Muhd Ridzuan Mansor - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Muhd Ridzuan Mansor

Design ideation and selection of a two-stroke marine engine under-piston door employing Theory of... more Design ideation and selection of a two-stroke marine engine under-piston door employing Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ), biomimetics, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is presented in this paper. The study is motivated by exploring bio-composites as potentially suitable substitutes for conventional steel in engine component manufacture. As bio-composites possess lower mechanical properties compared to steel, the geometrical redesign was deemed necessary for any potential material substitution to take place. New under-piston door designs were ideated through the synergy between TRIZ and biomimetics. Computational models were developed, inspired by the Amazon waterlily, the tortoiseshell and the spider web. Mechanical simulation was performed for maximum stress (von Mises), total deformation and volume. With the simulated results of these designs, AHP and TOPSIS provided the solution’s capabilities to decide the best design overall. The design inspired by the Amazon waterlily proved the best and showed lower stress and deformation values compared to the original by 45.25% and 4.5%, respectively. This research provided conclusive evidence that with refined scrutiny of the TRIZ and biomimetic methods, along with AHP and TOPSIS, potential alternatives to conventional materials that offer environmental friendliness without compromising operational requirements can be realised.

Journal of Natural Fibre Polymer Composites (JNFPC) , 2022

Two-stroke marine diesel engine components have primarily been made from steel. However, with eve... more Two-stroke marine diesel engine components have primarily been made from steel. However, with ever increasing pressure from environmental policies, more sustainable alternative materials are currently being researched. The selection of the best natural fibre as potential material for a two-stroke marine diesel engine crosshead bearing was performed using the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method. Eight different natural fibres were applied in ANSYS simulation to obtain the Maximum Stress (von Mises), Maximum Deformation and Weight of the crosshead bearing model. Using these three characteristics in the TOPSIS method, the best natural fibre material was found to be kenaf with a Relative closeness to ideal solution score of 0.955. Future work planned to further investigate the suitability of natural fibre as crosshead bearing material include studies on compressive stress, tribological behavior and effects of cyclic loading, relevant to conditions experienced in highly rated marine diesel engines.

Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia

Lane Departure Warning (LDW) and Lane Keep Assist (LKA) systems are part of the Advanced Driver-A... more Lane Departure Warning (LDW) and Lane Keep Assist (LKA) systems are part of the Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS), which are equipped in the latest passenger vehicles sold in the Southeast Asia (SEA) countries. Both technologies are very beneficial to gain improved safety performance for vehicle occupants and benefiting other road users such as pedestrians and cyclists by alerting the driver and making automatic trajectory correction when the vehicle is deviating away from the correct path while in motion. Nevertheless, there is yet any test protocol established by the New Car Assessment Program for Southeast Asian Countries (ASEAN NCAP) to evaluate both technologies tailored to the SEA’s environmental conditions. Hence, this is a preliminary investigation of the new test protocol developed for LDW and LKA based on SEA’s environmental conditions. The proposed protocol incorporated the effect of both dry and wet conditions, which is unique to simulate the main weather element...

Increased severity in operating conditions coupled with the environmental and toxicity issues rel... more Increased severity in operating conditions coupled with the environmental and toxicity issues related with using conventional lubricants. In addition, high price of fossil fuels has led to exploration of new kind natural additives as bio-lubricant. Banana Peel as agricultural wastes are potential to be developed as bio-oils that to replace the petroleum products, due to their environmentally friendly characteristics, biodegradable, nontoxic and renewable. The purpose of this study is to produce lubricant oil from Banana Peel (BP) as bio additives in paraffin oil, as well as to determine their physical and tribological properties as bio-lubricant under severe operation conditions to identify their ability for lubricants. Tribological performance of Banana Peel (BP) as a bio-lubricant was tested using four-ball test machined under extreme pressure conditions, according to ASTM D 2783-03. Experimental results showed significant improvement in overall performance with increased BP conte...

Sains Malaysiana, 2016

Fluids with different properties would exhibit different flow behaviour in any multiphase flow sy... more Fluids with different properties would exhibit different flow behaviour in any multiphase flow system at a given operating condition. Therefore, an in-depth knowledge of the operational and flow behaviour of any known fluid properties in a multiphase flow system of either liquid-liquid two-phase flow (oil and water) or gas-liquid-liquid three-phase flow (gas, oil and water) would be helpful in designing of pipelines and optimization of the production, separation, transportation and distribution systems, as may be found in oil and gas and allied petro-chemical industries. This paper presents the experimental observation of the flow patterns and water holdup for a two-phase low viscosity oil-water flow in horizontal pipes. The test fluids comprised of tap water and 2D-diesel which has a density of 832 kg/m3, viscosity of 3.24 mPa.s, surface tension of 0.030 N/m and flash point of 79°C. A total of 30 runs has been accomplished and the experimental results showed three different flow pa...

Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2015

This paper presents the modeling of multi-degree-of-freedom on laminated rubber-metal spring in a... more This paper presents the modeling of multi-degree-of-freedom on laminated rubber-metal spring in axial direction displacement. Two methods are used which are firstly the eigenvalues and eigenvectors solution and secondly called harmonic motion solution. In eigenvalues and eigenvectors approach, equation of motion of laminated rubber-metal spring is developed using spring-mass system. Then, the equation was rewritten again in matrix and harmonic motion in order to reduce the difficulty and become realistic to be solved using characteristic equation. On the other hand, harmonic motion approach is started from governing equation in term of mode shape. By using this concept, two important equations are finally derived which are displacement and velocity. Using these two methods, finally the maximum displacements of laminated rubber-metal spring are plotted as well as in frequency domain axis. Two types of analysis are considered in this study which are undamped and damped system. Based o...

While braking, most of the kinetic energy are converted into thermal energy and increase the disc... more While braking, most of the kinetic energy are converted into thermal energy and increase the disc temperature. This project consists of thermal stress analysis on heavy truck brake disc rotor for steady state and transient condition. The heat dissipated along the brake disc surface during the periodic braking via conduction, convection and radiation. In order to get the stable and accurate result of element size, time step selection is very important and all of these aspects are discussed in this paper. The findings of this research provide a useful design tool to improve the brake performance of disc brake system.

Biomass, Biopolymer-Based Materials, and Bioenergy, 2019

Abstract Since its inception, the aerospace industry has actively pioneered the use of advanced m... more Abstract Since its inception, the aerospace industry has actively pioneered the use of advanced materials, especially polymer composites for aircraft construction. The key objectives are to gain lightweight advantages, so that aircraft can burn less fuel, and hence travel longer distances or carry higher payload over the same distance. In line with the current drive toward improving sustainability performance the in aerospace industry, environmentally friendly materials are steadily being introduced as substitute materials for aircraft component construction, such as natural fiber polymer composites (NFPC). Natural fibers, derived from plants and animals, offers many advantages in term of low density, high strength-to-weight ratio, low cost, and alike synthetic composites, they are able to be applied to components with complex geometrical design features. Furthermore, due to their natural origin, natural fibers are also more environmentally friendly because of to their renewable, biodegradable, and recyclable properties. In this chapter, the current applications of NFPC for aerospace engineering are discussed. Among the topics covered are the introduction to aerospace materials especially polymer composites such as for aircraft frames, and engine construction, and the advantages offered by the material. Further topics included are the recent development of NFPC in aerospace applications such as for aircraft radome and interior cabin components, as well as remarks on NFPC future trends and challenges. It is hoped that this chapter is able to provide a positive insight to readers and spark greater interest to industry players on the potential of applying NFPC in aerospace applications, towards improving the current performance of aerospace materials, especially in terms of lightweight and environmental sustainability.

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2021

Wind and solar power are the most common renewable resources of energy and their usage for power ... more Wind and solar power are the most common renewable resources of energy and their usage for power generation is quickly growing all over the world. However, both wind and solar power are difficult to predict manually due to every time changes in weather condition; therefore, power output of wind and solar is associated with some uncertainty. A reliable wind-solar day ahead load prediction with neural network was proposed to support a small microgrids system. All the system performance measurement such as sensitivity, specificity and accuracy give higher than 90%.

Evergreen, 2020

Adhesion strength of electrically conductive adhesive (ECA) could be enhanced through surface tre... more Adhesion strength of electrically conductive adhesive (ECA) could be enhanced through surface treatment. This paper characterizes the multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) filled ECA with varying MWCNT filler loading. Here, the focus is on the effect of chemical treatment on aluminium substrate surface treatment onto the adhesion strength of the ECA as per ASTMD 1002. The chemically etched aluminum substrate provides the largest effective bond area between ECA/substrate interface, with the highest shear strength of the ECA. More specifically, the ECA with 6 wt.% MWCNT filler loading exhibit an optimum lap shear strength, showing an adhesive-cohesive failure mode.

Synthetic Metals, 2018

Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) is a new promising technology in lighting and display applica... more Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) is a new promising technology in lighting and display applications due to the advantages offered by the organic over inorganic materials. Nevertheless, the devices poor environmental stability and growth of dark spots has been a major concern for OLED devices. Based on the past literatures, several failure mechanisms have been proposed, suggesting that there is no particular model for the mechanisms of dark spots formation. In addition, the formation of dark spots is relatively obscure and unpredictable. On top of that, comprehensive reviews on the dark spots formation mechanism and the prevention methods are very limited at the current moment. Yet, both information are truly critical to be obtained and understood for OLED future development works. Thus, this paper reviewed particularly on the root cause formation of dark spots mechanisms in OLED devices. The dark spots are mainly formed due to the presence of foreign impurities and pinholes, as well as due to high current intensity. These root factor of elements will further enhance the degradation of OLED via bubble formations, electro-migrations, crystallizations and many other damaging processes. A few prevention steps have been discussed in order to reduce and prevent the dark spots from occurring such as the proper material selection and conducting the fabrication process in a controlled environment.

Progress in Industrial Ecology, An International Journal, 2018

The hydrophilic nature of natural fibre in natural fibre composite (NFC) can reduce the material ... more The hydrophilic nature of natural fibre in natural fibre composite (NFC) can reduce the material properties thus degrading the competitiveness of NFC as compared to synthetic fibre composite. This paper presents the water absorption effect on the mechanical properties of NFC made from kenaf reinforced recycled polymer blend. The recycled polymer blend is sourced from rejected-unused disposable diapers containing polypropylene and polyethylene (r-PP/PE). The kenaf flour fibre is compounded with r-PP/PE by using internal mixer machine with five variations of fibre loading which are 0, 30, 40, 50, and 60 wt.%. The water immersion test is conducted by immersing the samples in the distilled water for 24 hours as well as samples for tensile, flexural, and Izod impact tests. Experimental results show some improvement on some properties (impact strength) as well as degradation in other mechanical properties. The fractography analyses revealed the failure modes caused by fibre pull-out, matrix cracking, and fibre swelling and voids that induced micro cracks.

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2016

This paper presents the analysis of parameter assessment on laminated rubber-metal spring (LR-MS)... more This paper presents the analysis of parameter assessment on laminated rubber-metal spring (LR-MS) for vibrating structure. Three parameters were selected for the assessment which are mass, Young's modulus and radius. Natural rubber materials has been used to develop the LR-MS model. Three analyses were later conducted based on the selected parameters to the LR-MS performance which are natural frequency, location of the internal resonance frequency and transmissibility of internal resonance. Results of the analysis performed were plotted in frequency domain function graph. Transmissibility of laminated rubber-metal spring (LR-MS) is changed by changing the value of the parameter. This occurrence was referred to the theory from open literature then final conclusion has been make which are these parameters have a potential to give an effects and trends for LR-MS transmissibility.

This paper investigated the vibration level on lower side bridge structure model. A wood material... more This paper investigated the vibration level on lower side bridge structure model. A wood material is selected as a raw material of Model Bridge. The selection is based on the high strength, high quality and low cost. Laboratory test is conducted to measure the vibration level using Frequency Response Function (FRF). Then, the vibration level of lower side beam structure is determined. A maximum interface mobility and minimum phase angle was finding in this testing and it shown a losing damping value at the starting point of excitation. The mobility is very responsive at the anti resonance frequencies and acts as a dynamic absorber to reduce an impact.

A new design of disc brake using ventilated rotor was developed for the UTeM Formula Varsity raci... more A new design of disc brake using ventilated rotor was developed for the UTeM Formula Varsity racing car. Compacted graphite cast iron (CGI) was proposed as the material for the disc brake rotor. Thermal analysis was performed in this project to assess the component performance using ABAQUS/CAE v6.7-1 finite element analysis software both in transient condition. Results from the analysis show that the maximum temperature generated on the disc brake surface at the end of the braking procedure for transient condition was within the allowable service temperature of the ventilated rotor material. Thus, the new disc brake rotor is safe for operation and is expected to perform successfully as per design requirement.

2009 International Conference on Engineering Education (ICEED), 2009

This paper examines the seven elements of soft skills promoted by Institute of Higher Learning (I... more This paper examines the seven elements of soft skills promoted by Institute of Higher Learning (IHL). These soft skills are demonstrated in one of the event organized by Faculty of mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) which is kwon as Formula Varsity. The event had been participated by a number of IHL in Malaysia and received good feedback from participating institution, staff and students. In order to study the effectiveness of the event and relate it to the soft skills elements, soft skills matrices for each team has been developed and discussed. The result show good relation and fulfil all the element of the soft skills.

Procedia Engineering, 2012

Jaundice is a yellow discoloration of the skin and/or whites of the eyes that is often seen in ne... more Jaundice is a yellow discoloration of the skin and/or whites of the eyes that is often seen in newborn infants. The discoloration is caused by a yellow substance called bilirubin. Infants with high blood levels of bilirubin, called hyperbilirubinemia, develop the yellow color when bilirubin accumulates in the skin. The main symptom of jaundice is yellow colouring of the skin and conjunctiva of the eyes. Jaundice can also make babies sleepy which can lead to poor feeding. Poor feeding can make jaundice worse as the baby can become dehydrated. If a baby has conjugated jaundice, it may have white chalky stool (poo) and urine that is darker than normal. (The bilirubin that normally colours the stool is excreted in the urine.) Jaundice is not a disease but is a symptom of an elevated blood bilirubin level. Jaundice is not painful, but serious complications can occur if elevated bilirubin levels are not treated in a timely manner. Jaundice is a marker used to identify those infants who may be at risk for developing severe hyperbilirubinemia. Severe hyperbilirubinemia can be toxic to the nervous system of infants, potentially causing brain damage. Because many of these infants require care from multiple medical disciplines, coordination of care is another important role for the family physician. Thus, the goals of this paper are to promote a new first aid of jaundice newborn monitoring. A simple color detection method was employed to study the behaviour of the infant. The experimental results reveal that the proposed method can minimize the morbidity and mortality than the conventional method.

Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia

Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) is an inventive problem-solving method developed to fi... more Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) is an inventive problem-solving method developed to find a solution for issues involving contradictions. The TRIZ method was applied to develop a new method of simulating raining weather conditions for vehicle lane support system (LSS) on-road testing infrastructure. The objective of the project was to develop a mechanical solution capable of dispensing a consistent amount of water to a moving vehicle to simulate raining weather conditions, while at the same time it is portable and easy to set up. Based on the requirement, the TRIZ 40 inventive principles were applied as the solution, based on the principles of “the other way around”, “segmentation”, “dynamicity” and “feedback”. The specific solution generated based on the inventive principles identified was to make both the vehicle and the rain simulating machine movable during the on-road test. This is achieved by creating a customized rain machine that can be fitted onto a moving vehicle...

Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia

In this study, understanding between the operation and mechanism of an automotive anti-roll bar i... more In this study, understanding between the operation and mechanism of an automotive anti-roll bar is reviewed. Design consideration of the automotive anti-roll bar is studied from past researchers with the summarized of current invention of automotive anti- roll bar. In development of the automotive anti-roll bar, interaction between design elements such as material, function analysis, forces analysis, failure analysis and geometry specifications are essentially need to be considered in development of it without affecting its conventional function and achieve the performance target. The potential of the fibre reinforced composite such as natural fibre is likely to be the next future generation of automotive anti-roll bar. Considerations of the aforementioned design elements would help design engineers to outcome the challenges in design of composite materials. The inventions that patented by the past inventors would help as a guide.

Due to the decreasing petroleum reserves and environmental issues, the approach of using vegetabl... more Due to the decreasing petroleum reserves and environmental issues, the approach of using vegetable oil as lubricant has drawn the researchers’ attention. In comparison to mineralbased lubricant, the vegetable based-oil bio-based lubricant has better physical properties, high lubricity, renewable, and biodegradable. The source of bio-based lubricant can be virgin natural oil, or processed fruit waste. This review discusses the vegetable oils as biolubricant and natural additive in lubrication according to the current findings. A brief discussion of physicochemical and tribological properties findings completes the review.

Journal of Natural Fibre Polymer Composites (JNFPC) , 2022

Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia

Sains Malaysiana, 2016

Journal of Engineering and Technology, 2015

Biomass, Biopolymer-Based Materials, and Bioenergy, 2019

Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2021

Evergreen, 2020

Synthetic Metals, 2018

Progress in Industrial Ecology, An International Journal, 2018

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2016

2009 International Conference on Engineering Education (ICEED), 2009

Procedia Engineering, 2012

Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia

The International Symposium on Polymeric Materials 2022 ISBN: 978-, 2022

Present two-stroke marine diesel engine crosshead bearing designs are similar to conventional tin... more Present two-stroke marine diesel engine crosshead bearing designs are similar to conventional tin-based journal bearings. The potential of natural fibre composites (NFC) as bearing material lead to the ideation of a geometric design of the crosshead bearing. The study focused on the selection of the best polymer matrix using the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method. Simulation results were obtained for Maximum Stress (von Mises), Maximum Deformation and Weight. Using TOPSIS, the best polymer matrix was determined to be Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), garnering a Relative closeness to ideal solution score of 0.928. These results show the potential of using polymer as bearing material in highly rated marine diesel engines.

International Conference on Sugar Palm and Allied Fibre Polymer Composites 2021, 2021

The current design of the crosshead bearing of a two-stroke marine diesel engine is similar to th... more The current design of the crosshead bearing of a two-stroke marine diesel engine is similar to that of conventional tin-based journal bearings. To consider natural fibre composites (NFC) as replacement material for journal bearings is somewhat unsuitable due to its' limited mechanical properties. For such a feat to be achieved, suitable design improvements would be necessary. By employing the innovation tool, TRIZ (Theory of Inventive Problem Solving) the preliminary step in this design process began by pointing in the right general direction. With the aid of biomimetics, several improved ideas were visualized from the initial thought ideated from TRIZ. Three potential designs inspired by nature have been selected which are the Amazon water lily, the hedgehog spine and the macadamia nut shell.