Manal Kasem - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Manal Kasem

Research paper thumbnail of Outcome of strabismus surgery in patients of type 3 gaucher’s disease

Journal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society, 2018

Purpose Surgical correction of esotropia in patients of neuronopathic Gaucher’s disease (GD) type... more Purpose Surgical correction of esotropia in patients of neuronopathic Gaucher’s disease (GD) type 3 aiming to improve the cosmetic appearance with the evaluation of the success rate, presence of residual angle, or recurrence during the follow-up period. Study design A retrospective, descriptive study. Patients and methods Ten patients with type 3 neuronopathic GD were referred from the Pediatric Gastroenterology and Neurology Units of Mansoura Children’s Hospital. All patients suffered from systemic, neurological, and ophthalmological manifestations such as hepatosplenomegaly, horizontal gaze palsy and esotropia, respectively. They received enzyme replacement therapy, and showed a stationary course for at least 1 year before strabismus surgery. Patients were admitted and operated for cosmetic correction of esotropia. They were followed up regularly every month for 1 year. Postoperative data were recorded at the end of 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Results In all, 80% of cases showed improvement of the angle. Orthotropia (within 10 pd) was obtained at the end of 6 months and maintained till the end of 1 year postoperatively; 20% of the cases showed residual esotropia. Conclusion Surgical correction of strabismus in type 3 GD can achieve good cosmetic results with low risk of residual angle or recurrence.

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of interactive binocular treatment in amblyopia

Egyptian Journal of Ophthalmology, (Mansoura Ophthalmic Center)

Purpose: This study was to evaluate effectiveness of I-BiT system for treatment of amblyopia in c... more Purpose: This study was to evaluate effectiveness of I-BiT system for treatment of amblyopia in comparison with standard patching of dominant eye. Methods: This was a prospective randomized comparative study conducted on cooperative amblyopic patients up to 20 years attending outpatient clinic of Mansoura University, Ophthalmic Center. All cases were exposed to full history taking, ophthalmic history, ocular examination which included assessment of visual acuity, slit lamp biomicroscopy, in addition to, Worth 4 Dot Test and Lang test. Results: there was a statistically significant improvement in the (BCVA) (p <0.001) of both groups after 6 months of treatment. There was a statistically significant improvement of Worth 4 dot test results with increased fusion in the cases of both groups. There was a statistically significant improvement of Lang test and achieving positive results in the cases of group 1(29.4% of cases) and group 2 (10.5% of cases) at 6 months of treatment as compared with the pretreatment data. Conclusion: I-BiT system can give equal results to patching of sound eye in treating cases of moderate amblyopia but in a new, simple and joyful way.

Research paper thumbnail of Different surgical modalities for varying presentations of superior oblique palsy

Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus

Research paper thumbnail of Clinical Performance of a Spherical Hybrid Lens Design in High Regular Astigmatism

Objectives: To evaluate safety, efficacy, and comfort of a spherical hybrid contact lens design i... more Objectives: To evaluate safety, efficacy, and comfort of a spherical hybrid contact lens design in management of the regular astigmatic cornea. Methods: This prospective study included 18 eyes from 18 subjects with regular corneal astigmatism greater than 23.00 diopters. All patients were fitted with optimal hybrid contact lenses. Demographic data and fitting parameters were recorded. Patient refraction, visual outcomes, contrast sensitivity, and glare levels were measured 2 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after the start of lens use. Duration of lens use, comfort grades, causes of lens discontinuation, and any noticed complications were recorded. Results: An average of 1.8 lenses (range 1–3) was required to achieve the optimal fit. Average logMAR visual acuity had improved significantly from 0.9260.03 to 0.0360.04 (P,0.001) at the last follow-up. Contrast sensitivity and glare tests were also significantly improved. Statistical analysis of the subjective responses indicated a strong ...

Research paper thumbnail of Detection of macular changes by optical coherence tomography after inferior oblique muscle surgery

To detect macular changes after inferior oblique muscle myectomy and anterior transposition by th... more To detect macular changes after inferior oblique muscle myectomy and anterior transposition by the use of 3-dimensional optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS Patients who received surgery for correction of horizontal strabismus and weakening of inferior oblique muscle overaction were included. OCT was performed shortly before surgery and again 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month postoperatively. RESULTS A total of 23 eyes of 16 patients were included. OCT showed no significant macular changes after inferior oblique myectomy or anterior transposition. CONCLUSIONS We documented no harmful effects on the macula after manipulation of the inferior oblique muscle during standard weakening procedures.

Research paper thumbnail of Changes in macular parameters in different types of amblyopia: optical coherence tomography study

Clinical Ophthalmology

The purposes of this study were to investigate the changes in macular parameters (thickness, volu... more The purposes of this study were to investigate the changes in macular parameters (thickness, volume) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness (RNFLT) in different cases of amblyopia versus the normal fellow eyes using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to estimate the relationship of OCT changes with various defined patients' parameters. Design: This is a prospective, observational, cross-sectional case series. Methods: The method involved measuring the peripapillary RNFLT, macular thickness, and macular volume via spectral domain (OCT) in different types of amblyopia and comparing with the other fellow eyes. This study was conducted at the Mansoura Ophthalmic Center. Results: A total of 64 patients with different types of amblyopia were included. The mean central macular thickness (CMT) was 196.2±50.03 µm in the amblyopic eyes versus 167±12.76 µm in the fellow eyes (P=0.000), the mean average macular thickness was 265.80±12.77 µm in the amblyopic eyes versus 259.10±3.09 µm in the fellow eyes (P=0.000), the mean macular volume was 7.59±0.32 mm 3 in the amblyopic eyes versus 7.34±0.071 mm 3 in the fellow eyes (P=0.002), and the mean global RNFLT was 97.00±11.60 µm in the amblyopic eyes versus 78.50±13.05 µm in the fellow eyes (P=0.029). There was a discrepancy between the different amblyopic types. Age and the axial length were the only independent variables that statistically significantly correlated with the CMT. Conclusion: The unilateral amblyopic eyes were prone to have a higher CMT and thicker global RNFL compared to those of the sound fellow eyes. Retinal variations between different types of the amblyopia differ from one type to another. The age could be considered as a predictor of the disease worsening and treatment prognosis. Further studies are required to emphasize these results.

Research paper thumbnail of Changes of anterior segment parameters after horizontal rectus muscles recession versus resection

Annals of Eye Science

Background: To record the corneal, and anterior chamber depth changes after performing recession ... more Background: To record the corneal, and anterior chamber depth changes after performing recession versus resection of horizontal recti muscles. Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent isolated lateral rectus muscle recession or resection February 2014 to January 2015 were prospectively studied. Refractive error (spherical equivalent); K1, K2, and mean k reading, anterior and posterior corneal elevation; and anterior chamber depth were measured (Pentacam) before, 1 month, and 3 months after surgery. Patients who could not maintain reliable fixation and those with a history of eye surgery were excluded. Pre-and postoperative measurements were compared by analysis of variance. Results: A total of 36 eyes of 23 patients (average age, 16 years) were included. Rectus muscle recession was performed in 24 eyes; and resection was performed in 12 eyes. Statistically significant changes in mean keratometry of recession group only. Central anterior elevation, and central anterior chamber depth were significant when both groups are compared at first month after surgery. Changes became regressive at the end of the third month. Although a significant change of central anterior elevation persisted. Conclusions: In recession group, the mean K was the only statistically significant variable by the first postoperative month. Comparing the both groups, the anterior corneal elevation, and central anterior chamber depth revealed a significant difference by the end of the first postoperative month. After 3 months, all parameters showed a statistical insignificant difference between the recession and resection groups except the anterior corneal elevation.

Research paper thumbnail of Retro-equatorial inferior oblique myopexy for treatment of inferior oblique overaction

Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology

Research paper thumbnail of Imaging of congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders: What radiologist wants to know?

Research paper thumbnail of Horizontal Extraocular Muscle Insertion Site in Relation to Axial Length Using Swept-Source Anterior Segment OCT

Clinical Ophthalmology

The purpose of this study was to correlate between the axial length of the globe and the insertio... more The purpose of this study was to correlate between the axial length of the globe and the insertion site of horizontal extraocular muscles using swept-source anterior segment optical coherence tomography (SS-ASOCT), with posing an equation to calculate the muscle insertion site from the axial length. Methods: The study design was observational and cross-sectional. It was performed on 157 eyes of 157 healthy subjects. The distance of the medial rectus (MR) and the lateral rectus (LR) insertion sites from the limbus were measured using SS-ASOCT. The insertion sites' distances were correlated to the axial length (hypermetropes < 22.5 mm, myopes > 24.5). Correlation between numerical variables was done by Pearson's correlation coefficient and confirmed by linear regression analysis and scatter diagrams. Results: The mean MR insertion site was 5.47 ± 0.19 mm in hypermetropes versus 5.68 ± 0.23 mm in myopes, whereas the mean LR insertion site was 6.81± 0.23 mm in hyperopes versus 7.08 ± 0.16 mm in myopes. The axial length showed a moderate positive, but significant, correlation to the insertional position for the medial and lateral rectus muscles (MR: r=0.417, p<0.001; LR: r=0.410, p<0.001). Conclusion: Comparing the horizontal extraocular muscle insertion site to axial length using SS-ASOCT showed a significant positive correlation. The model equation for MR insertion: MR (mm) = 4.522 + 0.045 (AXL in mm) with an R = 0.437, R 2 = 0.191, F=12.071, P<0.001. The model equation for LR insertion: LR (mm) = 5.72 + 0.048 (AXL in mm) with an R = 0.438, R 2 = 0.192, F=12.116, P<0.001.

Research paper thumbnail of Diffusion Tensor Imaging of the Lateral Rectus Muscle in Duane Retraction Syndrome

Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography

Research paper thumbnail of Childhood glaucoma profile in Dakahelia, Egypt: a retrospective study

International journal of ophthalmology, 2018

To analyze childhood glaucoma regarding its demographics, presentations, different causes and sur... more To analyze childhood glaucoma regarding its demographics, presentations, different causes and surgical modalities used among patients in Dakahelia and to apply the Childhood Glaucoma Research Network (CGRN) classification retrospectively to evaluate its convenience. A retrospective study in which the medical files of all glaucoma patients <16 years old presented to Mansoura Ophthalmic Center, Mansoura University from 2014 to 2017, were retrieved and analyzed. Collected data included: age, gender, laterality, visual acuity (VA), refraction, intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal diameter, cup-disc ratio, types and number of surgeries and antiglaucomatous drugs (AGD) at the first and last visit. Prevalence of different subtypes was calculated and means of clinical features were compared. A total of 305 eyes of 207 patients were included classified into 6 groups: primary congenital glaucoma (PCG), juvenile open angle glaucoma (JOAG), glaucoma associated with systemic disease, glaucoma ...

Research paper thumbnail of Outcome of strabismus surgery in patients of type 3 gaucher’s disease

Journal of the Egyptian Ophthalmological Society, 2018

Purpose Surgical correction of esotropia in patients of neuronopathic Gaucher’s disease (GD) type... more Purpose Surgical correction of esotropia in patients of neuronopathic Gaucher’s disease (GD) type 3 aiming to improve the cosmetic appearance with the evaluation of the success rate, presence of residual angle, or recurrence during the follow-up period. Study design A retrospective, descriptive study. Patients and methods Ten patients with type 3 neuronopathic GD were referred from the Pediatric Gastroenterology and Neurology Units of Mansoura Children’s Hospital. All patients suffered from systemic, neurological, and ophthalmological manifestations such as hepatosplenomegaly, horizontal gaze palsy and esotropia, respectively. They received enzyme replacement therapy, and showed a stationary course for at least 1 year before strabismus surgery. Patients were admitted and operated for cosmetic correction of esotropia. They were followed up regularly every month for 1 year. Postoperative data were recorded at the end of 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Results In all, 80% of cases showed improvement of the angle. Orthotropia (within 10 pd) was obtained at the end of 6 months and maintained till the end of 1 year postoperatively; 20% of the cases showed residual esotropia. Conclusion Surgical correction of strabismus in type 3 GD can achieve good cosmetic results with low risk of residual angle or recurrence.

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of interactive binocular treatment in amblyopia

Egyptian Journal of Ophthalmology, (Mansoura Ophthalmic Center)

Purpose: This study was to evaluate effectiveness of I-BiT system for treatment of amblyopia in c... more Purpose: This study was to evaluate effectiveness of I-BiT system for treatment of amblyopia in comparison with standard patching of dominant eye. Methods: This was a prospective randomized comparative study conducted on cooperative amblyopic patients up to 20 years attending outpatient clinic of Mansoura University, Ophthalmic Center. All cases were exposed to full history taking, ophthalmic history, ocular examination which included assessment of visual acuity, slit lamp biomicroscopy, in addition to, Worth 4 Dot Test and Lang test. Results: there was a statistically significant improvement in the (BCVA) (p <0.001) of both groups after 6 months of treatment. There was a statistically significant improvement of Worth 4 dot test results with increased fusion in the cases of both groups. There was a statistically significant improvement of Lang test and achieving positive results in the cases of group 1(29.4% of cases) and group 2 (10.5% of cases) at 6 months of treatment as compared with the pretreatment data. Conclusion: I-BiT system can give equal results to patching of sound eye in treating cases of moderate amblyopia but in a new, simple and joyful way.

Research paper thumbnail of Different surgical modalities for varying presentations of superior oblique palsy

Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus

Research paper thumbnail of Clinical Performance of a Spherical Hybrid Lens Design in High Regular Astigmatism

Objectives: To evaluate safety, efficacy, and comfort of a spherical hybrid contact lens design i... more Objectives: To evaluate safety, efficacy, and comfort of a spherical hybrid contact lens design in management of the regular astigmatic cornea. Methods: This prospective study included 18 eyes from 18 subjects with regular corneal astigmatism greater than 23.00 diopters. All patients were fitted with optimal hybrid contact lenses. Demographic data and fitting parameters were recorded. Patient refraction, visual outcomes, contrast sensitivity, and glare levels were measured 2 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after the start of lens use. Duration of lens use, comfort grades, causes of lens discontinuation, and any noticed complications were recorded. Results: An average of 1.8 lenses (range 1–3) was required to achieve the optimal fit. Average logMAR visual acuity had improved significantly from 0.9260.03 to 0.0360.04 (P,0.001) at the last follow-up. Contrast sensitivity and glare tests were also significantly improved. Statistical analysis of the subjective responses indicated a strong ...

Research paper thumbnail of Detection of macular changes by optical coherence tomography after inferior oblique muscle surgery

To detect macular changes after inferior oblique muscle myectomy and anterior transposition by th... more To detect macular changes after inferior oblique muscle myectomy and anterior transposition by the use of 3-dimensional optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS Patients who received surgery for correction of horizontal strabismus and weakening of inferior oblique muscle overaction were included. OCT was performed shortly before surgery and again 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month postoperatively. RESULTS A total of 23 eyes of 16 patients were included. OCT showed no significant macular changes after inferior oblique myectomy or anterior transposition. CONCLUSIONS We documented no harmful effects on the macula after manipulation of the inferior oblique muscle during standard weakening procedures.

Research paper thumbnail of Changes in macular parameters in different types of amblyopia: optical coherence tomography study

Clinical Ophthalmology

The purposes of this study were to investigate the changes in macular parameters (thickness, volu... more The purposes of this study were to investigate the changes in macular parameters (thickness, volume) and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness (RNFLT) in different cases of amblyopia versus the normal fellow eyes using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to estimate the relationship of OCT changes with various defined patients' parameters. Design: This is a prospective, observational, cross-sectional case series. Methods: The method involved measuring the peripapillary RNFLT, macular thickness, and macular volume via spectral domain (OCT) in different types of amblyopia and comparing with the other fellow eyes. This study was conducted at the Mansoura Ophthalmic Center. Results: A total of 64 patients with different types of amblyopia were included. The mean central macular thickness (CMT) was 196.2±50.03 µm in the amblyopic eyes versus 167±12.76 µm in the fellow eyes (P=0.000), the mean average macular thickness was 265.80±12.77 µm in the amblyopic eyes versus 259.10±3.09 µm in the fellow eyes (P=0.000), the mean macular volume was 7.59±0.32 mm 3 in the amblyopic eyes versus 7.34±0.071 mm 3 in the fellow eyes (P=0.002), and the mean global RNFLT was 97.00±11.60 µm in the amblyopic eyes versus 78.50±13.05 µm in the fellow eyes (P=0.029). There was a discrepancy between the different amblyopic types. Age and the axial length were the only independent variables that statistically significantly correlated with the CMT. Conclusion: The unilateral amblyopic eyes were prone to have a higher CMT and thicker global RNFL compared to those of the sound fellow eyes. Retinal variations between different types of the amblyopia differ from one type to another. The age could be considered as a predictor of the disease worsening and treatment prognosis. Further studies are required to emphasize these results.

Research paper thumbnail of Changes of anterior segment parameters after horizontal rectus muscles recession versus resection

Annals of Eye Science

Background: To record the corneal, and anterior chamber depth changes after performing recession ... more Background: To record the corneal, and anterior chamber depth changes after performing recession versus resection of horizontal recti muscles. Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent isolated lateral rectus muscle recession or resection February 2014 to January 2015 were prospectively studied. Refractive error (spherical equivalent); K1, K2, and mean k reading, anterior and posterior corneal elevation; and anterior chamber depth were measured (Pentacam) before, 1 month, and 3 months after surgery. Patients who could not maintain reliable fixation and those with a history of eye surgery were excluded. Pre-and postoperative measurements were compared by analysis of variance. Results: A total of 36 eyes of 23 patients (average age, 16 years) were included. Rectus muscle recession was performed in 24 eyes; and resection was performed in 12 eyes. Statistically significant changes in mean keratometry of recession group only. Central anterior elevation, and central anterior chamber depth were significant when both groups are compared at first month after surgery. Changes became regressive at the end of the third month. Although a significant change of central anterior elevation persisted. Conclusions: In recession group, the mean K was the only statistically significant variable by the first postoperative month. Comparing the both groups, the anterior corneal elevation, and central anterior chamber depth revealed a significant difference by the end of the first postoperative month. After 3 months, all parameters showed a statistical insignificant difference between the recession and resection groups except the anterior corneal elevation.

Research paper thumbnail of Retro-equatorial inferior oblique myopexy for treatment of inferior oblique overaction

Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology

Research paper thumbnail of Imaging of congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders: What radiologist wants to know?

Research paper thumbnail of Horizontal Extraocular Muscle Insertion Site in Relation to Axial Length Using Swept-Source Anterior Segment OCT

Clinical Ophthalmology

The purpose of this study was to correlate between the axial length of the globe and the insertio... more The purpose of this study was to correlate between the axial length of the globe and the insertion site of horizontal extraocular muscles using swept-source anterior segment optical coherence tomography (SS-ASOCT), with posing an equation to calculate the muscle insertion site from the axial length. Methods: The study design was observational and cross-sectional. It was performed on 157 eyes of 157 healthy subjects. The distance of the medial rectus (MR) and the lateral rectus (LR) insertion sites from the limbus were measured using SS-ASOCT. The insertion sites' distances were correlated to the axial length (hypermetropes < 22.5 mm, myopes > 24.5). Correlation between numerical variables was done by Pearson's correlation coefficient and confirmed by linear regression analysis and scatter diagrams. Results: The mean MR insertion site was 5.47 ± 0.19 mm in hypermetropes versus 5.68 ± 0.23 mm in myopes, whereas the mean LR insertion site was 6.81± 0.23 mm in hyperopes versus 7.08 ± 0.16 mm in myopes. The axial length showed a moderate positive, but significant, correlation to the insertional position for the medial and lateral rectus muscles (MR: r=0.417, p<0.001; LR: r=0.410, p<0.001). Conclusion: Comparing the horizontal extraocular muscle insertion site to axial length using SS-ASOCT showed a significant positive correlation. The model equation for MR insertion: MR (mm) = 4.522 + 0.045 (AXL in mm) with an R = 0.437, R 2 = 0.191, F=12.071, P<0.001. The model equation for LR insertion: LR (mm) = 5.72 + 0.048 (AXL in mm) with an R = 0.438, R 2 = 0.192, F=12.116, P<0.001.

Research paper thumbnail of Diffusion Tensor Imaging of the Lateral Rectus Muscle in Duane Retraction Syndrome

Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography

Research paper thumbnail of Childhood glaucoma profile in Dakahelia, Egypt: a retrospective study

International journal of ophthalmology, 2018

To analyze childhood glaucoma regarding its demographics, presentations, different causes and sur... more To analyze childhood glaucoma regarding its demographics, presentations, different causes and surgical modalities used among patients in Dakahelia and to apply the Childhood Glaucoma Research Network (CGRN) classification retrospectively to evaluate its convenience. A retrospective study in which the medical files of all glaucoma patients <16 years old presented to Mansoura Ophthalmic Center, Mansoura University from 2014 to 2017, were retrieved and analyzed. Collected data included: age, gender, laterality, visual acuity (VA), refraction, intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal diameter, cup-disc ratio, types and number of surgeries and antiglaucomatous drugs (AGD) at the first and last visit. Prevalence of different subtypes was calculated and means of clinical features were compared. A total of 305 eyes of 207 patients were included classified into 6 groups: primary congenital glaucoma (PCG), juvenile open angle glaucoma (JOAG), glaucoma associated with systemic disease, glaucoma ...