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Papers by Maritz Laubscher

$Research paper thumbnail of Radiographic union score for tibia (RUST) scoring system in adult diaphyseal femoral fractures treated with intramedullary nailing: an assessment of interobserver and intraobserver reliability$

European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

$Research paper thumbnail of HIV and fracture surgery$

SA Orthopaedic Journal

BACKGROUND: The use of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for knee pathology may be affect... more BACKGROUND: The use of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for knee pathology may be affected by socioeconomic factors, language barriers and time constraints in busy outpatient clinics. The squat-and-smile test (SST) is an example of such a test that has previously been validated for femur fractures. The aim of this study was to validate the SST against other PROMs in patients with knee pathology METHODS: Patients presenting to a subspecialist knee clinic in a large hospital in sub-Saharan Africa were approached to participate. They were asked to squat and the depth of the squat as well as the need to support themselves were classified into four categories. To describe their pain, participants also selected one of three smiley faces (unhappy, neutral, smiling). These test scores were correlated to the patient's Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Tegner Lysholm score and EQ-5D scores RESULTS: Seventy patients (median age 53.4 years) were included. The squ...

International Orthopaedics

World Journal of Orthopedics

$Research paper thumbnail of Hip fracture care and national systems in Israel and South Africa$

SICOT-J

Background: To perform a bibliometric analysis and quantify the amount of orthopaedic and trauma ... more Background: To perform a bibliometric analysis and quantify the amount of orthopaedic and trauma literature published from low-income countries (LICs). Methods and methods: The Web of Science database was utilised to identify all indexed orthopaedic journals. All articles published in the 76 orthopaedics journals over the last 10 years were reviewed, to determine their geographic origin. Results: A total of 131 454 articles were published across 76 orthopaedic journals over the last 10 years. Of these, 132 (0.1%) were published from LICs and 3515 (2.7%) were published from lower middle-income countries (LMICs); 85.7% (n = 112 716) of published orthopaedic research was undertaken in a high-income setting. The majority of the studies (n = 90, 74.4%) presented level IV evidence. Only 7.4% (n = 9) were high-quality evidence (level I or II). Additionally, the majority of research (74 articles, 56%) was published in partnership with high-income countries (HICs). Conclusions: There is a st...

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery

Contents Curriculum 2 Introduction 2 A. Context 2 B. Surgery within the National Health Service 2... more Contents Curriculum 2 Introduction 2 A. Context 2 B. Surgery within the National Health Service 2 C. Undergraduate exposure to surgery and a surgical curriculum 4 D. Surgery as an intervention 4 E. Expectations for all doctors 5 F. Global surgery 6 G. Health promotion and prevention of disease including surgical conditions 6 H. Consent, ethics, risk and clinical judgment 7 I. Team-based working and avoiding bullying behaviour 7 J. Embracing diversity and careers in surgery 7 Ways of teaching and learning in surgery 8 Concepts of surgery 8 Types of conditions 8 Learning opportunities 8 Locations for learning 9 Useful ways of learning 9 Expected learning outcomes 9 References 29 The Royal College of Surgeons Curriculum 2 Curriculum Introduction A. Context This National Undergraduate Curriculum in Surgery provides guidance for medical schools to create an evidence based, clinically relevant and contemporary curriculum for all students. The topics and learning objectives included are the minimum standard expected of all students graduating with a medical degree, including a Bachelor of Surgery (BS, ChB, BCh, BChir, etc.). Given the ubiquity of surgical principles to all aspects of medicine, these learning objectives and topics are relevant to all students, irrespective of subsequent career path. Exposure to surgery is essential for all medical students for several reasons: A. Surgical conditions are reponsible for a significant proportion of elective and emergency referrals. All graduating doctors require knowledge of surgical principles and an understanding of the management of common surgical conditions for the rest of their career. A minimum level of competency is required to ensure good care for future patients seen within any branch of medicine. B. Surgical wards and clinics provide an excellent environment to develop those clinical skills that are required of all medical students. They are typically high-volume services with a wealth of clinical material that provides training in generic medical skills such as history taking, physical examination, diagnostic formulation and management. They also provide an environment that allows development of non-clinical skills such as communication and team-working. There are often very rapid changes in a patient's condition, allowing for immediate reinforcement of learning and reflection on interventions. C. Surgery is the exemplar interventional specialty. All doctors need to understand the challenges for patients and doctors of diagnostic and therapeutic interventions, including how they should be planned, discussed, agreed and delivered while maintaining patient dignity, privacy and safety. Furthermore, an understanding of potential interventions allows doctors to put each investigation into context for each patient, avoiding unnecessary tests and dealing with expectations. The GMC's Tomorrow's Doctors 1 set the standards for each graduating doctor and includes many surgical aspects. This National Undergraduate Curriculum in Surgery seeks to raise standards by demonstrating where surgery is essential to achieve Tomorrow's Doctors requirements, but also by defining the minimum level of achievement to improve understanding of surgery at medical school. This curriculum will improve patient care and enhance patient safety particularly as the key topics for inclusion have a particular emphasis on reducing or eliminating errors. B. Surgery within the National Health Service The public expects doctors to have an awareness and understanding of conditions that are common and/or urgent. 2 A review of Hospital Episode Statistics shows that surgical conditions account for around a quarter of first hospital outpatient appointments, emergency admissions to hospital and elective admissions to hospital. 3,4 The proportions by surgical specialty are shown in Table 1.

Global Spine Journal

Study Design: Bibliometric review of the literature. Objective: This bibliometric analysis aims t... more Study Design: Bibliometric review of the literature. Objective: This bibliometric analysis aims to give an overview of the most influential academic literature written on spinal tuberculosis. Methods: All databases included in the Thomson Reuters Web of Knowledge were searched for the most influential publications in spinal tuberculosis. The most cited articles published between 1950 and 2015, with the main focus on orthopedic surgery, were identified using a multistep approach, and a total of 100 articles were included. The publications were then analyzed in this bibliometric analysis. Results: The number of citations ranged from 243 to 36, with an average of 77.11. The articles were published in 34 different journals, and the studies were conducted in 20 different countries. The top 3 countries, India, the United States, and China, published a total of 51% (n ¼ 51) of all articles. Low-burden countries produced 60% (n ¼ 60) of all articles in our list. African centers produced only 4% (n ¼ 4) of all included articles. Conclusions: Indian and Chinese researchers dominate evidence in spinal tuberculosis. Other areas with high disease burden, such as Africa, do not feature. Most publications are retrospective studies with a low level of evidence.

Asian spine journal, 2017

Retrospective observational study. The aim of this study was to assess the distribution of age an... more Retrospective observational study. The aim of this study was to assess the distribution of age and site of infection in patients with musculoskeletal tuberculosis (TB) and determine the number of TB/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfections as well as the incidence of multidrugresistant (MDR) TB. Of all TB cases, 1%-3% show skeletal system involvement and 30% are HIV coinfected. Although the reported distribution of skeletal TB is majorly in the spine, followed by the hip, knee, and foot/ankle, the epidemiology of extrapulmonary TB and especially musculoskeletal TB remains largely unknown, particularly in areas with a high prevalence of the disease. This is a retrospective study of a consecutive series of patients admitted to a tertiary care facility in an area with the highest prevalence of TB worldwide. TB was confirmed on tissue biopsy with polymerase chain reaction testing (Xpert for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance), culturing, or histological analysis...

International journal of mycobacteriology

Pediatric tuberculosis (TB) is known to have a wide range of presentations, and if left untreated... more Pediatric tuberculosis (TB) is known to have a wide range of presentations, and if left untreated, primary TB may lead to bone and joint involvement. The literature on this topic is very scarce, and no comprehensive systematic review or meta-analysis of the current knowledge is available to date. The aim of this study is to identify and analyze the literature with highest impact based on citation rate analysis. All databases of the Thomson and Reuters "Web of Knowledge" were used to conduct our search of the 100 most cited articles on this topic published between 1950 and 2014. The included articles were analyzed in terms of citation rate, age, study type, area of research, level of evidence (LOE), and more. All 100 articles were published between 1967 and 2011 in 51 different journals. The average citation rate was 74.26, all articles were on average 23.1 years, and most studies were originated from India (n = 22), followed by the USA (n = 21). The majority of publication...

Injury, 2016

Surgical hip dislocation with trochanteric osteotomy was introduced for the treatment of femoroac... more Surgical hip dislocation with trochanteric osteotomy was introduced for the treatment of femoroacetabular impingement and other intra-articular pathologies of the hip. We expanded the indications to include removal of retained bullets in the hip joint as an alternative to hip arthroscopy. We present a prospective case series of ten patients that were treated with a surgical hip dislocation for removal of retained bullets in the hip joint between January 2014 and October 2015 in a Level 1 trauma centre. The main outcome measurements were successful bullet removal, blood loss, surgical time and intraoperative complications. There were 8 males and 2 females with a mean age of mean age 27.3 years (range 20-32). All patients had one whole retained bullet for removal (right side: 8; left side: 2). In all cases the bullet could be removed in its entirety. The average surgical time was 73min (range 55-125) and the average blood loss 255ml (range 200-420). Surgical hip dislocation provides an unlimited view of the acetabulum and femoral head and neck and it therefore allows for easy removal of retained bullets. Osteocartilaginous lesions and concomitant fractures of the femoral head can be simultaneously evaluated and treated.

Bell's cruciate paralysis is a rare incomplete spinal cord syndrome characterised by brachial... more Bell's cruciate paralysis is a rare incomplete spinal cord syndrome characterised by brachial diplegia. It is caused by an insult to the cervicomedullary junction of the spinal cord. We report three cases of cruciate paralysis following traumatic injury to the cervical spine. In all three cases the clinical diagnosis of cruciate paralysis was confirmed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The prognosis varies according to the underlying cause, but is generally good. The clinical diagnosis of cruciate paralysis helps localise the injury to the cervicomedullary junction.