Md. Harun-or- Rashid - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Md. Harun-or- Rashid
Natural Product Research, 2018
The key purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the thrombo-lytic, antioxidant, membrane stabi... more The key purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the thrombo-lytic, antioxidant, membrane stabilizing and antimicrobial potentials of crude ethanol extracts (CEE) of whole plant, organic andaqueous soluble fractions (OF & AQSF). CEE showed the highest(44.63%) clot lysis activity compared to streptokinase (64.35%). InDPPH study, petroleum ether soluble fraction (PSF) has exhibitedIC50 of 18.83lg/mL while the standard ascorbic acid was 2.48mg/mL. AQSF profoundly inhibited the lysis of erythrocytes (66.20%)which was insignificantly different (p>0.05) to acetylsalicylic acid(71.98%), the reference. However, AQSF showed a significantlystronger level of protection against heat-induced hemolysis(64.80%) as compared with the acetylsalicylic acid (78.90%). CEE,OF and AQSF have displayed reasonable growth of inhibition oftested bacteria compared to negative control and standard drug(77.50mg of GAE/g).
Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, 2012
Chromatographic purification and spectroscopic analysis of the constituents from the stem extrac... more Chromatographic purification and spectroscopic analysis of the constituents from the stem extract of Ipomoea turpethum L. reported 22, 23-dihydro-?-spinasteryl-?-D glucoside (H-1) in addition to salicylic acid and N-p-comaryltyramine. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis including 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR, 1H-1H COSY, 1H-13C COSY, HMQC, HMBC, UV and IR spectroscopy. 22, 23-dihydro-?-spinasteryl-?-D-glucoside is first reported from Ipomoea turpethum. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v36i1.10906 Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 36, No. 1, 13-17, 2012
PeerJ, 2019
BackgroundPlants belonging to the genusTerminaliasuch asTerminalia belliricaandTerminalia sericea... more BackgroundPlants belonging to the genusTerminaliasuch asTerminalia belliricaandTerminalia sericeaare used traditionally to treat several diseases and health disorders. Up to this date, the roots ofTerminalia sericeaand the fruits ofTerminalia belliricaare the mostly studied plant parts. The phytochemical composition and the biological activities of the leaves of both species are not well identified so far.MethodsThe secondary metabolites ofTerminalia belliricaandTerminalia sericealeaves were identified using HPLC-PDA-MS/MS. The antioxidant activities of the leaves extracts were determined by DPPH and FRAP assays. The hepatoprotective potential was evaluated in rats with D-galactosamine induced liver damage. The effect of the extracts on the expression of the anti-apoptotic marker Bcl-2 was measured in an immunohistochemical study. The most abundant compounds identified in the studied extracts were docked into Bcl-2: Bim (BH3) interaction surface using molecular operating environment...
The stem and root of Adhatoda vasica plant were collected, washed, dried and pulverized into powd... more The stem and root of Adhatoda vasica plant were collected, washed, dried and pulverized into powder and subjected to evaluate antibacterial, thrombolytic and membrane stabilizing activities. The methanol extract of stem and root showed positive phytochemical test for glycosides, steroids, alkaloids and flavonoids. The extractives of stem and root exhibited antibacterial activities with zone of inhibition ranging from 10-28 mm against test bacteria. The chloroform and ethyl acetate soluble fractions revealed thrombolytic activity with clot lysis value of 36.42±0.16% and 42.63±0.28%, respectively for stem extractives and 40.34±0.25% and 46.48±0.28%, respectively for root extractives as compared to 63.52±0.86% for standard streptokinase. Moreover, in hypotonic solution and heat induced condition the ethyl acetate soluble fractions inhibited haemolysis of human RBC by 60.61±0.36% and 22.4±0.24%, respectively from stem extractives and 64.5±0.68% and 24.8±0.31%, respectively from root extractives as compared to 70.5±0.54% and 40.8±0.21%, respectively for acetyl salicylic acid. Overall, the effects produced by root extractives were much more active than that of stem extractives in the experimental conditions used in this study. Introduction Medicinal plants are the blessings for any country which contribute a lot for traditional health management to provide important compound for drug discovery. Bangladesh has an unbroken tradition of the use of plants in indigenous medicines and a number of Bangladeshi plants have much folk reputation against infectious diseases caused by microorganisms 1, 2. To make health care and medicinal facilities available to the people are now major concern of the world. Due to the toxic and adverse effect of synthetic medicine being observed round the globe, herbal medicine has made a comeback to improve the fulfillment of our present and future health need. Besides, herbal medicine can cope with the present economic conditions of our
Eur. J. Biomedical & Pharm. Sci., , 2018
Genomic DNA extraction is an important aspect of plant molecular biological research. The objecti... more Genomic DNA extraction is an important aspect of plant molecular biological research. The objective of the study was to recommend the cheap and efficient genomic DNA extraction method for some economically important fruit species of Sri Lanka. The modified plant genomic DNA extraction methods explained bydrupe, pome, hespiridium, pepo and complex fruits extraction kit (Qiagen) method were applied with nine different fruit species such as Carica papaya (Papaya), Musa aouminata (Banana), Scolytus unipinosus (Grape), Psidium guajava (Guava), Malus angustifolia (Apple), Citrus aurantiam (Orange), Manilk arazapota (Whitelead), Pyrus commonis (Pear), Anaras conassus (Pineapple).Based on the quantity of the extracted genomic DNA tested by measuring the absorbance at 260 nm using Nanodrop® ND-1000 spectrophotometer, quality determined by the ratio of A260 / A280 and the amplifiable quality of DNA determined by the horizontal agarose gel electrophoresis using 1% agarose in TBE buffer at constant voltage of 60V, the method explained by Cheng et al and the Genomic DNA extraction kit yielded good quality DNA with satisfactory concentration for all the fruit species tested. Therefore the modified method of Cheng et al, 1987 could be recommended for the efficient and cost effective DNA extraction from fruit species instead of the commercially available expensive and chemically hazardous DNA easy plant kit method.
World J. Sci. Engineering
This study was carried out to explore potential antibacterial, antioxidant, antiinflammatory and ... more This study was carried out to explore potential antibacterial, antioxidant, antiinflammatory and thrombolytic effects of Catharantus roseus (Nayantara) by in-vitro methods and cytotoxic effect by in-vivo method. The methanol extracts of shoots showed potent antibacterial activity against various bacteria with zone of inhibition ranging from 10 mm-24 mm. The presence of bioactive components such as alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides and steroids in C. roseus was confirmed. The highest phenolic content 40.0 mg of GAE/gm was found to be present in ethyl acetate soluble fraction (ESF). The antioxidant potential evaluated by DPPH free radical scavenging assay indicated that ESF showed highest activity (IC50 value 34.39 g/ml). The anti-inflammatory effect in term of RBC membrane stabilization was found to be 67.2% and 41.8% induced by hypotonic solution and heat, respectively for ESF. While chloroform soluble fraction (CSF) stabilized the human RBC membrane 60% and 46.9% induced by hypotonic solution and heat, respectively. Moreover, this plant showed potent thrombolytic effect with highest value 58.81% in ESF in comparison to 63.34% for streptokinase by in-vitro method. In addition, the cytotoxicity studies against brine shrimp indicated that cytotoxic effect exerted by this plant (LC50=20.0 g/ml) was stronger compared to standard ampicillin trihydrate (LC50=22.18 g/ml). These experimental results suggested that methanol extractives of C. roseus had potent therapeutic values due to the presence of phenolic, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective and cytotoxic agents.
World J. Sci. Engineering, 2017
s α-N-Acetylgalactosaminidase [α-GalNAcase, EC 3.2.1.49] which cleaves terminal α-Nacetylgalactos... more s α-N-Acetylgalactosaminidase [α-GalNAcase, EC 3.2.1.49] which cleaves terminal α-Nacetylgalactosaminyl moiety from various glycoconjugates, is a glycosidase enzyme. Digestive organ of starfish found to contain two α-GalNAcases, α-GalNAcase I and α-GalNAcase II having molecular mass 47.13 kDa and 42.77 kDa, respectively on SDS-PAGE. The substrate specificities of purified α-GalNAcase I and II from starfish were studied against various natural substrates. α-GalNAcase enzyme released terminal Nacetylgalactosamine from examined substrates such as N-acetylgalactosamine-α1-Oserine and blood group A type trisaccharide. On the other hand, oligosaccharides containing terminal α-galactosyl group, ceramide trihexoside and blood group B type trisaccharide were hydrolyzed by α-GalNAcase I but not by α-GalNAcase II. Although α-GalNAcase II activity was strongly inhibited by Ag + and Hg +2 ions, α-GalNAcase I activity was not so much inhibited. Specific monoclonal antibody similarly potentiates both the α-galactosidase and α-GalNAcase activities of α-GalNAcase I D-Nacetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) is the specific inhibitor of α-GalNAcase enzyme and potentially inhibited both α-galactosidase and α-GalNAcase activities of α-GalNAcase I. Therefore, α-GalNAcase I had dual activities but α-GalNAcase II was devoid of αgalactosidase activity. The enzymatic hydrolysis of natural substrates was measured by a convenient aminopyridine derivatization method which was very effective to measure the released monosaccharide in the pmol limit from various hydrolytic reaction mixtures of glycoproteins and glycolipids.
J. Sci. Res., , 2017
The objective of this study was to purify and characterize the alpha-Nacetylgalactosaminidase (α-... more The objective of this study was to purify and characterize the alpha-Nacetylgalactosaminidase (α-GalNAcase) from hilsha fish, Hilsha ilisha. Digestive organ of hilsha fish was found to contain a large amount of α-GalNAcase in compared with the other tissues examined. α-GalNAcase was purified from the crude extract of hilsha fish by ammonium sulphate precipitation, Sephadex G-200 gel filtration, and SP-Sephadex C-50 column chromatography. The purified enzyme gave a single band on sodium dodecylsulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and exhibited a molecular mass of 48 kDa. The final preparation of α-GalNAcase showed 3.02% α-galactosidase activity. The enzyme had an optimum pH of 4.0 and was found to be quiet heat stable at 37C. Inhibition studies with metal ions demonstrated that the enzyme was highly inhibited by silver and mercury ions. Both N-acetylgalactosamine and galactose affect the enzyme activity. Kinetic studies with the enzyme showed that the K M value for p-nitrophenyl-α-Nacetylgalactosaminide substrate was 3.31 mM and the Vmax value was 35.04 unit/mg.
J. Pharmacog. Phytochem. , 2017
In this present study, the leaf extracts of Coccinia grandis L., were subjected to evaluation of ... more In this present study, the leaf extracts of Coccinia grandis L., were subjected to evaluation of the phytochemical screenings, thrombolytic, membrane stabilizing, antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity. The ethanol extract showed 43.71% clot lysis as compared to 65.16% clot lysis produced by standard streptokinase. In vitro membrane stabilizing activity for hypotonic solution and heat induced haemolysis the ethanol extract inhibited 79.53% and 90.30% haemolysis of RBCs as compared to 71.90% and 77.20% produced by acetyl salicylic acid respectively. In vitro antioxidant activity revealed that the ethanol extracts of C. grandis exhibited significant antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 1.15 g/ml in comparison with the standard 5.80 g/ml. Leave extracts of Coccinia grandis L. revealed moderate antimicrobial activity against some gram positive and gram negative microorganisms. Leave extracts showed strong inhibitory effect on brine shrimp lethality with LC50 at 24.20 μg/ml.
BMC Biochemistry, 2017
Background: The marine invertebrate starfish was found to contain a novel α-N-acetylgalactosamini... more Background: The marine invertebrate starfish was found to contain a novel α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase, α-GalNAcase II, which catalyzes removal of terminal α-N-acetylgalactosamine (α-GalNAc), in addition to a typical α-Nacetylgalactosaminidase, α-GalNAcase I, which catalyzes removal of terminal α-N-acetylgalactosamine (α-GalNAc) and, to a lesser extent, galactose. The interrelationship between α-GalNAcase I and α-GalNAcase II and the molecular basis of their differences in substrate specificity remain unknown. Results: Chemical and structural comparisons between α-GalNAcase I and II using immunostaining, N-terminal amino acid sequencing and peptide analysis showed high homology to each other and also to other glycoside hydrolase family (GHF) 27 members. The amino acid sequence of peptides showed conserved residues at the active site as seen in typical α-GalNAcase. Some substitutions of conserved amino acid residues were found in α-GalNAcase II that were located near catalytic site. Among them G171 and A173, in place of C171 and W173, respectively in α-GalNAcase were identified to be responsible for lacking intrinsic α-galactosidase activity of α-GalNAcase II. Chemical modifications supported the presence of serine, aspartate and tryptophan as active site residues. Two tryptophan residues (W16 and W173) were involved in α-galactosidase activity, and one (W16) of them was involved in α-GalNAcase activity. Conclusions: The results suggested that α-GalNAcase I and II are closely related with respect to primary and higher order structure and that their structural differences are responsible for difference in substrate specificities.
Present study aspires at the design of an immediate release formulation with prospective use of f... more Present study aspires at the design of an immediate release formulation with prospective use of fexofenadine hydrochloride by exploring the effect of sodium starch glycolate as super disintegrant. Fexofenadine hydrochloride immediate release tablets (Formulations F-1, F-2, F-3, F-4 and F-5) using different ratios of sodium starch glycolate as a disintegrant were prepared by direct compression method. Standard physicochemical tests were performed for all the formulations. Dissolution studies of the formulations were done in phosphate buffer, pH 6.8 using USP apparatus II (paddle apparatus) at 50 rpm. Percent release of fexofenadine hydrochloride of formulations F-1, F-2, F-3, F-4 and F-5 were 89.98%, 90.98%, 92.95, 96.92% and 99.85%, respectively after 1 h and the release pattern followed the zero order kinetics. The release rate in the formulation F-5 was higher compared to other formulations and the studied market products. Sodium starch glycolate speed up the release of the drug from the core tablets, and the release of fexofenadine hydrochloride from tablets was directly proportional to the amount of sodium starch glycolate present in the formulations and there by produced immediate action.
World J. Sci. Engineering, , 2016
The stem and root of Adhatoda vasica plant were collected, washed, dried and pulverized into powd... more The stem and root of Adhatoda vasica plant were collected, washed, dried and pulverized into powder and subjected to evaluate antibacterial, thrombolytic and membrane stabilizing activities. The methanol extract of stem and root showed positive phytochemical test for glycosides, steroids, alkaloids and flavonoids. The extractives of stem and root exhibited antibacterial activities with zone of inhibition ranging from 10-28 mm against test bacteria. The chloroform and ethyl acetate soluble fractions revealed thrombolytic activity with clot lysis value of 36.42±0.16% and 42.63±0.28%, respectively for stem extractives and 40.34±0.25% and 46.48±0.28%, respectively for root extractives as compared to 63.52±0.86% for standard streptokinase. Moreover, in hypotonic solution and heat induced condition the ethyl acetate soluble fractions inhibited haemolysis of human RBC by 60.61±0.36% and 22.4±0.24%, respectively from stem extractives and 64.5±0.68% and 24.8±0.31%, respectively from root extractives as compared to 70.5±0.54% and 40.8±0.21%, respectively for acetyl salicylic acid. Overall, the effects produced by root extractives were much more active than that of stem extractives in the experimental conditions used in this study.
World J. Sci. Engineering, , 2016
The study aims at the design of a sustained release dosage form for potential use of aspirin whic... more The study aims at the design of a sustained release dosage form for potential use of aspirin which is currently used as the cardiotonic, analgesic, antipyretic and antiinflammatory agent to investigate the effect of polymers on the release pattern from tablets. Ethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose-K15 MCR polymers had been used in the formulation of sustained release tablets which were prepared by direct compression method. Drug release study was evaluated for 8 hrs in 50 mM phosphate buffer, pH 6.8 at 50 rpm. Standard physicochemical tests were performed for all the formulations. Formulation F-3 and F-6 showed remarkable hardness 13.85±0.029 and 19.78±0.040 Kg/cm 2 , respectively. The other parameters such as friability (0.114-0.214%), diameter (13.02-13.24 mm) and thickness (2.07-2.26 mm) were found to be remarkably reliable. The weight variations (349-352 mg) were reliable and somewhat standardized at approximately 350 mg. The potency of all the formulations was found about 100±0.50%. All the tested parameters were acceptable and complimentary with inhouse specifications. Release profile indicates that at the end of 8 hrs, formulation F-1 tablets released 98.7% while formulation F-3 and F-6 released 89.64% and 83.21%, respectively showing a more sustained action with the increase of polymer concentration.
World J. Scie. En, 2016
Cold methanol extract of stem and root of Adhatoda vasica fractionated with pet-ether, chloroform... more Cold methanol extract of stem and root of Adhatoda vasica fractionated with pet-ether, chloroform and ethyl acetate and were subjected to evaluate antioxidant, cytotoxic, sedative and anti-diuretic activity. The total phenolic contents were highest in ethyl acetate soluble fraction in both stem (28.04±0.63 mg of GAE/gm) and root (31.25±0.75 mg of GAE/gm). The ethyl acetate soluble fraction exhibited highest reducing activity towards 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical with IC 50 values of 38.37±0.82 µg/ml and 27.67±0.44 µg/ml for stem and root, respectively. Moreover, this fraction also revealed highest cytotoxic effect having LC 50 values of 14.49±0.32 µg/ml and 12.91±0.42 µg/ml for stem and root, respectively. In in-vivo studies, all fractions showed mild to moderate sedative and anti-diuretic activities. Over all, the effects produced by root extractives were more active than that of stem extractives in the experimental conditions used in this study.
South Asian J. Popul. Health, , 2016
Hilsha fish liver was collected, homogenized and remove large molecular contaminant protein by su... more Hilsha fish liver was collected, homogenized and remove large molecular contaminant protein by successive ammonium sulphate precipitation. Finally at 40 to 70% ammonium sulphate precipitation, -galactosidase enzyme was precipitated and collected. About 97.4 unit of -galactosidase with specific activity 0.42 unit/mg containing 232 mg of proteins was partially purified from 160 gm hilsha fish liver. Sodium citrate and sodium phosphate buffers are suitable for analysis of this enzyme. The enzyme was most active at optimum pH 3.5 and stable in the pH range 2.8 to 5.0. On heat stability studies, 70% activity retained on heating at 37°C for one hour. The α-galactosidase activity was inhibited by AgNO3, HgCl2, EDTA and galactose. The KM and Vmax of α-galactosidase enzyme was determined as 0.5642 mM and 3.487 unit/ml, respectively for pNP-α-galactoside substrate. In the dose dependant activity; it was observed that at low enzyme concentration activity was increased linearly but at high dose activity gradually slowed down. It indicates the saturation kinetics of enzyme. Not only synthetic substrate, natural oligosaccharide melibiose (Ga-α16Glc) also hydrolyzed by αgalactosidase. The purified -galactosidase is very much important for biotechnological, medical and industrial applications and in the replacement therapy of Fabry disease.
South Asian J. Popul. Health, , 2016
Medicines play an important role in treating many ill health and diseases. But when they are no l... more Medicines play an important role in treating many ill health and diseases. But when they are no longer needed, it's important to dispose them properly to help reduce harm from accidental exposure or intentional misuse so that any harmful effects to others are avoided. So it is essential for every individual to practice and have knowledge about disposal of unused medications. Lack of knowledge especially in this aspect may lead to dangerous environmental pollution and which in turn would lead to immediate health hazard to present and coming future generations. There was an educational and cross-sectional survey involving with respondents on structured and multiple choice questions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the understanding, student's awareness and manners to develop about harmful effects of medication's waste. The study was first conducted on 310 students of World University of Bangladesh (WUB) covering all year of study (year 1year 4). Question papers were distributed accordingly into four different years of study which consisted of 11 structure questionnaires and multiple choices. However, only 290 science students had completed the survey form. So among 310 respondents, 93.55% had simple idea about these articles, whereas 6.45% had no idea at all. Of the 290 students, only 36.3% of the respondent knew about 'medication's waste'. About 58.24% of the participants reported that liquid medication waste wasdisposed of in the domestic water systems via down the sink and toilet. Almost 72.55% of them stated that the solid dosage form disposed through household rubbish. Ultimately all dosage forms ends up in a landfill. Whereas only 3% liquid, 9% solid (tablet/capsule) andless than 1% semisolid dosage form (cream/ointment) were returned to the pharmacies. This survey suggests that the public awareness and dispensing policies needs to be developed for safe disposal practice of unused medications.
JNU J. Life and Earth Sci.,, 2016
Antibacterial activities of different fractions of the ethanol extracts of of Laportea interrupta... more Antibacterial activities of different fractions of the ethanol extracts of of Laportea interrupta against Gram +ve (Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Sarcina lutea) and Gram-ve (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysenteriae, Vibrio mimicus and Vibrio parahemolyticus) bacteria were determined by disc diffusion techniques. Antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay. Phytochemical study revealed the presence of different components. The fractionates showed potential antibacterial and DPPH free radical scavenging activities. DPPH scavenging activity was compared with ascorbic acid. IC50 values of the extractives from L. interrupta were found to be 2.265 μg/ml, 2.70 μg/ml, 4.8 μg/ml, 1.711 μg/ml and 1.069 μg/ml for EE, CTF, AF, CF and PEF, respectively in comparison to 3.22 μg/ml for ascorbic acid. Among the extractives pet-ether and chloroform soluble fractions showed highest (IC50 = 1.069 μg/ml and 1.711 μg/ml) free radical scavenging activity.
Pharmacology online, 2015
Spondiasis pinanata is a medicinal herb belonging to the family of Anacardiaceae, also known as w... more Spondiasis pinanata is a medicinal herb belonging to the family of Anacardiaceae, also known as wild mango, hog-plum which has a history of ethnomedicinal properties. The crude ethanolic extract and its different partitionates of the leaves of S. Pinanata were evaluated for its possible thrombolytic and anti-inflammatory activities. The activities of the leaf extract were evaluated by using standard drugs; Streptokinase (SK), used for thrombolytic activity, and acetyl salicylic acid (ASA), for anti-inflammatory activity. In this study, SK showed 69.23%, the ethanolic soluble fraction of leaves (ESF) 43.28%, n-Hexane soluble fraction (HXSF) 58.06%, chloroform soluble fraction (CSF) 27.66% and aqueous soluble fraction (AQSF) 22.81% activity against thrombosis. For human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization, ASA and leaves extractives soluble fractionates significantly inhibits the haemolysis of HRBC membrane which was induced by hypnotic solutions, with their inhibition results of ASA(81.90±29%), AQSF (33.49±0.51%), ESF(58.23±0.64%), CSF(49.66±0.77%), HXSF(70.35±0.50%) respectively. While, ASA and leaves extractives soluble fractionates protected significantly heat-induced lysis of human red blood cell membrane, with their values of ASP being (74.12±0.26%), AQSF (30.34±0.42%), ESF (51.53±0.61%), CSF (46.22±0.57%), HXSF (61.11±0.69%) respectively. Hence, the results of the present study revealed that the traditional uses of this plant leaves is a remedy for thrombosis and unstable blood red cell membrane.
J. Biomed. Pharm. Res., , 2013
Medicines play an important role in treating many conditions and diseases, but when they are no l... more Medicines play an important role in treating many conditions and diseases, but when they are no longer needed it's important to dispose of them properly to avoid harm to others, so knowledge and practice of unused medications is essential to our community. Lack of knowledge especially in this aspect may lead to dangerous environmental pollution and which in turn would lead to immediate health hazard to present and coming future generations. This was an educational and cross-sectional survey involving with respondents on a structured and multiple choice questions like: 'Why people do not use all of their medications?', 'Why do they keep unused medications?', 'Storage and how to dispose their medications' etc. The aim of this study was to evaluate the understanding, public awareness and manners to develop about harmful effects of medication's waste. The study was done on 310 pharmacy students of World University of Bangladesh (WUB) and Gono Bishwabidyalay (GB) covering all year of study (year 1year 4). Question papers were distributed accordingly into four different years of study which consist of 11stucture questionnaires and options. However, only 290 pharmacy students had completed the survey form. Among 310 respondents 95.55% had idea on these articles where as 4.45% had no idea. Although, 37% of the respondent knew about 'medication's waste' but about 3.1% of the respondents, who ''follow drug-take-back system' because of above 96.2% of the respondents, who did not know about 'drug-take-back system'. Most of the participants reported disposing of liquid medication waste in such a way that leads to their ending up in a landfill which is about 58%. Finally, 73% of solid dosage form also ends up in a landfill. This survey suggests that there is an urgent needs to develop of public awareness and there is also need to develop dispensing policies and delivered to collection bag which deduction the volume of medication waste.
Int. J. Pharm. Teach. Pract.,, 2013
The practice of traditional medicine in Bangladesh has flourished tremendously in the recent year... more The practice of traditional medicine in Bangladesh has flourished tremendously in the recent years along with that of modern medicine. Different forms of Traditional medicines (TM) are being used in this country as an essential means of treatment of diseases and management of various health problems from time immemorial. The aim of this study is to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, perception and awareness on TM usage of pharmacy students of World University of Bangladesh (WUB). The study was done on 91 pharmacy students covering all year of study (year 1-4). The questionnaires (which were article related) were distributed accordingly among four different years of study. Finally 79 pharmacy students completed the survey form (questionnaires). Overall, the final year students responded well in all three sections of knowledge, perception and attitude and obtained the highest mean score in all the categories. Among the three sections, perception showed the highest overall mean (7.18) along with moderate mean for knowledge (5.47) and attitude (5.38).Into the bargain, 39.7% (agree) and 15.5% (strongly agree) of students are interested in taking TM course. Pharmacy students in WUB have a limited knowledge on TM but a positive approach on perception and attitude towards TM.
Natural Product Research, 2018
The key purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the thrombo-lytic, antioxidant, membrane stabi... more The key purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the thrombo-lytic, antioxidant, membrane stabilizing and antimicrobial potentials of crude ethanol extracts (CEE) of whole plant, organic andaqueous soluble fractions (OF & AQSF). CEE showed the highest(44.63%) clot lysis activity compared to streptokinase (64.35%). InDPPH study, petroleum ether soluble fraction (PSF) has exhibitedIC50 of 18.83lg/mL while the standard ascorbic acid was 2.48mg/mL. AQSF profoundly inhibited the lysis of erythrocytes (66.20%)which was insignificantly different (p>0.05) to acetylsalicylic acid(71.98%), the reference. However, AQSF showed a significantlystronger level of protection against heat-induced hemolysis(64.80%) as compared with the acetylsalicylic acid (78.90%). CEE,OF and AQSF have displayed reasonable growth of inhibition oftested bacteria compared to negative control and standard drug(77.50mg of GAE/g).
Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, 2012
Chromatographic purification and spectroscopic analysis of the constituents from the stem extrac... more Chromatographic purification and spectroscopic analysis of the constituents from the stem extract of Ipomoea turpethum L. reported 22, 23-dihydro-?-spinasteryl-?-D glucoside (H-1) in addition to salicylic acid and N-p-comaryltyramine. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis including 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR, 1H-1H COSY, 1H-13C COSY, HMQC, HMBC, UV and IR spectroscopy. 22, 23-dihydro-?-spinasteryl-?-D-glucoside is first reported from Ipomoea turpethum. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v36i1.10906 Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 36, No. 1, 13-17, 2012
PeerJ, 2019
BackgroundPlants belonging to the genusTerminaliasuch asTerminalia belliricaandTerminalia sericea... more BackgroundPlants belonging to the genusTerminaliasuch asTerminalia belliricaandTerminalia sericeaare used traditionally to treat several diseases and health disorders. Up to this date, the roots ofTerminalia sericeaand the fruits ofTerminalia belliricaare the mostly studied plant parts. The phytochemical composition and the biological activities of the leaves of both species are not well identified so far.MethodsThe secondary metabolites ofTerminalia belliricaandTerminalia sericealeaves were identified using HPLC-PDA-MS/MS. The antioxidant activities of the leaves extracts were determined by DPPH and FRAP assays. The hepatoprotective potential was evaluated in rats with D-galactosamine induced liver damage. The effect of the extracts on the expression of the anti-apoptotic marker Bcl-2 was measured in an immunohistochemical study. The most abundant compounds identified in the studied extracts were docked into Bcl-2: Bim (BH3) interaction surface using molecular operating environment...
The stem and root of Adhatoda vasica plant were collected, washed, dried and pulverized into powd... more The stem and root of Adhatoda vasica plant were collected, washed, dried and pulverized into powder and subjected to evaluate antibacterial, thrombolytic and membrane stabilizing activities. The methanol extract of stem and root showed positive phytochemical test for glycosides, steroids, alkaloids and flavonoids. The extractives of stem and root exhibited antibacterial activities with zone of inhibition ranging from 10-28 mm against test bacteria. The chloroform and ethyl acetate soluble fractions revealed thrombolytic activity with clot lysis value of 36.42±0.16% and 42.63±0.28%, respectively for stem extractives and 40.34±0.25% and 46.48±0.28%, respectively for root extractives as compared to 63.52±0.86% for standard streptokinase. Moreover, in hypotonic solution and heat induced condition the ethyl acetate soluble fractions inhibited haemolysis of human RBC by 60.61±0.36% and 22.4±0.24%, respectively from stem extractives and 64.5±0.68% and 24.8±0.31%, respectively from root extractives as compared to 70.5±0.54% and 40.8±0.21%, respectively for acetyl salicylic acid. Overall, the effects produced by root extractives were much more active than that of stem extractives in the experimental conditions used in this study. Introduction Medicinal plants are the blessings for any country which contribute a lot for traditional health management to provide important compound for drug discovery. Bangladesh has an unbroken tradition of the use of plants in indigenous medicines and a number of Bangladeshi plants have much folk reputation against infectious diseases caused by microorganisms 1, 2. To make health care and medicinal facilities available to the people are now major concern of the world. Due to the toxic and adverse effect of synthetic medicine being observed round the globe, herbal medicine has made a comeback to improve the fulfillment of our present and future health need. Besides, herbal medicine can cope with the present economic conditions of our
Eur. J. Biomedical & Pharm. Sci., , 2018
Genomic DNA extraction is an important aspect of plant molecular biological research. The objecti... more Genomic DNA extraction is an important aspect of plant molecular biological research. The objective of the study was to recommend the cheap and efficient genomic DNA extraction method for some economically important fruit species of Sri Lanka. The modified plant genomic DNA extraction methods explained bydrupe, pome, hespiridium, pepo and complex fruits extraction kit (Qiagen) method were applied with nine different fruit species such as Carica papaya (Papaya), Musa aouminata (Banana), Scolytus unipinosus (Grape), Psidium guajava (Guava), Malus angustifolia (Apple), Citrus aurantiam (Orange), Manilk arazapota (Whitelead), Pyrus commonis (Pear), Anaras conassus (Pineapple).Based on the quantity of the extracted genomic DNA tested by measuring the absorbance at 260 nm using Nanodrop® ND-1000 spectrophotometer, quality determined by the ratio of A260 / A280 and the amplifiable quality of DNA determined by the horizontal agarose gel electrophoresis using 1% agarose in TBE buffer at constant voltage of 60V, the method explained by Cheng et al and the Genomic DNA extraction kit yielded good quality DNA with satisfactory concentration for all the fruit species tested. Therefore the modified method of Cheng et al, 1987 could be recommended for the efficient and cost effective DNA extraction from fruit species instead of the commercially available expensive and chemically hazardous DNA easy plant kit method.
World J. Sci. Engineering
This study was carried out to explore potential antibacterial, antioxidant, antiinflammatory and ... more This study was carried out to explore potential antibacterial, antioxidant, antiinflammatory and thrombolytic effects of Catharantus roseus (Nayantara) by in-vitro methods and cytotoxic effect by in-vivo method. The methanol extracts of shoots showed potent antibacterial activity against various bacteria with zone of inhibition ranging from 10 mm-24 mm. The presence of bioactive components such as alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides and steroids in C. roseus was confirmed. The highest phenolic content 40.0 mg of GAE/gm was found to be present in ethyl acetate soluble fraction (ESF). The antioxidant potential evaluated by DPPH free radical scavenging assay indicated that ESF showed highest activity (IC50 value 34.39 g/ml). The anti-inflammatory effect in term of RBC membrane stabilization was found to be 67.2% and 41.8% induced by hypotonic solution and heat, respectively for ESF. While chloroform soluble fraction (CSF) stabilized the human RBC membrane 60% and 46.9% induced by hypotonic solution and heat, respectively. Moreover, this plant showed potent thrombolytic effect with highest value 58.81% in ESF in comparison to 63.34% for streptokinase by in-vitro method. In addition, the cytotoxicity studies against brine shrimp indicated that cytotoxic effect exerted by this plant (LC50=20.0 g/ml) was stronger compared to standard ampicillin trihydrate (LC50=22.18 g/ml). These experimental results suggested that methanol extractives of C. roseus had potent therapeutic values due to the presence of phenolic, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective and cytotoxic agents.
World J. Sci. Engineering, 2017
s α-N-Acetylgalactosaminidase [α-GalNAcase, EC 3.2.1.49] which cleaves terminal α-Nacetylgalactos... more s α-N-Acetylgalactosaminidase [α-GalNAcase, EC 3.2.1.49] which cleaves terminal α-Nacetylgalactosaminyl moiety from various glycoconjugates, is a glycosidase enzyme. Digestive organ of starfish found to contain two α-GalNAcases, α-GalNAcase I and α-GalNAcase II having molecular mass 47.13 kDa and 42.77 kDa, respectively on SDS-PAGE. The substrate specificities of purified α-GalNAcase I and II from starfish were studied against various natural substrates. α-GalNAcase enzyme released terminal Nacetylgalactosamine from examined substrates such as N-acetylgalactosamine-α1-Oserine and blood group A type trisaccharide. On the other hand, oligosaccharides containing terminal α-galactosyl group, ceramide trihexoside and blood group B type trisaccharide were hydrolyzed by α-GalNAcase I but not by α-GalNAcase II. Although α-GalNAcase II activity was strongly inhibited by Ag + and Hg +2 ions, α-GalNAcase I activity was not so much inhibited. Specific monoclonal antibody similarly potentiates both the α-galactosidase and α-GalNAcase activities of α-GalNAcase I D-Nacetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) is the specific inhibitor of α-GalNAcase enzyme and potentially inhibited both α-galactosidase and α-GalNAcase activities of α-GalNAcase I. Therefore, α-GalNAcase I had dual activities but α-GalNAcase II was devoid of αgalactosidase activity. The enzymatic hydrolysis of natural substrates was measured by a convenient aminopyridine derivatization method which was very effective to measure the released monosaccharide in the pmol limit from various hydrolytic reaction mixtures of glycoproteins and glycolipids.
J. Sci. Res., , 2017
The objective of this study was to purify and characterize the alpha-Nacetylgalactosaminidase (α-... more The objective of this study was to purify and characterize the alpha-Nacetylgalactosaminidase (α-GalNAcase) from hilsha fish, Hilsha ilisha. Digestive organ of hilsha fish was found to contain a large amount of α-GalNAcase in compared with the other tissues examined. α-GalNAcase was purified from the crude extract of hilsha fish by ammonium sulphate precipitation, Sephadex G-200 gel filtration, and SP-Sephadex C-50 column chromatography. The purified enzyme gave a single band on sodium dodecylsulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and exhibited a molecular mass of 48 kDa. The final preparation of α-GalNAcase showed 3.02% α-galactosidase activity. The enzyme had an optimum pH of 4.0 and was found to be quiet heat stable at 37C. Inhibition studies with metal ions demonstrated that the enzyme was highly inhibited by silver and mercury ions. Both N-acetylgalactosamine and galactose affect the enzyme activity. Kinetic studies with the enzyme showed that the K M value for p-nitrophenyl-α-Nacetylgalactosaminide substrate was 3.31 mM and the Vmax value was 35.04 unit/mg.
J. Pharmacog. Phytochem. , 2017
In this present study, the leaf extracts of Coccinia grandis L., were subjected to evaluation of ... more In this present study, the leaf extracts of Coccinia grandis L., were subjected to evaluation of the phytochemical screenings, thrombolytic, membrane stabilizing, antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity. The ethanol extract showed 43.71% clot lysis as compared to 65.16% clot lysis produced by standard streptokinase. In vitro membrane stabilizing activity for hypotonic solution and heat induced haemolysis the ethanol extract inhibited 79.53% and 90.30% haemolysis of RBCs as compared to 71.90% and 77.20% produced by acetyl salicylic acid respectively. In vitro antioxidant activity revealed that the ethanol extracts of C. grandis exhibited significant antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 1.15 g/ml in comparison with the standard 5.80 g/ml. Leave extracts of Coccinia grandis L. revealed moderate antimicrobial activity against some gram positive and gram negative microorganisms. Leave extracts showed strong inhibitory effect on brine shrimp lethality with LC50 at 24.20 μg/ml.
BMC Biochemistry, 2017
Background: The marine invertebrate starfish was found to contain a novel α-N-acetylgalactosamini... more Background: The marine invertebrate starfish was found to contain a novel α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase, α-GalNAcase II, which catalyzes removal of terminal α-N-acetylgalactosamine (α-GalNAc), in addition to a typical α-Nacetylgalactosaminidase, α-GalNAcase I, which catalyzes removal of terminal α-N-acetylgalactosamine (α-GalNAc) and, to a lesser extent, galactose. The interrelationship between α-GalNAcase I and α-GalNAcase II and the molecular basis of their differences in substrate specificity remain unknown. Results: Chemical and structural comparisons between α-GalNAcase I and II using immunostaining, N-terminal amino acid sequencing and peptide analysis showed high homology to each other and also to other glycoside hydrolase family (GHF) 27 members. The amino acid sequence of peptides showed conserved residues at the active site as seen in typical α-GalNAcase. Some substitutions of conserved amino acid residues were found in α-GalNAcase II that were located near catalytic site. Among them G171 and A173, in place of C171 and W173, respectively in α-GalNAcase were identified to be responsible for lacking intrinsic α-galactosidase activity of α-GalNAcase II. Chemical modifications supported the presence of serine, aspartate and tryptophan as active site residues. Two tryptophan residues (W16 and W173) were involved in α-galactosidase activity, and one (W16) of them was involved in α-GalNAcase activity. Conclusions: The results suggested that α-GalNAcase I and II are closely related with respect to primary and higher order structure and that their structural differences are responsible for difference in substrate specificities.
Present study aspires at the design of an immediate release formulation with prospective use of f... more Present study aspires at the design of an immediate release formulation with prospective use of fexofenadine hydrochloride by exploring the effect of sodium starch glycolate as super disintegrant. Fexofenadine hydrochloride immediate release tablets (Formulations F-1, F-2, F-3, F-4 and F-5) using different ratios of sodium starch glycolate as a disintegrant were prepared by direct compression method. Standard physicochemical tests were performed for all the formulations. Dissolution studies of the formulations were done in phosphate buffer, pH 6.8 using USP apparatus II (paddle apparatus) at 50 rpm. Percent release of fexofenadine hydrochloride of formulations F-1, F-2, F-3, F-4 and F-5 were 89.98%, 90.98%, 92.95, 96.92% and 99.85%, respectively after 1 h and the release pattern followed the zero order kinetics. The release rate in the formulation F-5 was higher compared to other formulations and the studied market products. Sodium starch glycolate speed up the release of the drug from the core tablets, and the release of fexofenadine hydrochloride from tablets was directly proportional to the amount of sodium starch glycolate present in the formulations and there by produced immediate action.
World J. Sci. Engineering, , 2016
The stem and root of Adhatoda vasica plant were collected, washed, dried and pulverized into powd... more The stem and root of Adhatoda vasica plant were collected, washed, dried and pulverized into powder and subjected to evaluate antibacterial, thrombolytic and membrane stabilizing activities. The methanol extract of stem and root showed positive phytochemical test for glycosides, steroids, alkaloids and flavonoids. The extractives of stem and root exhibited antibacterial activities with zone of inhibition ranging from 10-28 mm against test bacteria. The chloroform and ethyl acetate soluble fractions revealed thrombolytic activity with clot lysis value of 36.42±0.16% and 42.63±0.28%, respectively for stem extractives and 40.34±0.25% and 46.48±0.28%, respectively for root extractives as compared to 63.52±0.86% for standard streptokinase. Moreover, in hypotonic solution and heat induced condition the ethyl acetate soluble fractions inhibited haemolysis of human RBC by 60.61±0.36% and 22.4±0.24%, respectively from stem extractives and 64.5±0.68% and 24.8±0.31%, respectively from root extractives as compared to 70.5±0.54% and 40.8±0.21%, respectively for acetyl salicylic acid. Overall, the effects produced by root extractives were much more active than that of stem extractives in the experimental conditions used in this study.
World J. Sci. Engineering, , 2016
The study aims at the design of a sustained release dosage form for potential use of aspirin whic... more The study aims at the design of a sustained release dosage form for potential use of aspirin which is currently used as the cardiotonic, analgesic, antipyretic and antiinflammatory agent to investigate the effect of polymers on the release pattern from tablets. Ethyl cellulose and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose-K15 MCR polymers had been used in the formulation of sustained release tablets which were prepared by direct compression method. Drug release study was evaluated for 8 hrs in 50 mM phosphate buffer, pH 6.8 at 50 rpm. Standard physicochemical tests were performed for all the formulations. Formulation F-3 and F-6 showed remarkable hardness 13.85±0.029 and 19.78±0.040 Kg/cm 2 , respectively. The other parameters such as friability (0.114-0.214%), diameter (13.02-13.24 mm) and thickness (2.07-2.26 mm) were found to be remarkably reliable. The weight variations (349-352 mg) were reliable and somewhat standardized at approximately 350 mg. The potency of all the formulations was found about 100±0.50%. All the tested parameters were acceptable and complimentary with inhouse specifications. Release profile indicates that at the end of 8 hrs, formulation F-1 tablets released 98.7% while formulation F-3 and F-6 released 89.64% and 83.21%, respectively showing a more sustained action with the increase of polymer concentration.
World J. Scie. En, 2016
Cold methanol extract of stem and root of Adhatoda vasica fractionated with pet-ether, chloroform... more Cold methanol extract of stem and root of Adhatoda vasica fractionated with pet-ether, chloroform and ethyl acetate and were subjected to evaluate antioxidant, cytotoxic, sedative and anti-diuretic activity. The total phenolic contents were highest in ethyl acetate soluble fraction in both stem (28.04±0.63 mg of GAE/gm) and root (31.25±0.75 mg of GAE/gm). The ethyl acetate soluble fraction exhibited highest reducing activity towards 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical with IC 50 values of 38.37±0.82 µg/ml and 27.67±0.44 µg/ml for stem and root, respectively. Moreover, this fraction also revealed highest cytotoxic effect having LC 50 values of 14.49±0.32 µg/ml and 12.91±0.42 µg/ml for stem and root, respectively. In in-vivo studies, all fractions showed mild to moderate sedative and anti-diuretic activities. Over all, the effects produced by root extractives were more active than that of stem extractives in the experimental conditions used in this study.
South Asian J. Popul. Health, , 2016
Hilsha fish liver was collected, homogenized and remove large molecular contaminant protein by su... more Hilsha fish liver was collected, homogenized and remove large molecular contaminant protein by successive ammonium sulphate precipitation. Finally at 40 to 70% ammonium sulphate precipitation, -galactosidase enzyme was precipitated and collected. About 97.4 unit of -galactosidase with specific activity 0.42 unit/mg containing 232 mg of proteins was partially purified from 160 gm hilsha fish liver. Sodium citrate and sodium phosphate buffers are suitable for analysis of this enzyme. The enzyme was most active at optimum pH 3.5 and stable in the pH range 2.8 to 5.0. On heat stability studies, 70% activity retained on heating at 37°C for one hour. The α-galactosidase activity was inhibited by AgNO3, HgCl2, EDTA and galactose. The KM and Vmax of α-galactosidase enzyme was determined as 0.5642 mM and 3.487 unit/ml, respectively for pNP-α-galactoside substrate. In the dose dependant activity; it was observed that at low enzyme concentration activity was increased linearly but at high dose activity gradually slowed down. It indicates the saturation kinetics of enzyme. Not only synthetic substrate, natural oligosaccharide melibiose (Ga-α16Glc) also hydrolyzed by αgalactosidase. The purified -galactosidase is very much important for biotechnological, medical and industrial applications and in the replacement therapy of Fabry disease.
South Asian J. Popul. Health, , 2016
Medicines play an important role in treating many ill health and diseases. But when they are no l... more Medicines play an important role in treating many ill health and diseases. But when they are no longer needed, it's important to dispose them properly to help reduce harm from accidental exposure or intentional misuse so that any harmful effects to others are avoided. So it is essential for every individual to practice and have knowledge about disposal of unused medications. Lack of knowledge especially in this aspect may lead to dangerous environmental pollution and which in turn would lead to immediate health hazard to present and coming future generations. There was an educational and cross-sectional survey involving with respondents on structured and multiple choice questions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the understanding, student's awareness and manners to develop about harmful effects of medication's waste. The study was first conducted on 310 students of World University of Bangladesh (WUB) covering all year of study (year 1year 4). Question papers were distributed accordingly into four different years of study which consisted of 11 structure questionnaires and multiple choices. However, only 290 science students had completed the survey form. So among 310 respondents, 93.55% had simple idea about these articles, whereas 6.45% had no idea at all. Of the 290 students, only 36.3% of the respondent knew about 'medication's waste'. About 58.24% of the participants reported that liquid medication waste wasdisposed of in the domestic water systems via down the sink and toilet. Almost 72.55% of them stated that the solid dosage form disposed through household rubbish. Ultimately all dosage forms ends up in a landfill. Whereas only 3% liquid, 9% solid (tablet/capsule) andless than 1% semisolid dosage form (cream/ointment) were returned to the pharmacies. This survey suggests that the public awareness and dispensing policies needs to be developed for safe disposal practice of unused medications.
JNU J. Life and Earth Sci.,, 2016
Antibacterial activities of different fractions of the ethanol extracts of of Laportea interrupta... more Antibacterial activities of different fractions of the ethanol extracts of of Laportea interrupta against Gram +ve (Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Sarcina lutea) and Gram-ve (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysenteriae, Vibrio mimicus and Vibrio parahemolyticus) bacteria were determined by disc diffusion techniques. Antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay. Phytochemical study revealed the presence of different components. The fractionates showed potential antibacterial and DPPH free radical scavenging activities. DPPH scavenging activity was compared with ascorbic acid. IC50 values of the extractives from L. interrupta were found to be 2.265 μg/ml, 2.70 μg/ml, 4.8 μg/ml, 1.711 μg/ml and 1.069 μg/ml for EE, CTF, AF, CF and PEF, respectively in comparison to 3.22 μg/ml for ascorbic acid. Among the extractives pet-ether and chloroform soluble fractions showed highest (IC50 = 1.069 μg/ml and 1.711 μg/ml) free radical scavenging activity.
Pharmacology online, 2015
Spondiasis pinanata is a medicinal herb belonging to the family of Anacardiaceae, also known as w... more Spondiasis pinanata is a medicinal herb belonging to the family of Anacardiaceae, also known as wild mango, hog-plum which has a history of ethnomedicinal properties. The crude ethanolic extract and its different partitionates of the leaves of S. Pinanata were evaluated for its possible thrombolytic and anti-inflammatory activities. The activities of the leaf extract were evaluated by using standard drugs; Streptokinase (SK), used for thrombolytic activity, and acetyl salicylic acid (ASA), for anti-inflammatory activity. In this study, SK showed 69.23%, the ethanolic soluble fraction of leaves (ESF) 43.28%, n-Hexane soluble fraction (HXSF) 58.06%, chloroform soluble fraction (CSF) 27.66% and aqueous soluble fraction (AQSF) 22.81% activity against thrombosis. For human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization, ASA and leaves extractives soluble fractionates significantly inhibits the haemolysis of HRBC membrane which was induced by hypnotic solutions, with their inhibition results of ASA(81.90±29%), AQSF (33.49±0.51%), ESF(58.23±0.64%), CSF(49.66±0.77%), HXSF(70.35±0.50%) respectively. While, ASA and leaves extractives soluble fractionates protected significantly heat-induced lysis of human red blood cell membrane, with their values of ASP being (74.12±0.26%), AQSF (30.34±0.42%), ESF (51.53±0.61%), CSF (46.22±0.57%), HXSF (61.11±0.69%) respectively. Hence, the results of the present study revealed that the traditional uses of this plant leaves is a remedy for thrombosis and unstable blood red cell membrane.
J. Biomed. Pharm. Res., , 2013
Medicines play an important role in treating many conditions and diseases, but when they are no l... more Medicines play an important role in treating many conditions and diseases, but when they are no longer needed it's important to dispose of them properly to avoid harm to others, so knowledge and practice of unused medications is essential to our community. Lack of knowledge especially in this aspect may lead to dangerous environmental pollution and which in turn would lead to immediate health hazard to present and coming future generations. This was an educational and cross-sectional survey involving with respondents on a structured and multiple choice questions like: 'Why people do not use all of their medications?', 'Why do they keep unused medications?', 'Storage and how to dispose their medications' etc. The aim of this study was to evaluate the understanding, public awareness and manners to develop about harmful effects of medication's waste. The study was done on 310 pharmacy students of World University of Bangladesh (WUB) and Gono Bishwabidyalay (GB) covering all year of study (year 1year 4). Question papers were distributed accordingly into four different years of study which consist of 11stucture questionnaires and options. However, only 290 pharmacy students had completed the survey form. Among 310 respondents 95.55% had idea on these articles where as 4.45% had no idea. Although, 37% of the respondent knew about 'medication's waste' but about 3.1% of the respondents, who ''follow drug-take-back system' because of above 96.2% of the respondents, who did not know about 'drug-take-back system'. Most of the participants reported disposing of liquid medication waste in such a way that leads to their ending up in a landfill which is about 58%. Finally, 73% of solid dosage form also ends up in a landfill. This survey suggests that there is an urgent needs to develop of public awareness and there is also need to develop dispensing policies and delivered to collection bag which deduction the volume of medication waste.
Int. J. Pharm. Teach. Pract.,, 2013
The practice of traditional medicine in Bangladesh has flourished tremendously in the recent year... more The practice of traditional medicine in Bangladesh has flourished tremendously in the recent years along with that of modern medicine. Different forms of Traditional medicines (TM) are being used in this country as an essential means of treatment of diseases and management of various health problems from time immemorial. The aim of this study is to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, perception and awareness on TM usage of pharmacy students of World University of Bangladesh (WUB). The study was done on 91 pharmacy students covering all year of study (year 1-4). The questionnaires (which were article related) were distributed accordingly among four different years of study. Finally 79 pharmacy students completed the survey form (questionnaires). Overall, the final year students responded well in all three sections of knowledge, perception and attitude and obtained the highest mean score in all the categories. Among the three sections, perception showed the highest overall mean (7.18) along with moderate mean for knowledge (5.47) and attitude (5.38).Into the bargain, 39.7% (agree) and 15.5% (strongly agree) of students are interested in taking TM course. Pharmacy students in WUB have a limited knowledge on TM but a positive approach on perception and attitude towards TM.