Mia Eeckhout - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Mia Eeckhout

Czech Journal of Food Sciences, 2009

The presence of masked or hidden forms of Fusarium mycotoxins (deoxynivalenol, DON, zearalenone, ... more The presence of masked or hidden forms of Fusarium mycotoxins (deoxynivalenol, DON, zearalenone, ZEN and fumonisins B1, B2 and B3) were studied in wheat and maize derived products. Significant amounts of these forms were found both in raw and in processed food commodities. Deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside was found in wheat products up to 30% of DON concentration. Bound forms of fumonisins often account for an equal or even higher amount in comparison with the free forms.

Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) fingerprint of DNA samples of jejunal content appl... more Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) fingerprint of DNA samples of jejunal content applying community PCR with universal bacterial primers targeting the variable V3 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA (18 animals per group (3 pens/group, 6 animals/pen)). Percentage of similarity between DGGE profiles was analyzed using the Dice similarity coefficient, derived from presence or absence of bands. On the basis of a distance matrix, which was generated from the similarity values, dendrograms were constructed using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic means (UPGMA) as clustering-method. The microbial richness (R) was assessed as the number of OTUs within a profile. Treatment is not reflected by DGGE fingerprint. (A)No difference in number of OTUs was demonstrated. In general, all samples OTUs were located in the medium range of GC-content. (1)The banding-pattern of bird 8, control group, is shifted to the lower GC-range what flags it unique in comparison to the others wh...

Both mycotoxin contamination of feed and Clostridium perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis have ... more Both mycotoxin contamination of feed and Clostridium perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis have an increasing global economic impact on poultry production. Especially the Fusarium mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) is a common feed contaminant. This study aimed at examining the predisposing effect of DON on the development of necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens. An experimental Clostridium perfringens infection study revealed that DON, at a contamination level of 3,000 to 4,000 mg/kg feed, increased the percentage of birds with subclinical necrotic enteritis from 2062.6 % to 4763.0%

motile bacteria). Between the years 2008 and 2012, 140 samples from commercial poultry farms were... more motile bacteria). Between the years 2008 and 2012, 140 samples from commercial poultry farms were collected in order to assay for Salmo nella. Thirty five Salmonella spp. (25%) were isolated from commer cial layers farms. Bacteria were isolated mainly from samples of liver and spleen (71.42%), pools of organs (liver, spleen and ovarian follicles (25.71%) and a lower proportion (2.85%) from drag swabs. Serotype was assigned using Intergenic Sequence Ribotyping (ISR). Sixteen Salmonella Enteritidis (SE), thirteen Salmonella Gallinarum (SG), and seven unique strains were found. Five unique strains were designated as UN0038, and the other two were designated as UN0052 and UN0054. DNA hybridization microarray assigned serovars Isangi, Branderup and Yoruba to the unique ISR sequences, respectively. This is the first report on the characterization of different serotypes of Salmonella pres ent in commercial layer farms in Colombia. The discovery that SE and SG could be isolated in the sa...

International Journal of Food Microbiology, 2021

This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

Toxins, 2021

The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of the crop season, cultivation region, and tradit... more The current study aimed to evaluate the impact of the crop season, cultivation region, and traditional pre- and post-harvest agricultural practices on mycotoxin contamination in the Mekong Delta rice chain of Vietnam. The results showed that aflatoxins (AFs) and fumonisins (FBs) were predominantly detected in both paddy (n = 91/184, 50%) and white rice (n = 9/46, 20%). Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-contaminated paddy samples (n = 3) exceeded the regulatory threshold (5 µg·kg−1). The contamination of paddy with AFs and FBs was not significantly different by growing seasons and cultivation localities. Evidently, in the winter–spring season, fumonisins frequently occurred in paddy planted in Can Tho, while AFs were found in paddy planted in regions Dong Thap and An Giang, and such toxins were absent in Can Tho. Furthermore, the selection of paddy varieties strongly impacted the occurrence of these toxins, especially AFs, for example, line DT8 and Jasmine were susceptible to AFs and FBs. In addit...

Food Control, 2021

The publication output from Indian institutions has been steadily increasing during the last few ... more The publication output from Indian institutions has been steadily increasing during the last few years. This may be attributed to the higher investment in research and also linking the number of publications with career advancement. There is a need to analyse the publication output of Indian institutions in terms of quality of publications. In this study, output in the top 10 percentile, as computed by SciVal (a product of Elsevier), has been used as an indicator of the quality of research output, since it reflects the percentage of an institution's publication in the top 10 percentile of the most cited articles. Out of the 15 subject areas listed in SciVal, 7 contribute to more than 65% of publications from Indian institutions. Accordingly, Indian institutions with output in the top 10 percentile greater than the national average in these 7 major subject areas have been identified to compare their research output in terms of quality.

International Journal of Food Microbiology, 2020

LWT, 2019

The main objectives were to investigate the antifungal effect of lactic (LA) and acetic acid (AA)... more The main objectives were to investigate the antifungal effect of lactic (LA) and acetic acid (AA) and the fermentation quotient (FQ, mol/L ratio of LA over AA) towards Penicillium paneum and Aspergillus niger through growth/no-growth modelling of in-vitro data and to validate its effect in chemically acidified bread by performing challenge tests. Results have shown that AA has strong antifungal activity towards both bread moulds, albeit that P. paneum is ten times more resistant compared to A. niger. Complete growth inhibition of A. niger on chemically acidified bread was observed during 35 days at 21°C for concentrations of AA ≥ 33 mmol/kg dough or ≥165 mmol undissociated AA/L water phase in bread. Whereas for A. niger the FQ must be close to zero and the concentration of AA in bread 33 mmol/kg dough to achieve complete growth inhibition, very high concentrations of AA and LA were needed to prevent growth of P. paneum (> 100 mmol/kg dough). The acids also affected yeast activity in dough resulting in lower specific volumes and harder bread crumb. To conclude, the antifungal activity of the FQ cannot be generalized because its antifungal power depends on the sensitivity of the mould species towards LA and AA.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2019

In Europe, the toxicological safety of genetically modified (GM) crops is routinely evaluated usi... more In Europe, the toxicological safety of genetically modified (GM) crops is routinely evaluated using rodent feeding trials, originally designed for testing oral toxicity of chemical compounds. We aimed to develop and optimize methods for advancing the use of zebrafish feeding trials for the safety evaluation of GM crops, using maize as a case study. In a first step, we evaluated the effect of different maize substitution levels. Our results demonstrate the need for preliminary testing to assess potential feed component-related effects on the overall nutritional balance. Next, since a potential effect of a GM crop should ideally be interpreted relative to the natural response variation (i.e., the range of biological values that is considered normal for a particular endpoint) in order to assess the toxicological relevance, we established natural response variation datasets for various zebrafish endpoints. We applied equivalence testing to calculate threshold equivalence limits (ELs) ba...

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2016

Bertheau/Genetically Modified and Non-Genetically Modified Food Supply Chains: Co-Existence and Traceability, 2012

In this chapter, we analyse the organization of different supply chains and identify sensitive po... more In this chapter, we analyse the organization of different supply chains and identify sensitive points and processes with respect to GMO and non-GMO admixture. We also study traceability measures. The analysis looks at seven commodity supply chains in countries both inside and outside the EU: soybean, maize, sugar beet, rapeseed, wheat, fresh tomato, and potatoes. The empirical analysis of coexistence was derived from supply chain analysis and stakeholder interviews. We briefly outline the methodology and clearly define segregation, identity preservation, and traceability. Strategies to cope with supply chain coexistence can be adapted from existing traceability and segregation systems in other domains. Therefore, we describe and compare several relevant case studies: Flint maize in Argentina, non-GM maize for starch production in France, and soybean production and use in chicken feed in Argentina and Brazil. We discuss different tools and prerequisites, strengths, and weaknesses of the alternate strategies that can be used to cope with coexistence. Furthermore, we highlight the differences between strategies adopted by the food and feed supply chains.

Toxins, 2012

It is recognized that mycotoxins can cause a variety of adverse health effects in animals, includ... more It is recognized that mycotoxins can cause a variety of adverse health effects in animals, including altered gastrointestinal barrier function. It is the aim of the present study to determine whether mycotoxin-contaminated diets can alter the oral bioavailability of the antibiotics doxycycline and paromomycin in pigs, and whether a mycotoxin adsorbing

Veterinary Research, 2012