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Papers by Michael Hutcheon

British composer Benjamin Britten (1913-1976) died at the age of only sixty three , but ill healt... more British composer Benjamin Britten (1913-1976) died at the age of only sixty three , but ill health in his last years parachuted him into what he himself saw as older age and its consequences. His story of challenge and adaptation allows us to examine the particular impact of illness and impairment on the role of productivity in definitions of creativity. Composing was the life blood of this prolific artist, known for his work ethic and professionalism. Though he completed only nine independent works after his operation, the last works stand as some of his best creations. Britten's sense of selfhood depended to a large extent upon this self-identification as an active working composer. While he retained this to the end, his other life narrative had to be abandoned with his sudden entry into older age: that of being ever youthful. His self-fashioning as youthful and his tastes-in food, humor, habits-were formed in boyhood and never changed. Yet, through his letters and creative wo...

European Respiratory Journal, 2021

RationaleThe diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide corrected for haemoglobin (DLCOcor), measures... more RationaleThe diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide corrected for haemoglobin (DLCOcor), measures gas movement across the alveolar-capillary interface. We hypothesised that DLCOcor is a sensitive measure of injurious allograft processes disrupting this interface.ObjectivesTo determine the prognostic significance of the DLCOcor trajectory on chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) and survival.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted of all bilateral lung transplant recipients at a single centre, between Jan-1998 and Jan-2018, with ≥1 DLCOcor measurements. Low baseline DLCOcor was defined as the failure to achieve a DLCOcor >75% predicted. Drops in DLCOcor were defined as >15% below recent baseline.Results1259/1492 lung transplant recipients were included. The median time to peak DLCOcor was 354 (range 181–737) days and the mean %-predicted DLCOcor was 80.2% (sd 21.2). Multivariable analysis demonstrated that low baseline DLCOcor was significantly associated with death (...

The American review of respiratory disease, 1981

This report describes a patient with primary alveolar hypoventilation who, after 2 yr of successf... more This report describes a patient with primary alveolar hypoventilation who, after 2 yr of successful treatment with nocturnal oxygen, developed severe hypoxemia and hypercapnia during sleep, morning headaches, and daytime fatigue. Sleep studies demonstrated prolonged periods of hypoventilation and apnea without evidence of upper airway occlusion. Therefore, a phrenic nerve stimulator was implanted to allow pacing of the diaphragm during sleep. However, diaphragm pacing was accompanied by paradoxical movement of the rib cage and upper airway occlusion during sleep, and was unsuccessful in maintaining adequate ventilation. Therefore, the patient underwent a tracheostomy after which diaphragm pacing maintained adequate nocturnal ventilation; however, paradoxical movement of the rib cage persisted. The induction of upper airway occlusion as a result of diaphragm pacing, in contrast to the absence of occlusion during spontaneous breathing, highlights the importance of the normal temporal ...

The American review of respiratory disease, 2015

The response of maximal expired flow, breathing a mixture of 80 per cent helium and 20 per cent o... more The response of maximal expired flow, breathing a mixture of 80 per cent helium and 20 per cent oxygen, was analyzed in 18 nonsmokers and 17 smokers. The volume in which flow was the same with air and with the 80 per cent helium and 20 per cent oxygen mixture, the volume of isoflow, was measured and compared to routine pulmonary function tests, closing capacity, and flow-volume curves in air. The volume of isoflow was found to separate the 2 groups best. Comparison of a spirometer and plethysmograph with different periods of time breathing the helium mixture revealed that spirometry after 3 vital capacity inspirations maintained the sensitivity of separation of the groups, and, thus, this method is practical for mass screening.

The American review of respiratory disease, 1979

We compared respiratory variables in 441 grain elevator workers with 180 civic outside laborers i... more We compared respiratory variables in 441 grain elevator workers with 180 civic outside laborers in Thunder Bay. The grain handlers had a lower frequency of both positive skin reactions to pollens and molds and a family history of asthma, which suggests that they may have been self-selected for a decreased tendency to develop allergic respiratory disease. There was a higher frequency of cough and rales and a small decrease in forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in one sec among the grain handlers, as compared to the civic workers matched for smoking. However, these differences between grain and nongrain workers were small in comparison to those between smokers and nonsmokers. There was no clear indication of a worsening of respiratory functions that could be attributed specifically to duration of employment as a grain elevator worker.

The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation, 2019

Results: Quantitative RT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining showed that the two MMP-2 isoforms s... more Results: Quantitative RT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining showed that the two MMP-2 isoforms strongly induced by high glucose stimulation were attenuated by atorvastatin treatment in H9C2 cells. Although no definite histologic features of diabetic cardiomyopathy were observed in diabetic mice, left ventricular systolic dysfunction observed in diabetic heart was also normalized by atorvastatin treatment by echocardiographic evaluation. These findings accompanied reduced TUNEL staining and mitochondrial morphological change in atorvastatin treated diabetic group. Quantitative RT-PCR and IHC staining showed this abnormal cardiac function was accompanied with the increases in the mRNA levels of the two isoforms of MMP-2 and attenuated with atorvastatin treatment Conclusion: Atorvastatin attenuated deterioration of cardiac dysfunction induced by diabetic condition by reducing expression of two isoforms of MMP-2 in vitro and in a Type I diabetes heart model. The roles played by these isoforms and atorvastatin treatment in diabetic cardiomyopathy require further study.

Imperialisms, 2004

Despite Edward Said’s extensive analysis of the manifestations of Orientalism in European culture... more Despite Edward Said’s extensive analysis of the manifestations of Orientalism in European culture, music receives little of his attention. Yet he had a strong interest in the art form and frequently used musical imagery in his critical language.1 His formal treatment of empire and opera, for instance, was confined to a discussion of the genesis—and not the music or narrative—of Verdi’s Aida in Culture and Imperialism.2 Like him, many have written about nineteenth-century Paris as the hub of Orientalist study and even more specifically about the French Romantic taste for the exotic and the Orientalist in literature (Nerval’s Voyage en Orient or Hugo’s Les Orientales) and in the visual arts (the paintings of Delacroix or Ingres). Ralph Locke and Susan McClary, among others, have discussed the nature and politics of the exotic in French music in general.3 Many have made the obvious generalizations about the link between colonialism and Orientalism, but few have tied the overt operatic explorations of imperialism directly and concretely to the historical fact that France was an active colonial power in North Africa and the Islamic Middle East in the middle and late nineteenth century.4

Sera from 266 recips tx'ed between April '01 and Sept. '05 were tested by flow cytometry methods ... more Sera from 266 recips tx'ed between April '01 and Sept. '05 were tested by flow cytometry methods to monitor the presence and specificity of abs. All recips were tx'ed with flow crossmatch negative donors. Results: HLA-directed abs were detected pretx for 12% (31/266) recips, all of whom received DS therapy. Peritx monitoring showed 3 rd party ab was persistent in 60% (18/31) of DS treated recips, of whom 50% developed de novo ab; of those DS treated recips whose ab cleared, 15% developed de novo ab (pϭ0.047). Posttx monitoring showed de novo ab developed in 39% (12/31) of sensitized recips (mean day posttxϭ15), but in only 8.5% (20/235) of nonsensitized recips (pϽ.001) (mean day posttxϭ239). 19% (6/31) of sensitized and 4% (10/235) nonsensitized recips developed de novo DAS ab (pϭ0.001). A significantly lower frequency (pϽ0.05) and severity (pϭ0.03) of AR in the first year was observed for sensitized Lg recips who had DS therapy. Conclusions: Careful monitoring of antibody levels during DS therapies identifies recips at high risk for developing de novo DAS ab and AR who could benefit from intervention therapy aimed at improving clinical outcome.

Purpose: Everolimus has been shown to be a valuable addition to immunosuppressive protocols in tr... more Purpose: Everolimus has been shown to be a valuable addition to immunosuppressive protocols in transplantation, mainly because the associated reduction of calcineurin inhibitor maintenance levels translates into a favourable side effect profile. Its role in the induction phase however is less well defined and early clinical trials in lung transplantation have been stopped because of major concerns over bronchial healing. We thus wished to study the effect of primary immunosuppression with everolimus in a preclinical large animal lung transplantation model. Procedures: Left-sided single lung transplantation from MHC-mismatched donors was performed in 16 adult minipigs. Intravenous pharmacologic immunosuppression was maintained for 28 days with 1.5 mg/kg/d methylprednisolone, 1.0 mg/kg/d azathioprine and cyclosporine (blood levels 300-500ng/ml; CsA group; nϭ5) or tacrolimus (16-26ng/ml; Tac group; nϭ5). A further group (CsAϩEv; nϭ6) received methylprednisolone, CsA (200-300ng/ml) and everolimus (5-10ng/ml). Immunosuppression was discontinued on postoperative day (POD) 28. Graft survival was monitored by sequential chest x-rays, bronchoscopy and transbronchial biopsy histology. Results: All animals survived the 28 day course of immunosuppressive therapy and showed healthy grafts on POD 28. Median allograft survival in the CsA group was 55Ϯ15 days, while Tac group animals showed significantly prolonged survival (152Ϯ65 days; Pϭ0.0064), but all animals rejected eventually. CsAϩEv grafts showed median survival of only 49Ϯ86 days (Pϭ0.37 vs. CsA; Pϭ0.21 vs. Tac), however, one animal is currently alive at POD 258 without signs of rejection. Conclusion: Within the limitation of the drug target levels chosen, this data does not support an important role for everolimus in the immunosuppressive induction phase after lung transplantation. Thus, we conclude that introduction of everolimus at a later time after lung transplantation, as currently recommended, is not disadvantageous for graft survival.

Forum Italicum: A Journal of Italian Studies, 1999

Age, Culture, Humanities: An Interdisciplinary Journal

British composer Benjamin Britten (1913-1976) died at the age of only six- ty-three, but ill heal... more British composer Benjamin Britten (1913-1976) died at the age of only six- ty-three, but ill health in his last years parachuted him into what he himself saw as older age and its consequences. His story of challenge and adaptation allows us to examine the particular impact of illness and impairment on the role of productivity in definitions of creativity. Composing was the life blood of this prolific artist, known for his work ethic and professionalism. Though he completed only nine independent works after his operation, the last works stand as some of his best creations. Britten’s sense of selfhood depended to a large extent upon this self-iden- tification as an active working composer. While he retained this to the end, his other life narrative had to be abandoned with his sudden entry into older age: that of being ever youthful. His self-fashioning as youthful and his tastes— in food, humor, habits—were formed in boyhood and never changed. Yet, through his letters and creative wo...

Clinical Advances in Periodontics, 2012

Introduction: A patient with a history of treated periodontal disease with multiple tooth loss wa... more Introduction: A patient with a history of treated periodontal disease with multiple tooth loss was seeking dental implant treatment. Case Presentation: After aggressive sanative therapy and a single pocket-reduction surgery, treatment proceeded with one mandibular implant, one immediate maxillary implant, and minor sinus grafting using the crestal approach. Both implants failed to integrate due to infections that appeared unrelated to known periodontal pathogens. Patient referral for additional medical investigation led to diagnosis of serious lung infections. Once the lung conditions were managed with antibiotics, implant retreatment was successful. Conclusion: When dental implants fail, every attempt should be made to understand why and include further medical investigation where indicated. Clin Adv Periodontics 2012;2:1-5.

Canadian Medical Association Journal, 1996

... Linda Hutcheon, PhD Professor of English and comparative literature University of Toronto Tor... more ... Linda Hutcheon, PhD Professor of English and comparative literature University of Toronto Toronto, Ont. ... In Caroline Richmond's article 1"Fighting the odds in the UK" (Can Med Assoc J 1996;154:1547-8) there was a brief report on Jaymee Bowen, the 10-year-old girl whose ...