Monica Verma - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Monica Verma

Metabolism of thyroid hormones and iron is quite interdependent. Deficiency of iron can produce h... more Metabolism of thyroid hormones and iron is quite interdependent. Deficiency of iron can produce hypothyroidism and vice versa. This fact is important, especially during administration of treatment of hypothyroidism. Therefore, in this study, 50 newly diagnosed hypothyroid patients were investigated for levels of iron; ferritin and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) and compared with 50 age and sex matched healthy controls. The levels of iron and ferritin were found to be significantly decreased while the levels of TIBC were observed to be significantly increased in patients as compared to controls. Thyroid hormone insufficiency may lead to deficiency of iron and vice versa. Other factors like oxidative stress may also play a role. Thus, estimation of iron and related parameters may be quite useful during the diagnosis and treatment of hypothyroid patients.

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. Copyright: 2014... more Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. Copyright: 2014 Verma M et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

Recent Developments in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 14

Indian journal of Medical Biochemistry

Diagnostic care is the heart of the healthcare management system. Clinical laboratories that are ... more Diagnostic care is the heart of the healthcare management system. Clinical laboratories that are accredited by National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL) get worldwide acceptance. Accreditation is an attempt to encourage diagnostic laboratories performing basic tests to adopt quality practices, thus improving healthcare system at grass root level in the country. A large number of laboratories are now accredited, but majority of them are in private sector. Very few clinical laboratories associated with government organization participate and are able to achieve accreditation by NABL. Fortunately, our laboratory is one of them. With the experience gained during the process of getting NABL accreditation, we feel competent enough to comment upon and summarize the areas that may present difficulty in the process. We hope that most of the laboratory personnel working in the government organization will identify with our experience and get prepared as well as motivated to get their laboratory accredited by NABL.

Objective: Several studies suggest that thyroid hormones may affect erythropoiesis. However the m... more Objective: Several studies suggest that thyroid hormones may affect erythropoiesis. However the mechanism by which thyroid hormones alter the ferritin concentration is not well known. Therefore, the present case-control study was designed to determine the changes due to hyperthyroidism in serum ferritin, iron and transferrin levels and to investigate the inter-relationship between these parameters. Material: This study was conducted on 50 newly diagnosed hyperthyroid patients and the results were compared with 50 age and sex matched healthy controls. Serum ferritin was assessed by two site sandwich immunoassay using direct chemiluminometric technology. TIBC and serum iron were estimated by colorimetric method. Results: Serum ferritin (314.43 ± 68.7 ng/mL) and iron concentration (159.88 ± 36.28 µg/dL) were found to be increased in hyperthyroid patients as compared to healthy controls (255.23 ± 45.5 ng/mL and 110.52 ± 20.52 µg/dL respectively). There was a significant difference betwe...

Plantar fasciitis starts with gradual onset of pain at the bottom of heel or the arch of foot and... more Plantar fasciitis starts with gradual onset of pain at the bottom of heel or the arch of foot and it feels like bruise which is of significant concern. The patient usually experiences severe pain after prolonged walking which generally decreases in intensity after rest. It may go away on its own or it may take six weeks to 12 months. If it persists for longer time, it requires further extensive evaluation. It is important to restrict stepping especially on uneven surfaces until a full history and examination has been completed along with laboratory evaluation. There is the need to identify non-specific pathology that would guide and confirm the need for further diagnostic testing and evaluation. In this report a case of acute plantar fasciitis is discussed where the levels of CPK-MM are directly correlated with the onset and severity of the disease.

International Journal of Advanced Research, Aug 31, 2018

Infertility is a global reproductive health issue that affects many individuals and couples. It i... more Infertility is a global reproductive health issue that affects many individuals and couples. It is defined as failure to conceive after one year of regular unprotected intercourse with the same partner. Infertility has been recognized as a public health issue worldwide by the World Health Organization (WHO). In India, the incidence of infertility is 10-15% as per WHO study. Among the total infertile cases female infertility contributes to 50%. 1 The inability to procreate is considered as a curse for the couple, impacting on the entire family and even the local community. The psychosocial consequences of childlessness are negative and often severe. 2 Infertility is of two types: primary and secondary infertility. WHO defines primary infertility as the "Inability to conceive within two years of exposure to pregnancy (i.e. sexually active, non-contracepting, and non-lactating) among women of age group 15 to 49 yr old". Secondary infertility refers to the inability to conceive following a previous pregnancy. Globally, most infertile couples suffer from primary infertility. 3 Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are generally considered the leading preventable cause of infertility worldwide, especially in developing countries. STIs cause approximately 70 per cent of all pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) cases, which often result in tubal damage. 4 The major causes of infertility include ovulatory dysfunction (15%), tubal and peritoneal pathology (30-40%) and male factor (30-40%) and uterine pathology. To some extent the prevalence of each varies with age. Ovulatory dysfunction is more common in younger than old couples, tubal and peritoneal factors have a similar prevalence. 5 Hormonal imbalances have been associated with female infertility. The increased or decreased levels of FSH, LH and Prolactin (PRL) hormones may cause infertility. FSH and LH hormones belong to glycoprotein family and play an important role in follicular development and production of oestrogen. 6 Hyperprolactinemia, the presence of abnormally high levels of prolactin in the blood, is the most common endocrine disorder of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. Clinical and experimental studies have suggested a close relationship between the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis and the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. 7 Thyroid dysfunction

World Journal of Methodology

Author contributions: Verma M designed the research, interpreted the results, and drafted the man... more Author contributions: Verma M designed the research, interpreted the results, and drafted the manuscript; Dahiya K and Ghalaut VS helped in statistical analysis, critical revision, and final approval of the article; Ghalaut VS and Dhupper V helped in making critical revisions and final approval of the article.

World journal of clinical oncology, Jan 10, 2017

To study the levels of neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) in head and neck squamou... more To study the levels of neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This was a non randomized case control study conducted at Department of Biochemistry, in collaboration with Regional Cancer Center over a period of one year. The study population included 50 adult newly diagnosed HNSCC patients reporting in outpatient department at Regional Cancer Center and compared with 50 healthy controls. NGAL was estimated by ELISA technique. Student t test and χ(2) test were applied for comparison of means of study groups. Correlations between groups were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient (r) formula. Patients with HNSCC exhibited significantly increased levels of NGAL (P < 0.05) as compared to healthy controls (978.88 ± 261.39 ng/mL vs 34.83 ± 7.59 ng/mL). Out of 50, 26 patients (52%) were in stage IV, 21 (42%) in stage III, 1 (2%) patient in stage II and 2 (4%) patients were in stage I. Metastasis was absent in 98% patien...

World Journal of Oncology, 2017

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy, tolerability and toxic... more Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy, tolerability and toxicity of three palliative radiotherapy (RT) schedules in locally advanced head and neck carcinoma (LAHNC), i.e. Quad Shot schedule, Christie schedule and conventional palliative schedule. Methods: The patients were randomly divided into three groups of 30 each. Group I patients were planned for 14.8 Gy in 4 fractions over 2 days, repeated three weekly for two more cycles. Group II patients were planned for 50 Gy in 16 fractions over 3.1 weeks. Group III patients were planned for 20 Gy in 5 fractions over 5 days, repeated after an interval of 3 weeks. The quality of life was assessed before and after RT using University of Washington Quality of Life questionnaire version 4. Results: Local control rates were 84%, 76%, and 76% for groups I, II and III, respectively. Disease status at 6-month follow-up was no evidence of disease (20%, 28%, and 16%), residual disease (72%, 48%, and 76%), and recurrent disease (8%, 24%, and 8%) in groups I, II and III, respectively. Grade III acute skin reactions were 28%, 44%, and 16% in groups I, II and III, respectively. Grade III acute mucosal reactions were 36%, 56%, and 24% in group I, II and III, respectively. Quality of life improved in all groups after RT. Conclusion: Quad Shot schedule may be used in LAHNC with better local control and acceptable toxicity as compared to conventional palliative RT schedule in Indian setting.

Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2014

Background: Abnormalities of lipid metabolism are common in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-in... more Background: Abnormalities of lipid metabolism are common in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients and tend to be accentuated in those receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). However, data on lipid profile of treatmentnaive HIV-infected patients in India are limited. So, the study was conducted to describe the pattern of lipid profile among treatmentnaive HIV-positive patients and changes following HAART initiation in Haryana. Methods: Data were collected from 100 normotensive, non-diabetic and non-obese, treatment-naive HIV-infected patients (65 men and 35 women, mean age 36.4 years) and 100 healthy controls. The study was carried out at ART center in PGIMS, Rohtak for a period of 1 year. Fasting lipid profiles were analyzed enzymatically. Values of lipid parameter were retrieved after 3 and 6 months on HAART. Results: The study observed a significant increased level of triglyceride (TG) (178.46 ± 58.41 mg%) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (108.62 ± 38.67 mg%) and a significant decreased level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (26.86 ± 12.69 mg%) as compared to HIV-negative healthy controls. Total cholesterol (TC) was also low (171.17 ± 52.24 mg%) as compared to controls though this is not significant statistically. Following HAART initiation, there were large increases in mean TC, TG and LDL-C values at 3 months and further increase at 6 months of therapy (12.01, 17.26 and 16.71 mg% respectively) with statistically highly significant P value (< 0.001). HDL levels remained low throughout follow-up. A total of 61% patients showed dyslipidemia following HAART. Conclusions: HIV-1 replication alone without any influence of antiviral drugs or other human genetic factors induces changes in serum lipid profile parameters which could be used to determine HIV-infected persons with high risk of myocardial infarction before enrollment for HAART. Therefore, fasting plasma lipid profile should be done of all HIV-infected persons before starting HAART with periodic repetitions after enrolling on HAART, since significant increases in plasma TG, TC and LDL-C concentrations have been reported in HIV patients on HAART. Lipid profile results can therefore be a good index for disease progression, intervention and management of HIV patients.

International Journal of Advanced Research

Introduction: Exercise is a stress like condition resulting in increase of reactive oxygen specie... more Introduction: Exercise is a stress like condition resulting in increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS), but if done regularly strengthens the antioxidant system.During the past few decades, information about the biological implications of exercise-induced oxidative stress has expanded rapidly. Aims And Objectives: No studies are available in literature to comment upon the levels of NO and MDA after acute moderate exercise. Therefore, we planned this study to compare the levels of NO and MDA in trained athletes and untrained healthy controls at rest and after 30 minutes of acute moderate exercise. Materials And Methods: Study was conducted on fifty athletes who do regular sports activities and are healthy. Blood was collected before and immediately after acute exercise for estimation of NO and MDA by Griess reaction and Thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) method respectively. Data was analyzed by student's paired t test. Results And Observations:Research findings indicate that there were statistically significant differences in the levels of TG, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, NO and MDA post-exercise as compared to the pre-exercise levels in athletic group (p= 0.02, 0.03, 0.03, 0.02, 0.005, and 0.03, respectively). There was no significant change in the levels of these variables in the control group before and after exercise. Pre-exercise values of TG, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C and MDA in trained athletes were lower than pre-exercise values in untrained group and the difference

Journal of Investigational Biochemistry, 2013

Objective: Ischemia modified albumin (IMA) is an altered type of serum albumin that forms under c... more Objective: Ischemia modified albumin (IMA) is an altered type of serum albumin that forms under conditions of oxidative stress. Increased IMA has been described as a marker of ischemia reperfusion injury and dysfunction of the endothelial L-arginine/nitric oxide (NO) pathway (affecting NO levels) is a common mechanism by which several cardiovascular risk factors mediate their deleterious effects on the vascular wall. No reports are available in literature to comment on the simultaneous measurement of IMA and NO in hyperthyroidism. Therefore, this study was planned to evaluate these levels in newly diagnosed patients of hyperthyroidism. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 50 newly diagnosed hyperthyroid patients and the results were compared with 50 age and sex matched healthy controls. IMA levels and NO were estimated by standard colorimetric methods. Results: NO concentration was found to be significantly low in hyperthyroid patients (6.4 ± 3.8 μmol/L) as compared with control subjects (36.24 ± 7.61 μmol/L) (P < 0.05), while IMA levels were found to be higher in hyperthyroid group (0.662 ± 0.17 ABU) than healthy controls (0.290 ± 0.09 ABU) (P < 0.05). IMA levels were negatively correlated with NO (r = −0.761, P < 0.001) and correlation was highly significant. Conclusion: Increased ischemia modified albumin levels may be a consequence of and cause for decreased nitric oxide levels in hyperthyroidism and this study may help to establish the role of oxidative stress and ischemia reperfusion in the pathogenesis of hyperthyroidism.

Journal of Blood Disorders & Transfusion, 2015

Background: Prolonged storage of blood leads to alteration in RBCs biochemistry which may lose vi... more Background: Prolonged storage of blood leads to alteration in RBCs biochemistry which may lose viability with time.

International Blood Research & Reviews, 2016

American Journal of Cancer Therapy and Pharmacology, Dec 15, 2014

Urology Annals, 2015

Prostate cancer is a major health problem throughout the developed world. Tumor grade is one of t... more Prostate cancer is a major health problem throughout the developed world. Tumor grade is one of the most important prognostic factors of prostate cancer. At present, adequate prognostic markers for prostate cancer progression are still lacking, in spite of intensive investigation. Accordingly, we studied the role of immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of p53 and Ki-67 as a prognostic factor in carcinoma prostate and correlated their expression with Gleason&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s grade. In this prospective study, a total of 60 cases including 50 cases of prostate carcinoma and 10 of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were taken. Tumor grade was determined according to Gleason&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s grading system. p53 and Ki-67 expressions were determined by IHC staining. The obtained results were analyzed and evaluated using Spearman&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s statistical test (SPSS version 20). In BPH, p53 was expressed in only 2 of 10 (20%) cases while in carcinoma it was expressed in 38 of 50 (76%) cases. Ki-67 was expressed in only 1 of 10 (10%) BPH cases while in carcinoma it was expressed in 32 of 50 (64%) cases. In present study, 1 of 4 (25%) well differentiated, 23 of 31 (74.19%) moderately differentiated and 14 of 15 (93.33%) poorly differentiated tumors revealed p53 immunopositivity and a statistically significant correlation was observed between p53 expression and increased Gleason&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s grade (P = 0.038). All 4 (100%) cases of well-differentiated carcinoma were negative for Ki-67 expression. Nineteen of 31 (61.29%) moderately differentiated and 13 of 15 (86.66%) poorly differentiated tumors were positive for Ki-67 and a statistically significant correlation was observed between Ki-67 positivity and increased Gleason&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s grade (P = 0.002). Both p53 and Ki-67 were significantly up-regulated in malignant lesions as compared to benign lesions and a strong relationship with the Gleason&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s grading was noticed, therefore, we propose that these markers can be applied along with other prostate cancer prognostic factors.

Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2015

Globally more than 1 million people suffer from colorectal cancer (CRC) per annum, resulting in a... more Globally more than 1 million people suffer from colorectal cancer (CRC) per annum, resulting in about 0.5 million deaths. The role of estrogen in CRC is being researched with great interest; expression of estrogen receptors (alfa and beta) is being explored. Our objective was to compare the serum estradiol levels in diagnosed male patients of CRC, with age-matched controls; and to study the estradiol levels across the different stages of CRC. A cross-sectional study was conducted from January, 2012 to March, 2013 at a tertiary care hospital in north India. Fifty one male preoperative CRC patients were enrolled along with 50 age-matched male controls. Ethical approval and informed written consent from each participant were duly obtained. CRC patients were staged as per TNM (T- Tumour, N- Node, M- Metastasis; I, II, III and IV) criteria. Serum estradiol level was measured by Chemiimmunofluroscence method (normal = 11.6 - 41.2 pg/ml). We used student's t test and ANOVA (analysis of...