Nada Adel - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Nada Adel

The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 2022

Blood, 1976

Inbred Carworth Farms Nelson (CFN) congenitally hyperlipidemic rats had significantly shorter coa... more Inbred Carworth Farms Nelson (CFN) congenitally hyperlipidemic rats had significantly shorter coagulation and prothrombin times and higher levels of coagulation factors, II, V, VII, VIII, and X than did controls. Conversely, congenitally hypolipidemic rats of the same strain had significantly longer coagulation and prothrombin times and lower levels of factors II, V, VII, X and XII and of blood platelets than did controls. A loop-shaped polyethylene cannula was inserted into the aorta to assess the potential for thrombosis. The hyperlipidemic group obstructed this significantly faster and the hypolipidemic group slower than did the controls. Normal CFN rats made hypertensive by unilateral renal artery clip developed hypertension together with significantly elevated serum cholesterol and factor VII and X levels. Rhesus monkeys with diet-induced hyperlipidemia showed shorter prothrombin times and higher factor X levels than did controls on normal diet. By selective breeding, two group...

Proceedings of the Rudolf Virchow Medical Society in the City of New York, 1966

Postgraduate Medical Journal, 2011

To evaluate the use of a thin catheter for hysterosalpingography (HSG) for reducing the pain expe... more To evaluate the use of a thin catheter for hysterosalpingography (HSG) for reducing the pain experienced during the procedure. Infertile women undergoing tubal patency tests were randomised into two groups. In the study group (n=66) a thin catheter originally designed for intrauterine insemination was used to inject the dye. Leakage of the dye was prevented using a vaginal speculum to press on the portiovaginalis of the cervix. The control group (n=23) underwent HSG using the standard metal cannula. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the level of pain immediately after the procedure. The main outcome measures were the level of pain experienced by the patient during the procedure and the efficacy of the new technique. The mean (±SD) VAS was 11.2±3.1 in the study group and 54.7±10.1 in the metal cannula group (p<0.0001). During the dye injection, the VAS was 10.3±5.2 in the study group compared to 64.1±17.3 in the metal cannula group (p<0.0001). The new technique was successful in filling the uterine cavity with the dye and studying the fallopian tubes. Using a thin catheter for HSG and pressing on the cervix with the vaginal speculum to prevent leakage of the dye is a successful method to study the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes, and it significantly reduces the pain as compared to a metal cannula.

Fertility and Sterility, 2010

Objective: To study the effectiveness of clomiphene citrate (CC) in preventing a premature LH sur... more Objective: To study the effectiveness of clomiphene citrate (CC) in preventing a premature LH surge during controlled ovarian stimulation in women undergoing assisted reproduction. Design: Prospective, randomized, controlled trial. Setting: University hospital. Patient(s): Two-hundred thirty couples with mild male factor, or unexplained infertility. Intervention(s): Couples were randomized to receive human menopausal gonadotrophins (hMG) followed by CC or hMG alone until the day of hCG. Main Outcome Measure(s): The primary outcomes were the incidence of a clinical pregnancy and premature LH rise. Secondary outcomes were the E 2 levels, number of mature follicles, and endometrial thickness as determined on the day of hCG. Result(s): The number of patients who had a premature LH surge was significantly lower in the hMG þ CC group (5.45% vs. 15.89%). Additionally, the mean E 2 levels (pg/mL) and the number of mature follicles were also significantly higher in the hMG þ CC group (360.3 AE 162.9 vs. 280 AE 110.0 and 2.4 AE 0.97 vs. 1.3 AE 1.1, respectively), although there was no significant difference regarding number of canceled cycles, endometrial thickness, or clinical pregnancy rate. Conclusion(s): The addition of CC to hMG has been proven to be effective in reducing premature LH surges without compromising the pregnancy rate. (Fertil Steril Ò 2010;94:2167-71. Ó2010 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine.

American Journal of Therapeutics, 2007

A recent first time in man (FIM) trial of an ''immuno modulator'' compound (TGN1412) resulted in ... more A recent first time in man (FIM) trial of an ''immuno modulator'' compound (TGN1412) resulted in unprecedented toxicity. Since this occurred in 2006 a widely publicized scientific debate, as well as a controversy in the lay community has examined the principle of design and content of the study as well as the concept of FIM studies. This paper reviews the controversy, analyzes the problems of the TGN1412 trial and FIM trials in general and the reaction of the lay and scientific communities. Difficulties in these high risk trials is highlighted and possible design and execution procedural improvements are recommended. Consideration is given to the ethical debate regarding participation of normal, healthy research volunteers in FIM studies. The role of monetary incentive(s) is discussed as well as the opposition of many participants in this debate on financial compensation of volunteers for the assumption of risk and the need to adopt a no-fault scheme that fairly compensates injured trial participants. FIM studies are critical for the development of new therapeutic agents. Improving trial design and execution and fairly compensating volunteers will facilitate these studies, enhance equity and thus provide an ethical basis for continuing FIM studies that may pose a serious risk to participants, a risk that society needs taken for the development of needed therapeutic agents.

American Journal of Therapeutics, 2008

Accurate medical histories for all NHRVs screening to participate in clinical pharmacology trials... more Accurate medical histories for all NHRVs screening to participate in clinical pharmacology trials are vital to ensure volunteers' safety, and integrity of study results. Evidence from previous studies illustrate the potential for NHRVs to misrepresent their histories, especially when monetary incentives are offered, and the need to objectively verify these self-reported histories whenever practical. This study demonstrates that among the sample participants, all of whom self-reported a negative history of drug and alcohol abuse and tobacco smoking, 16% failed urine testing for either alcohol and drugs of abuse (6%), or cotinine (11%). Male sex and increased number of screenings in the preceding 12 months were significantly associated with increased odds for urine screen failure whereas increased enrollments in the same time period and increased study stipend decreased the same odds. These results emphasize the importance of diligently screening NHRVs participating in phase I clinical trails.

American Heart Journal, 2010

This white paper, prepared by members of the Cardiac Safety Research Consortium, discusses severa... more This white paper, prepared by members of the Cardiac Safety Research Consortium, discusses several important issues regarding the evaluation of ventricular arrhythmias in early clinical pharmacology trials and their potential consequences for later clinical drug development. Ventricular arrhythmias are infrequent but potentially important medical events whose occurrence in early clinical pharmacology trials can dramatically increase safety concerns. Given the increasing concern with all potential safety signals and the resultant more extensive electrocardiographic monitoring of subjects participating in early phase trials, an important question must be addressed: Are relatively more frequent observations of ventricular arrhythmias related simply to more extensive monitoring, or are they genuinely related to the drug under development? The discussions in this paper provide current thinking and suggestions for addressing this question.

Critical Care Medicine, 1989

Hepatitis poses a significant health issue worldwide as it may progress to cirrhosis and hepatoce... more Hepatitis poses a significant health issue worldwide as it may progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The crucial role of liver in different metabolic and synthetic functions of the body stimulates researchers to continually explore and develop different hepatoprotective drugs. The present study was designed to assess the potential hepatoprotective effect of deferasirox (DFX) in a rat model of acute liver injury induced by concanavalin A (Con A) at a dose of 20 mg/kg intravenously dissolved in normal saline solution. The hepatoprotective effect of DFX was screened at the doses (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) via assessing the hepatotoxicity indices and histopathological examination. DFX at a dose of 100 mg/kg was the most effective in preventing the rise in activities of hepatotoxicity serum markers; alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) enzymes and histopathologic changes induced by con A.

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine, 1965

The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 2022

Blood, 1976

Inbred Carworth Farms Nelson (CFN) congenitally hyperlipidemic rats had significantly shorter coa... more Inbred Carworth Farms Nelson (CFN) congenitally hyperlipidemic rats had significantly shorter coagulation and prothrombin times and higher levels of coagulation factors, II, V, VII, VIII, and X than did controls. Conversely, congenitally hypolipidemic rats of the same strain had significantly longer coagulation and prothrombin times and lower levels of factors II, V, VII, X and XII and of blood platelets than did controls. A loop-shaped polyethylene cannula was inserted into the aorta to assess the potential for thrombosis. The hyperlipidemic group obstructed this significantly faster and the hypolipidemic group slower than did the controls. Normal CFN rats made hypertensive by unilateral renal artery clip developed hypertension together with significantly elevated serum cholesterol and factor VII and X levels. Rhesus monkeys with diet-induced hyperlipidemia showed shorter prothrombin times and higher factor X levels than did controls on normal diet. By selective breeding, two group...

Proceedings of the Rudolf Virchow Medical Society in the City of New York, 1966

Postgraduate Medical Journal, 2011

To evaluate the use of a thin catheter for hysterosalpingography (HSG) for reducing the pain expe... more To evaluate the use of a thin catheter for hysterosalpingography (HSG) for reducing the pain experienced during the procedure. Infertile women undergoing tubal patency tests were randomised into two groups. In the study group (n=66) a thin catheter originally designed for intrauterine insemination was used to inject the dye. Leakage of the dye was prevented using a vaginal speculum to press on the portiovaginalis of the cervix. The control group (n=23) underwent HSG using the standard metal cannula. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the level of pain immediately after the procedure. The main outcome measures were the level of pain experienced by the patient during the procedure and the efficacy of the new technique. The mean (±SD) VAS was 11.2±3.1 in the study group and 54.7±10.1 in the metal cannula group (p<0.0001). During the dye injection, the VAS was 10.3±5.2 in the study group compared to 64.1±17.3 in the metal cannula group (p<0.0001). The new technique was successful in filling the uterine cavity with the dye and studying the fallopian tubes. Using a thin catheter for HSG and pressing on the cervix with the vaginal speculum to prevent leakage of the dye is a successful method to study the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes, and it significantly reduces the pain as compared to a metal cannula.

Fertility and Sterility, 2010

Objective: To study the effectiveness of clomiphene citrate (CC) in preventing a premature LH sur... more Objective: To study the effectiveness of clomiphene citrate (CC) in preventing a premature LH surge during controlled ovarian stimulation in women undergoing assisted reproduction. Design: Prospective, randomized, controlled trial. Setting: University hospital. Patient(s): Two-hundred thirty couples with mild male factor, or unexplained infertility. Intervention(s): Couples were randomized to receive human menopausal gonadotrophins (hMG) followed by CC or hMG alone until the day of hCG. Main Outcome Measure(s): The primary outcomes were the incidence of a clinical pregnancy and premature LH rise. Secondary outcomes were the E 2 levels, number of mature follicles, and endometrial thickness as determined on the day of hCG. Result(s): The number of patients who had a premature LH surge was significantly lower in the hMG þ CC group (5.45% vs. 15.89%). Additionally, the mean E 2 levels (pg/mL) and the number of mature follicles were also significantly higher in the hMG þ CC group (360.3 AE 162.9 vs. 280 AE 110.0 and 2.4 AE 0.97 vs. 1.3 AE 1.1, respectively), although there was no significant difference regarding number of canceled cycles, endometrial thickness, or clinical pregnancy rate. Conclusion(s): The addition of CC to hMG has been proven to be effective in reducing premature LH surges without compromising the pregnancy rate. (Fertil Steril Ò 2010;94:2167-71. Ó2010 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine.

American Journal of Therapeutics, 2007

A recent first time in man (FIM) trial of an ''immuno modulator'' compound (TGN1412) resulted in ... more A recent first time in man (FIM) trial of an ''immuno modulator'' compound (TGN1412) resulted in unprecedented toxicity. Since this occurred in 2006 a widely publicized scientific debate, as well as a controversy in the lay community has examined the principle of design and content of the study as well as the concept of FIM studies. This paper reviews the controversy, analyzes the problems of the TGN1412 trial and FIM trials in general and the reaction of the lay and scientific communities. Difficulties in these high risk trials is highlighted and possible design and execution procedural improvements are recommended. Consideration is given to the ethical debate regarding participation of normal, healthy research volunteers in FIM studies. The role of monetary incentive(s) is discussed as well as the opposition of many participants in this debate on financial compensation of volunteers for the assumption of risk and the need to adopt a no-fault scheme that fairly compensates injured trial participants. FIM studies are critical for the development of new therapeutic agents. Improving trial design and execution and fairly compensating volunteers will facilitate these studies, enhance equity and thus provide an ethical basis for continuing FIM studies that may pose a serious risk to participants, a risk that society needs taken for the development of needed therapeutic agents.

American Journal of Therapeutics, 2008

Accurate medical histories for all NHRVs screening to participate in clinical pharmacology trials... more Accurate medical histories for all NHRVs screening to participate in clinical pharmacology trials are vital to ensure volunteers' safety, and integrity of study results. Evidence from previous studies illustrate the potential for NHRVs to misrepresent their histories, especially when monetary incentives are offered, and the need to objectively verify these self-reported histories whenever practical. This study demonstrates that among the sample participants, all of whom self-reported a negative history of drug and alcohol abuse and tobacco smoking, 16% failed urine testing for either alcohol and drugs of abuse (6%), or cotinine (11%). Male sex and increased number of screenings in the preceding 12 months were significantly associated with increased odds for urine screen failure whereas increased enrollments in the same time period and increased study stipend decreased the same odds. These results emphasize the importance of diligently screening NHRVs participating in phase I clinical trails.

American Heart Journal, 2010

This white paper, prepared by members of the Cardiac Safety Research Consortium, discusses severa... more This white paper, prepared by members of the Cardiac Safety Research Consortium, discusses several important issues regarding the evaluation of ventricular arrhythmias in early clinical pharmacology trials and their potential consequences for later clinical drug development. Ventricular arrhythmias are infrequent but potentially important medical events whose occurrence in early clinical pharmacology trials can dramatically increase safety concerns. Given the increasing concern with all potential safety signals and the resultant more extensive electrocardiographic monitoring of subjects participating in early phase trials, an important question must be addressed: Are relatively more frequent observations of ventricular arrhythmias related simply to more extensive monitoring, or are they genuinely related to the drug under development? The discussions in this paper provide current thinking and suggestions for addressing this question.

Critical Care Medicine, 1989

Hepatitis poses a significant health issue worldwide as it may progress to cirrhosis and hepatoce... more Hepatitis poses a significant health issue worldwide as it may progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The crucial role of liver in different metabolic and synthetic functions of the body stimulates researchers to continually explore and develop different hepatoprotective drugs. The present study was designed to assess the potential hepatoprotective effect of deferasirox (DFX) in a rat model of acute liver injury induced by concanavalin A (Con A) at a dose of 20 mg/kg intravenously dissolved in normal saline solution. The hepatoprotective effect of DFX was screened at the doses (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) via assessing the hepatotoxicity indices and histopathological examination. DFX at a dose of 100 mg/kg was the most effective in preventing the rise in activities of hepatotoxicity serum markers; alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) enzymes and histopathologic changes induced by con A.

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology

The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine, 1965