Nadia Shams - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Nadia Shams

The professional medical journal, Jun 10, 2019

… A limited number of case reports have studies the efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) in man... more … A limited number of case reports have studies the efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) in management of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL). Topical PDT is an innovative mode of therapy that works on principle of selective uptake of photosensitizing agent by CL lesions. Current study was conducted to determine efficacy of topical photodynamic therapy of CL. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Setting: Dermatology outdoor clinic PIMS Islamabad. Period: July 2015 to Jan 2016. Materials and Methods: Total 75 patients (>12 years) of either gender with biopsy proven CL lesions were included after ethical approval. Pregnant or lactating women, those with sensitivity to light or photo sensitizer were excluded. The selected cases were administered once a week sessions of topical 5-ALA PDT therapy. This therapy was continued till 4 weeks and efficacy was observed at 6 th week; efficacy labeled as yes if there was no erythema with resolution of papules, plaques or nodules, surrounded by normal healthy skin clinically and the histo-pathological smears revealing absence of amastigotes, otherwise labeled as non-effective. Results: Mean age was 24.37+7.43 years. There were 44(58.67%) females and 31(41.33%) males. Mean duration of disease was 40.29+11.73 days and mean size of lesion was 19.69+9.88 mm. Effective PDT outcome was seen in 67(89.33%) patients at 6 th week of therapy. Conclusion: This study concluded that topical photodynamic therapy is an effective method for treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis.

PubMed, Mar 6, 2018

Background: Dengue fever has emerged as an emerging public health issue during last decade bearin... more Background: Dengue fever has emerged as an emerging public health issue during last decade bearing significant morbidity and economic burden particularly in third world countries. Current study aims to assess various domains of knowledge of indoor dengue patients.. Methods: This descriptive crosssectional study was conducted at Medicine dept. Rawal Institute of Health Sciences Islamabad and BBH Rawalpindi over 6 months. One hundred & twenty-five adult indoor confirmed cases of dengue from lower socioeconomic class were included after ethical approval. The 25-item dengue knowledge questionnaire including aetiology, symptoms, modes of transmission and prevention of dengue was filled. Results: Among 125 cases (77% males and 23% females), mean age was 30±13 years. Mean knowledge score was 11±5 points; with excellent knowledge in 6%, good knowledge (22%), moderate knowledge (23%), fair knowledge (34%) and poor knowledge (17%). Mosquito being a vector of dengue was identified by 78%, with peak time in afternoon (48%). Symptoms identified include fever (95%), headache (55%), muscle pain (44%), rash (33%), retro-orbital pain (32%), joint pains (28%) and abdominal pain (18%). Flies and ticks aren't the vectors of dengue according to 61% and 74% respectively, special mosquito is vector (54%), i.e., Aedes aegypti (18%) that breeds in standing water (53%). Preventive measures identified were netting (56%), insecticide sprays (54%), covering water containers (38%), removing standing water (36%), mosquito repellents (17%), cutting down bushes (22%) and pouring chemicals in standing water (18%). Conclusions: Our patients from lower socioeconomic class, though aware of vector and mode of transmission, have insufficient knowledge of prevention and vector control measures. There is need to strengthen dengue awareness through community-based programs, social media, schools and health care centres for high risk people well before the expected epidemic season about mode of transmission, vector control, screening and early approach to health care facility.

PubMed, Jul 19, 2017

Background: Diabetic foot being one of the frequent and disabling complications of diabetes. In v... more Background: Diabetic foot being one of the frequent and disabling complications of diabetes. In view of widespread regional variation in causative organisms and antimicrobial susceptibility, the current study aimed to determine frequency of causative organisms, their antimicrobial susceptibility and associated risk factors. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 6 months' duration at dept. of Medicine; PIMS Hospital Islamabad. Type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients with diabetic foot ulcer were enrolled after informed consent. Patients already receiving antibiotics, having no growth on culture and >3 weeks' duration of ulcer were excluded. Sample from wound was sent for culture and sensitivity. Antibiotic susceptibility testing identified the susceptible and resistant strains of organisms. Results: Among 114 patients (66.67% males and 33.33% females); mean age was 55.11±11.96 years. Staphylococcus aureus was identified in 46%, E. coli in 28%, Pseudomonas in 6%, Klebsiella in 3.5% and other organisms in 17%. 92% of S. aureus was sensitive to Vancomycin and 67% to Clindamycin. Amongst E. coli, 81% showed sensitivity to Imipenem, 69% to Aminoglycosides and 31% to Quinolones. Glycaemic control was unsatisfactory in 65.8%. Peripheral vascular disease was found in 46% patients and sensory neuropathy in 94%. Conclusions: Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequent isolate amongst gram positive organisms while E. coli amongst gram-negatives. Vancomycin is suggested to be the drug of choice for gram positive and Imipenem for gram negative organisms. Appropriate antimicrobial therapy according to susceptibility patterns would reduce the morbidity and emergence of multidrug resistant organisms in diabetic foot infections.

PubMed, Apr 1, 2015

Objective: To determine the frequency of newly-diagnosed anemia in diabetics admitted to the Inte... more Objective: To determine the frequency of newly-diagnosed anemia in diabetics admitted to the Internal Medicine Department and its etiology and contributing factors. Study design: A cross-sectional, analytical study. Place and duration of study: Department of Internal Medicine, Sir Syed Trust Hospital and College of Medical Sciences, Karachi, from July 2011 to December 2012. Methodology: Adult diabetic patients first diagnosed as having anemia upon hospital admission during the specified duration were included. Patients with active bleed, acute renal impairment, critical illness, pregnancy and previously diagnosed anemia were excluded. Etiology and risk factors of anemia were determined in each case on the basis of history, clinical findings and relevant laboratory investigations i.e. complete blood picture, red cell indices, iron profile, renal function tests, urine and stool examination. Association of anemia was determined using chi-square and t-tests with p-value < 0.05 taken as significant. Results: One hundred and thirty patients (34 males and 96 females) were included. Mean age was 51 ± 12.4 years, with mean BMI of 25.4 ± 5.2 kg/m2, mean duration of diabetes of 7.6 ± 5.5 years and mean glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) 8.47 ± 1.58%, with 75% diabetics having unsatisfactory glycemic control. Mean haemoglobin was 11.6 ± 1.96 g/dl. Anemia was present in 63% diabetics (18 males and 64 females). It was normocytic in 59.8%, microcytic in 37.8% and macrocytic in 2.4%. Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) was present in 44%, iron deficiency in 23%, mixed etiology in 6%, vitamin B-12 deficiency in 2% and thalassemia minor in 1% cases. Statistically significant association of anemia was found with poor glycemic control (p=0.002), dietary restriction for red meat (p < 0.001), history of blood loss (p < 0.001), gastrointestinal disorders (p < 0.001), CKD (p < 0.001) and retinopathy (p=0.011). Conclusion: Anemia in two out of every three diabetics in this study points to need for haematological screening in all diabetics presenting to healthcare facility. In addition to chronic kidney disease, dietary iron and vitamin deficiency, glycemic control, presence of CKD, retinopathy and gastrointestinal disorders need to be evaluated and rectified.

Journal of the Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Apr 29, 2020

OBJECTIVE: To assess self-medication in melasma cases by examining their reasons and consequences... more OBJECTIVE: To assess self-medication in melasma cases by examining their reasons and consequences. METHODOLOGY: This descriptive cross-sectional study included 300 melasma cases were selected by convenience sampling from outdoor Dermatology and Medicine Department Rawal Institute of Health Science Islamabad (January-June 2018). Patients already under care of dermatologist and with severe systemic illness, also, patients with underlying endocrine disease or systemic conditions leading to hyper pigmentation, cases with drug induced pigmentation and receiving oral contraceptive pills were excluded. Demographic details, self-medication type, reasons, complications and alternative therapy were documented. Data analyzed by SPSS V-17 with significant p<0.05. RESULTS: Among 300 melasma cases, 227(75.6%) reported self-medication with 213(93.8%) females and 14(6.2%) males, mean age 30+5.7 years and melasma duration 3.55+3.6 years. Superficial melasma 156 (68.8%) and deep 64(28%). Sun-block used by 29(12.8%). Oral self-medication 15(6.6%), alternative medicine 70(30.8%), mud application 42(18.5%), whitening creams 149(65.6%) and therapy by beautician 136(60%). Hospital access lack in 14(6.2%), lack of money 7(3%), distrust on doctors 3 (13.2%), perceived as minor disease 176(77.5%). Reason for consultation was no improvement in 84 (37%), partial improvement 50(22%) and worsening 93(43%). Complications observed were acne in 91(40%), skin thinning 14(6.2%) and hirsutism 44(19.4%). Associations were acid peptic disease 21(9%), family history 28(12%) and pregnancy 8(3.5%). Mean expenditure was 4,160 rupees/month. CONCLUSION: Self-medication by whitening creams and therapy by beautician is frequent among melasma cases followed by herbal therapy, mud application, oral and topical medication. Delayed presentation and associated complications of self-medication i.e. acne, hirsutism, skin thinning, folliculitis and telangiectasias need to be addressed. Authors recommend sun-block and early dermatology consultation to prevent complications, recurrence and improve quality of life.

The professional medical journal, Mar 10, 2020

… Objectives: Patients with psoriasis have higher prevalence of associated medical disorders incl... more … Objectives: Patients with psoriasis have higher prevalence of associated medical disorders including psoriatic arthritis, obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, thyroid abnormalities and cardiovascular disease. The rationale of current study was to determine prevalence of associated medical co-morbid conditions in psoriasis cases. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Setting: Dermatology Clinic, Bahawalpur Victoria Hospital. Period: January to July 2015. Material & Methods: Informed consent was obtained from 117 adult patients (>18 years) of both the genders diagnosed with psoriasis for >3 months. Patients with chronic renal failure, chronic liver disease, erythroderma, chromosomal abnormality syndromes and pregnant females were excluded. Blood pressure and body mass index; i.e. BMI=weight (kg)/ height (m 2) were documented. Fasting blood sugars, HbA1c, lipid profile and electrocardiogram was done. Results: Mean age was 41.94±11.60 years. Among 117 cases, 66(56.41%) were males and 51(43.59%) were females; male to female ratio was 1.3:1. Diabetes mellitus was found in 53(45.30%), hypertension in 21(17.95%), obesity in 29(24.79%), ischemic heart disease in 62(52.99%) and dyslipidemia in 22(18.80%) patients. Conclusion: Current study concludes that patients with psoriasis have higher prevalence of ischemic heart disease and diabetes mellitus followed by obesity, dyslipidemia and hypertension. It is suggested that psoriasis cases presenting to dermatology department should be assessed for these co-morbid conditions for early diagnosis and management of these conditions.

The journal of Bahria University Medical and Dental College, Mar 31, 2023

Objectives: Acanthosis nigricans presents as black velvety plaques on flexural surfaces which is ... more Objectives: Acanthosis nigricans presents as black velvety plaques on flexural surfaces which is associated with obesity, T2DM and HTN. To study sites and types of AN (Acanthosis Nigricans) in adolescents Vs. adults and its associations. Study design & setting: This cross sectional study was conducted from I st Mar-31 st Aug 2021 at RIHS Islamabad after ethical approval. Methodology: Adolescents and adult cases of both the genders with AN were included by convenience sampling. Critically ill cases, endocrine disorders, pregnancy and malignancy were excluded.57 adolescents and 57 gender matched adults were included. After the detailed clinical evaluation, BMI, waist circumference, sites and types of AN were documented. Blood sugars and workup for PCO's, suggested. Data was analyzed by SPSS 21. Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney-U test applied. Results: Out of 114 cases,77(67.5%) were females. The mean age was 17.99+14.18 years and mean BMI was 31.63+6.92 kg/m 2 .Obesity was observed in 75(65.8%); 44(77.2%) adolescents Vs. 31(54.4%) adults (p=0.010). Mean waist circumference was 37.03+3.74 inches.AN at Neck 113(99.1%) and benign AN 111(97.4 %) were the most frequent. The types of AN were associated with obesity, DM 31(27.2%) and HTN 27(23.7%) (p<0.05). Conclusions: Benign and HAIR-AN were most frequent. Adolescents with AN have significantly higher obesity than adults. HTN was significantly higher in adults. DM in AN was observed regardless of age group. It is suggested to screen all AN cases regardless of age or gender for obesity, HTN and DM. Early diagnosis may contribute to improve quality of life, prevent morbidity of systemic diseases and improve outcome in AN cases.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), May 26, 2021

Background and Objective:COVID-19 is a corona virus disease infecting people worldwide. There are... more Background and Objective:COVID-19 is a corona virus disease infecting people worldwide. There are few local small-scale studies addressing this. We planned a study with good sample size to reveal clinical features and laboratory abnormalities in relation to ICU admission and mortality. Methods and Materials: This observational study was conducted at Dept. of Medicine Liyari General Hospital Karachi after ethical approval. The indoorconfirmed COVID-19 (PCR positive) patients (age>18 years) were included. Pregnant/lactating women, outdoor cases were excluded. Their demographic data, symptoms and signs,co morbidities, laboratory findings (blood complete picture, renal/liver function tests, inflammatory markers (i.e., CRP, ESR, ferritin, LDH, D dimers, troponins), area and duration of admission, disease severity, outcome as death or recovery were documented. Data was collected manually from record of the patients admitted from 15 th March till 30th September 2020. The data was analyzed by SPSS software. Chi-square test applied with significant p<0.05. Results:Amongst879 patients 773(87.9%) were admitted in isolation wards whereas 106(12.1%) admitted in ICU. Mortality was 3.9% overall and average length of stay was 11 days. The mean age was 51.8+18.4 years. Most cases were male (65%) and > 50 yearsage (58.9%).Frequent co morbidities were diabetes(26.1%), dyslipidemia (23%), hypertension (19.9%) and ischemic heart disease (17.3%). Fever wasmost common symptom. Tachycardia, hypotension, anemia and lymphocytopenia wereassociated with ICU admission and mortality.Inflammatory markers were elevated in most of the cases but

The professional medical journal, Nov 10, 2020

To study the cutaneous manifestations in elderly and their association with gender. Study Design:... more To study the cutaneous manifestations in elderly and their association with gender. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Sir Syed Hospital Karachi. Period: Jan 2016 to Jan 2018. Material & Methods: Total 217 geriatric cases (>60 years; both genders) were included from outdoor dermatology clinic. The previous pregnancy, lactation, severe systemic disease and drug induced skin changes were excluded. Results: Among 217 cases, there were 126(58%) females and 91(42%) males. Mean age was 69.3+4.99 years. Wrinkling was seen in 92%, dryness (65%), skin laxity in 54.8%, xerosis (43%), dryness (65%), sagging (46%), pigmentation (37%), eczema (25%), sparse hair (21%), skin atrophy (19%), tinea (13%) and LSC (10%). While herpes zoster, psoriasis, onychomycosis, tinea corporis ,asteotic eczema in 7%. Folliculitis 6%, scabies and bullous pemphigoid seen in 5%, while lichen planus, actinic elastosis, BCC, Prurigo nodularis in 3%. Cellulitis, pediculosis, Seborrheic Dermatitis and contact dermatitis were seen in 2% followed by 1% cases of warts, candidiasis, photodermatosis and SCC seen in our study. Folliculitis (6%) was the most frequent bacterial infection followed by impetigo (0.9%). Herpes zoster (6.5%) was frequent among viral infections followed by warts (0.9%) and HSV-1 (0.9%). Tinea (13.4%) was most frequent fungal infection followed by onychomycosis (7%) and candidiasis (0.9%). Scabies was most common parasitic infection (4.6%) followed by pediculosis (2.3%). Eczema seen in 24.8%. The benign dermatosis, Actinic elastosis was frequent (3.2%), stucco keratosis 4(1.8%), Keratoacanthoma (0.9%). Amongst malignancies, BCC was common (3.2%), followed by SCC (1.4%). 5% Bullous Pemphigoid cases were found. The psychocutaneous disorder included LSC (10%), prurigo nodularis (2.8%) and neurotic excoriation (0.9%). Wrinkling, sagging, dryness of skin, actinic keratosis, actinic elastosis was found to be associated with female gender, however cellulitis, squamous cell carcinoma and asteatotic eczema with male gender. Conclusion: Geriatric population is facing multiple dermatological concerns. Contributory factors being the natural aging process, exposure to UV radiation, pathogens, dryness, humidity, temperature and chemical irritants. Female geriatrics are prone to wrinkling, sagging, dryness of skin and male geriatrics to basal cell carcinoma. There is need to address the skin problems in elderly for better quality of life in geriatrics.

The professional medical journal, Jan 10, 2020

Shams 4 ABSTRACT… Objectives: Mammary duct ectasia, a benign condition of breast is a diagnostic ... more Shams 4 ABSTRACT… Objectives: Mammary duct ectasia, a benign condition of breast is a diagnostic challenge both for surgeon and histo-pathologist. Duct ectasia is commonly encountered in clinical practice and its histo-pathological spectrum needs to be studied in detail in our patients. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Setting: Sir Syed College of Medical Sciences Karachi after ethical approval. Period: 24 months from June 2016-June 2018. Material & Methods: Total 104 female patients (>18 years) were included after informed consent. Patients presenting with lump in breast, breast pain, tenderness or nipple discharge were screened by ultrasound breasts or mammography. Pregnant women, patients having high grade fever, hematological abnormalities, coagulopathy, axillary lymphadenopathy, papilloma of nipple, galactocele, lactating mothers and those with past history of malignancy were excluded. Only those cases were included that had diagnosis of duct ectasia on ultrasound breast. Cone excision (Hadfield's operation) was performed after prerequisites and histo-pathological findings were documented. Patients were kept admitted under observation for minimum 24 hours and then followed up with histo-pathology report. Results: Amongst 104 cases, mean age was 41+6.35(range=30-50) years. The mean duration of symptoms was11.6+5.76 (range=1-24) months. 72(69%) women were married and 32(30.8%) were unmarried. As per histo-pathology report duct ectasia was found in 102(98%), hyperplasia in 61(58.7%), metaplasia in 41(39.4%) and atypical cells in 2(1.9%) samples. Conclusions: Current study demonstrated final outcome of metaplasia in thirty nine percent cases with initial clinical and sonographic diagnosis of duct ectasia. This suggests the triple technique evaluation (i.e. clinical assessment, ultrasound breast/mammography along with histo-pathological assessment) to identify cases with metaplasia. The high risk cases should be frequently followed with clinical assessment and imaging along with BRCA 1 & 2 gene for timely detection and intervention of breast malignancy.

Journal of the Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Mar 30, 2018

BACKGROUND: Acne Vulgaris is a frequently seen dermatological condition having physical and psych... more BACKGROUND: Acne Vulgaris is a frequently seen dermatological condition having physical and psychosocial implications. Current study aims to assess Quality of life (QoL) in acne patients and study the associated risk factors. METHODOLOGY: This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in 6 months duration at Dept. of Dermatology, Rawal Institute of Health Sciences Islamabad after ethical approval. Total 205 cases of acne (age>12 years) were included. Patients with severe systemic illness and endocrine disease were excluded. Global Acne Grading Scale (GAGS) was used to grade acne as mild, moderate or severe. Quality of life assessed by Cardiff Acne disability index (CADI) with outcome as no impairment, mild impairment, moderate impairment or severe impairment. Data analyzed via SPSS version 17 with Chi-square test applied for significance. The p-value <0.05 considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS: Among 205 acne cases (24% males and 76% females), mean age was 25+5.7 (14-36) years. As per GAGS score; mild acne was present in 45.4%, moderate acne(44%), severe acne (8.35%) and very severe acne (2.4%). As per CADI score, there was no impairment in 7.3%, mild impairment (19.5%), moderate impairment (61%) and severe impairment in (12%). The impaired QoL was found to be associated with gender, socioeconomic class, education, acne grade, obesity and use of alternative medicine (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Acne vulgaris significantly impairs QoL in adolescents to varying degrees. Higher grade of acne, female gender, obesity, illiteracy and poverty are the proposed risk factors for impaired QoL in acne cases. Early identification of acne cases at risk of impaired Qol may be helpful to take QoL measures like counseling and psychological intervention in parallel with medical management. This may improve the social and psychological wellbeing of acne cases.

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, Sep 19, 2016

Objectives: To find out the frequency of Alzheimer's and Vascular dementia in the elderly patient... more Objectives: To find out the frequency of Alzheimer's and Vascular dementia in the elderly patients. Methods: This cross sectional descriptive study was conducted in Department of Medicine, Ziauddin Hospital Karachi from 1 st October 2013 to 31 st March 2014. Patients with symptoms of dementia for more than 6 months duration, and Mini Mental State Examination score <24 were included in this study. Patients who fell in category of dementia were assessed for duration of symptoms. Patients underwent CT scan of brain. Patients with generalized atrophy of brain on CT scanning of brain were labeled as Alzheimer's dementia, while patients with ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke on CT scan of brain were labeled as vascular dementia. Results: Four hundred twenty two patients were included in this study. There were 232 (54.98 %) male and 190 (45.02 %) were female. The mean age ± SD of the patients was 72.58±5.34 years (95%CI: 72.07 to 73.09), similarly average duration of symptoms was 10.14±2.85 months. About 18.96% of patients were illiterate, 32.23% were matric, 28.44% were intermediate and 20.33% were graduate and post graduate. Hypertension and diabetes were the commonest co-morbid i.e. 81.3% and 73.7%, hyperlipedimia and smoking were 38.2% and 45% respectively. Frequency of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia in the elderly was observed in 3.79% (16/422) and 2.61% (11/422) cases. Conclusion: A good number of patients, 27 out of 422, in this hospital based study were suffering from Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Early detection and prompt treatment can reduce the burden of the disease in our population.

The professional medical journal, May 10, 2018

To study hematological profile in geriatric cases undergoing hemodialysis and compare with non-ge... more To study hematological profile in geriatric cases undergoing hemodialysis and compare with non-geriatric. Study Design: Descriptive Cross Sectional Study.

Pakistan biomedical journal, Aug 31, 2022

One of the most typical infectious disorders seen in medical practise, urinary tract infections (... more One of the most typical infectious disorders seen in medical practise, urinary tract infections (UTIs) affect persons of all ages. Around 150 million people get UTIs each year in the world, according to estimates [1]. People with diabetes mellitus experience UTIs more frequently than people without the condition [2], and they also experience UTIs that are more severe and are more likely to result in complications, such as dysuria (pain or burning when urinating), organ dysfunction, and occasionally even death from complicated UTI (pyelonephritis). UTIs are brought on by viruses, bacteria, and fungus that colonise and proliferate in the urinary tract. The frequency of viral and

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Novel corona virus has claimed significant mortality and morbidity. Time... more BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Novel corona virus has claimed significant mortality and morbidity. Timeline of long-term complications and effects on humanity are yet to be explored. Current study aims to evaluate the spectrum of post Covid syndromes in our Covid survivors. METHODOLOGY: This observational study was conducted at Medicine Dept. RIHS Islamabad after ethical approval. 195 recovered COVID cases were selected and followed 3 monthly over a year. Inclusion criteria: Age >12 years, both genders, Covid PCR+ve >4 weeks earlier. Exclusion criteria: Malignancies, pregnancy, recurrent Covid and that lost follow-up. Patients were evaluated for new onset generalized symptoms, respiratory, cardiovascular, neurological, hematological, gastrointestinal, dermatological and genitourinary supported by relevant investigations. Data analyzed by SPSS-22 with significant p<0.05. RESULTS: Amongst 195 cases, 102(52.3%) males and 93(47.7%) females, mean age was 42.35+14.31 years, mean durati...

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College

BACKGROUND: Current study aims to identify the perception, attitude and behavior about Covid and ... more BACKGROUND: Current study aims to identify the perception, attitude and behavior about Covid and plasma donation in the Covid cases. METHODOLOGY: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted ---removed for blind review---Adult COVID-19/post-Covid patients were included by consecutive sampling. The critically ill, mechanically ventilated cases were excluded. Special questionnaire was developed including the demographic variables, mode of transmission, personal hygiene, prevention, post covid immunity, re-infection, psychosocial factors, financial reservations and post covid life. Willingness for plasma donation, laboratory diagnostics and blood groups inquired. Data was collected by direct interview by researcher and analyzed by SPSS V.20. RESULTS: Mean age was 39.8+15 years; 122(54%) females and 104(46%) males. Total 163(73%) participants said Covid has impact on health, economy, social, mental and psychological state. 188(83%) considered Covid a threat to human life. 142(63...

Journal of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences

BACKGROUND: With the increased life expectancy, there is rise in geriatric diabetic population. A... more BACKGROUND: With the increased life expectancy, there is rise in geriatric diabetic population. A knowledgeable diabetic in collaboration with physician can contribute to a successful diabetes management plan. Current study was conducted to determine the diabetes knowledge, its associations and risk factors in elderly type 2 diabetics. METHODS: This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted at outdoor Medicine Dept. Rawal Institute of Health Sciences Islamabad over 8 months period from January to August 2015. Geriatric type 2 diabetics (>65 years) were included. Critically ill patients, having physical or mental limitation to answer the questionnaire were excluded. The demographic details, socioeconomic class, literacy level, duration of diabetes, other modes of therapy and glycemic control documented. Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ-24) was applied with outcome of diabetes knowledge as good, acceptable and poor. Data analyzed by SPSS version 17 with significant p-value < 0.05. RESULTS: Among 163 diabetics (21.5% males and 78.5% females), mean age was 64.7+5.6 years and mean duration of diabetes 8.4+6.6 years. Diabetes knowledge was poor in 86(52.8%), acceptable in 37(22.7%) and good in 40(24.5%) diabetics. Poor diabetes knowledge was found to be associated with illiteracy, poverty, unsatisfactory glycemic control, practicing other modes of therapy and poor dietary control. CONCLUSION: The unsatisfactory diabetes knowledge in geriatric diabetic population needs to be addressed. Illiteracy and low socioeconomic class are the contributory factors in addition to advanced age. Imparting knowledge to geriatric group about diabetes and its complications, dietary advice supplemented by easy to interpret diet charts and literature may lead to empowerment of geriatric diabetics for better diabetic control and reduced diabetes related morbidity.

Objective: To compare the therapeutic outcomes of plasmapheresis with intravenous immunoglobulins... more Objective: To compare the therapeutic outcomes of plasmapheresis with intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) for Guillain Barre syndrome. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Place and Duration of Study: Medicine department; PNS Shifa Hospital Karachi from Jan 2011 to Jun 2012. Patients and Methods: Adult patients admitted to internal medicine department with the diagnosis of Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS) fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included after taking ethical approval and informed consent. They were randomly assigned to plasmapheresis and IVIG treatment groups. Their presenting features, investigations and management plan were followed over 6 months duration. Hughes disability scale for Guillain Barre syndrome was documented and compared at admission, 4 weeks, 12 weeks and 6 months by non-parametric tests via SPSS version 17. Results: Total 36 patients (31 males & 5 females) were included. Mean age was 37 ± 15 (18-70) years, mean duration of symptoms 11...

Journal of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, 2018

The professional medical journal, Jun 10, 2019

PubMed, Mar 6, 2018

PubMed, Jul 19, 2017

PubMed, Apr 1, 2015

Journal of the Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Apr 29, 2020

The professional medical journal, Mar 10, 2020

The journal of Bahria University Medical and Dental College, Mar 31, 2023

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), May 26, 2021

The professional medical journal, Nov 10, 2020

The professional medical journal, Jan 10, 2020

Journal of the Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Mar 30, 2018

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, Sep 19, 2016

The professional medical journal, May 10, 2018

Pakistan biomedical journal, Aug 31, 2022

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College

Journal of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences

Journal of Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, 2018