Nasser Naghdi - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Nasser Naghdi

Neuroendocrinology, 2008

Body weight 80, 316 Brain 287 Ca 2+-binding protein 199 Cancer therapy 67 Cardiotoxicity 53 Cardi... more Body weight 80, 316 Brain 287 Ca 2+-binding protein 199 Cancer therapy 67 Cardiotoxicity 53 Cardiovascular regulation 256 Cell proliferation 67 Cellular pulsatility 1 Circadian 173-regulation 183-rhythms 246 Cognitive function 59 Corticosterone 293 Cytokines 227 D2 receptor 43 Diabetes mellitus 299 Dopamine 43 Ecstasy (MDMA) 95 Endocrine disruption 95 Energy balance 316 Epidermal growth factor-like repeat domains 199 Epididymis 135 Escitalopram 135 Estradiol 43 Estrogen 17, 111 Event-related potential 59 Fasting-induced adipose factor 25 Feeding 316 Female puberty 199 Fluorescent EMSA 1 329

Annals of Biological Research, 2013

The present research examined the Effect of error detection and time of decision making for reque... more The present research examined the Effect of error detection and time of decision making for request feedback in self-controlled conditions acquisition and retention of Breaststroke. For this purpose, seventy five students studying at Lahijan University were randomly divided into five groups: teacher-controlled (TC), self-controlled before (SCB), self-controlled before with error detection (SCB+ED), self-controlled after (SCA) and self-controlled after with error detection (SCA+ED). The learners participated in the pre-test, acquisition phase and retention test. Acquisition phase consisted of two sessions with 10 blocks of six trials; this was done separately for each segment involving the Arm stroke, Leg kick and Coordination portions. For each segment of the retention test, learners participated in the test 48 hours after the second training session. Data were analyzed by repeated measures and a 2 × 2 (time of decision making and error detection) ANOVA. Findings showed that the SCA and SCA+ED groups performed better than the other groups. Furthermore, all of the self-controlled groups, except for SCB, exhibited better performance than the TC group on the retention test. It can be concluded that the deciding time for feedback with the estimated error before receiving the demanded feedback resulted in better learning and retention.

It is important for people to improve cognitive and motor performance. The purpouse of this study... more It is important for people to improve cognitive and motor performance. The purpouse of this study was to investigate the effect of running on treadmill in spatial memory and learning and motor performance. 24 Albino-Wistar healthy male rats were randomly divided into control and activity groups. Activity group ran 7 days on treadmill (speed 22m/min 30 minutes a day). After the end of activity period, Morris Water Maze and open-field tests were done to respectively assess spatial learning and motor performance. It was used latency time, and distance moved to find platform to assess spatial learning, and distance moved, mobility duration, and movement speed to assess motor activity. It was used SEM±M and analyze variance (2groups*3days) and independent-t tests to analyze data. Results indicated that In spatial learning, activity group was significantly better in acquisition (distance moved F2,44=6.578 p=0.003 and latency time F2,44=10.550, p=0.000), probe (time spend in target quarter t22=2.534, p=0.019), and retrieval tests (distance moved t22=2.651, p-0.015) than control group. In motor activity there was no significant difference between two groups. The results of this study show that the forced running of rats on treadmill for a week can improve learning and memory.

PubMed, 2010

Background and the purpose of the study: The hippocampal formation is involved in nociception. Pr... more Background and the purpose of the study: The hippocampal formation is involved in nociception. Prenatal serotonin depletion results in a significant decrease in the concentration of nociceptive sensitivity during the second phase of behavioral response in the formalin test. Methods: A microdialysis probe was inserted via a guide cannula into the right CA1 region of the hippocampus. Extracellular serotonin (5HT) and its 5- hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5HIAA) metabolite overflow were collected every 10 min during the formalin test and measured by HPLC with electrochemichal detector. Results: Compared to the sham group, formalin injection in the hind paw of the rat significantly increased 5HT after 10, 30, 40, and 50 min and increased 5HIAA after 10, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min collection time periods in hippocampal dialysate. (n=6 for each group at each sampling time). In the formalin treated rats serotonin and 5HIAA concentrations increased in the biphasic pattern in concert with the first and second phases of formalin pain. Conclusion: The hippocampal formation might be involved in the processing of nociceptive information and serotonin-related mechanisms in the hippocampus may play a role in the biphasic behavioral responses to formalin noxious stimulation.

Experimental Brain Research, Mar 12, 2020

Herein field recordings were utilized to test the effects of a transient period of pentylenetetra... more Herein field recordings were utilized to test the effects of a transient period of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) treatment on thetaburst long-term potentiation (LTP) at the Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses as well as RT-PCR was used to investigate the effects of the combination of the pharmacological treatment and the theta-burst LTP induction on the expression of NMDA subunit mRNA in hippocampal slices. The slope of field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) was unaffected while the population spike amplitude and area were increased by a transient period of PTZ treatment (3 mM, 10 min). After a theta burst, a brief PTZ exposure can lead to an enhancement of LTP as documented by fEPSP recording. The effect can be blocked by a selective NMDA receptor antagonist DL-AP5. An increase in the expression of GluN2B and GluN2A subunit mRNAs was also shown due to the combined treatment. The results indicate that the combined treatment increases the degree of NMDA-dependent LTP and are in accord with literature data on the subunit alterations of the hippocampal NMDA receptors. Moreover, our experimental paradigm can be used as a new approach to study the relevance of LTP-like phenomena and epileptic mechanisms.

PubMed, Jul 6, 2022

Objective: Neurodegenerative diseases are considered an important cause of cognitive deficit and ... more Objective: Neurodegenerative diseases are considered an important cause of cognitive deficit and morbidity in old ages. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of these disorders affecting about 40 million people in the world at the present time. Available drug therapy is mostly symptomatic and does not modify or stop disease progression. Recently, biologically active chemicals from herbs have been studied to develop new therapeutic drugs. Carvacrol has shown positive properties on many neurological diseases. This compound is expected to have the ability to affect AD pathogenesis and therefore, it is considered an anti-AD agent. Materials and methods: This review was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar and Science Direct bibliographic databases until November 2021. For data collection, the following keywords were used: carvacrol, neuroprotective, cognition, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, Acetylcolinesterase inhibitor (AChEI), Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, epilepsy, stroke, ischemic brain injury, and neurodegenerative diseases. Results: This review summarizes in vitro and in vivo studies on protective potential of carvacrol in neurodegenerative disorders and various underlying mechanisms, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticholinesterase effects. Conclusion: We gave an overview of available literature concerning neuroprotective effects of carvacrol in ameliorating the neurodegenerative diseases symptoms in vivo and in vitro. Particular attention is given to AD. Several neuro-pharmacological actions of carvacrol have been summarized in the current review article including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and AChEI properties.

PubMed, Feb 7, 2015

Melissa officinalis L. (Labiatae) traditionally used in treating neurological disorders has also ... more Melissa officinalis L. (Labiatae) traditionally used in treating neurological disorders has also been identified as a memory-enhancing herb. The extract of M. officinalis has a cholinergic property. The role of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, the neurons that are destroyed in Alzheimer's disease (AD), in learning and memory, is also well known. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of cholinergic system on the memory improving activity of M. officinalis extract. The leaves of M. officinalis were extracted with ethanol 80% using the maceration method. Rats received intra-peritoneal injections of M. officinalis extract in different doses (50-400 mg/kg) alone or in combination with scopolamine (1 mg/kg) before being trained in a Morris water maze (MWM) in a single-day training protocol. After training, the acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) activity was measured in the hippocampus. Administration of M. officinalis extract (200 mg/kg) could significantly enhance learning and memory of naïve rats (p<0.001) and significantly ameliorate scopolamine-induced learning deficit, but the effect of the extract was not dose dependent, and doses above 200 mg/kg could neither enhance memory in naïve rats nor reverse scopolamine-induced memory impairment. Also, inhibition of AChE activity was observed in both naïve and scopolamine-induced memory-impaired rats. These results suggest that M. officinalis can improve memory and that the cholinergic property of the extract may contribute to the memory-improving effects observed in this study. Then M. officinalis extract has potential therapeutic value in alleviating certain memory impairment observed in AD.

Iranian biomedical journal, Jul 1, 2020

Background: Our previous findings indicated that carvacrol and thymol alleviate cognitive impairm... more Background: Our previous findings indicated that carvacrol and thymol alleviate cognitive impairments caused by Aβ in rodent models of AD. In this study, the neuroprotective effects of carvacrol and thymol against Aβ 25-35induced cytotoxicity were evaluated, and the potential mechanisms were determined. Methods: PC12 cells were pretreated with Aβ 25-35 for 2 h, followed by incubation with carvacrol or thymol for additional 48 h. Cell viability was measured by the MTT method. A flurospectrophotometer was employed to observe the intracellular ROS production. PKC activity was analyzed using ELISA. Results: Our results indicated that carvacrol and thymol could significantly protect PC12 cells against Aβ 25-35-induced cytotoxicity. Furthermore, Aβ 25-35 could induce intracellular ROS production, while carvacrol and thymol could reverse this effect. Moreover, our findings showed that carvacrol and thymol elevate PKC activity similar to Bryostatin-1, as a PKC activator. Conclusion: This study provided the evidence regarding the protective effects of carvacrol and thymol against Aβ 25-35-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells. The results suggested that the neuroprotective effects of these compounds against Aβ 25-35 might be through attenuating oxidative damage and increasing the activity of PKC as a memory-related protein. Thus, carvacrol and thymol were found to have therapeutic potential in preventing or modulating AD.

Research Square (Research Square), Dec 15, 2022

Purpose: Several factors such as stress disturb learning and memory, and interfere with normal hu... more Purpose: Several factors such as stress disturb learning and memory, and interfere with normal human life. The present study aimed to compare the effects of citalopram, aerobic exercise with treadmill, and swimming on learning and memory among stressed rats. Methods: The animals were exposed to different interventions such as immobility stress, running with gentle intensity, exercise in water, taking citalopram at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight for four weeks, and a combination of these interventions with stress or without intervention. Results: The results showed that stress affects learning and memory based on the distance traveled to the platform. The exercises counteracted stress-induced functional impairment, and swimming had a positive effect on learning and memory in stressed rats. However, contrary to expectations, taking citalopram did not prevent stress-induced dysfunction. In stress-free conditions, the interactive effects of treadmill and swimming training between sports groups (swimming and treadmill), control group, and stress groups were not signi cant. None of these interventions affected the recall. However, they were effective only in the acquisition phase. Conclusions: Exercising especially swimming, could be a substitute medication intervention since the effect of exercise with treadmill and that of water signi cantly differed by using citalopram while placing in stressful situations.

Iranian biomedical journal, Mar 1, 2020

Aging, as a major risk factor of memory deficiency, affects neural signaling pathways in hippocam... more Aging, as a major risk factor of memory deficiency, affects neural signaling pathways in hippocampus. In particular, age-dependent androgens deficiency causes cognitive impairments. Several enzymes like PKC are involved in memory deficiency. Indeed, PKC regulatory process mediates α-secretase activation to cleave APP in β-amyloid cascade and tau proteins phosphorylation mechanism. Androgens and cortisol regulate PKC signaling pathways, affecting the modulation of RACK1. Mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK signaling pathway depends on CREB activity in hippocampal neurons and is involved in regulatory processes via PKC and androgens. Therefore, testosterone and PKC contribute in the neuronal apoptosis. The present review summarizes the current status of androgens, PKC, and their influence on cognitive learning. Inconsistencies in experimental investigations related to this fundamental correlation are also discussed, with emphasis on the mentioned contributors as the probable potent candidates for learning and memory improvement.

Journal of Neurochemistry, Nov 1, 2005

Recently, we demonstrated that intrahippocampal infusion of the cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2-specific ... more Recently, we demonstrated that intrahippocampal infusion of the cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2-specific inhibitor celecoxib impaired spatial memory retention in the Morris water maze. In the present work, we investigated the effects of nicotine, infused in the rat dorsal hippocampus several minutes after infusion of celecoxib, on memory retention in the Morris water maze. Rats were trained for 3 days; each day included two blocks, and each block contained four trials. Test trials were conducted 48 h after surgery. As expected, bilateral intrahippocampal infusion of celecoxib (19 lg/side; 0.1 M) increased escape latency and travel distance in rats, indicating significant impairment of spatial memory retention. We also examined the effects of bilateral infusion of nicotine (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 lg/side) on memory retention. Infusion of 1 lg nicotine significantly decreased escape latency and travel distance but not swimming speed, compared with controls, suggesting memory retention enhancement by nicotine at this concentration. In separate experiments, bilateral infusion of nicotine, infused 5 min after 0.1 M (19 lg/side) celecoxib infusion, was associated with escape latency, travel distance and swimming speed profiles very similar to those in control animals. Brain tissue sections from several of these animals were subjected to immunohistochemical staining analysis with anti-COX-2 antibodies. Quantification analysis by optical density measurements showed that the celecoxib infusion reduced the immunoreactivity of COX-2-containing neurons in the CA1 area of the hippocampus compared with controls, although this reduction was not significant. However, infusion of a combination of celecoxib and nicotine significantly increased this immunoreactivity compared with levels in control and celecoxib-infused groups. These results suggest that nicotine prevented or reversed the adverse effects of celecoxib on spatial memory retention and protected or restored the immunostaining pattern of COX-2 neurons in the rat dorsal hippocampus.

Journal of Research in Rehabilitation Sciences, Aug 7, 2017

Introduction: This study was performed to compare the implicit motor sequence learning in childre... more Introduction: This study was performed to compare the implicit motor sequence learning in children with and without developmental coordination disorder. Materials and Methods: To compare the implicit motor learning, serial reaction time task (SRT) was designed and used in C++ programming environment. In this study, 24 participated children were divided into two equal groups of with and without developmental coordination disorder; they practiced 10 blocks of SRT task during the two days with an interval of 24 hours. At the beginning of the test, no explanation was given to learners about the appearance of stimuli and motor learning took place implicitly. Data were analyzed using independent-t and ANOVA tests. Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups of children with and without developmental coordination disorder in speed (P = 0.235) and precision (P = 0.072) components. However, comparing the between subjects effects during blocks of motor sequence acquisition phase (indicating) significant differences between children with and without developmental disorder in both speed and accuracy variable (P > 0.001). Conclusion: Although children with developmental coordination disorder have difficulties in acquisition and learning of everyday motor skills, their implicit motor sequence is intact. Therefore, in the process of teaching and rehabilitation of children with developmental coordination disorder, we can take advantage from implicit learning.

Physiology and Pharmacology, Jan 10, 2012

Introduction: Aging has negative effects on motor and cognitive functions, therefore finding appr... more Introduction: Aging has negative effects on motor and cognitive functions, therefore finding appropriate strategies to prevent the decline of these functions is necessary. It seems that cardiovascular fitness obtained by aerobic activity is a physiological mediator that explains the relationship between physical activity and improved cognitive performance. The aim of this research was to assess the effects of aerobic activity on spatial learning and motor activity in aged rats. Methods: 24 Albino Wistar healthy aged male rats were randomly divided into control (weight: 458±34 grams) and aerobic activity (weight: 443±40 grams) groups. Aerobic activity group ran 8 weeks on treadmill according to Brooks et al. (1984) protocol. After the end of physical activity period, Morris Water Maze and open-field tests were performed to assess spatial learning and motor function, respectively. Latency and distance moved to find platform were used as criteria of spatial learning, while distance moved, mobility duration and movement speed were used as criteria of motor function. Results: In spatial learning, aerobic activity group performed better in acquisition (distance moved (F 1,22 =8.59, p=0.004) and latency time (F 1,22 =7.22, p=0.007)), probe (time spent in target quadrant (t 22 =2.24, p=0.018)), and retrieval tests (distance moved (t 22 =2.823, p=0.005) and latency time (t 22 =3.73, p=0.001)) compared to the control group. Aerobic activity group performed also better in all indices of motor function including distance moved (t 22 =2.83, p=0.005), mobility duration (t 22 =2.15, p=0.03), and movement speed (t 22 =2.52, p=0.01) compared to control group. Conclusion: Results showed that aerobic activity improves spatial learning and motor function in aged rats.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of physical exercise and addiction of ... more The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of physical exercise and addiction of female rats on male offspring's physical growth indexes. The research method was experimental. Statistical population consisted of female rats (albino – wistar) obtained from Pasteur Institute, Iran. The data were gathered from 116 male offspring (including 4 groups: addicted mother– sporting mother – addictive sporting mother and intact group) and 80 mothers (to estimate the length of pregnancy). The drug used in this study was manufactured by Daroopakhsh factory. The findings from physical growth indexes (height, weight, head circumference and gestational days) suggested that addiction (before pregnancy) played an effective role in physical growth indexes within the first 5 days which can be due to the increased pregnancy period (P<0.001). But the growth process of those subjects born of sporting mothers was better (P<0.001) in a way that exercise in addicted mothers diminished the devastating effect of addiction.

international journal of endocrinology and metabolism, Oct 31, 2008

he hippocampus plays a vital role in spatial learning and memory. Testosterone appears to mediate... more he hippocampus plays a vital role in spatial learning and memory. Testosterone appears to mediate spatial discrimination and the GABAergic system has also been reported to have a critical role in this effect. In the present study we investigated the interaction between testosterone (androgenic receptor agonist) and bicuculline (GABAA receptor antagonist) on spatial learning and memory performance in male Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Cannulae were implanted into the CA1 of rats bilaterally and drugs were injected before daily training in the Morris water maze (MWM). In the first experiment, testosterone (0, 20, 40, 80-g the 0.5-l DMSO/side) was injected intra-CA1 before each session. In the second experiment, intra-CA1 injection of bicuculline (0, 1, 2, 4-g 0.5-l saline/side) were given before every session. In the last experiment, testosterone 80-g, 0.5-l and bicuculline 2-g, 0.5-l were injected into the CA1. Results: The results showed that testosterone 80-g or bicuculline 2-g, each given separately , and also microinjection of both testosterone + bicuculline increased travel distance and escape latency to find the platform, as compared to their vehicles. Conclusion: It is shown that administration of testosterone and bicuculline separately impaired spatial learning and memory. Microinjection of bicuculline after testosterone treatment did not change spatial learning impairment when compared to testosterone and bicuculline injected separately.

IRANIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE RESEARCH, 2018

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary zinc levels during gestation on p... more The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary zinc levels during gestation on physical development of offspring. The statistical population consisted of adult male and female rats (Albino-Wistar) which were obtained from Pasteur Institute, Iran. After mating, 9 pregnant female rats were divided into 3 groups: 1) Zinc deficient group (0.050.05). There was a significant decrease in crown-rump length in zinc supplement as compared to control group (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in brain growth (P>0.05). These findings suggest that zinc deficiency during the last three months of pregnancy impairs brain and physical growth of offspring and to impose enhanced zinc supplement during the last three months of pregnancy has negative effects on physical development.

Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 2005

Androgens have been shown to affect cognitive aspects of spatial memory. Testosterone which is th... more Androgens have been shown to affect cognitive aspects of spatial memory. Testosterone which is the most important androgen, plays a role in the organization of behavior during development. Also, it has been shown that androgens cause sex related differences in learning and memory especially during neonatal period. In the current study, we assessed the effects of castration and testosterone enanthate (TE) administration on spatial cognition. Multiple doses of testosterone enanthate (20, 40, 80 and 120 mg/Kg) were examined on different groups using Morris water maze. Spatial memory was preserved in castrated rats. There was also no difference among multiple doses and control groups. For control of the level of testosterone in the blood of casterated rats and intact rats, blood samples were collected from intact group and 7, 10, 12, 14, 21 days after casteration. Testosterone levels were measured by Radio-immuno assay (RIA) technique and compared among all groups. The level of testoste...