Norma Muñoz - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Norma Muñoz
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Mar 1, 2007
Obtención de masas ovígeras del caracol lancetilla, Strombus pugilis (Mesogastropoda: Strombidae)... more Obtención de masas ovígeras del caracol lancetilla, Strombus pugilis (Mesogastropoda: Strombidae) en condiciones de laboratorio
Elsevier eBooks, 2019
Abstract Clearly stated during the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in ch... more Abstract Clearly stated during the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in chapter 17 of “Agenda 21” and reinforced recently in the new Sustainable Development Goals proposed by the United Nations Development Program, oceans, seas, coast, and marine resources need to be properly managed for the future. Mexico possesses 11,122 km of coastline, shared among 17 coastal states with a total population of 55.4 million people (46% of the Mexican total population). The gross domestic product (GDP) emanating from the coastal states represents 40% of the national GDP and is mainly derived from industry, commerce, and services activities. Also, Mexican beaches are internationally recognized for their natural beauty. However, massive tourism, the high rate of resort development, environmental degradation and destruction, biodiversity loss, chaotic urban growth, pollution, sectorial conflicts, and the lack of public policies and programs at the local level increase the risk and vulnerability of the coastal environment. Three independent levels of government operate in Mexico: federal, state and municipal, each one with its own responsibilities and operative limitations defined by the Mexican Constitution. At the federal, state and municipal levels, several regulations are related to coastal management. The superposition and/or lack of specific regulatory tools creates a complex and sometimes chaotic framework for the development of coastal management initiatives. In recent years, a large effort has been undertaken at the federal level to solve this critical issue by creating the National Strategy for Ecological Ordinance of Seas and Coasts ( SEMARNAT, 2006a ), the National Environmental Policy for the Sustainable Development of Oceans and Coasts of Mexico ( SEMARNAT, 2006b ) and finally, the most comprehensive and integrated framework, the National Policy for Seas and Coasts ( CIMARES-SEMARNAT, 2016 ). Despite these efforts, Mexico still lacks a specific “coastal law” that promotes the creation, implementation, and monitoring of an Integrated Coastal Management Program. The main objective of this document is to analyze the actual coastal development model in Mexico and several models worldwide as well as their consequences and opportunities for sustainability. Grounded in an extensive interdisciplinary knowledge of public policies, public participation processes, and technical planning instruments, it proposes general action lines to address the problem of coastal management in Mexico from the integral analysis of the development observed in its coastal areas.
El modelo de desarrollo costero llevado a cabo en el municipio de Benito Juarez, Quintana Roo, au... more El modelo de desarrollo costero llevado a cabo en el municipio de Benito Juarez, Quintana Roo, aumenta la vulnerabilidad del sitio a los desastres de origen climatico. La construccion continua de edificios, que unicamente consideran la orientacion hacia el mar y su cercania para el placer de los turistas, y que responden a una planificacion de la economia local hacia el turismo de sol y playa, no toman en cuenta importantes consideraciones respecto al ordenamiento territorial y preservacion de los ecosistemas, han generado un alto riesgo para el municipio. Lo anterior ha sido particularmente notable con el paso de los huracanes Gilberto (1988) y Wilma (2005), con costos respectivos evaluados en 500 millones y 67 mil millones de dolares. A pesar de todo, se sigue promoviendo el mismo modelo de desarrollo en la region y en otros focos mas recientes del turismo de sol y playa en el pais. Este trabajo, en primer lugar, estudia el modelo de desarrollo del municipio de Benito Juarez; enseguida, presenta los desastres ocurridos desde su constitucion, asi como las proyecciones climaticas en la zona de estudio; en tercer lugar, analiza los mecanismos de respuesta implementados por los gobiernos estatal y local, y define los retos futuros, con el objetivo de fomentar la reflexion sobre la conveniencia de este modelo de desarrollo y la urgencia de desarrollar alternativas.
Environmental development, Jun 1, 2017
Large Marine Ecosystems located around the margins of the continents provide a countless number o... more Large Marine Ecosystems located around the margins of the continents provide a countless number of goods and services that sustain and fulfill human life and activities: seafood; habitats; energy sources; nutrient cycling and primary production; weather and climate regulation; coastal protection; water detoxification; sediments trapping; and cultural and economic services, among others. Of 66 Large Marine Ecosystems, ten LMEs are located along the
Life in this planet is a big concern for humanity, and biodiversity conservation is, without any ... more Life in this planet is a big concern for humanity, and biodiversity conservation is, without any doubt, one of the major key components to preserve life on Earth. Since Rio 1992, many actions, efforts, and instruments were developed and adopted to face the challenge of biodiversity conservation, such as the Convention on Biological Diversity, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Millennium Development Goals, 2030 Agenda, the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011–2020 and its Aichi Biodiversity Targets, the Implementation of Biodiversity, the Paris Agreement, the Marrakech Action Proclamation, and the Cartagena and Nagoya Protocols, among others. In addition to international compromises, every country member of the UNFCCC has its own legal instruments to protect and conserve biodiversity. Mexico is one of those countries with the high responsibility as a megadiverse country.
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Oct 3, 2017
The concentrations of Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, and Hg in diploid and triploid oysters from three farms (Gu... more The concentrations of Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, and Hg in diploid and triploid oysters from three farms (Guasave, Ahome, and Navolato) on the north-central coast of Sinaloa, Mexico, were assessed based on samples recovered during a single culture cycle 2013-2014. Metal burdens were more strongly correlated (p < 0.05) with the location of the farm than with either the ploidy or the interaction of both variables. The metal concentration ranking for oysters of both ploidies from the three farms was Zn > Cu > Cd > Pb > Hg. For all three farms, the mean concentrations of Cd and Pb in Crassostrea gigas were high, ranging from 2.52 to 7.98 μg/g wet weight for Cd and from 0.91 to 2.83 μg/g wet weight for Pb. Diploid and triploid oysters from the Guasave farm contained high levels of Cu (76.41 and 68.97 μg/g wet weight, respectively). Cu, Cd, and Zn were highly correlated (p < 0.05), and their concentrations may be influenced by agrochemical inputs. The mean levels of Cu for the Guasave farm and of Cd and Pb for all three farms exceeded permissible limits and represented a threat to human health during the sampling period (July 2014 to July 2014).
Actas INAGEQ, 2006
Las materias organica e inorganica forman la parte solida de la tierra. Del 2 al 6% de la tierra ... more Las materias organica e inorganica forman la parte solida de la tierra. Del 2 al 6% de la tierra esta compuesta por materia organica, y la mayoria se encuentra concentrada en los suelos. La ausencia de esta materia puede relacionarse con la degradacion de un suelo (erosion, intemperismo, escorrentia, etc). La concentraciones en porcentaje de la materia organica, ayuda a conocer la fertilidad de un suelos y a su vez es un indicador de la conservacion de la humedad asi como el contenido de nutrientes. A traves de la tecnica de Walkley- Black se determina en este trabajo la concentracion de materia organica y su relacion con la humedad y su posible fertilidad para un suelo dedicado a la agricultura tecnificada (secano y regadio) . Se hace una clasificacion en funcion de la concentracion de materia organica y el contenido de la humedad empleando la clasificacion de la Universidad de Ingenieria Agricola de Valladolid Espana. Los resultados muestran una ausencia de la materia organica consecuencia que ilustra a traves de una variacion espacial de la materia organica, el peligro potencial al cual se enfrenta el valle en cuestion dado que la fertilidad del suelo se vierte en la actualidad a traves del uso descontrolado de pesticidas, herbicidas, fungicidas, entre otros, lo que podria manifestarse en posibles danos presente y futuros, atentando la calidad de vida de los pobladores de la zona
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Sep 1, 2012
Revista De Biologia Tropical, May 20, 2004
Obtención de masas ovígeras del caracol lancetilla, Strombus pugilis (Mesogastropoda: Strombidae)... more Obtención de masas ovígeras del caracol lancetilla, Strombus pugilis (Mesogastropoda: Strombidae) en condiciones de laboratorio
Environmental development, Jun 1, 2017
This thematic issue on Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) Large Marine Ecosystems (LMEs) focuses ... more This thematic issue on Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) Large Marine Ecosystems (LMEs) focuses attention on a major geographic area of the world, where the goods and services of 10 LMEs are serving the needs of a population of over 500 million people inhabiting the region. The stressors affecting the sustainable development of the LAC-LMEs are negatively impacting the economies of the bordering countries from overfishing, pollution, nutrient overenrichment, habitat degradation, biodiversity loss and climate change. The papers presented in this issue represent a cross-section of assessment studies underway by marine scientists, policy makers and resource managers in the region in a movement to introduce ecosystem based management (EBM) practices for stressed LMEs. This movement is supported in part by an independent international financial entity, the Global Environment Facility (GEF), which exists to help meet the objectives of the international environmental conventions and agreements. The movement has been organized to advance a United Nations effort to assist economically developing nations in the LAC region and in other regions around the globe towards sustainable development of the oceans.
Frontiers in Climate
Natural and human-induced hazards and climatic risks threaten marine and coastal ecosystems world... more Natural and human-induced hazards and climatic risks threaten marine and coastal ecosystems worldwide, with severe consequences for these socio-ecological systems. Therefore, assessing climate vulnerability (exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity) and the cumulative environmental impacts of multiple hazards are essential in coastal planning and management. In this article, we review some approaches used in climate vulnerability assessment and marine and coastal cumulative environmental impacts to learn about state-of-the-art on the subject. Besides, we qualitatively evaluated the climatic vulnerability of five coastal regions of Venezuela using the IPCC concept of Reasons for Concern (RFCs) to determine their level of climatic exposure. We also assessed the cumulative environmental impact of multiple stressors on marine and terrestrial ecosystems using a well-known impact assessment method partially modified to explore the feasibility of this model in data-poor areas. However, ...
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Nov 1, 2021
El acuifero del Rio Sinaloa, tiene agua salina por intrusion marina y por genesis tectonica de su... more El acuifero del Rio Sinaloa, tiene agua salina por intrusion marina y por genesis tectonica de su geologia. Presenta cuerpos de agua subterranea salobres atrapados intercontinentalmente. La importancia de caracterizar estos cuerpos redunda en su aprovechamiento para el desarrollo de diversas actividades. Por tal, los objetivos fueron: (1) presentar una alternativa de desarrollo socioeconomico local (acuicultura), disponiendo del agua subterranea; (2) generar un mapa de variacion espacial de los cuerpos de agua subterranea salobre con potencial de explotacion. Se aplico magnetometria para calcular el campo magnetico total (CMT) y localizar sitios con posible presencia de agua salobre. A 5 sitios, se les aplico Sondeos Electricos Verticales (SEV ?s) para conocer la salinidad y profundidad del agua subterranea. Perforando los 5 pozos, se muestreo agua para validar la informacion de los SEV ?s mediante la concentracion media de indicadores fisicoquimicos. El SEV 4 presento la minima res...
Las tilapias fuera de su ambiente geografico son sensibles y no se encuentran en el mercado todo ... more Las tilapias fuera de su ambiente geografico son sensibles y no se encuentran en el mercado todo el ano. Antes de tomar decisiones y realizar costosas inversiones, se recomienda identificar los momentos mas convenientes. El objetivo de este trabajo fue disenar y aplicar una herramienta numerica (HN) que defina los momentos de mayor sensibilidad ante el ambiente local. Para lograrlo se usaron datos de 196 dias de un cultivo bajo control de dos variedades de tilapias Oreochromis niloticos (Stirling y Chitralada) para definir la curva de peso w(t). En el cultivo se usaron cuatro pares de estanques rusticos a una densidad de siembra de 5 alevines/m3 y 4 tipos de aguas: subterranea, rio, canal agricola y laguna. Los indicadores de los efectos anomalos, beneficos y del equilibrio ambiental durante la temporada de frio y calor fueron: la zona de transicion principal (Ztp), los puntos primarios (Pp), las zonas de transicion secundarias (Zts) y puntos secundarios (Pp) identificados con un fi...
región y sociedad, 2020
Con el objetivo de generar propuestas que robustezcan la gobernanza ambiental, en el presente art... more Con el objetivo de generar propuestas que robustezcan la gobernanza ambiental, en el presente artículo se estudia la participación social en la gestión del Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna Islas Golfo de California. A partir de observación directa y de entrevistas semiestructuradas a 29 actores, se analizó la percepción de funcionarios, especialistas y usuarios respecto a dicha participación en el marco de una indagación con enfoque cualitativo. La mayor limitante para el análisis fue el rechazo abierto de algunos usuarios de esta área protegida a ser entrevistados por desconfianza a las entidades públicas. Da originalidad al artículo la recopilación de experiencias y percepciones de actores directos en la gestión del área mencionada. Se concluye que la Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas carece de credibilidad ante la organización social como resultado de una instrumentación vertical de sus estrategias sin considerar de manera efectiva la participación de las comunid...
Ra Ximhai, 2010
Sinaloa tiene la mayor superficie agrícola de riego en el país, por lo que las actividades agrope... more Sinaloa tiene la mayor superficie agrícola de riego en el país, por lo que las actividades agropecuarias son importantes, no sólo por su aportación económica, sino también por el deterioro ambiental que presentan. El efecto principal es sobre el uso del agua, donde se estima sobreexplotación de los acuíferos por percolación de plaguicidas y otros desechos, lo que ocasiona daños en los ecosistemas y a la salud. Por otro lado, la agricultura consume 80% del agua dulce disponible en la región, razón por la cual la región del Golfo de California se encuentra sobreexplotada. Se destaca la importancia de implementar estrategias de conservación para revertir y remediar repercusiones futuras sobre los mantos freáticos y evitar escenarios de contaminación por intrusión salina.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2016
The largest number of tropical cyclones (TCs) is generated in the northeastern Pacific Basin. The... more The largest number of tropical cyclones (TCs) is generated in the northeastern Pacific Basin. These storms can produce extreme precipitation (EP) in northwestern Mexico, causing loss of life and environmental damage. It is important to understand the dynamics that cause the EP associated with TCs, since most human activity requires planning to adjust to the dynamics of local climate changes. Therefore, in this work the goal was to estimate the trends and return periods of the average annual daily extreme precipitation (AADEP; 95th percentile, P95) in the June-September season in the core North American monsoon. To do this, daily precipitation data from 1961 to 2000 from 48 climate computing (CLICOM) weather stations located in the core of the North American monsoon were used to determine AADEP: 1. Non-parametric trends with Mann-Kendall tests and Sen's slope estimator. 2. Linear trends of annual averages of 95 (P95) and 99 (P99) percentiles with the least squares method. 3. Return periods with the Gumbel frequency distribution function. The results disclose a significant upward trend in the intensity of P95 increases in mountain stations, which may be related to a greater contribution of precipitation associated with TCs. The seasonal contribution of P95 in coastal stations and the total monsoon precipitation did not show statistical significance at α = 0.05. The return periods of P95 associated and not associated with TC's from 2005 to 2500 were calculated. Return periods of P99 have been rising since 2010 and will continue to 2500. For P95 events associated with TCs, the anomalies are expressed with synoptic conditions of simultaneous positive anomalies in the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (+PDO), negative anomalies in the
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Mar 1, 2007
Obtención de masas ovígeras del caracol lancetilla, Strombus pugilis (Mesogastropoda: Strombidae)... more Obtención de masas ovígeras del caracol lancetilla, Strombus pugilis (Mesogastropoda: Strombidae) en condiciones de laboratorio
Elsevier eBooks, 2019
Abstract Clearly stated during the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in ch... more Abstract Clearly stated during the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in chapter 17 of “Agenda 21” and reinforced recently in the new Sustainable Development Goals proposed by the United Nations Development Program, oceans, seas, coast, and marine resources need to be properly managed for the future. Mexico possesses 11,122 km of coastline, shared among 17 coastal states with a total population of 55.4 million people (46% of the Mexican total population). The gross domestic product (GDP) emanating from the coastal states represents 40% of the national GDP and is mainly derived from industry, commerce, and services activities. Also, Mexican beaches are internationally recognized for their natural beauty. However, massive tourism, the high rate of resort development, environmental degradation and destruction, biodiversity loss, chaotic urban growth, pollution, sectorial conflicts, and the lack of public policies and programs at the local level increase the risk and vulnerability of the coastal environment. Three independent levels of government operate in Mexico: federal, state and municipal, each one with its own responsibilities and operative limitations defined by the Mexican Constitution. At the federal, state and municipal levels, several regulations are related to coastal management. The superposition and/or lack of specific regulatory tools creates a complex and sometimes chaotic framework for the development of coastal management initiatives. In recent years, a large effort has been undertaken at the federal level to solve this critical issue by creating the National Strategy for Ecological Ordinance of Seas and Coasts ( SEMARNAT, 2006a ), the National Environmental Policy for the Sustainable Development of Oceans and Coasts of Mexico ( SEMARNAT, 2006b ) and finally, the most comprehensive and integrated framework, the National Policy for Seas and Coasts ( CIMARES-SEMARNAT, 2016 ). Despite these efforts, Mexico still lacks a specific “coastal law” that promotes the creation, implementation, and monitoring of an Integrated Coastal Management Program. The main objective of this document is to analyze the actual coastal development model in Mexico and several models worldwide as well as their consequences and opportunities for sustainability. Grounded in an extensive interdisciplinary knowledge of public policies, public participation processes, and technical planning instruments, it proposes general action lines to address the problem of coastal management in Mexico from the integral analysis of the development observed in its coastal areas.
El modelo de desarrollo costero llevado a cabo en el municipio de Benito Juarez, Quintana Roo, au... more El modelo de desarrollo costero llevado a cabo en el municipio de Benito Juarez, Quintana Roo, aumenta la vulnerabilidad del sitio a los desastres de origen climatico. La construccion continua de edificios, que unicamente consideran la orientacion hacia el mar y su cercania para el placer de los turistas, y que responden a una planificacion de la economia local hacia el turismo de sol y playa, no toman en cuenta importantes consideraciones respecto al ordenamiento territorial y preservacion de los ecosistemas, han generado un alto riesgo para el municipio. Lo anterior ha sido particularmente notable con el paso de los huracanes Gilberto (1988) y Wilma (2005), con costos respectivos evaluados en 500 millones y 67 mil millones de dolares. A pesar de todo, se sigue promoviendo el mismo modelo de desarrollo en la region y en otros focos mas recientes del turismo de sol y playa en el pais. Este trabajo, en primer lugar, estudia el modelo de desarrollo del municipio de Benito Juarez; enseguida, presenta los desastres ocurridos desde su constitucion, asi como las proyecciones climaticas en la zona de estudio; en tercer lugar, analiza los mecanismos de respuesta implementados por los gobiernos estatal y local, y define los retos futuros, con el objetivo de fomentar la reflexion sobre la conveniencia de este modelo de desarrollo y la urgencia de desarrollar alternativas.
Environmental development, Jun 1, 2017
Large Marine Ecosystems located around the margins of the continents provide a countless number o... more Large Marine Ecosystems located around the margins of the continents provide a countless number of goods and services that sustain and fulfill human life and activities: seafood; habitats; energy sources; nutrient cycling and primary production; weather and climate regulation; coastal protection; water detoxification; sediments trapping; and cultural and economic services, among others. Of 66 Large Marine Ecosystems, ten LMEs are located along the
Life in this planet is a big concern for humanity, and biodiversity conservation is, without any ... more Life in this planet is a big concern for humanity, and biodiversity conservation is, without any doubt, one of the major key components to preserve life on Earth. Since Rio 1992, many actions, efforts, and instruments were developed and adopted to face the challenge of biodiversity conservation, such as the Convention on Biological Diversity, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Millennium Development Goals, 2030 Agenda, the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011–2020 and its Aichi Biodiversity Targets, the Implementation of Biodiversity, the Paris Agreement, the Marrakech Action Proclamation, and the Cartagena and Nagoya Protocols, among others. In addition to international compromises, every country member of the UNFCCC has its own legal instruments to protect and conserve biodiversity. Mexico is one of those countries with the high responsibility as a megadiverse country.
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Oct 3, 2017
The concentrations of Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, and Hg in diploid and triploid oysters from three farms (Gu... more The concentrations of Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, and Hg in diploid and triploid oysters from three farms (Guasave, Ahome, and Navolato) on the north-central coast of Sinaloa, Mexico, were assessed based on samples recovered during a single culture cycle 2013-2014. Metal burdens were more strongly correlated (p < 0.05) with the location of the farm than with either the ploidy or the interaction of both variables. The metal concentration ranking for oysters of both ploidies from the three farms was Zn > Cu > Cd > Pb > Hg. For all three farms, the mean concentrations of Cd and Pb in Crassostrea gigas were high, ranging from 2.52 to 7.98 μg/g wet weight for Cd and from 0.91 to 2.83 μg/g wet weight for Pb. Diploid and triploid oysters from the Guasave farm contained high levels of Cu (76.41 and 68.97 μg/g wet weight, respectively). Cu, Cd, and Zn were highly correlated (p < 0.05), and their concentrations may be influenced by agrochemical inputs. The mean levels of Cu for the Guasave farm and of Cd and Pb for all three farms exceeded permissible limits and represented a threat to human health during the sampling period (July 2014 to July 2014).
Actas INAGEQ, 2006
Las materias organica e inorganica forman la parte solida de la tierra. Del 2 al 6% de la tierra ... more Las materias organica e inorganica forman la parte solida de la tierra. Del 2 al 6% de la tierra esta compuesta por materia organica, y la mayoria se encuentra concentrada en los suelos. La ausencia de esta materia puede relacionarse con la degradacion de un suelo (erosion, intemperismo, escorrentia, etc). La concentraciones en porcentaje de la materia organica, ayuda a conocer la fertilidad de un suelos y a su vez es un indicador de la conservacion de la humedad asi como el contenido de nutrientes. A traves de la tecnica de Walkley- Black se determina en este trabajo la concentracion de materia organica y su relacion con la humedad y su posible fertilidad para un suelo dedicado a la agricultura tecnificada (secano y regadio) . Se hace una clasificacion en funcion de la concentracion de materia organica y el contenido de la humedad empleando la clasificacion de la Universidad de Ingenieria Agricola de Valladolid Espana. Los resultados muestran una ausencia de la materia organica consecuencia que ilustra a traves de una variacion espacial de la materia organica, el peligro potencial al cual se enfrenta el valle en cuestion dado que la fertilidad del suelo se vierte en la actualidad a traves del uso descontrolado de pesticidas, herbicidas, fungicidas, entre otros, lo que podria manifestarse en posibles danos presente y futuros, atentando la calidad de vida de los pobladores de la zona
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Sep 1, 2012
Revista De Biologia Tropical, May 20, 2004
Obtención de masas ovígeras del caracol lancetilla, Strombus pugilis (Mesogastropoda: Strombidae)... more Obtención de masas ovígeras del caracol lancetilla, Strombus pugilis (Mesogastropoda: Strombidae) en condiciones de laboratorio
Environmental development, Jun 1, 2017
This thematic issue on Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) Large Marine Ecosystems (LMEs) focuses ... more This thematic issue on Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) Large Marine Ecosystems (LMEs) focuses attention on a major geographic area of the world, where the goods and services of 10 LMEs are serving the needs of a population of over 500 million people inhabiting the region. The stressors affecting the sustainable development of the LAC-LMEs are negatively impacting the economies of the bordering countries from overfishing, pollution, nutrient overenrichment, habitat degradation, biodiversity loss and climate change. The papers presented in this issue represent a cross-section of assessment studies underway by marine scientists, policy makers and resource managers in the region in a movement to introduce ecosystem based management (EBM) practices for stressed LMEs. This movement is supported in part by an independent international financial entity, the Global Environment Facility (GEF), which exists to help meet the objectives of the international environmental conventions and agreements. The movement has been organized to advance a United Nations effort to assist economically developing nations in the LAC region and in other regions around the globe towards sustainable development of the oceans.
Frontiers in Climate
Natural and human-induced hazards and climatic risks threaten marine and coastal ecosystems world... more Natural and human-induced hazards and climatic risks threaten marine and coastal ecosystems worldwide, with severe consequences for these socio-ecological systems. Therefore, assessing climate vulnerability (exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity) and the cumulative environmental impacts of multiple hazards are essential in coastal planning and management. In this article, we review some approaches used in climate vulnerability assessment and marine and coastal cumulative environmental impacts to learn about state-of-the-art on the subject. Besides, we qualitatively evaluated the climatic vulnerability of five coastal regions of Venezuela using the IPCC concept of Reasons for Concern (RFCs) to determine their level of climatic exposure. We also assessed the cumulative environmental impact of multiple stressors on marine and terrestrial ecosystems using a well-known impact assessment method partially modified to explore the feasibility of this model in data-poor areas. However, ...
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Nov 1, 2021
El acuifero del Rio Sinaloa, tiene agua salina por intrusion marina y por genesis tectonica de su... more El acuifero del Rio Sinaloa, tiene agua salina por intrusion marina y por genesis tectonica de su geologia. Presenta cuerpos de agua subterranea salobres atrapados intercontinentalmente. La importancia de caracterizar estos cuerpos redunda en su aprovechamiento para el desarrollo de diversas actividades. Por tal, los objetivos fueron: (1) presentar una alternativa de desarrollo socioeconomico local (acuicultura), disponiendo del agua subterranea; (2) generar un mapa de variacion espacial de los cuerpos de agua subterranea salobre con potencial de explotacion. Se aplico magnetometria para calcular el campo magnetico total (CMT) y localizar sitios con posible presencia de agua salobre. A 5 sitios, se les aplico Sondeos Electricos Verticales (SEV ?s) para conocer la salinidad y profundidad del agua subterranea. Perforando los 5 pozos, se muestreo agua para validar la informacion de los SEV ?s mediante la concentracion media de indicadores fisicoquimicos. El SEV 4 presento la minima res...
Las tilapias fuera de su ambiente geografico son sensibles y no se encuentran en el mercado todo ... more Las tilapias fuera de su ambiente geografico son sensibles y no se encuentran en el mercado todo el ano. Antes de tomar decisiones y realizar costosas inversiones, se recomienda identificar los momentos mas convenientes. El objetivo de este trabajo fue disenar y aplicar una herramienta numerica (HN) que defina los momentos de mayor sensibilidad ante el ambiente local. Para lograrlo se usaron datos de 196 dias de un cultivo bajo control de dos variedades de tilapias Oreochromis niloticos (Stirling y Chitralada) para definir la curva de peso w(t). En el cultivo se usaron cuatro pares de estanques rusticos a una densidad de siembra de 5 alevines/m3 y 4 tipos de aguas: subterranea, rio, canal agricola y laguna. Los indicadores de los efectos anomalos, beneficos y del equilibrio ambiental durante la temporada de frio y calor fueron: la zona de transicion principal (Ztp), los puntos primarios (Pp), las zonas de transicion secundarias (Zts) y puntos secundarios (Pp) identificados con un fi...
región y sociedad, 2020
Con el objetivo de generar propuestas que robustezcan la gobernanza ambiental, en el presente art... more Con el objetivo de generar propuestas que robustezcan la gobernanza ambiental, en el presente artículo se estudia la participación social en la gestión del Área de Protección de Flora y Fauna Islas Golfo de California. A partir de observación directa y de entrevistas semiestructuradas a 29 actores, se analizó la percepción de funcionarios, especialistas y usuarios respecto a dicha participación en el marco de una indagación con enfoque cualitativo. La mayor limitante para el análisis fue el rechazo abierto de algunos usuarios de esta área protegida a ser entrevistados por desconfianza a las entidades públicas. Da originalidad al artículo la recopilación de experiencias y percepciones de actores directos en la gestión del área mencionada. Se concluye que la Comisión Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas carece de credibilidad ante la organización social como resultado de una instrumentación vertical de sus estrategias sin considerar de manera efectiva la participación de las comunid...
Ra Ximhai, 2010
Sinaloa tiene la mayor superficie agrícola de riego en el país, por lo que las actividades agrope... more Sinaloa tiene la mayor superficie agrícola de riego en el país, por lo que las actividades agropecuarias son importantes, no sólo por su aportación económica, sino también por el deterioro ambiental que presentan. El efecto principal es sobre el uso del agua, donde se estima sobreexplotación de los acuíferos por percolación de plaguicidas y otros desechos, lo que ocasiona daños en los ecosistemas y a la salud. Por otro lado, la agricultura consume 80% del agua dulce disponible en la región, razón por la cual la región del Golfo de California se encuentra sobreexplotada. Se destaca la importancia de implementar estrategias de conservación para revertir y remediar repercusiones futuras sobre los mantos freáticos y evitar escenarios de contaminación por intrusión salina.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2016
The largest number of tropical cyclones (TCs) is generated in the northeastern Pacific Basin. The... more The largest number of tropical cyclones (TCs) is generated in the northeastern Pacific Basin. These storms can produce extreme precipitation (EP) in northwestern Mexico, causing loss of life and environmental damage. It is important to understand the dynamics that cause the EP associated with TCs, since most human activity requires planning to adjust to the dynamics of local climate changes. Therefore, in this work the goal was to estimate the trends and return periods of the average annual daily extreme precipitation (AADEP; 95th percentile, P95) in the June-September season in the core North American monsoon. To do this, daily precipitation data from 1961 to 2000 from 48 climate computing (CLICOM) weather stations located in the core of the North American monsoon were used to determine AADEP: 1. Non-parametric trends with Mann-Kendall tests and Sen's slope estimator. 2. Linear trends of annual averages of 95 (P95) and 99 (P99) percentiles with the least squares method. 3. Return periods with the Gumbel frequency distribution function. The results disclose a significant upward trend in the intensity of P95 increases in mountain stations, which may be related to a greater contribution of precipitation associated with TCs. The seasonal contribution of P95 in coastal stations and the total monsoon precipitation did not show statistical significance at α = 0.05. The return periods of P95 associated and not associated with TC's from 2005 to 2500 were calculated. Return periods of P99 have been rising since 2010 and will continue to 2500. For P95 events associated with TCs, the anomalies are expressed with synoptic conditions of simultaneous positive anomalies in the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (+PDO), negative anomalies in the