Osman Metalla - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Osman Metalla
Interdisciplinary Journal of Research and Development
The European Union joint maritime policy is a wide approach of all European Union policies linked... more The European Union joint maritime policy is a wide approach of all European Union policies linked with the sea. This policy is based upon the idea that by coordinating all activities linked with oceans, sea and coasts, the European Union would benefit higher rates of yields by its maritime space with a smaller mass of impact on environment. The joint maritime policy aims at strengthening the so-called ‘blue economy’, which includes all the economic maritime activities. The maritime transport plays a fundamental role and will continue to do so at world and European trade. In economic terms 77 percent of European foreign trade and 35 percent of that between European Union countries happen through the sea. This is the key reason because the maritime transport represents a core part in the international supply chain. Even with the decline of this activity in maritime sector due to Covid-19 Pandemic, a significant increase is foreseen in the next 10 years. To face challenges of Pandemic,...
The European Union joint maritime policy is a wide approach of all European Union policies linked... more The European Union joint maritime policy is a wide approach of all European Union policies linked with the sea. This policy is based upon the idea that by coordinating all activities linked with oceans, sea and coasts, the European Union would benefit higher rates of yields by its maritime space with a smaller mass of impact on environment. The joint maritime policy aims at strengthening the so-called 'blue economy', which includes all the economic maritime activities. The maritime transport plays a fundamental role and will continue to do so at world and European trade. In economic terms 77 percent of European foreign trade and 35 percent of that between European Union countries happen through the sea. This is the key reason because the maritime transport represents a core part in the international supply chain. Even with the decline of this activity in maritime sector due to Covid-19 Pandemic, a significant increase is foreseen in the next 10 years. To face challenges of Pandemic, the European Union took few measures that are linked with the health security, repatriation and maritime traveling ways of passengers and other persons on the boards. This article seeks to analyze the response that European Union and its institutions have provided to the situation through recommendations and regulations to normalize an important sector for the future of the Union.
Interdisciplinary Journal of Research and Development
The development of the public international law of the sea is considered a legal element insepara... more The development of the public international law of the sea is considered a legal element inseparable from the historical-legal process of the adoption and development of international law in general. Although the basic concepts of general maritime legislation are found in the customary maritime law of ancient Rome and Greece, as well as in the rules of medieval maritime codes created by Hispanic, Italian, and English city-states between the 11th and XVth centuries in Europe, the law of the sea in the contemporary sense of the term, was adopted as a result of interrelations between European states with maritime interests during the period known as the modern or post-medieval era of history. International law of the sea, as it is considered today, developed only when the necessity of the creation of independent territorial states enabled the true development of international relations in Europe. This radical change in the international system, the beginnings of which can be found in t...
Sustainable Maritime Transportation and Exploitation of Sea Resources, 2011
Pollack Periodica
This paper represents a noise pollution survey in Durrës city, Albania. There are four survey are... more This paper represents a noise pollution survey in Durrës city, Albania. There are four survey areas defined: A (central), B (industrial), C (suburban), D (residential + beach) during two intervals times (morning and night). The equipment used for noise measurement was Testo 816-1 where data were categorized according to levels L eq , L min, L max, and L ave . The contrast of L eq levels versus the standard levels based on the 2002/49/EC Directive showed that L eq levels overcome the limits. In conclusion, the high equivalent noise level mostly has been during the morning with L eq > 55 dB, which brings serious health concerns to residents near these regions. At night in most of these stations, the equivalent noise levels resulted higher than 45 dB, which is above EU directive and Albanian standards. The survey results will also serve local institutions to manage the situation and to address problems at the governmental level.
Časopis Pomorskog fakulteta Kotor - Journal of Maritime Sciences
Albania is a maritime country, and maritime transport is the backbone of its economy. In 2021 mar... more Albania is a maritime country, and maritime transport is the backbone of its economy. In 2021 maritime transport counted for about 59% of trading vol-umes, and Durres port handled more than 91% of all seaborne cargoes [1]. Durres Container’s terminal is the only terminal handling containers in Alba-nia. This terminal is operating under some limitations which are affecting its performance. These limitations are the lack of container storage area, in-creasing the container's dwell time and creating container congestion and the immediate need for more storage spaces, limited water depth at the access channel and port basin, lack of container handling cranes, and lack of railway connections, etc. This paper will focus on terminal needs for storage areas and aims to analyze the current situation and identify the space needed for the projected cargoes 15 years ahead based on historical data and using 2021 as the base year. A multi regression analysis [2] is used to identify the de-man...
European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 2015
One of the main issues addressed while designing the social insurance system and the old age pens... more One of the main issues addressed while designing the social insurance system and the old age pension programs is how to make the system and programs produce incentives relating the savings and income redistribution as well as to function on the insurance principle (1). The saving consists in smoothing consumption over life time, postponement of consumption from early life time, period of active work and higher earnings to the old age period, when incomes are lower and due to old age it is impossible to generate earnings. Redistribution consists in transferring life time incomes from a person to another in retairement age in order to avoid poverty. A person with low incomes during the life time could save sufficiently for the old age period but this probably could lead to poverty during the working period. The redistribution avoids this fenomenon and create a beter financial situation for all in old age period. Functioning upon the insurance principle entails payment of social insura...
Measuring the port performance indicators is not an easy exercise. Many authors have investigated... more Measuring the port performance indicators is not an easy exercise. Many authors have investigated on defining port performance indicators. The weight of these indicators varies from port to port, its location, the nature of cargoes that this ports usually handles, port infrastructure, facilities and equipment and so on. The aim of this paper was to define the most important port performance indicators, in order to address the port operators and administration efforts to improve the overall port performance. The methodology used in this study includes questionnaires, which are complied in such a way as to obtain clear information on the weight of the performance indicators. For this purpose, questionnaires included questions on main performance categories such as port condition, operational condition, port equipment, quality of services offered, management quality, as well as subsequent questions for each category. A total of 105 questionnaires were handed out and only 82 were handed...
7th ERAZ Conference Proceedings (part of ERAZ conference collection)
The inspection of noise pollution in urban areas can affect positively the health and welfare of... more The inspection of noise pollution in urban areas can affect positively the health and welfare of residents. This paper analyzes the noise pollution in high-traffic streets of different areas in Durres Municipality. Measurements carried out by using TESTO 816-1 supply were investigated and compared to see the highest equivalent noise level during morning and night time. The results were evidenced and conclusions were reported. It was found a difference between the average equivalent noise levels of areas/streets monitored. During morning the highest value was observed in the industrial area (Dogana street) with = 61.02 dB followed by the commercial area (Adria street) with = 59.04 dB and the residential area (Stefan Kaculini - Glaukia street) with = 57.6 dB. The highest equivalent noise level during the night was observed in the commercial area (Egnatia street) with = 52.04 dB. The findings achieved by this study showed also that noise pollution levels noticed were higher than perm...
7th ERAZ Conference Proceedings (part of ERAZ conference collection), 2021
The effects of Covid 19 have hit the global economy; therefore, the Albanian economy could not be... more The effects of Covid 19 have hit the global economy; therefore, the Albanian economy could not be excluded from these effects. This paper examines the issues that small and medium enterprises in Albania are facing under the current conditions identifying the most significant difficulties the SMEs are facing. SMEs have been severely affected, starting with the illnesses of the employers, quarantine and lockdown of the businesses reduced demand for different products and insufficient supply. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the effects that Covid-19 had in small and medium enterprises regarding the consequences of restriction measures taken by the government had in terms of production, income, number of employees reduction, the way of doing business and how ready are these companies to return in the post-Covid period. The data were gathered through structured questionnaires and analysed by the authors. The result shows that Small and Medium Size Enterprises have been heavily...
7th ERAZ Conference Proceedings (part of ERAZ conference collection), 2021
In recent years the urban population in Durres city has grown exponentially, leading to an incre... more In recent years the urban population in Durres city has grown exponentially, leading to an increase of CO2 and consequently contributing on a large scale to climate change. Urban trees are basic to sequester CO2 emissions as they incorporate carbon in their biomass. The amount of C02 sequestration from green surfaces in Durres city was 50.13 ∙ 106 kg/year instead of 116.35 ∙ 106 kg/year that it should be. Increasing the amount of green vegetation, the energy that can be stored will be 3.7 ∙ 105 MWh compared with the actual value of 162,48 MWh. Consequently, water carrying capacity will be 2321 times more than the amount of water needed to maintain the present public green spaces. These data can be used to help assess the actual and potential role of green trees in reducing atmospheric CO2, a dominant greenhouse gas. This study was conducted under the project “Green lungs for our cities - Alternative and comprehensive platform for monitoring air quality, noise pollution and urba...
Transport has a great impact on environmental pollution, due to gas emission, which generates 25%... more Transport has a great impact on environmental pollution, due to gas emission, which generates 25% of CO2 global emission. In Albania, the number of vehicles has exceeded half million and has a tendency to keep rising. The average age of these vehicles is relatively high and most of them operate in the DURANA region, Albania (this region consists of Tirana and Durrës). The application of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) is an impressive opportunity to reduce transporting time, to increase the magnitude of networks, to diminish traffic congestion and to decrease energy consumption. All of the above combined, induce the reduction of gas emission in 10%. The implementation of ITS systems will affect public transport as well, making it more reliable, effective and more appealing, in order to promote its usage. Following the application of ITS, several efficient itineraries can be planned and the chauffeurs will be given instructions on the way of circulating in these itineraries. This...
The Adriatic Sea area represents an important European HUB for the transport of good flows coming... more The Adriatic Sea area represents an important European HUB for the transport of good flows coming from the entire globe. Approximately 126 million ton per year (nearly 21%) of this flow passes throughout this zone into the continent. The port of Durrës is a crucial part of the eastern region ports network. This paper analyses the traffic flows that goes from EU toward Balkans. Albania is situated in the center of this traffic flow and can play an important role as a transport hub. This paper evaluates the possibilities that Albania has in order to become a central transport hub, throughout combined and integrated infrastructure investments. The substantial investments made in the ports infrastructure and Albanian road network of this area have given way to the manufacturing process of part of this flow that passes through this region of the Adriatic Sea. The connection of the Albanian Road Network to the Pan-European Network of Transport TENT is made all over six border crossings. D...
Intermodality has been a hot topic in the logistics sector for several decades, but expected busi... more Intermodality has been a hot topic in the logistics sector for several decades, but expected business diffusion is still limited. The key to increasing intermodal stands on intermodal terminals. Ports as a link between different types of transport modes in global logistics chains are vital to the efficiency of the entire chain. In addition to its leading role in global trade network, the intensification worldwide competition of ports, states that the efficiency of container ports and terminals is a key issue for terminal operators. The purpose of the paper It is to identify the most important factors for improving traffic management and port performance. The study sets out the proposal that the high performance of the port of Durres as intermodal node, affects the growth of sustainable transport across the Adriatic Sea. Methodology and results Based on the studied literature and the data collected directly in the field, this paper argues the importance of integrating the port of Dur...
WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT
Due to urbanization trend in Durres city, distance between city inhabitants and nature is increas... more Due to urbanization trend in Durres city, distance between city inhabitants and nature is increasing. Urban greenery is one of the methods to bridge this gap between people and nature. The study results were performed with the cooperation of EPER Center, professors and students of Durres “Aleksander Moisiu” University. It was focused in the estimation of O2 release from green surfaces at different areas of Durres city. The results achieved were carried out by field visits, the use of the GIS method and calculations performed based on various standard manuals. According to the results, it was concluded that the total amount of O2 release from green surfaces was 64420 kg/year or 64.4 t /year. It was also calculated that the available green surface for a resident in Durres city is only 1.05 m2 out of required 9 m2 per capita. Based on the needs of the population and the EU standards, this study suggests that the amount of O2 release should be 1.49∙ 108 kg/year or 1.49. 5∙ 105 t/year. T...
Measuring the port performance indicators is not an easy exercise. Many authors have investigated... more Measuring the port performance indicators is not an easy exercise. Many authors have investigated on defining port performance indicators. The weight of these indicators varies from port to port, its location, the nature of cargoes that this ports usually handles, port infrastructure, facilities and equipment and so on. The aim of this paper was to define the most important port performance indicators, in order to address the port operators and administration efforts to improve the overall port performance. The methodology used in this study includes questionnaires, which are complied in such a way as to obtain clear information on the weight of the performance indicators. For this purpose, questionnaires included questions on main performance categories such as port condition, operational condition, port equipment, quality of services offered, management quality, as well as subsequent questions for each category. A total of 105 questionnaires were handed out and only 82 were handed...
The main function of a port is to transfer cargo from in a fast and efficient way and of course a... more The main function of a port is to transfer cargo from in a fast and efficient way and of course at a reasonable cost from maritime transport to inland transport. In order to achieve this a number of factors have to be considered starting with port navigational parameters, berth occupancy rate, berth space, technology involved etc. All these are port related variables. In order to measure port productivity and its performance it is not only the port variables that influence port performance, but land infrastructure that serves the port is of main importance too. Even though the distance between Durres port and Pristina is almost 12% shorter than the distance between Pristina and Port of Bar Montenegro, and, 21.2% shorter than the distance between Pristina and Thessaloniki the market share does not reflect the same. The main factor for this is the lack (or poor conditions) of rail service and other navigational limitations of the port. Rail and road services play an important role in ...
Measuring the port performance indicators is not an easy exercise. Many authors have investigated... more Measuring the port performance indicators is not an easy exercise. Many authors have investigated on defining port performance indicators. The weight of these indicators varies from port to port, its location, the nature of cargoes that this ports usually handles, port infrastructure, facilities and equipment and so on. The aim of this paper was to define the most important port performance indicators, in order to address the port operators and administration efforts to improve the overall port performance. The methodology used in this study includes questionnaires, which are complied in such a way as to obtain clear information on the weight of the performance indicators. For this purpose, questionnaires included questions on main performance categories such as port condition, operational condition, port equipment, quality of services offered, management quality, as well as subsequent questions for each category. A total of 105 questionnaires were handed out and only 82 were handed...
In the conditions of globalization and increasing competition, and the conditions of global crisi... more In the conditions of globalization and increasing competition, and the conditions of global crisis it is not easy for Albanian Ports to be part of regional market. If we were to take a look at the way the Albanian ports have been developed so far and in particular the Port of Durres which is the main gateway to Albania, it is obvious that their development has been focused more on a closed mentality causing these ports to fall under the risk of being circumvented both in regional and global aspect. That, due to the fact that Albania’s port development strategies are mainly based in internal/local perspectives. Based on both literature and direct data collected by the author in the field, this paper addresses the way how the Albanian port sector needs to be developed focusing on the development of the free zones as powerful incentives for the development of this sector. Through analyzing the economic zones, their connection to the port sector, we will analyze current situation in the...
Romanian Economic and Business Review, 2013
Since the introduction of containerization, container throughput in the world has continuously in... more Since the introduction of containerization, container throughput in the world has continuously increased. Today more than 90% of the world cargoes are transported by sea, and containerized cargoes are increasing year after year. The above tendency of world container transportation has given a significant impact on Albanian ports as well and especially in the port of Durres. Durres port is the main gateway of Albania, where more than 85% of the seaborne cargoes go through this port. During the recent years, the volume of general cargo that has been handled in this port has been gradually reduced and instead, a continuous and rapid growth of containerized cargoes has been observed. In order to have an effective and productive terminal, a number of factors need to be studied, because the higher the terminal productivity, the higher the difference between the revenues and the costs will be. There are a number of factors to be considered like port congestion, traffic management and safet...
Interdisciplinary Journal of Research and Development
The European Union joint maritime policy is a wide approach of all European Union policies linked... more The European Union joint maritime policy is a wide approach of all European Union policies linked with the sea. This policy is based upon the idea that by coordinating all activities linked with oceans, sea and coasts, the European Union would benefit higher rates of yields by its maritime space with a smaller mass of impact on environment. The joint maritime policy aims at strengthening the so-called ‘blue economy’, which includes all the economic maritime activities. The maritime transport plays a fundamental role and will continue to do so at world and European trade. In economic terms 77 percent of European foreign trade and 35 percent of that between European Union countries happen through the sea. This is the key reason because the maritime transport represents a core part in the international supply chain. Even with the decline of this activity in maritime sector due to Covid-19 Pandemic, a significant increase is foreseen in the next 10 years. To face challenges of Pandemic,...
The European Union joint maritime policy is a wide approach of all European Union policies linked... more The European Union joint maritime policy is a wide approach of all European Union policies linked with the sea. This policy is based upon the idea that by coordinating all activities linked with oceans, sea and coasts, the European Union would benefit higher rates of yields by its maritime space with a smaller mass of impact on environment. The joint maritime policy aims at strengthening the so-called 'blue economy', which includes all the economic maritime activities. The maritime transport plays a fundamental role and will continue to do so at world and European trade. In economic terms 77 percent of European foreign trade and 35 percent of that between European Union countries happen through the sea. This is the key reason because the maritime transport represents a core part in the international supply chain. Even with the decline of this activity in maritime sector due to Covid-19 Pandemic, a significant increase is foreseen in the next 10 years. To face challenges of Pandemic, the European Union took few measures that are linked with the health security, repatriation and maritime traveling ways of passengers and other persons on the boards. This article seeks to analyze the response that European Union and its institutions have provided to the situation through recommendations and regulations to normalize an important sector for the future of the Union.
Interdisciplinary Journal of Research and Development
The development of the public international law of the sea is considered a legal element insepara... more The development of the public international law of the sea is considered a legal element inseparable from the historical-legal process of the adoption and development of international law in general. Although the basic concepts of general maritime legislation are found in the customary maritime law of ancient Rome and Greece, as well as in the rules of medieval maritime codes created by Hispanic, Italian, and English city-states between the 11th and XVth centuries in Europe, the law of the sea in the contemporary sense of the term, was adopted as a result of interrelations between European states with maritime interests during the period known as the modern or post-medieval era of history. International law of the sea, as it is considered today, developed only when the necessity of the creation of independent territorial states enabled the true development of international relations in Europe. This radical change in the international system, the beginnings of which can be found in t...
Sustainable Maritime Transportation and Exploitation of Sea Resources, 2011
Pollack Periodica
This paper represents a noise pollution survey in Durrës city, Albania. There are four survey are... more This paper represents a noise pollution survey in Durrës city, Albania. There are four survey areas defined: A (central), B (industrial), C (suburban), D (residential + beach) during two intervals times (morning and night). The equipment used for noise measurement was Testo 816-1 where data were categorized according to levels L eq , L min, L max, and L ave . The contrast of L eq levels versus the standard levels based on the 2002/49/EC Directive showed that L eq levels overcome the limits. In conclusion, the high equivalent noise level mostly has been during the morning with L eq > 55 dB, which brings serious health concerns to residents near these regions. At night in most of these stations, the equivalent noise levels resulted higher than 45 dB, which is above EU directive and Albanian standards. The survey results will also serve local institutions to manage the situation and to address problems at the governmental level.
Časopis Pomorskog fakulteta Kotor - Journal of Maritime Sciences
Albania is a maritime country, and maritime transport is the backbone of its economy. In 2021 mar... more Albania is a maritime country, and maritime transport is the backbone of its economy. In 2021 maritime transport counted for about 59% of trading vol-umes, and Durres port handled more than 91% of all seaborne cargoes [1]. Durres Container’s terminal is the only terminal handling containers in Alba-nia. This terminal is operating under some limitations which are affecting its performance. These limitations are the lack of container storage area, in-creasing the container's dwell time and creating container congestion and the immediate need for more storage spaces, limited water depth at the access channel and port basin, lack of container handling cranes, and lack of railway connections, etc. This paper will focus on terminal needs for storage areas and aims to analyze the current situation and identify the space needed for the projected cargoes 15 years ahead based on historical data and using 2021 as the base year. A multi regression analysis [2] is used to identify the de-man...
European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 2015
One of the main issues addressed while designing the social insurance system and the old age pens... more One of the main issues addressed while designing the social insurance system and the old age pension programs is how to make the system and programs produce incentives relating the savings and income redistribution as well as to function on the insurance principle (1). The saving consists in smoothing consumption over life time, postponement of consumption from early life time, period of active work and higher earnings to the old age period, when incomes are lower and due to old age it is impossible to generate earnings. Redistribution consists in transferring life time incomes from a person to another in retairement age in order to avoid poverty. A person with low incomes during the life time could save sufficiently for the old age period but this probably could lead to poverty during the working period. The redistribution avoids this fenomenon and create a beter financial situation for all in old age period. Functioning upon the insurance principle entails payment of social insura...
Measuring the port performance indicators is not an easy exercise. Many authors have investigated... more Measuring the port performance indicators is not an easy exercise. Many authors have investigated on defining port performance indicators. The weight of these indicators varies from port to port, its location, the nature of cargoes that this ports usually handles, port infrastructure, facilities and equipment and so on. The aim of this paper was to define the most important port performance indicators, in order to address the port operators and administration efforts to improve the overall port performance. The methodology used in this study includes questionnaires, which are complied in such a way as to obtain clear information on the weight of the performance indicators. For this purpose, questionnaires included questions on main performance categories such as port condition, operational condition, port equipment, quality of services offered, management quality, as well as subsequent questions for each category. A total of 105 questionnaires were handed out and only 82 were handed...
7th ERAZ Conference Proceedings (part of ERAZ conference collection)
The inspection of noise pollution in urban areas can affect positively the health and welfare of... more The inspection of noise pollution in urban areas can affect positively the health and welfare of residents. This paper analyzes the noise pollution in high-traffic streets of different areas in Durres Municipality. Measurements carried out by using TESTO 816-1 supply were investigated and compared to see the highest equivalent noise level during morning and night time. The results were evidenced and conclusions were reported. It was found a difference between the average equivalent noise levels of areas/streets monitored. During morning the highest value was observed in the industrial area (Dogana street) with = 61.02 dB followed by the commercial area (Adria street) with = 59.04 dB and the residential area (Stefan Kaculini - Glaukia street) with = 57.6 dB. The highest equivalent noise level during the night was observed in the commercial area (Egnatia street) with = 52.04 dB. The findings achieved by this study showed also that noise pollution levels noticed were higher than perm...
7th ERAZ Conference Proceedings (part of ERAZ conference collection), 2021
The effects of Covid 19 have hit the global economy; therefore, the Albanian economy could not be... more The effects of Covid 19 have hit the global economy; therefore, the Albanian economy could not be excluded from these effects. This paper examines the issues that small and medium enterprises in Albania are facing under the current conditions identifying the most significant difficulties the SMEs are facing. SMEs have been severely affected, starting with the illnesses of the employers, quarantine and lockdown of the businesses reduced demand for different products and insufficient supply. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the effects that Covid-19 had in small and medium enterprises regarding the consequences of restriction measures taken by the government had in terms of production, income, number of employees reduction, the way of doing business and how ready are these companies to return in the post-Covid period. The data were gathered through structured questionnaires and analysed by the authors. The result shows that Small and Medium Size Enterprises have been heavily...
7th ERAZ Conference Proceedings (part of ERAZ conference collection), 2021
In recent years the urban population in Durres city has grown exponentially, leading to an incre... more In recent years the urban population in Durres city has grown exponentially, leading to an increase of CO2 and consequently contributing on a large scale to climate change. Urban trees are basic to sequester CO2 emissions as they incorporate carbon in their biomass. The amount of C02 sequestration from green surfaces in Durres city was 50.13 ∙ 106 kg/year instead of 116.35 ∙ 106 kg/year that it should be. Increasing the amount of green vegetation, the energy that can be stored will be 3.7 ∙ 105 MWh compared with the actual value of 162,48 MWh. Consequently, water carrying capacity will be 2321 times more than the amount of water needed to maintain the present public green spaces. These data can be used to help assess the actual and potential role of green trees in reducing atmospheric CO2, a dominant greenhouse gas. This study was conducted under the project “Green lungs for our cities - Alternative and comprehensive platform for monitoring air quality, noise pollution and urba...
Transport has a great impact on environmental pollution, due to gas emission, which generates 25%... more Transport has a great impact on environmental pollution, due to gas emission, which generates 25% of CO2 global emission. In Albania, the number of vehicles has exceeded half million and has a tendency to keep rising. The average age of these vehicles is relatively high and most of them operate in the DURANA region, Albania (this region consists of Tirana and Durrës). The application of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) is an impressive opportunity to reduce transporting time, to increase the magnitude of networks, to diminish traffic congestion and to decrease energy consumption. All of the above combined, induce the reduction of gas emission in 10%. The implementation of ITS systems will affect public transport as well, making it more reliable, effective and more appealing, in order to promote its usage. Following the application of ITS, several efficient itineraries can be planned and the chauffeurs will be given instructions on the way of circulating in these itineraries. This...
The Adriatic Sea area represents an important European HUB for the transport of good flows coming... more The Adriatic Sea area represents an important European HUB for the transport of good flows coming from the entire globe. Approximately 126 million ton per year (nearly 21%) of this flow passes throughout this zone into the continent. The port of Durrës is a crucial part of the eastern region ports network. This paper analyses the traffic flows that goes from EU toward Balkans. Albania is situated in the center of this traffic flow and can play an important role as a transport hub. This paper evaluates the possibilities that Albania has in order to become a central transport hub, throughout combined and integrated infrastructure investments. The substantial investments made in the ports infrastructure and Albanian road network of this area have given way to the manufacturing process of part of this flow that passes through this region of the Adriatic Sea. The connection of the Albanian Road Network to the Pan-European Network of Transport TENT is made all over six border crossings. D...
Intermodality has been a hot topic in the logistics sector for several decades, but expected busi... more Intermodality has been a hot topic in the logistics sector for several decades, but expected business diffusion is still limited. The key to increasing intermodal stands on intermodal terminals. Ports as a link between different types of transport modes in global logistics chains are vital to the efficiency of the entire chain. In addition to its leading role in global trade network, the intensification worldwide competition of ports, states that the efficiency of container ports and terminals is a key issue for terminal operators. The purpose of the paper It is to identify the most important factors for improving traffic management and port performance. The study sets out the proposal that the high performance of the port of Durres as intermodal node, affects the growth of sustainable transport across the Adriatic Sea. Methodology and results Based on the studied literature and the data collected directly in the field, this paper argues the importance of integrating the port of Dur...
WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT
Due to urbanization trend in Durres city, distance between city inhabitants and nature is increas... more Due to urbanization trend in Durres city, distance between city inhabitants and nature is increasing. Urban greenery is one of the methods to bridge this gap between people and nature. The study results were performed with the cooperation of EPER Center, professors and students of Durres “Aleksander Moisiu” University. It was focused in the estimation of O2 release from green surfaces at different areas of Durres city. The results achieved were carried out by field visits, the use of the GIS method and calculations performed based on various standard manuals. According to the results, it was concluded that the total amount of O2 release from green surfaces was 64420 kg/year or 64.4 t /year. It was also calculated that the available green surface for a resident in Durres city is only 1.05 m2 out of required 9 m2 per capita. Based on the needs of the population and the EU standards, this study suggests that the amount of O2 release should be 1.49∙ 108 kg/year or 1.49. 5∙ 105 t/year. T...
Measuring the port performance indicators is not an easy exercise. Many authors have investigated... more Measuring the port performance indicators is not an easy exercise. Many authors have investigated on defining port performance indicators. The weight of these indicators varies from port to port, its location, the nature of cargoes that this ports usually handles, port infrastructure, facilities and equipment and so on. The aim of this paper was to define the most important port performance indicators, in order to address the port operators and administration efforts to improve the overall port performance. The methodology used in this study includes questionnaires, which are complied in such a way as to obtain clear information on the weight of the performance indicators. For this purpose, questionnaires included questions on main performance categories such as port condition, operational condition, port equipment, quality of services offered, management quality, as well as subsequent questions for each category. A total of 105 questionnaires were handed out and only 82 were handed...
The main function of a port is to transfer cargo from in a fast and efficient way and of course a... more The main function of a port is to transfer cargo from in a fast and efficient way and of course at a reasonable cost from maritime transport to inland transport. In order to achieve this a number of factors have to be considered starting with port navigational parameters, berth occupancy rate, berth space, technology involved etc. All these are port related variables. In order to measure port productivity and its performance it is not only the port variables that influence port performance, but land infrastructure that serves the port is of main importance too. Even though the distance between Durres port and Pristina is almost 12% shorter than the distance between Pristina and Port of Bar Montenegro, and, 21.2% shorter than the distance between Pristina and Thessaloniki the market share does not reflect the same. The main factor for this is the lack (or poor conditions) of rail service and other navigational limitations of the port. Rail and road services play an important role in ...
Measuring the port performance indicators is not an easy exercise. Many authors have investigated... more Measuring the port performance indicators is not an easy exercise. Many authors have investigated on defining port performance indicators. The weight of these indicators varies from port to port, its location, the nature of cargoes that this ports usually handles, port infrastructure, facilities and equipment and so on. The aim of this paper was to define the most important port performance indicators, in order to address the port operators and administration efforts to improve the overall port performance. The methodology used in this study includes questionnaires, which are complied in such a way as to obtain clear information on the weight of the performance indicators. For this purpose, questionnaires included questions on main performance categories such as port condition, operational condition, port equipment, quality of services offered, management quality, as well as subsequent questions for each category. A total of 105 questionnaires were handed out and only 82 were handed...
In the conditions of globalization and increasing competition, and the conditions of global crisi... more In the conditions of globalization and increasing competition, and the conditions of global crisis it is not easy for Albanian Ports to be part of regional market. If we were to take a look at the way the Albanian ports have been developed so far and in particular the Port of Durres which is the main gateway to Albania, it is obvious that their development has been focused more on a closed mentality causing these ports to fall under the risk of being circumvented both in regional and global aspect. That, due to the fact that Albania’s port development strategies are mainly based in internal/local perspectives. Based on both literature and direct data collected by the author in the field, this paper addresses the way how the Albanian port sector needs to be developed focusing on the development of the free zones as powerful incentives for the development of this sector. Through analyzing the economic zones, their connection to the port sector, we will analyze current situation in the...
Romanian Economic and Business Review, 2013
Since the introduction of containerization, container throughput in the world has continuously in... more Since the introduction of containerization, container throughput in the world has continuously increased. Today more than 90% of the world cargoes are transported by sea, and containerized cargoes are increasing year after year. The above tendency of world container transportation has given a significant impact on Albanian ports as well and especially in the port of Durres. Durres port is the main gateway of Albania, where more than 85% of the seaborne cargoes go through this port. During the recent years, the volume of general cargo that has been handled in this port has been gradually reduced and instead, a continuous and rapid growth of containerized cargoes has been observed. In order to have an effective and productive terminal, a number of factors need to be studied, because the higher the terminal productivity, the higher the difference between the revenues and the costs will be. There are a number of factors to be considered like port congestion, traffic management and safet...