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Conference Presentations by Pakhshan Mustafa Maulood

Journal of Kirkuk University , 2013

This study was conducted at the laboratories of agricultural college Salahaddin university to inv... more This study was conducted at the laboratories of agricultural college Salahaddin university to investigate the effect of different aqueous extracts 25, 50, 75 and100 % of shoot parts of dill plant Anethum graveolens L. on germination and growth of bread wheat seeds under two controlled temperatures 10˚C and 20˚C. Results illustrated significant effect of studied temperatures on Speed of germination, germination percentage, inhibition of germination, length of radicle and plumule, velocity of radicle and plumule, dry weight of radicle and plumule and shoot root ratio. The effect of different concentration was significant on all recorded data which indicated that the inhibitory effect was concentration dependent.

JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE, 2007

Akram O. Esmail,Pakhshan M. Maulood &Yahya A. Shekha …47 7. Changes in blood parameters and kidne... more Akram O. Esmail,Pakhshan M. Maulood &Yahya A. Shekha …47 7. Changes in blood parameters and kidney histology due to cadmium and selenium exposure of Female rate Ahmed Baker Ali …57 8. Effect of nut meg (Myristica fragrans) oil extract on testicular function in mice exposed to oxidative stress.

Journal Duhok University, 2010

Pot experiment was conducted at the greenhouse of College of Science-University of Salahaddin-Erb... more Pot experiment was conducted at the greenhouse of College of Science-University of Salahaddin-Erbil-Iraq, during 28-11-2008 to 13-4-2009, to test the combined effects of different levels of nitrogen application (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 mg N/pot) and irrigation at (50, 75, 100% field capacity) of two selected wheat cultivars (C1= Semeto, C2= Khashna Sardar) on yield, vegetative growth characters, total Nuptake and nitrogen use efficiency. As expected the results indicated that, under normal irrigation grain yield of both cultivars increased with increasing nitrogen level but under limited soil moisture condition, water stress was a more yield limiting factor than N fertilization for wheat production. Nitrogen use efficiency was found to decrease with increasing N levels, while under water stress, it was reduced to half of its values under normal irrigation. Both N application and increasing of irrigation increased total N-uptake, N-translocated and grain yield of wheat.

Earth and Environmental Science, 2023

A completely randomized design pot experiment was executed in the College of Science, Salahaddin ... more A completely randomized design pot experiment was executed in the College of Science, Salahaddin University glass house to investigate the allelopathic potentiality of dried shoot parts of two algae two (Chara sp. and Cladophora glomerata) and aquatic plant species (Ceratophyllum desmersum) when incorporated in different concentrations [0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and2.0 %] to the pot's soil on germination and growth of hard Wheat (Triticum durum). Results showed the stimulating effect of both algae species Chara sp. and Cladophora Sp. on wheat plant's height (71.44 and 81.66 cm), shoot dry weight to (4.46 and 9.00 g), spike weight (2.05 and 3.06 g), spike length (16.16 and16.80 cm), number of grains per spike (26.22 and 36.77 grain. Spike-1), yield per plant (4.78 and 10.30 g. plant-1), thousand grains weight 59.40 and 64.90 g) respectively comparing to control treatmenst. The aquatic plant species dried shoot parts negatively affected the wheat plants' flag leaf length and width, shoot dry weight, and yield per plant. The allelopathic index indicated the stimulatory effect when the index was higher than unity 2.30 and 2.03 for both algae species. The inhibiting effect when the index value was lower than unity 0.52 for the aquatic plant.

Papers by Pakhshan Mustafa Maulood

Al-Nahrain journal of science, Sep 1, 2022

The study was carried out to determine soil organic matter content (SOM) using loss on ignition (... more The study was carried out to determine soil organic matter content (SOM) using loss on ignition (LOI) and titrant methods. Eighty-four composite soil samples were collected from surface soil of randomly different locations in four governorates of northern parts of Iraq. The percent mean values of SOM recorded were 2.34, 2.399 and 1.821, respectively for Erbil, Sulaymaniyah, Kirkuk, and Duhok soil samples for the LOI method, while lower values were obtained 1.39, 1.595 and 0.98% respectively by using the titrant method for the same soil samples. A low relationship between two SOM procedures was obtained (r 2 = 0.462, 0.585 and 0.241) respectively for the same governorates soil samples. Current results revealed that the titrant method is more accurate and convenient to be used for SOM determination of soils in our area, and further studies must be done by using other methods to find the more suitable procedure for this purpose.

Mesopotamia Journal of Agriculture, Jun 28, 2008

Soil, plant, and water (Kasnazan impoundment and well water) samples were monthly collected from ... more Soil, plant, and water (Kasnazan impoundment and well water) samples were monthly collected from Kasnazan (10 Km north east of Erbil city) during August 2004 to February 2005. Chemical and statistical analysis indicated that the irrigation with well water resulted to decreases EC from 0.87 dS.m-1 to 0.49 dS.m-1 , because of leaching and dilution effects. Statistically there is a positive significant correlation (P< 0.05) between SAR value of well water and irrigated soil with it, whereas, a negative correlation of Mg +2 concentrations observed between well water and soil irrigated with it. On the other hand, there was high content of Mg +2 and low content of K +1 for eucalyptus plant irrigated by well water in comparison to that irrigated with impoundment water. INTRODUCTION Water plays an important role in soil productivity and plant growth, and it is regarded as a limiting factor in plant growth. Much natural water contains impurities that make them directly harmful for plant. Plants vary in their tolerate to poor water qualities, so the soil regards as an important factor in limiting water suitability for irrigation (Taiz and Zeiger, 2006). The quality of irrigation water is depended on salt content, the nature of salts present in solution and proportion of Na + to Ca +2 , Mg +2 and other cations (Shirokova et al., 2000). Iraqi Kurdistan Region is rich in water resources like rivers, streams, spring, lake, and impoundment water. Many limnological and phycological studies were conducted in Kasnazan impoundment water a large lentic system within Erbil province (Rashhed, 1994; Al-Barazingy, 1995; Toma, 2000; Bapeer, 2004 and Goran, 2006), whereas, there is a shortage information about water quality for irrigation purposes. This study is the first attempt to reduce existing gap about Kasnazan water quality and its effect on each of soil's ionic component and their effect on Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Dehn), in addition to comparing it with the result of ground water of Kasnazan location. According to United State Salinity laboratory Staff (1954) Classified irrigation water to sixteen classes depending on dS. m-1 at 25 °C and SAR as follows: Electrical Conductivity dS.m-1 at 25 °C Water Classes 0<EC<0.25 C1 Low-salinity 0.25<EC<0.75 C2 Medium-salinity 0.75<EC<2.25 C3 High-salinity 2.25<EC<5 C4 Very high-salinity Continued SAR Water Classes <10 S1= Excellent 10-18 S2= Good 18-26 S3= Fair Mesopotamia J. of Agric.

Rafidain journal of science, Jul 1, 2012

to study the effect of different concentration of dill plant residue (added to soil at ratio 0, 2... more to study the effect of different concentration of dill plant residue (added to soil at ratio 0, 2, 4, and 6% W: W mixed and incubated for four weeks) on some vegetative growth characters and chemical composition of leaves and grains of two barley cultivars (C 1 = Tedmor, C 2 =Barbara). The results indicated that the different concentration of dill plant residue were affected significantly (P≤ 0.05) on most growth characters except number of tiller/plant. The highest values for all studied growth characters were recorded at 2% of dill plant residue for both cultivars. On the other hand, statistical analysis showed significant (P≤ 0.05) differences between two cultivars on nutrient content of leaves and seeds. In general, increasing level of dill plant residue led to significant increase of nitrogen, protein percent, proline, phosphorus, Fe, K + , and Na + content of the leaves in both cultivars.

JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE, 2007

Water samples were collected monthly during August 2004 to February 2005 in five locations of Kas... more Water samples were collected monthly during August 2004 to February 2005 in five locations of Kasnazan impoundment (1 OKm east side of Erbil city). Statistical analysis indicated that there were a significant differences between Kahreez site 1 and other sites in TDS, Ca+ 2 , and HC0 3-values. While, there were no significant differences in K+ concentration between stations or months. Generally, the first three months (August to November) differed from the last four month (December to February) in most chemical properties.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2019

Improving soil quality, sustaining high crop yields and conservation environment are the main goa... more Improving soil quality, sustaining high crop yields and conservation environment are the main goals behind soil quality assessment. Soil quality indexes (SQI) serve as efficient decision tools for agriculture managers, scientists and policy makers to choose appropriate management practices for sustaining land and yield quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate soil quality by using three common SQI models: additive, weighted and principal component analysis (PCA). Seventy-two soil samples were collected during two years (2016 and 2017) from three walnut orchards in Erbil Province, Iraq. SQI values varied from low (<0.5) soil type in location 2 (Malakan village), low (0.35) to moderate (0.72) in location 3 (Choman District) and from low (0.32) to high (0.83) soil type in location 1 (Shaqlawa District). According to weighted SQI, the highest main contribution percentage root growth capacity (RGC) 35% and the lowest contribution percentage storage water capacity (SWC) 3% were estimated in the Malakan location. Results indicate that the PCA-SQI model is more convenient for selected soil indicators to minimum data set (MDS) than additive and weighted SQI for evaluating soil quality.

Mesopotamia Journal of Agriculture, 2008

Soil, plant, and water (Kasnazan impoundment and well water) samples were monthly collected from ... more Soil, plant, and water (Kasnazan impoundment and well water) samples were monthly collected from Kasnazan (10 Km north east of Erbil city) during August 2004 to February 2005. Chemical and statistical analysis indicated that the irrigation with well water resulted to decreases EC from 0.87 dS.m-1 to 0.49 dS.m-1 , because of leaching and dilution effects. Statistically there is a positive significant correlation (P< 0.05) between SAR value of well water and irrigated soil with it, whereas, a negative correlation of Mg +2 concentrations observed between well water and soil irrigated with it. On the other hand, there was high content of Mg +2 and low content of K +1 for eucalyptus plant irrigated by well water in comparison to that irrigated with impoundment water. INTRODUCTION Water plays an important role in soil productivity and plant growth, and it is regarded as a limiting factor in plant growth. Much natural water contains impurities that make them directly harmful for plant. Plants vary in their tolerate to poor water qualities, so the soil regards as an important factor in limiting water suitability for irrigation (Taiz and Zeiger, 2006). The quality of irrigation water is depended on salt content, the nature of salts present in solution and proportion of Na + to Ca +2 , Mg +2 and other cations (Shirokova et al., 2000). Iraqi Kurdistan Region is rich in water resources like rivers, streams, spring, lake, and impoundment water. Many limnological and phycological studies were conducted in Kasnazan impoundment water a large lentic system within Erbil province (Rashhed, 1994; Al-Barazingy, 1995; Toma, 2000; Bapeer, 2004 and Goran, 2006), whereas, there is a shortage information about water quality for irrigation purposes. This study is the first attempt to reduce existing gap about Kasnazan water quality and its effect on each of soil's ionic component and their effect on Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Dehn), in addition to comparing it with the result of ground water of Kasnazan location. According to United State Salinity laboratory Staff (1954) Classified irrigation water to sixteen classes depending on dS. m-1 at 25 °C and SAR as follows: Electrical Conductivity dS.m-1 at 25 °C Water Classes 0<EC<0.25 C1 Low-salinity 0.25<EC<0.75 C2 Medium-salinity 0.75<EC<2.25 C3 High-salinity 2.25<EC<5 C4 Very high-salinity Continued SAR Water Classes <10 S1= Excellent 10-18 S2= Good 18-26 S3= Fair Mesopotamia J. of Agric.

Open Journal of Soil Science, 2012

innspub.net

... Acknowledgments We would like to thank (Erbil research center-Kurdistan region-Iraq) for thei... more ... Acknowledgments We would like to thank (Erbil research center-Kurdistan region-Iraq) for their assistance and help during the implementation of these experiments. References Akhtar N, Arshad J, Rukhsana Bajwa. 2001. ... Deolivera DC, Geraldo LG, Isaias RD. 2008. ...

This study was conducted at the laboratories of agricultural college Salahaddin university to inv... more This study was conducted at the laboratories of agricultural college Salahaddin university to investigate the effect of different aqueous extracts 25, 50, 75 and100 % of shoot parts of dill plant Antheum graveolens L. on germination and growth of bread wheat seeds under two controlled temperatures 10˚C and 20˚C. Results illustrated significant effect of studied temperatures on Speed of germination, germination percentage, inhibition of germination, length of radicle and plumule, velocity of radicle and plumule, dry weight of radicle and plumule and shoot root ratio. The effect of different concentration was significant on all recorded data which indicated that the inhibitory effect was concentration dependent.

Mesopotamia Journal of Agriculture, 2008

Soil, plant, and water (Kasnazan impoundment and well water) samples were monthly collected from ... more Soil, plant, and water (Kasnazan impoundment and well water) samples were monthly collected from Kasnazan (10 Km north east of Erbil city) during August 2004 to February 2005. Chemical and statistical analysis indicated that the irrigation with well water resulted to decreases EC from 0.87 dS.m-1 to 0.49 dS.m-1 , because of leaching and dilution effects. Statistically there is a positive significant correlation (P< 0.05) between SAR value of well water and irrigated soil with it, whereas, a negative correlation of Mg +2 concentrations observed between well water and soil irrigated with it. On the other hand, there was high content of Mg +2 and low content of K +1 for eucalyptus plant irrigated by well water in comparison to that irrigated with impoundment water.

Zanco Journal of pure and Applied Science, 2010

Apot experiment was conducted at the greenhouse of Science College-Salahaddin University-Erbil, I... more Apot experiment was conducted at the greenhouse of Science College-Salahaddin University-Erbil, Iraq, during 28 th November 2008 to 13 th April 2009 to study the effect of combination of different levels of nitrogen application (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg N. kg-1 of soil) and irrigation after irrigation to (50, 75 and 100%) field capacity of two selected wheat cultivars (C1= Semeto, C2= Khashna Sardar) on some yield component and chemical composition of leaves and grains. Results indicated that the irrigation, nitrogen and cultivars were affected significantly (P≤0.05) on most yield component, the significant influences of irrigation on yield component and chemical composition of seeds and leaves were observed and was higher than the effect of nitrogen fertilization on both cultivars. On the other hand, statistical analysis showed significant (P≤0.05) differences between two cultivars on nutrient contents of leaves and seeds. In general, increasing nitrogen levels with decreasing amount of irrigated water led to significant increase of N% and proline content of the leaves in both cultivars, in addition to increase of nitrogen, protein and gluten contents of seeds in both cultivars. Also increase nitrogen levels of applied nitrogen and irrigation water coincided to improvement chlorophyll content and other nutrients in leaves and seeds.

International Journal of Biosciences, 2011

Allelopathic potential of twelve local varieties of grapevine Vitis vinifera fruits: taefi; zareg... more Allelopathic potential of twelve local varieties of grapevine Vitis vinifera fruits: taefi; zareg-dohuok; Baetmuni; Blackmanga; Sarqala-bakrajo; Awelka; Rash-merii; Mala-Hassan; Ashgar-basraha; Kamalii; Toli-mawelian and Shekhnuraddin on some germination and growth parameters of lettuce seeds Lactuca sativa has been investigated. The aqueous extracts caused significant inhibitory effects on germination rate; germination speed; radical length; plumule length; radical, plumule and total seedlings dry weight. Bioassays indicated that the inhibitory effects were increased with increasing the aqueous extracts concentration. These results indicated that there is a considerable variation of allelopathic activity that could be utilized in the field of controlling weed plants.

Passer Journal, 2024

It is essential to understand the proper nutrient levels for obtaining the highest yield when ana... more It is essential to understand the proper nutrient levels for obtaining the highest yield when analyzing the foliar composition of walnut leaves using DRIS techniques that consider the interaction between nutrients. The study aims to identify the nutritional deficiencies in walnut orchards responsible for low production by analyzing the data using DRIS and PCA methods. Measured nine elements in the walnut tree leaf: N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and microelements Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mn. Used the Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) to assess nutrient status in the leaf, detect deficits or imbalances, and make specific recommendations for optimal growth. Along with Principal component analysis, diagnose deficient nutrients and deal with problems. In the present work, 42 samples of walnut leaves were analyzed and collected from the walnut orchard at the Balkha/Hawraman, located at 35°11'59.0"N 46°08'59.1"E, altitude 695 m.a.s.l. A high-yielding population of walnut trees forms up 71.4% of the total, while a low-yielding population makes up the remaining 28.6%. Results showed that the most deficient nutrients ascendingly were: Fe>Cu> Zn>Mn>N=Ca>K>P>Mg. The PCA results show that the DRIS index and the low-and high-yield subgroups' nutrient concentrations were represented by 78.8%, 87.2%, and 93.5%, respectively of the total variance. From previous results and field observation, the walnut orchards need more attention and studies in other aspects to fulfill knowledge about soil quality index, climatic changes, and diseases related to these precious trees to make decisions for best monitoring and management.

Zanco Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences

Apot experiment was conducted in greenhouse station, Biology department, Science college, Salahha... more Apot experiment was conducted in greenhouse station, Biology department, Science college, Salahhadin University to study the effect of three drought periods (0, 7, 14, and 21 days) on four soft wheat cultivars (Amede, Aksad, Florkwa and Aras) under three water stress conditions. Factorial Completely Randomized Designs were used with four replication for each treatment and the means were compared using least significant difference test. Morphological and yield characteristics, treatments significantly decreased plant height, tiller numbers, flag leaf length and width, spikes length, spikes number, weight of 100 grains and dry weights of the plants for all cultivars. While for anatomical characteristics treatments significantly increased cuticle thickness, xylem diameter and upper epidermis for all cultivars and lower epidermis only for Asked cultivar and decreased phloem diameter and stomata numbers as compare to control.

Journal of Kirkuk University , 2013

This study was conducted at the laboratories of agricultural college Salahaddin university to inv... more This study was conducted at the laboratories of agricultural college Salahaddin university to investigate the effect of different aqueous extracts 25, 50, 75 and100 % of shoot parts of dill plant Anethum graveolens L. on germination and growth of bread wheat seeds under two controlled temperatures 10˚C and 20˚C. Results illustrated significant effect of studied temperatures on Speed of germination, germination percentage, inhibition of germination, length of radicle and plumule, velocity of radicle and plumule, dry weight of radicle and plumule and shoot root ratio. The effect of different concentration was significant on all recorded data which indicated that the inhibitory effect was concentration dependent.

JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE, 2007

Akram O. Esmail,Pakhshan M. Maulood &Yahya A. Shekha …47 7. Changes in blood parameters and kidne... more Akram O. Esmail,Pakhshan M. Maulood &Yahya A. Shekha …47 7. Changes in blood parameters and kidney histology due to cadmium and selenium exposure of Female rate Ahmed Baker Ali …57 8. Effect of nut meg (Myristica fragrans) oil extract on testicular function in mice exposed to oxidative stress.

Journal Duhok University, 2010

Pot experiment was conducted at the greenhouse of College of Science-University of Salahaddin-Erb... more Pot experiment was conducted at the greenhouse of College of Science-University of Salahaddin-Erbil-Iraq, during 28-11-2008 to 13-4-2009, to test the combined effects of different levels of nitrogen application (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 mg N/pot) and irrigation at (50, 75, 100% field capacity) of two selected wheat cultivars (C1= Semeto, C2= Khashna Sardar) on yield, vegetative growth characters, total Nuptake and nitrogen use efficiency. As expected the results indicated that, under normal irrigation grain yield of both cultivars increased with increasing nitrogen level but under limited soil moisture condition, water stress was a more yield limiting factor than N fertilization for wheat production. Nitrogen use efficiency was found to decrease with increasing N levels, while under water stress, it was reduced to half of its values under normal irrigation. Both N application and increasing of irrigation increased total N-uptake, N-translocated and grain yield of wheat.

Earth and Environmental Science, 2023

A completely randomized design pot experiment was executed in the College of Science, Salahaddin ... more A completely randomized design pot experiment was executed in the College of Science, Salahaddin University glass house to investigate the allelopathic potentiality of dried shoot parts of two algae two (Chara sp. and Cladophora glomerata) and aquatic plant species (Ceratophyllum desmersum) when incorporated in different concentrations [0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and2.0 %] to the pot's soil on germination and growth of hard Wheat (Triticum durum). Results showed the stimulating effect of both algae species Chara sp. and Cladophora Sp. on wheat plant's height (71.44 and 81.66 cm), shoot dry weight to (4.46 and 9.00 g), spike weight (2.05 and 3.06 g), spike length (16.16 and16.80 cm), number of grains per spike (26.22 and 36.77 grain. Spike-1), yield per plant (4.78 and 10.30 g. plant-1), thousand grains weight 59.40 and 64.90 g) respectively comparing to control treatmenst. The aquatic plant species dried shoot parts negatively affected the wheat plants' flag leaf length and width, shoot dry weight, and yield per plant. The allelopathic index indicated the stimulatory effect when the index was higher than unity 2.30 and 2.03 for both algae species. The inhibiting effect when the index value was lower than unity 0.52 for the aquatic plant.

Al-Nahrain journal of science, Sep 1, 2022

The study was carried out to determine soil organic matter content (SOM) using loss on ignition (... more The study was carried out to determine soil organic matter content (SOM) using loss on ignition (LOI) and titrant methods. Eighty-four composite soil samples were collected from surface soil of randomly different locations in four governorates of northern parts of Iraq. The percent mean values of SOM recorded were 2.34, 2.399 and 1.821, respectively for Erbil, Sulaymaniyah, Kirkuk, and Duhok soil samples for the LOI method, while lower values were obtained 1.39, 1.595 and 0.98% respectively by using the titrant method for the same soil samples. A low relationship between two SOM procedures was obtained (r 2 = 0.462, 0.585 and 0.241) respectively for the same governorates soil samples. Current results revealed that the titrant method is more accurate and convenient to be used for SOM determination of soils in our area, and further studies must be done by using other methods to find the more suitable procedure for this purpose.

Mesopotamia Journal of Agriculture, Jun 28, 2008

Soil, plant, and water (Kasnazan impoundment and well water) samples were monthly collected from ... more Soil, plant, and water (Kasnazan impoundment and well water) samples were monthly collected from Kasnazan (10 Km north east of Erbil city) during August 2004 to February 2005. Chemical and statistical analysis indicated that the irrigation with well water resulted to decreases EC from 0.87 dS.m-1 to 0.49 dS.m-1 , because of leaching and dilution effects. Statistically there is a positive significant correlation (P< 0.05) between SAR value of well water and irrigated soil with it, whereas, a negative correlation of Mg +2 concentrations observed between well water and soil irrigated with it. On the other hand, there was high content of Mg +2 and low content of K +1 for eucalyptus plant irrigated by well water in comparison to that irrigated with impoundment water. INTRODUCTION Water plays an important role in soil productivity and plant growth, and it is regarded as a limiting factor in plant growth. Much natural water contains impurities that make them directly harmful for plant. Plants vary in their tolerate to poor water qualities, so the soil regards as an important factor in limiting water suitability for irrigation (Taiz and Zeiger, 2006). The quality of irrigation water is depended on salt content, the nature of salts present in solution and proportion of Na + to Ca +2 , Mg +2 and other cations (Shirokova et al., 2000). Iraqi Kurdistan Region is rich in water resources like rivers, streams, spring, lake, and impoundment water. Many limnological and phycological studies were conducted in Kasnazan impoundment water a large lentic system within Erbil province (Rashhed, 1994; Al-Barazingy, 1995; Toma, 2000; Bapeer, 2004 and Goran, 2006), whereas, there is a shortage information about water quality for irrigation purposes. This study is the first attempt to reduce existing gap about Kasnazan water quality and its effect on each of soil's ionic component and their effect on Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Dehn), in addition to comparing it with the result of ground water of Kasnazan location. According to United State Salinity laboratory Staff (1954) Classified irrigation water to sixteen classes depending on dS. m-1 at 25 °C and SAR as follows: Electrical Conductivity dS.m-1 at 25 °C Water Classes 0<EC<0.25 C1 Low-salinity 0.25<EC<0.75 C2 Medium-salinity 0.75<EC<2.25 C3 High-salinity 2.25<EC<5 C4 Very high-salinity Continued SAR Water Classes <10 S1= Excellent 10-18 S2= Good 18-26 S3= Fair Mesopotamia J. of Agric.

Rafidain journal of science, Jul 1, 2012

to study the effect of different concentration of dill plant residue (added to soil at ratio 0, 2... more to study the effect of different concentration of dill plant residue (added to soil at ratio 0, 2, 4, and 6% W: W mixed and incubated for four weeks) on some vegetative growth characters and chemical composition of leaves and grains of two barley cultivars (C 1 = Tedmor, C 2 =Barbara). The results indicated that the different concentration of dill plant residue were affected significantly (P≤ 0.05) on most growth characters except number of tiller/plant. The highest values for all studied growth characters were recorded at 2% of dill plant residue for both cultivars. On the other hand, statistical analysis showed significant (P≤ 0.05) differences between two cultivars on nutrient content of leaves and seeds. In general, increasing level of dill plant residue led to significant increase of nitrogen, protein percent, proline, phosphorus, Fe, K + , and Na + content of the leaves in both cultivars.

JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE, 2007

Water samples were collected monthly during August 2004 to February 2005 in five locations of Kas... more Water samples were collected monthly during August 2004 to February 2005 in five locations of Kasnazan impoundment (1 OKm east side of Erbil city). Statistical analysis indicated that there were a significant differences between Kahreez site 1 and other sites in TDS, Ca+ 2 , and HC0 3-values. While, there were no significant differences in K+ concentration between stations or months. Generally, the first three months (August to November) differed from the last four month (December to February) in most chemical properties.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2019

Improving soil quality, sustaining high crop yields and conservation environment are the main goa... more Improving soil quality, sustaining high crop yields and conservation environment are the main goals behind soil quality assessment. Soil quality indexes (SQI) serve as efficient decision tools for agriculture managers, scientists and policy makers to choose appropriate management practices for sustaining land and yield quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate soil quality by using three common SQI models: additive, weighted and principal component analysis (PCA). Seventy-two soil samples were collected during two years (2016 and 2017) from three walnut orchards in Erbil Province, Iraq. SQI values varied from low (<0.5) soil type in location 2 (Malakan village), low (0.35) to moderate (0.72) in location 3 (Choman District) and from low (0.32) to high (0.83) soil type in location 1 (Shaqlawa District). According to weighted SQI, the highest main contribution percentage root growth capacity (RGC) 35% and the lowest contribution percentage storage water capacity (SWC) 3% were estimated in the Malakan location. Results indicate that the PCA-SQI model is more convenient for selected soil indicators to minimum data set (MDS) than additive and weighted SQI for evaluating soil quality.

Mesopotamia Journal of Agriculture, 2008

Soil, plant, and water (Kasnazan impoundment and well water) samples were monthly collected from ... more Soil, plant, and water (Kasnazan impoundment and well water) samples were monthly collected from Kasnazan (10 Km north east of Erbil city) during August 2004 to February 2005. Chemical and statistical analysis indicated that the irrigation with well water resulted to decreases EC from 0.87 dS.m-1 to 0.49 dS.m-1 , because of leaching and dilution effects. Statistically there is a positive significant correlation (P< 0.05) between SAR value of well water and irrigated soil with it, whereas, a negative correlation of Mg +2 concentrations observed between well water and soil irrigated with it. On the other hand, there was high content of Mg +2 and low content of K +1 for eucalyptus plant irrigated by well water in comparison to that irrigated with impoundment water. INTRODUCTION Water plays an important role in soil productivity and plant growth, and it is regarded as a limiting factor in plant growth. Much natural water contains impurities that make them directly harmful for plant. Plants vary in their tolerate to poor water qualities, so the soil regards as an important factor in limiting water suitability for irrigation (Taiz and Zeiger, 2006). The quality of irrigation water is depended on salt content, the nature of salts present in solution and proportion of Na + to Ca +2 , Mg +2 and other cations (Shirokova et al., 2000). Iraqi Kurdistan Region is rich in water resources like rivers, streams, spring, lake, and impoundment water. Many limnological and phycological studies were conducted in Kasnazan impoundment water a large lentic system within Erbil province (Rashhed, 1994; Al-Barazingy, 1995; Toma, 2000; Bapeer, 2004 and Goran, 2006), whereas, there is a shortage information about water quality for irrigation purposes. This study is the first attempt to reduce existing gap about Kasnazan water quality and its effect on each of soil's ionic component and their effect on Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Dehn), in addition to comparing it with the result of ground water of Kasnazan location. According to United State Salinity laboratory Staff (1954) Classified irrigation water to sixteen classes depending on dS. m-1 at 25 °C and SAR as follows: Electrical Conductivity dS.m-1 at 25 °C Water Classes 0<EC<0.25 C1 Low-salinity 0.25<EC<0.75 C2 Medium-salinity 0.75<EC<2.25 C3 High-salinity 2.25<EC<5 C4 Very high-salinity Continued SAR Water Classes <10 S1= Excellent 10-18 S2= Good 18-26 S3= Fair Mesopotamia J. of Agric.

Open Journal of Soil Science, 2012

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... Acknowledgments We would like to thank (Erbil research center-Kurdistan region-Iraq) for thei... more ... Acknowledgments We would like to thank (Erbil research center-Kurdistan region-Iraq) for their assistance and help during the implementation of these experiments. References Akhtar N, Arshad J, Rukhsana Bajwa. 2001. ... Deolivera DC, Geraldo LG, Isaias RD. 2008. ...

This study was conducted at the laboratories of agricultural college Salahaddin university to inv... more This study was conducted at the laboratories of agricultural college Salahaddin university to investigate the effect of different aqueous extracts 25, 50, 75 and100 % of shoot parts of dill plant Antheum graveolens L. on germination and growth of bread wheat seeds under two controlled temperatures 10˚C and 20˚C. Results illustrated significant effect of studied temperatures on Speed of germination, germination percentage, inhibition of germination, length of radicle and plumule, velocity of radicle and plumule, dry weight of radicle and plumule and shoot root ratio. The effect of different concentration was significant on all recorded data which indicated that the inhibitory effect was concentration dependent.

Mesopotamia Journal of Agriculture, 2008

Soil, plant, and water (Kasnazan impoundment and well water) samples were monthly collected from ... more Soil, plant, and water (Kasnazan impoundment and well water) samples were monthly collected from Kasnazan (10 Km north east of Erbil city) during August 2004 to February 2005. Chemical and statistical analysis indicated that the irrigation with well water resulted to decreases EC from 0.87 dS.m-1 to 0.49 dS.m-1 , because of leaching and dilution effects. Statistically there is a positive significant correlation (P< 0.05) between SAR value of well water and irrigated soil with it, whereas, a negative correlation of Mg +2 concentrations observed between well water and soil irrigated with it. On the other hand, there was high content of Mg +2 and low content of K +1 for eucalyptus plant irrigated by well water in comparison to that irrigated with impoundment water.

Zanco Journal of pure and Applied Science, 2010

Apot experiment was conducted at the greenhouse of Science College-Salahaddin University-Erbil, I... more Apot experiment was conducted at the greenhouse of Science College-Salahaddin University-Erbil, Iraq, during 28 th November 2008 to 13 th April 2009 to study the effect of combination of different levels of nitrogen application (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg N. kg-1 of soil) and irrigation after irrigation to (50, 75 and 100%) field capacity of two selected wheat cultivars (C1= Semeto, C2= Khashna Sardar) on some yield component and chemical composition of leaves and grains. Results indicated that the irrigation, nitrogen and cultivars were affected significantly (P≤0.05) on most yield component, the significant influences of irrigation on yield component and chemical composition of seeds and leaves were observed and was higher than the effect of nitrogen fertilization on both cultivars. On the other hand, statistical analysis showed significant (P≤0.05) differences between two cultivars on nutrient contents of leaves and seeds. In general, increasing nitrogen levels with decreasing amount of irrigated water led to significant increase of N% and proline content of the leaves in both cultivars, in addition to increase of nitrogen, protein and gluten contents of seeds in both cultivars. Also increase nitrogen levels of applied nitrogen and irrigation water coincided to improvement chlorophyll content and other nutrients in leaves and seeds.

International Journal of Biosciences, 2011

Allelopathic potential of twelve local varieties of grapevine Vitis vinifera fruits: taefi; zareg... more Allelopathic potential of twelve local varieties of grapevine Vitis vinifera fruits: taefi; zareg-dohuok; Baetmuni; Blackmanga; Sarqala-bakrajo; Awelka; Rash-merii; Mala-Hassan; Ashgar-basraha; Kamalii; Toli-mawelian and Shekhnuraddin on some germination and growth parameters of lettuce seeds Lactuca sativa has been investigated. The aqueous extracts caused significant inhibitory effects on germination rate; germination speed; radical length; plumule length; radical, plumule and total seedlings dry weight. Bioassays indicated that the inhibitory effects were increased with increasing the aqueous extracts concentration. These results indicated that there is a considerable variation of allelopathic activity that could be utilized in the field of controlling weed plants.

Passer Journal, 2024

It is essential to understand the proper nutrient levels for obtaining the highest yield when ana... more It is essential to understand the proper nutrient levels for obtaining the highest yield when analyzing the foliar composition of walnut leaves using DRIS techniques that consider the interaction between nutrients. The study aims to identify the nutritional deficiencies in walnut orchards responsible for low production by analyzing the data using DRIS and PCA methods. Measured nine elements in the walnut tree leaf: N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and microelements Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mn. Used the Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) to assess nutrient status in the leaf, detect deficits or imbalances, and make specific recommendations for optimal growth. Along with Principal component analysis, diagnose deficient nutrients and deal with problems. In the present work, 42 samples of walnut leaves were analyzed and collected from the walnut orchard at the Balkha/Hawraman, located at 35°11'59.0"N 46°08'59.1"E, altitude 695 m.a.s.l. A high-yielding population of walnut trees forms up 71.4% of the total, while a low-yielding population makes up the remaining 28.6%. Results showed that the most deficient nutrients ascendingly were: Fe>Cu> Zn>Mn>N=Ca>K>P>Mg. The PCA results show that the DRIS index and the low-and high-yield subgroups' nutrient concentrations were represented by 78.8%, 87.2%, and 93.5%, respectively of the total variance. From previous results and field observation, the walnut orchards need more attention and studies in other aspects to fulfill knowledge about soil quality index, climatic changes, and diseases related to these precious trees to make decisions for best monitoring and management.

Zanco Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences

Apot experiment was conducted in greenhouse station, Biology department, Science college, Salahha... more Apot experiment was conducted in greenhouse station, Biology department, Science college, Salahhadin University to study the effect of three drought periods (0, 7, 14, and 21 days) on four soft wheat cultivars (Amede, Aksad, Florkwa and Aras) under three water stress conditions. Factorial Completely Randomized Designs were used with four replication for each treatment and the means were compared using least significant difference test. Morphological and yield characteristics, treatments significantly decreased plant height, tiller numbers, flag leaf length and width, spikes length, spikes number, weight of 100 grains and dry weights of the plants for all cultivars. While for anatomical characteristics treatments significantly increased cuticle thickness, xylem diameter and upper epidermis for all cultivars and lower epidermis only for Asked cultivar and decreased phloem diameter and stomata numbers as compare to control.

Open Journal of Soil Science, 2012

This study was conducted during 2008-2009 ,which included calcium carbonate determination from 84... more This study was conducted during 2008-2009 ,which included calcium carbonate determination from 84 locations (40 soil samples from Erbil, 24 samples from Sulaimani and Kirkuk in addition to 20 samples from Duhok) using calimetric and titration method. The results indicated to significance correlation coefficient between the studied methods or it means that the results of both methods are similar.

Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 2013

A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of difference phosphorus fertilizers on growth... more A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of difference phosphorus fertilizers on growth and nutrient status of soya bean cultivars. The treatments including, three cultivars of soybean (C1=4.7, C2=43355,

Al-Nahrain Journal of Science, 2022

The study was carried out to determine soil organic matter content (SOM) using loss on ignition (... more The study was carried out to determine soil organic matter content (SOM) using loss on ignition (LOI) and titrant methods. Eighty-four composite soil samples were collected from surface soil of randomly different locations in four governorates of northern parts of Iraq. The percent mean values of SOM recorded were 2.34, 2.399 and 1.821, respectively for Erbil, Sulaymaniyah, Kirkuk, and Duhok soil samples for the LOI method, while lower values were obtained 1.39, 1.595 and 0.98% respectively by using the titrant method for the same soil samples. A low relationship between two SOM procedures was obtained (r 2 = 0.462, 0.585 and 0.241) respectively for the same governorates soil samples. Current results revealed that the titrant method is more accurate and convenient to be used for SOM determination of soils in our area, and further studies must be done by using other methods to find the more suitable procedure for this purpose.