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Papers by Peggy Morgenstern
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 2019
The Late Bronze Age (ca. 1700/1600-1050 BCE) in the Aegean started with strong connections betwee... more The Late Bronze Age (ca. 1700/1600-1050 BCE) in the Aegean started with strong connections between societies in the region and beyond, and was accompanied by the collapse of palatial polities around 1200 BCE. The collapse led to unrest and migration in the East Mediterranean. In the present study, we focus on settlement contexts dating to the transition between the Mycenaean palatial and post-palatial periods (ca. 1250-1050 BCE) in Greece, which saw the destruction of the Mycenaean palaces (ca. 1200 BCE). We aim to shed light on trade connections and mobility in the region during this substantial period through ancient DNA of livestock. We sequenced pig and cattle mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from Tiryns, Greece-a key Bronze Age site in the Aegean region. We discovered an Italian pig haplotype in palatial Tiryns. This is the first time that this particular haplotype is found outside Italy. By contrast, a genetic haplotype of Near Eastern descent (Y1) that was present in the Mycenaean palatial period cannot be ascertained in the post-palatial period. Whether comparable changes in the composition of livestock are also to be found in cattle, we are not able to say, because only the palatial period samples yielded ancient DNA. The results of this study corroborate the published data on mtDNA of pigs from the Mediterranean Basin from the Bronze and Iron Ages. They suggest that in the Mediterranean, pigs were translocated through various patterns of mobility; by Italian migrants to Mycenaean Greece as well as by other mobile groups ("Sea Peoples") to the Levant. Ancient DNA is a powerful tool to reveal ancient translocations of species, and pigs serve a good proxy for tracing patterns of human mobility and interconnections.
Scientific reports, Apr 6, 2017
The Late Bronze of the Eastern Mediterranean (1550-1150 BCE) was a period of strong commercial re... more The Late Bronze of the Eastern Mediterranean (1550-1150 BCE) was a period of strong commercial relations and great prosperity, which ended in collapse and migration of groups to the Levant. Here we aim at studying the translocation of cattle and pigs during this period. We sequenced the first ancient mitochondrial and Y chromosome DNA of cattle from Greece and Israel and compared the results with morphometric analysis of the metacarpal in cattle. We also increased previous ancient pig DNA datasets from Israel and extracted the first mitochondrial DNA for samples from Greece. We found that pigs underwent a complex translocation history, with links between Anatolia with southeastern Europe in the Bronze Age, and movement from southeastern Europe to the Levant in the Iron I (ca. 1150-950 BCE). Our genetic data did not indicate movement of cattle between the Aegean region and the southern Levant. We detected the earliest evidence for crossbreeding between taurine and zebu cattle in the ...
Antiquity, 2016
Whales have been exploited for millennia by human societies all over the world. Stranded whales p... more Whales have been exploited for millennia by human societies all over the world. Stranded whales provided meat, oil, bones and other products that were promptly used by those lucky enough to find them. But natural strandings are too occasional to be relied upon, and in many parts of the world communities developed a range of methods to bring whales actively onshore. Given the long occupation of the Mediterranean region, the near absence of evidence for whale use in the region is puzzling. The following two papers explore the possibility that whale exploitation in the Mediterranean was more important than is generally recognised by historians, archaeologists and ecologists alike.
Mit dem Grottenheiligtum am Osthang des Stadtbergs nimmt dieser Band eines der innerstädtischen N... more Mit dem Grottenheiligtum am Osthang des Stadtbergs nimmt dieser Band eines der innerstädtischen Naturheiligtümer in den Blick, die im späten Hellenismus ein integraler Bestandteil der urbanen Struktur Pergamons waren. Neben der Architektur, die Grotten und Felsen integriert und dabei in spezifischer Weise inszeniert, wird auch das umfangreiche Fundmaterial detailliert aufgearbeitet. Der besonders günstigen Überlieferungslage ist es zu verdanken, dass sich mit diesem Fundkomplex ein großer Teil des Heiligtumsinventars erhalten hat. Ein umfangreicher Komplex von gut erhaltener Gefäßkeramik schließt eine Lücke in der Chronologie der späthellenistischen Keramik aus Pergamon. Darüber hinaus erlaubt er die Rekonstruktion von Bankettgeschirrsets und wirft damit ein Schlaglicht auf die Ausstattung und Organisation eines mutmaßlichen Vereinshauses. Etwa 130 Terrakottastatuetten sowie Funde aus Metall, Stein, Glas und zahlreiche Tierknochen vervollständigen das facettenreiche Fundspektrum. Be...
K. Grebe, K. Kirsch, S. Dalitz, S. Hogarth (Hrsg.), Die Brandenburg im slawischen Mittelalter. Ergebnisse der Ausgrabungen zwischen 1961 und 1983. Forschungen zur Archäologie im Land Brandenburg 16, 2015
Archäologie in Berlin und Brandenburg (2015), 2017
K.-H. Willroth & J. Schneeweiß (Hrsg.), Slawen an der Elbe. Göttinger Forschungen zur Ur- und Frühgeschichte, 2011
Archäologie in Berlin und Brandenburg (2014), 2016
S. Flohr (Hrsg.), Beiträge zur Archäozoologie und Prähistorischen Anthropologie, 2015
F. Biermann, Th. Kersting, A. Klammt (Hrsg.), Soziale Gruppen und Gesellschaftsstrukturen im westslawischen Raum. Beiträge zur Ur-und Frühgeschichte Mitteleuropas, 2013
Archäologischer Anzeiger 2. HB, 2016
E. Sava & E. Kaiser (Hrsg.), Die Siedlung mit "Aschehügeln" beim Dorf Odaia-Miciurin, Republik Moldova (Poselenie s "zol'nikami" u sela Odaja-Miciurin, Respublika Moldova). Biblioteca "Tyragetia" XIX, 2011
J. Baron & B. Kufel-Diakowska (eds.), Written in Bones. Studie on technological and social contexts of past faunal skeletal remains. Wroclaw, 2011
N. Benecke & S. Flohr (Hrsg.), Beiträge zur Archäozoologie und Prähistorischen Anthropologie, 2011
N. Benecke (Hrsg.), Beiträge zur Archäozoologie und Prähistorischen Anthropologie, 2009
K.-H. Willroth, H.-J. Beug, F. Lüth, F. Schopper (Hrsg.), Slawen an der unteren Mittelelbe. Untersuchungen zurländlichen Besiedlung, zum Burgenbau, zu Besiedlungsstrukturen und zum Landschaftswandel. , 2013
N. Benecke & S. Flohr (Hrsg.), Beiträge zur Archäozoologie und Prähistorischen Anthropologie, 2011
Books by Peggy Morgenstern
J. Henning, F. Biermann, J. Machacek, Studien zur Archäologie Europas 26, 2015
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 2019
The Late Bronze Age (ca. 1700/1600-1050 BCE) in the Aegean started with strong connections betwee... more The Late Bronze Age (ca. 1700/1600-1050 BCE) in the Aegean started with strong connections between societies in the region and beyond, and was accompanied by the collapse of palatial polities around 1200 BCE. The collapse led to unrest and migration in the East Mediterranean. In the present study, we focus on settlement contexts dating to the transition between the Mycenaean palatial and post-palatial periods (ca. 1250-1050 BCE) in Greece, which saw the destruction of the Mycenaean palaces (ca. 1200 BCE). We aim to shed light on trade connections and mobility in the region during this substantial period through ancient DNA of livestock. We sequenced pig and cattle mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from Tiryns, Greece-a key Bronze Age site in the Aegean region. We discovered an Italian pig haplotype in palatial Tiryns. This is the first time that this particular haplotype is found outside Italy. By contrast, a genetic haplotype of Near Eastern descent (Y1) that was present in the Mycenaean palatial period cannot be ascertained in the post-palatial period. Whether comparable changes in the composition of livestock are also to be found in cattle, we are not able to say, because only the palatial period samples yielded ancient DNA. The results of this study corroborate the published data on mtDNA of pigs from the Mediterranean Basin from the Bronze and Iron Ages. They suggest that in the Mediterranean, pigs were translocated through various patterns of mobility; by Italian migrants to Mycenaean Greece as well as by other mobile groups ("Sea Peoples") to the Levant. Ancient DNA is a powerful tool to reveal ancient translocations of species, and pigs serve a good proxy for tracing patterns of human mobility and interconnections.
Scientific reports, Apr 6, 2017
The Late Bronze of the Eastern Mediterranean (1550-1150 BCE) was a period of strong commercial re... more The Late Bronze of the Eastern Mediterranean (1550-1150 BCE) was a period of strong commercial relations and great prosperity, which ended in collapse and migration of groups to the Levant. Here we aim at studying the translocation of cattle and pigs during this period. We sequenced the first ancient mitochondrial and Y chromosome DNA of cattle from Greece and Israel and compared the results with morphometric analysis of the metacarpal in cattle. We also increased previous ancient pig DNA datasets from Israel and extracted the first mitochondrial DNA for samples from Greece. We found that pigs underwent a complex translocation history, with links between Anatolia with southeastern Europe in the Bronze Age, and movement from southeastern Europe to the Levant in the Iron I (ca. 1150-950 BCE). Our genetic data did not indicate movement of cattle between the Aegean region and the southern Levant. We detected the earliest evidence for crossbreeding between taurine and zebu cattle in the ...
Antiquity, 2016
Whales have been exploited for millennia by human societies all over the world. Stranded whales p... more Whales have been exploited for millennia by human societies all over the world. Stranded whales provided meat, oil, bones and other products that were promptly used by those lucky enough to find them. But natural strandings are too occasional to be relied upon, and in many parts of the world communities developed a range of methods to bring whales actively onshore. Given the long occupation of the Mediterranean region, the near absence of evidence for whale use in the region is puzzling. The following two papers explore the possibility that whale exploitation in the Mediterranean was more important than is generally recognised by historians, archaeologists and ecologists alike.
Mit dem Grottenheiligtum am Osthang des Stadtbergs nimmt dieser Band eines der innerstädtischen N... more Mit dem Grottenheiligtum am Osthang des Stadtbergs nimmt dieser Band eines der innerstädtischen Naturheiligtümer in den Blick, die im späten Hellenismus ein integraler Bestandteil der urbanen Struktur Pergamons waren. Neben der Architektur, die Grotten und Felsen integriert und dabei in spezifischer Weise inszeniert, wird auch das umfangreiche Fundmaterial detailliert aufgearbeitet. Der besonders günstigen Überlieferungslage ist es zu verdanken, dass sich mit diesem Fundkomplex ein großer Teil des Heiligtumsinventars erhalten hat. Ein umfangreicher Komplex von gut erhaltener Gefäßkeramik schließt eine Lücke in der Chronologie der späthellenistischen Keramik aus Pergamon. Darüber hinaus erlaubt er die Rekonstruktion von Bankettgeschirrsets und wirft damit ein Schlaglicht auf die Ausstattung und Organisation eines mutmaßlichen Vereinshauses. Etwa 130 Terrakottastatuetten sowie Funde aus Metall, Stein, Glas und zahlreiche Tierknochen vervollständigen das facettenreiche Fundspektrum. Be...
K. Grebe, K. Kirsch, S. Dalitz, S. Hogarth (Hrsg.), Die Brandenburg im slawischen Mittelalter. Ergebnisse der Ausgrabungen zwischen 1961 und 1983. Forschungen zur Archäologie im Land Brandenburg 16, 2015
Archäologie in Berlin und Brandenburg (2015), 2017
K.-H. Willroth & J. Schneeweiß (Hrsg.), Slawen an der Elbe. Göttinger Forschungen zur Ur- und Frühgeschichte, 2011
Archäologie in Berlin und Brandenburg (2014), 2016
S. Flohr (Hrsg.), Beiträge zur Archäozoologie und Prähistorischen Anthropologie, 2015
F. Biermann, Th. Kersting, A. Klammt (Hrsg.), Soziale Gruppen und Gesellschaftsstrukturen im westslawischen Raum. Beiträge zur Ur-und Frühgeschichte Mitteleuropas, 2013
Archäologischer Anzeiger 2. HB, 2016
E. Sava & E. Kaiser (Hrsg.), Die Siedlung mit "Aschehügeln" beim Dorf Odaia-Miciurin, Republik Moldova (Poselenie s "zol'nikami" u sela Odaja-Miciurin, Respublika Moldova). Biblioteca "Tyragetia" XIX, 2011
J. Baron & B. Kufel-Diakowska (eds.), Written in Bones. Studie on technological and social contexts of past faunal skeletal remains. Wroclaw, 2011
N. Benecke & S. Flohr (Hrsg.), Beiträge zur Archäozoologie und Prähistorischen Anthropologie, 2011
N. Benecke (Hrsg.), Beiträge zur Archäozoologie und Prähistorischen Anthropologie, 2009
K.-H. Willroth, H.-J. Beug, F. Lüth, F. Schopper (Hrsg.), Slawen an der unteren Mittelelbe. Untersuchungen zurländlichen Besiedlung, zum Burgenbau, zu Besiedlungsstrukturen und zum Landschaftswandel. , 2013
N. Benecke & S. Flohr (Hrsg.), Beiträge zur Archäozoologie und Prähistorischen Anthropologie, 2011
J. Henning, F. Biermann, J. Machacek, Studien zur Archäologie Europas 26, 2015