Alberto Pera - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Alberto Pera

European Competition Journal, 2005

... 153 CONSUMER WELFARE, STANDARD OF PROOF AND THE OBJECTIVES OF COMPETITION POLICY ALBERTO PERA... more ... 153 CONSUMER WELFARE, STANDARD OF PROOF AND THE OBJECTIVES OF COMPETITION POLICY ALBERTO PERA AND VITO AURICCHIO* A ... March 2005 European Competition Journal 157 in Jefferson Parish v Hyde,18 the Supreme Court introduced the concept that ...

The relationship between competition and regulation has long been at the center of debate. In thi... more The relationship between competition and regulation has long been at the center of debate. In this article the Authors highlight the different approaches followed by European and national courts with respect to regulatory measures aimed at fostering competition and those aimed at protecting other public interests. They then examine critically the way in which the criterion of complementarity between competition law and pro-competitive regulation is applied at the EU and national level and question the use of a homogeneous paradigm in the two instances. Finally the Authors suggest to review the use of the criteria of “autonomous decision” and “special responsibility” when applying competition law in presence of a pro-competitive regulation.

During the last few years the application of EC antitrust law has been subject to a number of cha... more During the last few years the application of EC antitrust law has been subject to a number of changes, aiming at giving a greater role to economic analysis. This is leading to the abandonment of the traditional ordoliberal inspiration of EC competition law. This paper explores how justi ed is this change. In particular it argues that economic analysis provides di erent views of how competition works and thet it may a ect the application of antitrust at di erent stages. From this point of view a more economic approach is not necessarily incompatible with a reformed ordoliberal paradigm. What appears incompatible is an approach which substitutes eciency for competition. Such an approach has gained a role in the US antitrust, but its extension to the EC legal context is bound to produce a number of problems, and to lead to results di erent from the desired ones.

Au cours des dix dernieres annees, nombre de pays ont pris des mesures pour liberaliser des secte... more Au cours des dix dernieres annees, nombre de pays ont pris des mesures pour liberaliser des secteurs jusque-la reglementes et privatiser des entreprises sous controle public. L'auteur decrit cette evolution en s'attachant specialement aux secteurs des transports et des telecommunications et examine les considerations theoriques qui ont motive ce changement d'orientation de l'action gouvernementale. Il fait valoir que la reglementation des prix, les restrictions imposees a l'entree dans certaines branches et le fait que certaines entreprises soient la propriete de l'Etat aboutissent souvent a des inefficiences qui amoindrissent serieusement les gains de " bien-etre " que l'on pourrait attendre de ces dispositions. Il constate aussi que l'on a parfois reglemente des marches qui, livres a eux-memes, auraient fonctionne au mieux de l'efficience economique malgre la concentration des structures de production.

Il lavoro svolge alcune riflessioni circa il ruolo della prevenzione generale “negativa” e “posit... more Il lavoro svolge alcune riflessioni circa il ruolo della prevenzione generale “negativa” e “positiva” nel diritto antitrust sulla base dell’esperienza della Commissione europea e dell’Autorita Garante della Concorrenza e del Mercato. Un’analisi della politica sanzionatoria delle due Autorita, mostra che, sia a livello europeo che nazionale, sebbene per ragioni differenti, puo risultare difficile assicurare un elevato livello di compliance attraverso la sola politica sanzionatoria. Cio ha generato un dibattito circa la possibile introduzione di strumenti di prevenzione alternativi, quali le sanzioni penali e/o individuali e i compliance programme. A tale ultimo riguardo, occorre tuttavia osservare che la definizione di efficaci modelli di conformita comporta un rilevante onere per le imprese e richiede incentivi: in Europa, la possibilita di tenere conto dei programmi di conformita nell’ambito dell’accertamento della responsabilita di impresa e ancora dibattuta e la prassi seguita ne...

Mercato Concorrenza Regole, 2012

This article provides a critical overview on the interaction between private antitrust enforcemen... more This article provides a critical overview on the interaction between private antitrust enforcement and commitment decisions. Over the last few years there has been a significant use of commitment decisions, especially in Italy, to solve competition concerns in numerous cases, with the sole exclusion of hard core restrictions. The use of this type of decisions makes private antitrust enforcement more difficult, as without a formal finding of an infringement recovery of damages may be more burdensome and difficult for injured parties: this raises the issue of the probatory value of commitment decisions. In this respect, some recent case law provides indications on the private enforceability of decisions accepting commitments from parties in national courts. Other evidence that may be used in civil actions may also be obtained through access to the file. In the authors' opinion, the issues discussed are particularly relevant in light of the growing interest in Italy and in Europe for a more effective private enforcement as an additional tool to enhance protection of competition.

Boletin Del Circulo De Empresarios, 1987

The Privatization of Public Utilities, 1997

Revue Economique De L Ocde, 1989

Rivista Italiana Di Antitrust Italian Antitrust Review, 2014