R. Heideman - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by R. Heideman

A novel optical waveguide, consisting of a thin high-index coating boxing a low-index inner mater... more A novel optical waveguide, consisting of a thin high-index coating boxing a low-index inner material, is presented. Details on waveguide design, fabrication and experimental results are shown, demonstrating high potentialities for CMOScompatible large-scale integrated optics.

CLEO/Europe - EQEC 2009 - European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics and the European Quantum Electronics Conference, 2009

One of the important advantages of Si photonics devices is their compactness, which derives from ... more One of the important advantages of Si photonics devices is their compactness, which derives from the high refractive index of Si . However, this compactness also causes a problem for a specific application. For example, let us consider an attachment of a 40ch fibre array to Si photonics devices. A 40ch fibre array is wider than 10 mm (or 5 mm), because the typical pitch of standard optical fibres is fixed at 250 µm (or 127 µm). Therefore, at least one side of a Si photonics chip will be wider than a 40ch fibre array. This makes the Si photonics footprint larger and reduces the number of chips that we can layout on one wafer.

Optical Fiber Communication Conference, 2012

We compare ultra-low-loss silica waveguides with PECVD SiO 2 , borophosphosilicate glass (BPSG), ... more We compare ultra-low-loss silica waveguides with PECVD SiO 2 , borophosphosilicate glass (BPSG), and wafer-bonded thermal oxide upper claddings. We demonstrate fiber-like (0.045 dB/m) total propagation loss in planar waveguides with bonded thermal oxide upper claddings.

Bio-MEMS and Medical Microdevices, 2013

ABSTRACT Despite the advances in optical biosensors, the existing technological approaches still ... more ABSTRACT Despite the advances in optical biosensors, the existing technological approaches still face two major challenges: the inherent inability of most sensors to integrate the optical source in the transducer chip, and the need to specifically design the optical transducer per application. In this work, the development of a radical optoelectronic platform is demonstrated based on a monolithic optocoupler array fabricated by standard Si-technology and suitable for multi-analyte detection. The platform has been specifically designed biochemical sensing. In the all-silicon array of transducers, each optocoupler has its own excitation source, while the entire array share a common detector. The light emitting devices (LEDs) are silicon avalanche diodes biased beyond their breakdown voltage and emit in the VIS-NIR part of the spectrum. The LEDs are coupled to individually functionalized optical transducers that converge to a single detector for multiplexed operation. The integrated nature of the basic biosensor scheme and the ability to functionalize each transducer independently allows for the development of miniaturized optical transducers tailored towards multi-analyte tests. The monolithic arrays can be used for a plethora of bio/chemical interactions becoming thus a versatile analytical tool. The platform has been successfully applied in bioassays and binding in a real-time and label-free format and is currently being applied to ultra-sensitive food safety applications.

Optics express, Jan 4, 2013

In this paper, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel wideband on-chip photonic modula... more In this paper, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel wideband on-chip photonic modulation transformer for phase-modulated microwave photonic links. The proposed device is able to transform phase-modulated optical signals into intensity-modulated versions (or vice versa) with nearly zero conversion of laser phase noise to intensity noise. It is constructed using waveguide-based ring resonators, which features simple architecture, stable operation, and easy reconfigurability. Beyond the stand-alone functionality, the proposed device can also be integrated with other functional building blocks of photonic integrated circuits (PICs) to create on-chip complex microwave photonic signal processors. As an application example, a PIC consisting of two such modulation transformers and a notch filter has been designed and realized in TriPleX(TM) waveguide technology. The realized device uses a 2 × 2 splitting circuit and 3 ring resonators with a free spectral range of 25 GHz, which ...

Chemical Engineering Science, 2011

In this paper, we describe the design and the development of a Ku-band phased array antenna syste... more In this paper, we describe the design and the development of a Ku-band phased array antenna system for the reception of a digital video broadcasting by satellite (DVB-S) signal. A concept of optical beamforming is implemented to provide a squint-free beam steering over the entire Ku-band (10.7-12.75 GHz) as well as to achieve seamless tunability of the beam pointing direction.

We present 4x40Gb/s all-optical wavelength conversion employing SOAs fiber- interconnected with i... more We present 4x40Gb/s all-optical wavelength conversion employing SOAs fiber- interconnected with integrated arrays of tunable Si3N4-SiO2 micro-ring resonators and delay interferometers. We demonstrate chirp filtering and polarity inversion on-chip. ©2011 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: (060.4510) Optical communications; (230.7405) Wavelength conversion devices

$Research paper thumbnail of Continuously tunable photonic fractional Hilbert transformer using a high-contrast germanium-doped silica-on-silicon microring resonator$

Optics Letters, 2014

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a continuously tunable fractional Hilbert transformer (... more We propose and experimentally demonstrate a continuously tunable fractional Hilbert transformer (FHT) based on a high-contrast germanium-doped silica-on-silicon (SOS) microring resonator (MRR). The propagation loss of a high-contrast germanium-doped SOS waveguide can be very small (0.02 dB/cm) while the lossless bend radius can be less than 1 mm. These characteristics lead to the fabrication of an MRR with a high Q-factor and a large free-spectral range (FSR), which is needed to implement a Hilbert transformer (HT). The SOS MRR is strongly polarization dependent. By changing the polarization direction of the input signal, the phase shift introduced at the center of the resonance spectrum is changed. The tunable phase shift at the resonance wavelength can be used to implement a tunable FHT. A germanium-doped SOS MRR with a high-index contrast of 3.8% is fabricated. The use of the fabricated MRR for the implementation of a tunable FHT with tunable orders at 1, 0.85, 0.95, 1.05, and 1.13 for a Gaussian pulse with the temporal full width at half-maximum of 80 ps is experimentally demonstrated.

2010 IEEE International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics, 2010

AbstractThe squint-free beamsteering capability of a photonic integrated beamformer based on cont... more AbstractThe squint-free beamsteering capability of a photonic integrated beamformer based on continuously tunable optical ring resonators has been demonstrated by showing, for the first time, its generated radiation patterns. The paper demonstrates a beamsteering of 16 degrees over an instantaneous bandwidth of at least 450 MHz.

2013 IEEE International Topical Meeting on Microwave Photonics (MWP), 2013

ABSTRACT We propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel, hardware-compressive architecture for... more ABSTRACT We propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel, hardware-compressive architecture for broadband and continuously tunable integrated optical true-time-delay beamformers. The architecture is based on on-chip wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) that, in conjunction with the frequency-periodic response of optical ring resonator (ORR) filters, dramatically reduces the network complexity and, in turn, its area occupation on the wafer. This allows the integration of an unprecedented number of delay channels on a single chip, overcoming the main limitation of current integrated beamformers, that is, the limited capability to feed very large arrays when using a single chip. Based on this technique, a novel device is realized with TriPleXTM waveguide technology, using CMOS-compatible fabrication equipment, and its functionality is demonstrated over the instantaneous 2-10 GHz bandwidth. At the best of our knowledge, this results represent at the same time the record instantaneous bandwidth (8 GHz) for an optical beamformer based on optical ring resonators (ORR), and the first demonstration of an integrated beamformer where signals from different antenna elements are processed simultaneously by individual delay lines, exploiting the periodic response of ORRs.

Biosensors & bioelectronics, Jan 15, 2015

The use of live bacterial reporters as sensing entities in whole-cell biosensors allows the inves... more The use of live bacterial reporters as sensing entities in whole-cell biosensors allows the investigation of the biological effects of a tested sample, as well as the bioavailability of its components. Here we present a proof of concept for a new design for online continuous water monitoring flow-cell biosensor, incorporating recombinant reporter bacteria, engineered to generate an optical signal (fluorescent or bioluminescent) in the presence of the target compound(s). At the heart of the flow-cell is a disposable chip made of porous aluminum oxide (PAO), which retains the sensor microorganisms on its rigid planar surface, while its high porosity allows an undisturbed access both to the sample and to essential nutrients. The ability of the bacterial reporters to detect model toxic chemicals was first demonstrated using a "naked" PAO chip placed on solid agar, and later in a chip encased in a specially designed flow-through configuration which enables continuous on-line mo...

Photonics Packaging, Integration, and Interconnects IX, 2009

We present a new class of low-loss integrated optical waveguide structures as CMOS-compatible ind... more We present a new class of low-loss integrated optical waveguide structures as CMOS-compatible industrial standard for photonic integration on silicon or glass. A TriPleX TM waveguide is basically formed by a -preferably rectangular-silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) shell filled with and encapsulated by silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ). The constituent materials are low-cost stoichiometric LPVCD end products which are very stable in time. Modal characteristics, birefringence, footprint size and insertion loss are controlled by design of the geometry. Several examples of new applications will be presented to demonstrate its high potential for large-scale integrated optical circuits for telecommunications, sensing and visible light applications.

Silicon Photonics and Photonic Integrated Circuits, 2008

A new class of integrated optical waveguide structures ("TriPleX") is presented, based on low cos... more A new class of integrated optical waveguide structures ("TriPleX") is presented, based on low cost CMOS-compatible LPCVD processing of alternating Si 3 N 4 and SiO 2 layers. The technology allows for medium and high index-contrast waveguides that exhibit low channel attenuation. In addition, TriPleX waveguides are suitable for operation at wavelengths from visible (< 500 nm) through the infra-red range (2 µm and beyond). The geometry is basically formed by a rectangular cross-section of silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) filled with and encapsulated by silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ). The birefringence and minimal bend radius of the waveguide are completely controlled by the geometry of the waveguide layer structures. Experiments on typical geometries show excellent characteristics for telecom wavelengths at ~1300 nm-1600 nm (channel attenuation ≤ 0.06 dB/cm, Insertion Loss (IL) ≤ 0.15 dB, Polarization Dependent Loss (PDL) ≤ 0.1 dB, Group Birefringence (B g ) « 1×10 -4 , bend radius ≤ 50-100 µm).

Optics Express, 2013

We propose and demonstrate a novel wideband microwave photonic polarization network for dual line... more We propose and demonstrate a novel wideband microwave photonic polarization network for dual linear-polarized antennas. The polarization network is based on a waveguide-implemented fullyreconfigurable optical interleaver using a two-ring resonator-assisted asymmetric Mach-Zehnder structure. For microwave photonic signal processing, this structure is able to serve as a wideband 2 × 2 RF coupler with reconfigurable complex coefficients, and therefore can be used as a polarization network for wideband antennas. Such a device can equip the antennas with not only the polarization rotation capability for linearpolarization signals but also the capability to operate with and tune between two opposite circular polarizations. Operating together with a particular modulation scheme, the device is also able to serve for simultaneous feeding of dual-polarization signals. These photonic-implemented RF functionalities can be applied to wideband antenna systems to perform agile polarization manipulations and tracking operations. An example of such a interleaver has been realized in TriPleX waveguide technology, which was designed with a free spectral range of 20 GHz and a mask footprint of smaller than 1 × 1 cm. Using the realized device, the reconfigurable complex coefficients of the polarization network were demonstrated with a continuous bandwidth from 2 to 8 GHz and an in-band phase ripple of smaller than 5 degree. The waveguide structure of the device allows it to be further integrated with other functional building blocks of a photonic integrated circuit to realize on-chip, complex microwave photonic processors. Of particular interest, it can be included in an optical beamformer for phased array antennas, so that simultaneous wideband beam and polarization trackings can be achieved photonically. To our knowledge, this is the first-time on-chip demonstration of an integrated microwave photonic polarization network for dual linear-polarized antennas.

$Research paper thumbnail of Novel microwave photonic fractional Hilbert transformer using a ring resonator-based optical all-pass filter$

Optics Express, 2012

We propose and demonstrate a novel wideband microwave photonic fractional Hilbert transformer imp... more We propose and demonstrate a novel wideband microwave photonic fractional Hilbert transformer implemented using a ring resonatorbased optical all-pass filter. The full programmability of the ring resonator allows variable and arbitrary fractional order of the Hilbert transformer. The performance analysis in both frequency and time domain validates that the proposed implementation provides a good approximation to an ideal fractional Hilbert transformer. This is also experimentally verified by an electrical S 21 response characterization performed on a waveguide realization of a ring resonator. The waveguide-based structure allows the proposed Hilbert transformer to be integrated together with other building blocks on a photonic integrated circuit to create various system-level functionalities for on-chip microwave photonic signal processors. As an example, a circuit consisting of a splitter and a ring resonator has been realized which can perform on-chip phase control of microwave signals generated by means of optical heterodyning, and simultaneous generation of in-phase and quadrature microwave signals for a wide frequency range. For these functionalities, this simple and on-chip solution is considered to be practical, particularly when operating together with a dual-frequency laser. To our best knowledge, this is the first-time on-chip demonstration where ring resonators are employed to perform phase control functionalities for optical generation of microwave signals by means of optical heterodyning.

Laser & Photonics Reviews, 2013

ABSTRACT In this paper, novel photonic delay lines (DLs) using Vernier/non-identical ring resonat... more ABSTRACT In this paper, novel photonic delay lines (DLs) using Vernier/non-identical ring resonators (VRRs) are proposed and demonstrated, which are capable of simultaneous generation of multiple different delays at different wavelengths (frequencies). The simple device architectures and full reconfigurability allow the DLs to be integrated with other functional building blocks in photonic integrated circuits to realize on-chip, complex multi-λ microwave photonic signal processors with reduced system complexity. To prove the concept, DLs using VRRs in cascaded and coupled configurations have been fabricated in TriPleXTM waveguide technology, which enables a very low delay-induced loss of approximately 0.18 dB/100 ps. The fabricated DLs demonstrated simultaneous generation of four incremental delays, where a maximum incremental step of 550 ps and a corresponding top delay of 1650 ps were measured for a bandwidth up to 1 GHz. To our knowledge, this is the first report on VRRs for delay generation functionalities.

IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 2000

ABSTRACT In this paper, we report experimental results of integrated optics ring resonators (RRs)... more ABSTRACT In this paper, we report experimental results of integrated optics ring resonators (RRs) based on TriPleX waveguide technology. The RRs operate in the near infrared enabling the use of very cost effective VCSELs as a light source. The experimentally obtained response of the ring resontors is in good agreement with theory, while the measured through and drop responses show very low on-chip losses. The chips show good coupling efficiencies to external fibers due to integrated spotsize convertors. The corresponding signal-to-noise ratio enables for measurements of changes in refractive index (RI) smaller than 1 × 10−6 RIU. The RRs are combined with an 850-nm vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) as a light source and prototype electronic equipment for signal processing. Several applications are described here, such as RI measurements in fluidic channels, label-free biochemical surface reactions, and gas detection in ambient atmosphere

Electronics Letters, 2009

Efficient total reflection mirrors are fabricated on silica-based waveguides by direct milling wi... more Efficient total reflection mirrors are fabricated on silica-based waveguides by direct milling with a focused ion beam. To reduce the excess losses of the mirrors, a two-step milling technique is employed that reduces the roughness of the mirror surface while maintaining a high milling rate. A focused ion beam is used to fabricate low-loss mirrors with small excess losses of about 1.0 dB.