Rozenn Lemaitre - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Rozenn Lemaitre

Objective-Lipids, through effects on the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems, may contribute to ... more Objective-Lipids, through effects on the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems, may contribute to the development of venous thrombosis. This association has been investigated in a few studies, with conflicting results. Methods and Results-We conducted a population-based, case-control study at a health maintenance organization in Washington State, to assess the association of serum lipid levels with the risk of venous thrombosis. Cases were 477 postmenopausal women with a first venous thrombosis during January through December 2001. Control subjects (1986) were a random sample of postmenopausal women. Medical records, computerized pharmacy databases, and a cancer registry served to collect data on lipid levels and risk factors for thrombosis. Total cholesterol levels were not associated with venous thrombosis. Only high HDL cholesterol levels were associated with a decreased risk of venous thrombosis after adjustment for hospitalization, malignancy, height and weight, postmenopausal hormone therapy, and vascular disease (for high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol levels Ͼ1.79 mmol/L versus those Ͻ1.79 mmol/L; odds ratio [OR], 0.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.52 to 0.97). In contrast, elevated triglyceride levels were associated with an increased risk (OR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.34 to 3.37) for women with triglyceride levels Ͼ1.05 mmol/L compared with women with lower levels. Conclusion-Elevated triglyceride levels were associated with a doubling of risk of venous thrombosis in postmenopausal women, whereas elevated HDL cholesterol levels were associated with a decreased risk. (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc

Background: There is little information about the risk of stroke in relation to time since initia... more Background: There is little information about the risk of stroke in relation to time since initiation of hormone therapy and in relation to estrogen dose. Methods: We conducted a population-based case- control study at Group Health Cooperative (GHC), a health maintenance organization in the greater Seattle (Wash) area, to assess the association of hormone replacement therapy with the risks of

Diabetes Care, 2015

To investigate the effects of trans fatty acids (TFAs) on type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) by specif... more To investigate the effects of trans fatty acids (TFAs) on type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) by specific TFA subtype or method of assessment.

The American journal of clinical nutrition, Jan 18, 2015

Circulating saturated fatty acids (SFAs) are integrated biomarkers of diet and metabolism that ma... more Circulating saturated fatty acids (SFAs) are integrated biomarkers of diet and metabolism that may influence the pathogenesis of diabetes. In epidemiologic studies, circulating levels of palmitic acid (16:0) are associated with diabetes; however, very-long-chain SFAs (VLSFAs), with 20 or more carbons, differ from palmitic acid in their biological activities, and little is known of the association of circulating VLSFA with diabetes. By using data from the Cardiovascular Health Study, we examined the associations of plasma phospholipid VLSFA levels measured at baseline with subsequent incident diabetes. A total of 3179 older adults, with a mean age of 75 y at study baseline (1992-1993), were followed through 2011. We used multiple proportional hazards regression to examine the associations of arachidic acid (20:0), behenic acid (22:0), and lignoceric acid (24:0) with diabetes. Baseline levels of each VLSFA were cross-sectionally associated with lower triglyceride levels and lower circ...

The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2015

Experimental evidence suggests that hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) affects insulin homeostasis... more Experimental evidence suggests that hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) affects insulin homeostasis via synthesis of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). Few prospective studies have used fatty acid biomarkers to assess associations with type 2 diabetes. We investigated associations of major circulating SFAs [palmitic acid (16:0) and stearic acid (18:0)] and MUFA [oleic acid (18:1n-9)] in the DNL pathway with metabolic risk factors and incident diabetes in community-based older U.S. adults in the Cardiovascular Health Study. We secondarily assessed other DNL fatty acid biomarkers [myristic acid (14:0), palmitoleic acid (16:1n-7), 7-hexadecenoic acid (16:1n-9), and vaccenic acid (18:1n-7)] and estimated dietary SFAs and MUFAs. In 3004 participants free of diabetes, plasma phospholipid fatty acids were measured in 1992, and incident diabetes was identified by medication use and blood glucose. Usual diets were assessed by using repeated food-frequency que...

The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2015

Circulating trans fatty acids (TFAs), which cannot be synthesized by humans, are linked to advers... more Circulating trans fatty acids (TFAs), which cannot be synthesized by humans, are linked to adverse health outcomes. Although TFAs are obtained from diet, little is known about subsequent influences (e.g., relating to incorporation, metabolism, or intercompetition with other fatty acids) that could alter circulating concentrations and possibly modulate or mediate impacts on health. The objective was to elucidate novel biologic pathways that may influence circulating TFAs by evaluating associations between common genetic variation and TFA biomarkers. We performed meta-analyses using 7 cohorts of European-ancestry participants (n = 8013) having measured genome-wide variation in single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and circulating TFA biomarkers (erythrocyte or plasma phospholipids), including trans-16:1n-7, total trans-18:1, trans/cis-18:2, cis/trans-18:2, and trans/trans-18:2. We further evaluated SNPs with genome-wide significant associations among African Americans (n = 1082), Chi...

American journal of hypertension, 2003

In prospective studies, hypokalemia has been shown to be associated with a subsequent increase in... more In prospective studies, hypokalemia has been shown to be associated with a subsequent increase in stroke risk in treated hypertensive adults after 4 to 16 years of follow-up. Stroke risk associated with more recent assessments of hypokalemia has not been examined. We used data from an on-going, population-based, case-control study of incident stroke at Group Health Cooperative (GHC). Cases were treated hypertensive adults, 30 to 79 years old, who sustained an incident ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke between July 1989 and December 2000. Controls were GHC members without a history of stroke who met same inclusion criteria as cases. Serum potassium (K(+)) levels were collected from GHC laboratory database. Hypokalemia (< or =3.4 mM/L) was defined using the most recent serum K(+) measure in the year before the index date (event date for cases; random date within calendar year of identification for controls). Multivariate logistic regression estimated the relative risk of ischemic and ...

Circulation: Cardiovascular Genetics, 2014

Journal of Womens Health, 2003

The development of congestive heart failure (CHF) in older persons is related to a variety of mec... more The development of congestive heart failure (CHF) in older persons is related to a variety of mechanisms. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) affects several of the pathways that may be important in the development of CHF. We hypothesized that HRT would be associated with a decreased risk of incident CHF. Using Cox proportional-hazards regression, we assessed the risk of incident CHF (n = 304) associated with time-dependent past and current use of HRT compared to never use. The Cardiovascular Health Study is a prospective cohort study of community-dwelling adults aged 65 years and older. This analysis included female participants without a history of CHF at baseline (n = 3223). At baseline, 62% were never users, 26% were past users, and 12% were current users of HRT. Compared with never users, the multivariable relative risk (RR) of CHF was 1.01 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.76,1.34) for past users and 1.34 (0.93,1.94) for current users. Results were similar among most treatment and clinical subgroups, except that the association of current HRT with CHF appeared to depend on body mass index (BMI) or osteoporosis status. The RR was 0.82 (0.43,1.60) for normal weight women, 1.65 (0.95,2.88) for overweight women, and 2.22 (1.06,4.67) for obese women (p = 0.01 for interaction). Similarly, the RR was 0.15 (0.04,0.65) for women with osteoporosis and 1.82 (1.25,2.65) for women without osteoporosis (p = 0.001 for interaction). Overall, HRT was not associated with the risk of incident CHF, although BMI and osteoporosis appeared to modify the association of HRT with CHF. The risk of CHF was lower in patients with lower BMI or osteoporosis.

American Journal of Hypertension, 2005

Background: Although cholesterol is an important risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD) amo... more Background: Although cholesterol is an important risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD) among hypertensives, the burden of CHD among hypertensives that may be due to elevated cholesterol has not been well documented. This study aimed to estimate the proportion of incident myocardial infarction (MI) among hypertensives that may be attributable to elevated total cholesterol, and to investigate how well the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) classification method represents risk of MI among hypertensives.

Journal of the American Heart Association, 2014

Prior studies suggest that circulating fatty acids may influence the risk of atrial fibrillation ... more Prior studies suggest that circulating fatty acids may influence the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF), but little is known about the associations of circulating saturated fatty acids with risk of AF. The study population included 2899 participants from the Cardiovascular Health Study, a community-based longitudinal cohort of adults aged 65 years or older in the United States who were free of prevalent coronary heart disease and AF in 1992. Cox regression was used to assess the association of all the long-chain saturated fatty acids-palmitic acid (16:0), stearic acid (18:0), arachidic acid (20:0), behenic acid (22:0), and lignoceric acid (24:0)-with incident AF. During a median of 11.2 years of follow-up, 707 cases of incident AF occurred. After adjustment for other AF risk factors, higher levels of circulating 16:0 were associated with a higher risk of AF (hazard ratio comparing highest and lowest quartiles: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.18, 1.86). In contrast, higher levels of circulating 18:0, ...

by Rozenn Lemaitre, Hassan Dashti, Paul Jacques, Stefania Lamon-fava, Leena Kovanen, Traci Bartz, Mia-maria Perälä, Loukianos Rallidis, Vera Mikkilä, W. Johnson, and Sina Gharib

The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2015

Short sleep duration has been associated with greater risks of obesity, hypertension, diabetes, a... more Short sleep duration has been associated with greater risks of obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Also, common genetic variants in the human Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput (CLOCK) show associations with ghrelin and total energy intake. We examined associations between habitual sleep duration, body mass index (BMI), and macronutrient intake and assessed whether CLOCK variants modify these associations. We conducted inverse-variance weighted, fixed-effect meta-analyses of results of adjusted associations of sleep duration and BMI and macronutrient intake as percentages of total energy as well as interactions with CLOCK variants from 9 cohort studies including up to 14,906 participants of European descent from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology Consortium. We observed a significant association between sleep duration and lower BMI (β ± SE = 0.16 ± 0.04, P < 0.0001) in the overall sample; however, associations between sl...

Cardiology Research and Practice, 2013

Although fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) may increase risk of diabetes and exert negative ca... more Although fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) may increase risk of diabetes and exert negative cardiac inotropy, it is unknown whether plasma concentrations of FABP4 are associated with incidence of sudden cardiac death (SCD). We prospectively analyzed data on 4,560 participants of the Cardiovascular Health Study. FABP4 was measured at baseline using ELISA, and SCD events were adjudicated through review of medical records. We used Cox proportional hazards to estimate effect measures. During a median followup of 11.8 years, 146 SCD cases occurred. In a multivariable model adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, and metabolic factors, relative risk of SCD associated with each higher standard deviation (SD) of plasma FABP4 was 1.15 (95% CI: 0.95-1.38), = 0.15. In a secondary analysis stratified by prevalent diabetes status, FABP4 was associated with higher risk of SCD in nondiabetic participants, (RR per SD higher FABP4: 1.33 (95% CI: 1.07-1.65), = 0.009) but not in diabetic participants (RR per SD higher FABP4: 0.88 (95% CI: 0.62-1.27), = 0.50), for diabetes-FABP4 interaction 0.049. In summary, a single measure of plasma FABP4 obtained later in life was not associated with the risk of SCD in older adults overall. Confirmation of our post-hoc results in nondiabetic people in other studies is warranted.

Human molecular genetics, Jan 20, 2014

FTO is the strongest known genetic susceptibility locus for obesity. Experimental studies in anim... more FTO is the strongest known genetic susceptibility locus for obesity. Experimental studies in animals suggest the potential roles of FTO in regulating food intake. The interactive relation among FTO variants, dietary intake and body mass index (BMI) is complex and results from previous often small-scale studies in humans are highly inconsistent. We performed large-scale analyses based on data from 177,330 adults (154 439 Whites, 5776 African Americans and 17 115 Asians) from 40 studies to examine: (i) the association between the FTO-rs9939609 variant (or a proxy single-nucleotide polymorphism) and total energy and macronutrient intake and (ii) the interaction between the FTO variant and dietary intake on BMI. The minor allele (A-allele) of the FTO-rs9939609 variant was associated with higher BMI in Whites (effect per allele = 0.34 [0.31, 0.37] kg/m(2), P = 1.9 × 10(-105)), and all participants (0.30 [0.30, 0.35] kg/m(2), P = 3.6 × 10(-107)). The BMI-increasing allele of the FTO varia...

Journal of lipid research, 2015

Very long-chain saturated fatty acids (VLSFAs) are saturated fatty acids with 20 or more carbons.... more Very long-chain saturated fatty acids (VLSFAs) are saturated fatty acids with 20 or more carbons. In contrast to the more abundant saturated fatty acids, such as palmitic acid, there is growing evidence that circulating VLSFAs may have beneficial biological properties. Whether genetic factors influence circulating levels of VLSFAs is not known. We investigated the association of common genetic variation with plasma phospholipid/erythrocyte levels of three VLSFAs by performing genome-wide association studies in seven population-based cohorts comprising 10,129 subjects of European ancestry. We observed associations of circulating VLSFA concentrations with common variants in two genes, serine palmitoyl-transferase long-chain base subunit 3 (SPTLC3), a gene involved in the rate-limiting step of de novo sphingolipid synthesis, and ceramide synthase 4 (CERS4). The SPTLC3 variant at rs680379 was associated with higher arachidic acid (20:0 , P = 5.81 × 10(-13)). The CERS4 variant at rs21009...

Stroke, 2000

Background and Purpose-Despite improved control of blood pressure during the last decades in the ... more Background and Purpose-Despite improved control of blood pressure during the last decades in the United States, a considerable proportion of treated hypertensives have not achieved target blood pressure levels. We estimated the proportion of strokes occurring among treated hypertensive patients that may be attributable to uncontrolled blood pressure. Methods-A population-based case-control study was conducted among treated hypertensive members of Group Health

PLoS Genetics, 2011

Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can derive from diet or from a-linolenic acid ... more Long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can derive from diet or from a-linolenic acid (ALA) by elongation and desaturation. We investigated the association of common genetic variation with plasma phospholipid levels of the four major n-3 PUFAs by performing genome-wide association studies in five population-based cohorts comprising 8,866 subjects of European ancestry. Minor alleles of SNPs in FADS1 and FADS2 (desaturases) were associated with higher levels of ALA (p = 3610 264 ) and lower levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, p = 5610 258 ) and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, p = 4610 2154 ). Minor alleles of SNPs in ELOVL2 (elongase) were associated with higher EPA (p = 2610 212 ) and DPA (p = 1610 243 ) and lower docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, p = 1610 215 ). In addition to genes in the n-3 pathway, we identified a novel association of DPA with several SNPs in GCKR (glucokinase regulator, p = 1610 28 ). We observed a weaker association between ALA and EPA among carriers of the minor allele of a representative SNP in FADS2 (rs1535), suggesting a lower rate of ALA-to-EPA conversion in these subjects. In samples of African, Chinese, and Hispanic ancestry, associations of n-3 PUFAs were similar with a representative SNP in FADS1 but less consistent with a representative SNP in ELOVL2. Our findings show that common variation in n-3 metabolic pathway genes and in GCKR influences plasma phospholipid levels of n-3 PUFAs in populations of European ancestry and, for FADS1, in other ancestries.

Diabetes Care, 2010

OBJECTIVE -Whole-grain foods are touted for multiple health benefits, including enhancing insulin... more OBJECTIVE -Whole-grain foods are touted for multiple health benefits, including enhancing insulin sensitivity and reducing type 2 diabetes risk. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with fasting glucose and insulin concentrations in individuals free of diabetes. We tested the hypothesis that whole-grain food intake and genetic variation interact to influence concentrations of fasting glucose and insulin.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 2004

The American Journal of Cardiology, 2001

Although excess adiposity appears to increase the risk of coronary heart disease in the general p... more Although excess adiposity appears to increase the risk of coronary heart disease in the general population, its importance in patients with established coronary disease is less defined. We evaluated a population-based inception cohort of survivors to hospital discharge following first acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (n ‫؍‬ 2,541) to assess the association between body mass index (BMI) and the risk of recurrent coronary events and to explore the mechanisms for this relation. Using Cox proportional-hazards regression, we assessed the risk of recurrent coronary events associated with levels of adiposity as defined by BMI and then investigated potential mechanisms through which adiposity conferred risk by examining how adjustment for diabetes mellitus, systemic hypertension, and dyslipidemia affected the association. Forty-one percent of the cohort were overweight (BMI 25 to 29.9), and 27.8% were obese (BMI >30). After adjustment for other risk factors, the risk of recurrent coronary events (n ‫؍‬ 418) increased as BMI increased, especially among those who were obese. Using a BMI of 16 to 24.9 as the reference group, for mildly overweight patients (BMI 25 to 27.4), the relative risk (RR) was 0.93 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.70 to 1.24); it was 1.16 for more severe overweight patients (BMI 27.5 to 29.9; 95% CI 0.87 to 1.55). For patients with class I obesity (BMI 30 to 34.9), the RR was 1.49 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.98), and for class II to III obesity (BMI >35), the RR was 1.80 (95% CI 1.30 to 2.48). We estimated that clinical measurements of diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia explained approximately 43% of this risk. Thus, excess adiposity as measured by BMI was associated with an increased risk of recurrent coronary events following AMI, particularly among those who were obese.

Diabetes Care, 2015

The American journal of clinical nutrition, Jan 18, 2015

The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2015

American journal of hypertension, 2003

Circulation: Cardiovascular Genetics, 2014

Journal of Womens Health, 2003

American Journal of Hypertension, 2005

Journal of the American Heart Association, 2014

by Rozenn Lemaitre, Hassan Dashti, Paul Jacques, Stefania Lamon-fava, Leena Kovanen, Traci Bartz, Mia-maria Perälä, Loukianos Rallidis, Vera Mikkilä, W. Johnson, and Sina Gharib

The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2015

Cardiology Research and Practice, 2013

Human molecular genetics, Jan 20, 2014

Journal of lipid research, 2015

Stroke, 2000

PLoS Genetics, 2011

Diabetes Care, 2010

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 2004

The American Journal of Cardiology, 2001