Santi Chismirina - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Santi Chismirina
The treatment of oral candidiasis commonly used antifungal drug synthesis, but it has some effect... more The treatment of oral candidiasis commonly used antifungal drug synthesis, but it has some effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and headache. The leaves of red betel (Piper crocatum) have several compounds which act as antifungals such as alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and flavonoids. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Kill Concentration (MBC) Piper crocatum leaves with a concentration of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% to the growth of Candida albicans. This study is a laboratory experimental which is designed by posttest only control group using the extract of leaves of Piper crocatum. The leaves are extracted by maceration method using 96% of ethanol. The extraction results obtained diluted to be a concentration of 25%, 50%, and 75%. The extract has been tested phytochemical, were tested for antifungal activity using dilution method with Standard Plate Count (SPC) in SDA media. The result of one-way ANOVA analysis showed that the extract of Piper crocatum leaves affected the growth of C. Albicans with p = 0.00 (p<0.05). 25%of the extract concentration can inhibit the growth of C. albicans From the results of this study concluded that the extract of Piper crocatum leaves affected the growth of C. Albicans with MIC at a concentration of 25% and MBC at 100% concentration of the extract of Piper crocatum.
Dental caries is a local infection disease and progressive on tooth. Streptococcus mutans&nb... more Dental caries is a local infection disease and progressive on tooth. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). is one of causal factors of dental caries. Lactid acid that produced by S. mutans cause mineral on teeth become dissolve and this process is known as demineralization. Some studies done to find save material for dental caries therapy such as using natural things like jamblang fruit (Syzygium cumini). Jamblang’s fruit (Syzygium cumini) has a big potential using to prevent dental caries because the pharmacologic effect of it as antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of jamblang’s fruit extract to S. mutans growth. The method used in this study was by exposing S. mutans to 10-100% concentration of jamblang’s fruit extract. Then, colony of S. mutans was counted by using colony counter. The results of this study showed that jamblang’s fruit extract (Syzygium cu...
The main composition of Rosella flower is flavonoid with gosipectin, anthocyanin and glucosid hib... more The main composition of Rosella flower is flavonoid with gosipectin, anthocyanin and glucosid hibiskin as derivate of it. The pharmacologyc effect of these compounds are as anti fungus. The aim of this study was to explore a potential of Rosella calyx extract as anti fungus to Candida albicans. At first step of this study, prepared of Rosella calyx extract by using ethanol 96%, then this extract used for inhibited C. albicans by plate count control method. The result of study showed that the growth of C. albicans in 10% concentration only 16,66 CFU/ml compered to control which 150,00 CFU/ml. Meanwhile, there were not find the growth of C. albicans in 20%-100% concentrations. In conclusion, Rosella calyx extract have a potential to reduce the growth of C. albicans as candidiasis oral agent
ETD Unsyiah, Jan 13, 2014
Kandidiasis oral merupakan suatu infeksi jamur di rongga mulut yang paling sering disebabkan oleh... more Kandidiasis oral merupakan suatu infeksi jamur di rongga mulut yang paling sering disebabkan oleh Candida albicans. Ada beberapa obat antijamur yang dapat digunakan untuk perawatan kandidiasis oral, namun harganya tergolong mahal dan berisiko terjadinya efek samping seperti mual, pusing, lesu, dan terjadinya resistensi obat antijamur. Alternatif lain yang sering digunakan oleh masyarakat untuk mengobati penyakit akibat infeksi mikroorganisme adalah obat-obat yang berasal dari tanaman herbal. Salah satu tanaman herbal yang memiliki khasiat antijamur adalah buah jamblang (Syzygium cumini). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Standart Plate Count (SPC) untuk melihat KHM dan KBM ekstrak buah jamblang terhadap pertumbuhan Candida albicans. Buah jamblang diekstraksi dengan metode sokletasi dan dibuat pengenceran bervariasi yaitu 25, 50, 75, dan 100%. Candida albicans yang telah dikultur pada media SDA dipaparkan dengan ekstrak dan diinkubasi pada suhu 37 °C selama 48 jam. Hasil penelitian menggunakan uji analisis One-Way Anova menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak Syzygium cumini berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan C. albicans. Konsentrasi terkecil terjadinya penurunan pertumbuhan koloni C. albicans adalah pada ekstrak Syzygium cumini dengan konsentrasi 25%, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa nilai KHM terdapat pada konsentrasi 25% dan KBM pada konsentrasi 100%. Kata kunci: Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM), Konsentrasi Bunuh Minimum (KBM), Syzygium cumini, kandidiasis oral, Candida albicans ABSTRACT Oral candidiasis is a fungal infection in the oral cavity that most commonly caused by Candida albicans. There are several antifungal drugs which can be used for the treatment of oral candidiasis, but the price is expensive and risk of side effects such as nausea, headache, lethargic, and antifungal drug resistance. Another alternative frequently used by people to treat infectious diseases microorganisms are drugs derived from herbal plants. One of the herbs that have antifungal used is jamblang fruit (Syzygium cumini). This study uses a Standard Plate Count (SPC) method to see the MIC and MBC jamblang fruit extract on the growth of Candida albicans. Syzygium cumini fruit extracted by the method of soxhlet and dilution varies made up of 25, 50, 75, and 100%. Candida albicans was cultured on media which has been presented to extract natural resources and incubated at 37 °C for 48 hours. The statistic results using the One-Way ANOVA analysis showed that the extract of Syzygium cumini affect the growth of C. albicans. The smallest concentration of the decline in the growth of C. albicans colony is Syzygium cumini extract at concentrations of 25%, so it can be concluded that the MIC values present in concentrations of 25% and MBC at a concentration of 100%.
F1000Research
Background: Mother goats produce immunoglobulin G (IgG) as a specific antibody in serum, which is... more Background: Mother goats produce immunoglobulin G (IgG) as a specific antibody in serum, which is then transferred into milk as natural immunity for their children. Based on this, IgG from goat milk has the potential to replace the role of igg from mammalian blood in preventing caries. The goal of this study was to see if goat milk could be used to produce specific antibodies against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) as a candidate antibody for caries immunotherapy. Methods: In this study, pregnant goats were divided into two groups: control and treatment. The treatment group received an injection of S. mutans and then received the second injection, which was the administration of antigen added Freud adjuvant complete (booster 1) subcutaneously, and the third injection, which was the administration of antigen added Freud adjuvant complete (booster 1), and antigen added Freud adjuvant incomplete (booster 2). Blood serum was analyzed qualitatively using the Agar Gel Precipitation Test ...
Dental caries is the most commonly oral disease and the main bacterial cause of it is Streptococc... more Dental caries is the most commonly oral disease and the main bacterial cause of it is Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). Fluoride, xylitol, betel leaf and siwak are the substances often found in toothpaste. The effect of them inhibits the growth of S. mutans. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of herbal plants such as xylitol, betel leaf and siwak that combined with fluoride in toothpaste on the growth of S. mutans (in vitro). S. mutans laboratory strain was exposed to three toothpastes that contained combination of fluoride and each of herbal plants such as xylitol, siwak, and betel leaf. This study also used non herbal toothpaste as a control. The results of ANOVA test on S. mutans colonies growth in media TYS20B showed that there was significant difference (p<0.05) between the types of herbals contained of fluoride toothpaste in reducing the number of S. mutans colonies. Duncan test showed that combination of fluoride and siwak was significant difference from...
Dentika Dental Journal, Jun 5, 2013
Abstract Dental caries is the most commonly oral disease and the main bacterial cause of it is St... more Abstract Dental caries is the most commonly oral disease and the main bacterial cause of it is Streptococcus mutans ( S. mutans ). Fluoride, xylitol, betel leaf and siwak are the substances often found in toothpaste. The effect of them inhibits the growth of S. mutans . The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of herbal plants such as xylitol, betel leaf and siwak that combined with fluoride in toothpaste on the growth of S. mutans ( in vitro ). S. mutans laboratory strain was exposed to three toothpastes that contained combination of fluoride and each of herbal plants such as xylitol, siwak, and betel leaf. This study also used non herbal toothpaste as a control. The results of ANOVA test on S. mutans colonies growth in media TYS20B showed that there was significant difference ( p <0.05) between the types of herbals contained of fluoride toothpaste in reducing the number of S. mutans colonies. Duncan test showed that combination of fluoride and siwak was significant difference from others. It showed that toothpaste containing fluoride and siwak with the average number of S. muntans colonies of 23.44 CFU/ml, 31 CFU/ml toothpaste containing fluoride and betel leaf. The smallest influence was found in toothpaste that contained fluoride and xylitol with the average number of colonies of S.mutans is 32.67 CFU/ml. It was concluded that combination of fluoride and siwak in toothpaste has a higher effect in decreasing S. mutans colonies growth. This is apparently due to the function of isothiocyanate, flavonoid and tannin in siwak as anti-microbial, besides the existence of fluoride in siwak is also suspected to increase the effectiveness of toothpastes containing fluoride. As conclusion, additional of herbal plants such as xylitol, betel leaf and siwak in toothpaste that contained combination of fluoride increase the effect of toothpaste inhibit S. mutans colonies growth compared to toothpaste that only contained fluoride. Key words : toothpaste, Streptococcus mutans , fluoride, herbal plant
![Research paper thumbnail of [JDS] JOURNAL OF SYIAH KUALA DENTISTRY SOCIETY AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI TEPUNG CACING TANAH (Lumbricus rubellus) TERHADAP Enterococcus faecalis SECARA IN VITRO](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/99973011/thumbnails/1.jpg)
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dentika Dental Journal, May 31, 2013
Abstract Dental caries is a local infection disease and progressive on tooth. Streptococcus mutan... more Abstract Dental caries is a local infection disease and progressive on tooth. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). is one of causal factors of dental caries. Lactid acid that produced by S. mutans cause mineral on teeth become dissolve and this process is known as demineralization. Some studies done to find save material for dental caries therapy such as using natural things like jamblang fruit (Syzygium cumini). Jamblang’s fruit (Syzygium cumini) has a big potential using to prevent dental caries because the pharmacologic effect of it as antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of jamblang’s fruit extract to S. mutans growth. The method used in this study was by exposing S. mutans to 10-100% concentration of jamblang’s fruit extract. Then, colony of S. mutans was counted by using colony counter. The results of this study showed that jamblang’s fruit extract (Syzygium cumini) can reduce the growth of S. mutans colonies. The minimal concentration of it is 50% and the optimal concentration are 80%, 90%, and 100%. Atsiri oil, triterpenoid, phenol like flavonoid and tannin are suspected as main factors that caused inactivation of glucocyltransferase and fructocyltransferase of S. mutans . In conclusion, jamblang’s fruit (Syzygium cumini) has an ability to inhibit the growth of S. mutans colonies. Key words: caries , Streptococcus mutans , jamblang’s fruit extract
Introduction: Chronic periodontitis is the most common form of periodontitis. The major etiology ... more Introduction: Chronic periodontitis is the most common form of periodontitis. The major etiology of periodontitis is Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria, such as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Treponema denticola, Tannarela forsythia and Porphyromonas gingivalis which locally invade periodontal tissues and affect the immune system cells. Neutrophils and macrophage play central role in inflammation. The objective of study was to evaluate the quantity of neutrophil and macrophage due to the application of red ginger (Zingiber officinale var rubrum) extract of rat chronic periodontitis. Methods: The type of this research is experimental laboratoris post test only control group. In order to induce experimental periodontitis, the mandibular insisivus was assigned to receive wire 0.008 inch in marginal gingival. Then, red ginger extract that has bioactive compounds was topically administered to the rats. Result: this study showed there were no neutrophils in histopathologic of rat...
Streptococcus sanguinis bakteri Gram positif menginisiasi adhesi bakteri rongga mulut lainnya den... more Streptococcus sanguinis bakteri Gram positif menginisiasi adhesi bakteri rongga mulut lainnya dengan reseptor adhesin, seperti dengan bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Streptococcus mutans patogen utama terjadinya karies. Pemanfaatan tanaman herbal seperti belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi) untuk mengurangi resiko karies karena tanaman ini memiliki kemampuan antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui interaksi Streptococcus sanguinis dan Streptococcus mutans secara in vitro pada ekstrak belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi). Ekstraksi belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi) dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Kultur S. sanguinis dan S. mutans pada media Trypticase Yeast Cysteine (TYC), interaksi dilakukan pada media cair Nutrient Broth (NB). Uji dilakukan dengan metode Standart Plate Count (SPC) dengan kelompok kontrol akuades. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai rata-rata jumlah koloni kelompok kontrol 33,67 x 103 CFU/ml, kelompok perlakuan 3,67 x 103 CFU/ml. Kesimpulan ...
Aggressive periodontitis is an inflamed condition in periodontium which caused the loss of attach... more Aggressive periodontitis is an inflamed condition in periodontium which caused the loss of attachment and rapidly bone resorptions. The occurance of aggressive periodontitis is correlated to the excessive accumulation of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ( A. actinomycetemcomitans ) on the oral pellicle. Green tea ( Camellia sinensis ) is known as one of the herb drinks which has antibacterial effects. The purpose of this experimental laboratory study was to know antibacterial effect of brewed green tea on the growth of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans as periodontopathogen of aggressive periodontitis. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans which cultured in AaGM medium and incubated in 37 o C in anaerobic condition and examined for its turbidity by spectrophotometric. The effect of brewed green tea on A. actinomycetemcomitans growth was tested by using agar diffusion method. The result of study showed clear zone forming around disc paper of A. actinomycetemcomitans by bre...
Hipersensitivitas dentin terjadi karena terpaparnya dentin akibat terkikisnya email yang disebabk... more Hipersensitivitas dentin terjadi karena terpaparnya dentin akibat terkikisnya email yang disebabkan proses demineralisasi email. Minuman bersoda merupakan salah satu minuman yang dapat menyebabkan demineralisasi email. Remaja merupakan salah satu pengkonsumsi minuman bersoda terbanyak. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat sensitivitas dentin sebelum dan setelah paparan minuman bersoda pada usia remaja berdasarkan metode Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Metode yang digunakan adalah Garis Linier dan Faces Pain Scales. Tahap pertama dari penelitian ini dimulai dengan seleksi subjek yang dilanjutkan pemeriksaan hipersensitivitas dentin sebelum paparan minuman bersoda dan pemeriksaan sensitivitas dentin setelah paparan minuman bersoda. Dari hasil pemeriksaan 39 subjek penelitian, 25 subjek menderita sensitif ringan sebelum dipaparkan minuman bersoda dan 23 subjek penelitian menderita sensitif sedang setelah dipaparkan minuman. Dari hasil uji statistik menunjukan p...
Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) adalah salah satu bakteri Gram positif fakultatif anaerob yan... more Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) adalah salah satu bakteri Gram positif fakultatif anaerob yang termasuk flora normal dalam rongga mulut, namun bakteri ini dapat menjadi patogen dan memiliki peran utama sebagai penyebab lesi periradikuler persisten setelah perawatan saluran akar. Perawatan saluran akar, salah satu tahapannya adalah dengan irigasi. Bawang putih (Allium sativum L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman umbi lapis yang mengandung senyawa-senyawa antimikroba. Penelitian dengan desain eksperimental laboratories ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perasan bawang putih terhadap pertumbuhan E. faecalis. Enterococcus. faecalis yang telah dikultur pada media CHROM agar VRE dan diinkubasi selama 24 jam pada suhu 37˚C dalam suasana anaerob, dilakukan uji konfirmasi dengan pewarnaan Gram dan penentuan kekeruhan bakteri dengan spektrofotometer. Uji pengaruh perasan bawang putih terhadap pertumbuhan E. faecalis dilakukan dengan metode difusi agar pada media MHA. Data hasil pengukura...
Caries is a disease of the oral cavity characterized by tooth decay due to the dissolution of min... more Caries is a disease of the oral cavity characterized by tooth decay due to the dissolution of minerals on the teeth by Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) attached to the teeth surface. One way to prevent the bacteria from decaying the teeth is by gargling with a mouthwash containing antibacterial ingredients from herbs. The results of our previous research on the Syzygium cumini fruit showed that it was one of the natural ingredients with antibacterial compounds against S. mutans. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial effects of the Syzygium cumini fruit which was formulated in the form of mouthwash against S. mutans. Syzygium cumini fruit was made into mouthwash preparations which were then tested for stability, including for the organoleptic and antibacterial tests. The results of the organoleptic test showed that the Syzigium cumini fruit mouthwash with formula 4 was the best choice for the mouthwash formula. Antibacterial test results showed that the Syzigium cumini frui...
Objective of this review is to give an overview about the role of Streptococcus mutans and Strept... more Objective of this review is to give an overview about the role of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus in dental caries pathogenicity. Both of these bacteria known as main agent of dental caries which has been succesfully isolated from patient with caries. We review current data on Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinusbased on open literature search of the topic.The causative agent for caries is called bacteriocaryogenic like mutan streptococci and lactobacilli sp. On reality, Streptoccus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus are the most common caries related species isolated from human oral cavity. These bacteria form biofilm formation on tooth surface which is known as dental plaque. This formation help them to avoid immunity response in oral cavity. Moreover, existence both types of bacteria, because they have special characteristic which are not owned by other cariogenic bacteria that is acidophyllic. In general, dental caries remains a significant health problem worlwide, with a prevalence that is not yet decreasing in the developing countries like Indonesia. Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus are the bacterial species of mutan streptococci.
Saliva berperan untuk menetralkan dan membersihkan asam yang diproduksi oleh bakteri sehingga mem... more Saliva berperan untuk menetralkan dan membersihkan asam yang diproduksi oleh bakteri sehingga memberikan efek remineralisasi enamel gigi. Peningkatan laju aliran saliva menyebabkan terjadinya proses pembersihan sisa makanan di rongga mulut dan mikroorganisme penyebab karies berjalan maksimal. Permen karet yang beredar dipasaran ada yang mengandung gula dan mengandung pemanis xylitol. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbandingan laju aliran saliva sebelum dan sesudah mengunyah permen karet nonxylitol dan xylitol. Penelitian dilakukan selama 2 hari dengan subjek sebanyak 17 anak. Subjek diintruksi untuk mengunyah permen karet nonxylitol selama 5 menit kemudian dilanjutkan dengan mengunyah permen karet xylitol selama 5 menit. Pengumpulan saliva dilakukan dengan metode spitting setiap satu menit selama 5 menit. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji T berpasangan menunjukkan nilai p 0,008, 0,000,0,012< (0,05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahw...
Periodontitis agresif merupakan kelainan jaringan yang progresif pada orang dewasa muda sehat yan... more Periodontitis agresif merupakan kelainan jaringan yang progresif pada orang dewasa muda sehat yang didominasi oleh bakteri Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Perawatan periodontitis agresif dengan penggunaan antibiotik berkepanjangan dapat menyebabkan bakteri A. actinomycetemcomitans menjadi resisten, oleh sebab itu alternatif perawatan dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian tanaman yang mengandung antibakteri, salah satunya daun jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia). Jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia) merupakan obat tradisional yang sering digunakan untuk berbagai macam penyakit dan diketahui memiliki kandungan aktif yang bersifat antibakteri. Zat aktif yang terkandung tersebut alkaloid, polifenol, saponin, flavonoid, kuinon dan steroid. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efek antibakteri ekstrak daun jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia) terhadap pertumbuhan A. actinomycetemcomitans secara in vitro. Penelitian eksperimental laboratoris ini menggunakan sampel A. actinomycetemcomita...
The treatment of oral candidiasis commonly used antifungal drug synthesis, but it has some effect... more The treatment of oral candidiasis commonly used antifungal drug synthesis, but it has some effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and headache. The leaves of red betel ( Piper crocatum ) have several compounds which act as antifungals such as alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and flavonoids. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Kill Concentration (MBC) Piper crocatum leaves with a concentration of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% to the growth of Candida albicans . This study is a laboratory experimental which is designed by posttest only control group using the extract of leaves of Piper crocatum . The leaves are extracted by maceration method using 96% of ethanol. The extraction results obtained diluted to be a concentration of 25%, 50%, and 75%. The extract has been tested phytochemical, were tested for antifungal activity using dilution method with Standard Plate Count (SPC) in SDA media. The result of one-way ANOVA ...
Kandidiasis oral merupakan suatu infeksi jamur di rongga mulut yang paling sering disebabkan oleh... more Kandidiasis oral merupakan suatu infeksi jamur di rongga mulut yang paling sering disebabkan oleh Candida albicans. Ada beberapa obat antijamur yang dapat digunakan untuk perawatan kandidiasis oral, namun harganya tergolong mahal dan berisiko terjadinya efek samping seperti mual, pusing, lesu, dan terjadinya resistensi obat antijamur. Alternatif lain yang sering digunakan oleh masyarakat untuk mengobati penyakit akibat infeksi mikroorganisme adalah obat-obat yang berasal dari tanaman herbal. Salah satu tanaman herbal yang memiliki khasiat antijamur adalah buah jamblang (Syzygium cumini). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Standart Plate Count (SPC) untuk melihat KHM dan KBM ekstrak buah jamblang terhadap pertumbuhan Candida albicans. Buah jamblang diekstraksi dengan metode sokletasi dan dibuat pengenceran bervariasi yaitu 25, 50, 75, dan 100%. Candida albicans yang telah dikultur pada media SDA dipaparkan dengan ekstrak dan diinkubasi pada suhu 37 °C selama 48 jam. Hasil penelitian m...
The treatment of oral candidiasis commonly used antifungal drug synthesis, but it has some effect... more The treatment of oral candidiasis commonly used antifungal drug synthesis, but it has some effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and headache. The leaves of red betel (Piper crocatum) have several compounds which act as antifungals such as alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and flavonoids. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Kill Concentration (MBC) Piper crocatum leaves with a concentration of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% to the growth of Candida albicans. This study is a laboratory experimental which is designed by posttest only control group using the extract of leaves of Piper crocatum. The leaves are extracted by maceration method using 96% of ethanol. The extraction results obtained diluted to be a concentration of 25%, 50%, and 75%. The extract has been tested phytochemical, were tested for antifungal activity using dilution method with Standard Plate Count (SPC) in SDA media. The result of one-way ANOVA analysis showed that the extract of Piper crocatum leaves affected the growth of C. Albicans with p = 0.00 (p<0.05). 25%of the extract concentration can inhibit the growth of C. albicans From the results of this study concluded that the extract of Piper crocatum leaves affected the growth of C. Albicans with MIC at a concentration of 25% and MBC at 100% concentration of the extract of Piper crocatum.
Dental caries is a local infection disease and progressive on tooth. Streptococcus mutans&nb... more Dental caries is a local infection disease and progressive on tooth. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). is one of causal factors of dental caries. Lactid acid that produced by S. mutans cause mineral on teeth become dissolve and this process is known as demineralization. Some studies done to find save material for dental caries therapy such as using natural things like jamblang fruit (Syzygium cumini). Jamblang’s fruit (Syzygium cumini) has a big potential using to prevent dental caries because the pharmacologic effect of it as antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of jamblang’s fruit extract to S. mutans growth. The method used in this study was by exposing S. mutans to 10-100% concentration of jamblang’s fruit extract. Then, colony of S. mutans was counted by using colony counter. The results of this study showed that jamblang’s fruit extract (Syzygium cu...
The main composition of Rosella flower is flavonoid with gosipectin, anthocyanin and glucosid hib... more The main composition of Rosella flower is flavonoid with gosipectin, anthocyanin and glucosid hibiskin as derivate of it. The pharmacologyc effect of these compounds are as anti fungus. The aim of this study was to explore a potential of Rosella calyx extract as anti fungus to Candida albicans. At first step of this study, prepared of Rosella calyx extract by using ethanol 96%, then this extract used for inhibited C. albicans by plate count control method. The result of study showed that the growth of C. albicans in 10% concentration only 16,66 CFU/ml compered to control which 150,00 CFU/ml. Meanwhile, there were not find the growth of C. albicans in 20%-100% concentrations. In conclusion, Rosella calyx extract have a potential to reduce the growth of C. albicans as candidiasis oral agent
ETD Unsyiah, Jan 13, 2014
Kandidiasis oral merupakan suatu infeksi jamur di rongga mulut yang paling sering disebabkan oleh... more Kandidiasis oral merupakan suatu infeksi jamur di rongga mulut yang paling sering disebabkan oleh Candida albicans. Ada beberapa obat antijamur yang dapat digunakan untuk perawatan kandidiasis oral, namun harganya tergolong mahal dan berisiko terjadinya efek samping seperti mual, pusing, lesu, dan terjadinya resistensi obat antijamur. Alternatif lain yang sering digunakan oleh masyarakat untuk mengobati penyakit akibat infeksi mikroorganisme adalah obat-obat yang berasal dari tanaman herbal. Salah satu tanaman herbal yang memiliki khasiat antijamur adalah buah jamblang (Syzygium cumini). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Standart Plate Count (SPC) untuk melihat KHM dan KBM ekstrak buah jamblang terhadap pertumbuhan Candida albicans. Buah jamblang diekstraksi dengan metode sokletasi dan dibuat pengenceran bervariasi yaitu 25, 50, 75, dan 100%. Candida albicans yang telah dikultur pada media SDA dipaparkan dengan ekstrak dan diinkubasi pada suhu 37 °C selama 48 jam. Hasil penelitian menggunakan uji analisis One-Way Anova menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak Syzygium cumini berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan C. albicans. Konsentrasi terkecil terjadinya penurunan pertumbuhan koloni C. albicans adalah pada ekstrak Syzygium cumini dengan konsentrasi 25%, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa nilai KHM terdapat pada konsentrasi 25% dan KBM pada konsentrasi 100%. Kata kunci: Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM), Konsentrasi Bunuh Minimum (KBM), Syzygium cumini, kandidiasis oral, Candida albicans ABSTRACT Oral candidiasis is a fungal infection in the oral cavity that most commonly caused by Candida albicans. There are several antifungal drugs which can be used for the treatment of oral candidiasis, but the price is expensive and risk of side effects such as nausea, headache, lethargic, and antifungal drug resistance. Another alternative frequently used by people to treat infectious diseases microorganisms are drugs derived from herbal plants. One of the herbs that have antifungal used is jamblang fruit (Syzygium cumini). This study uses a Standard Plate Count (SPC) method to see the MIC and MBC jamblang fruit extract on the growth of Candida albicans. Syzygium cumini fruit extracted by the method of soxhlet and dilution varies made up of 25, 50, 75, and 100%. Candida albicans was cultured on media which has been presented to extract natural resources and incubated at 37 °C for 48 hours. The statistic results using the One-Way ANOVA analysis showed that the extract of Syzygium cumini affect the growth of C. albicans. The smallest concentration of the decline in the growth of C. albicans colony is Syzygium cumini extract at concentrations of 25%, so it can be concluded that the MIC values present in concentrations of 25% and MBC at a concentration of 100%.
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Background: Mother goats produce immunoglobulin G (IgG) as a specific antibody in serum, which is... more Background: Mother goats produce immunoglobulin G (IgG) as a specific antibody in serum, which is then transferred into milk as natural immunity for their children. Based on this, IgG from goat milk has the potential to replace the role of igg from mammalian blood in preventing caries. The goal of this study was to see if goat milk could be used to produce specific antibodies against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) as a candidate antibody for caries immunotherapy. Methods: In this study, pregnant goats were divided into two groups: control and treatment. The treatment group received an injection of S. mutans and then received the second injection, which was the administration of antigen added Freud adjuvant complete (booster 1) subcutaneously, and the third injection, which was the administration of antigen added Freud adjuvant complete (booster 1), and antigen added Freud adjuvant incomplete (booster 2). Blood serum was analyzed qualitatively using the Agar Gel Precipitation Test ...
Dental caries is the most commonly oral disease and the main bacterial cause of it is Streptococc... more Dental caries is the most commonly oral disease and the main bacterial cause of it is Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). Fluoride, xylitol, betel leaf and siwak are the substances often found in toothpaste. The effect of them inhibits the growth of S. mutans. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of herbal plants such as xylitol, betel leaf and siwak that combined with fluoride in toothpaste on the growth of S. mutans (in vitro). S. mutans laboratory strain was exposed to three toothpastes that contained combination of fluoride and each of herbal plants such as xylitol, siwak, and betel leaf. This study also used non herbal toothpaste as a control. The results of ANOVA test on S. mutans colonies growth in media TYS20B showed that there was significant difference (p<0.05) between the types of herbals contained of fluoride toothpaste in reducing the number of S. mutans colonies. Duncan test showed that combination of fluoride and siwak was significant difference from...
Dentika Dental Journal, Jun 5, 2013
Abstract Dental caries is the most commonly oral disease and the main bacterial cause of it is St... more Abstract Dental caries is the most commonly oral disease and the main bacterial cause of it is Streptococcus mutans ( S. mutans ). Fluoride, xylitol, betel leaf and siwak are the substances often found in toothpaste. The effect of them inhibits the growth of S. mutans . The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of herbal plants such as xylitol, betel leaf and siwak that combined with fluoride in toothpaste on the growth of S. mutans ( in vitro ). S. mutans laboratory strain was exposed to three toothpastes that contained combination of fluoride and each of herbal plants such as xylitol, siwak, and betel leaf. This study also used non herbal toothpaste as a control. The results of ANOVA test on S. mutans colonies growth in media TYS20B showed that there was significant difference ( p <0.05) between the types of herbals contained of fluoride toothpaste in reducing the number of S. mutans colonies. Duncan test showed that combination of fluoride and siwak was significant difference from others. It showed that toothpaste containing fluoride and siwak with the average number of S. muntans colonies of 23.44 CFU/ml, 31 CFU/ml toothpaste containing fluoride and betel leaf. The smallest influence was found in toothpaste that contained fluoride and xylitol with the average number of colonies of S.mutans is 32.67 CFU/ml. It was concluded that combination of fluoride and siwak in toothpaste has a higher effect in decreasing S. mutans colonies growth. This is apparently due to the function of isothiocyanate, flavonoid and tannin in siwak as anti-microbial, besides the existence of fluoride in siwak is also suspected to increase the effectiveness of toothpastes containing fluoride. As conclusion, additional of herbal plants such as xylitol, betel leaf and siwak in toothpaste that contained combination of fluoride increase the effect of toothpaste inhibit S. mutans colonies growth compared to toothpaste that only contained fluoride. Key words : toothpaste, Streptococcus mutans , fluoride, herbal plant
dentika Dental Journal, May 31, 2013
Abstract Dental caries is a local infection disease and progressive on tooth. Streptococcus mutan... more Abstract Dental caries is a local infection disease and progressive on tooth. Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). is one of causal factors of dental caries. Lactid acid that produced by S. mutans cause mineral on teeth become dissolve and this process is known as demineralization. Some studies done to find save material for dental caries therapy such as using natural things like jamblang fruit (Syzygium cumini). Jamblang’s fruit (Syzygium cumini) has a big potential using to prevent dental caries because the pharmacologic effect of it as antibacterial. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of jamblang’s fruit extract to S. mutans growth. The method used in this study was by exposing S. mutans to 10-100% concentration of jamblang’s fruit extract. Then, colony of S. mutans was counted by using colony counter. The results of this study showed that jamblang’s fruit extract (Syzygium cumini) can reduce the growth of S. mutans colonies. The minimal concentration of it is 50% and the optimal concentration are 80%, 90%, and 100%. Atsiri oil, triterpenoid, phenol like flavonoid and tannin are suspected as main factors that caused inactivation of glucocyltransferase and fructocyltransferase of S. mutans . In conclusion, jamblang’s fruit (Syzygium cumini) has an ability to inhibit the growth of S. mutans colonies. Key words: caries , Streptococcus mutans , jamblang’s fruit extract
Introduction: Chronic periodontitis is the most common form of periodontitis. The major etiology ... more Introduction: Chronic periodontitis is the most common form of periodontitis. The major etiology of periodontitis is Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria, such as Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Treponema denticola, Tannarela forsythia and Porphyromonas gingivalis which locally invade periodontal tissues and affect the immune system cells. Neutrophils and macrophage play central role in inflammation. The objective of study was to evaluate the quantity of neutrophil and macrophage due to the application of red ginger (Zingiber officinale var rubrum) extract of rat chronic periodontitis. Methods: The type of this research is experimental laboratoris post test only control group. In order to induce experimental periodontitis, the mandibular insisivus was assigned to receive wire 0.008 inch in marginal gingival. Then, red ginger extract that has bioactive compounds was topically administered to the rats. Result: this study showed there were no neutrophils in histopathologic of rat...
Streptococcus sanguinis bakteri Gram positif menginisiasi adhesi bakteri rongga mulut lainnya den... more Streptococcus sanguinis bakteri Gram positif menginisiasi adhesi bakteri rongga mulut lainnya dengan reseptor adhesin, seperti dengan bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Streptococcus mutans patogen utama terjadinya karies. Pemanfaatan tanaman herbal seperti belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi) untuk mengurangi resiko karies karena tanaman ini memiliki kemampuan antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui interaksi Streptococcus sanguinis dan Streptococcus mutans secara in vitro pada ekstrak belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi). Ekstraksi belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi) dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Kultur S. sanguinis dan S. mutans pada media Trypticase Yeast Cysteine (TYC), interaksi dilakukan pada media cair Nutrient Broth (NB). Uji dilakukan dengan metode Standart Plate Count (SPC) dengan kelompok kontrol akuades. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai rata-rata jumlah koloni kelompok kontrol 33,67 x 103 CFU/ml, kelompok perlakuan 3,67 x 103 CFU/ml. Kesimpulan ...
Aggressive periodontitis is an inflamed condition in periodontium which caused the loss of attach... more Aggressive periodontitis is an inflamed condition in periodontium which caused the loss of attachment and rapidly bone resorptions. The occurance of aggressive periodontitis is correlated to the excessive accumulation of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ( A. actinomycetemcomitans ) on the oral pellicle. Green tea ( Camellia sinensis ) is known as one of the herb drinks which has antibacterial effects. The purpose of this experimental laboratory study was to know antibacterial effect of brewed green tea on the growth of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans as periodontopathogen of aggressive periodontitis. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans which cultured in AaGM medium and incubated in 37 o C in anaerobic condition and examined for its turbidity by spectrophotometric. The effect of brewed green tea on A. actinomycetemcomitans growth was tested by using agar diffusion method. The result of study showed clear zone forming around disc paper of A. actinomycetemcomitans by bre...
Hipersensitivitas dentin terjadi karena terpaparnya dentin akibat terkikisnya email yang disebabk... more Hipersensitivitas dentin terjadi karena terpaparnya dentin akibat terkikisnya email yang disebabkan proses demineralisasi email. Minuman bersoda merupakan salah satu minuman yang dapat menyebabkan demineralisasi email. Remaja merupakan salah satu pengkonsumsi minuman bersoda terbanyak. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat sensitivitas dentin sebelum dan setelah paparan minuman bersoda pada usia remaja berdasarkan metode Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Metode yang digunakan adalah Garis Linier dan Faces Pain Scales. Tahap pertama dari penelitian ini dimulai dengan seleksi subjek yang dilanjutkan pemeriksaan hipersensitivitas dentin sebelum paparan minuman bersoda dan pemeriksaan sensitivitas dentin setelah paparan minuman bersoda. Dari hasil pemeriksaan 39 subjek penelitian, 25 subjek menderita sensitif ringan sebelum dipaparkan minuman bersoda dan 23 subjek penelitian menderita sensitif sedang setelah dipaparkan minuman. Dari hasil uji statistik menunjukan p...
Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) adalah salah satu bakteri Gram positif fakultatif anaerob yan... more Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) adalah salah satu bakteri Gram positif fakultatif anaerob yang termasuk flora normal dalam rongga mulut, namun bakteri ini dapat menjadi patogen dan memiliki peran utama sebagai penyebab lesi periradikuler persisten setelah perawatan saluran akar. Perawatan saluran akar, salah satu tahapannya adalah dengan irigasi. Bawang putih (Allium sativum L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman umbi lapis yang mengandung senyawa-senyawa antimikroba. Penelitian dengan desain eksperimental laboratories ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perasan bawang putih terhadap pertumbuhan E. faecalis. Enterococcus. faecalis yang telah dikultur pada media CHROM agar VRE dan diinkubasi selama 24 jam pada suhu 37˚C dalam suasana anaerob, dilakukan uji konfirmasi dengan pewarnaan Gram dan penentuan kekeruhan bakteri dengan spektrofotometer. Uji pengaruh perasan bawang putih terhadap pertumbuhan E. faecalis dilakukan dengan metode difusi agar pada media MHA. Data hasil pengukura...
Caries is a disease of the oral cavity characterized by tooth decay due to the dissolution of min... more Caries is a disease of the oral cavity characterized by tooth decay due to the dissolution of minerals on the teeth by Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) attached to the teeth surface. One way to prevent the bacteria from decaying the teeth is by gargling with a mouthwash containing antibacterial ingredients from herbs. The results of our previous research on the Syzygium cumini fruit showed that it was one of the natural ingredients with antibacterial compounds against S. mutans. This study aimed to determine the antibacterial effects of the Syzygium cumini fruit which was formulated in the form of mouthwash against S. mutans. Syzygium cumini fruit was made into mouthwash preparations which were then tested for stability, including for the organoleptic and antibacterial tests. The results of the organoleptic test showed that the Syzigium cumini fruit mouthwash with formula 4 was the best choice for the mouthwash formula. Antibacterial test results showed that the Syzigium cumini frui...
Objective of this review is to give an overview about the role of Streptococcus mutans and Strept... more Objective of this review is to give an overview about the role of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus in dental caries pathogenicity. Both of these bacteria known as main agent of dental caries which has been succesfully isolated from patient with caries. We review current data on Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinusbased on open literature search of the topic.The causative agent for caries is called bacteriocaryogenic like mutan streptococci and lactobacilli sp. On reality, Streptoccus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus are the most common caries related species isolated from human oral cavity. These bacteria form biofilm formation on tooth surface which is known as dental plaque. This formation help them to avoid immunity response in oral cavity. Moreover, existence both types of bacteria, because they have special characteristic which are not owned by other cariogenic bacteria that is acidophyllic. In general, dental caries remains a significant health problem worlwide, with a prevalence that is not yet decreasing in the developing countries like Indonesia. Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus are the bacterial species of mutan streptococci.
Saliva berperan untuk menetralkan dan membersihkan asam yang diproduksi oleh bakteri sehingga mem... more Saliva berperan untuk menetralkan dan membersihkan asam yang diproduksi oleh bakteri sehingga memberikan efek remineralisasi enamel gigi. Peningkatan laju aliran saliva menyebabkan terjadinya proses pembersihan sisa makanan di rongga mulut dan mikroorganisme penyebab karies berjalan maksimal. Permen karet yang beredar dipasaran ada yang mengandung gula dan mengandung pemanis xylitol. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbandingan laju aliran saliva sebelum dan sesudah mengunyah permen karet nonxylitol dan xylitol. Penelitian dilakukan selama 2 hari dengan subjek sebanyak 17 anak. Subjek diintruksi untuk mengunyah permen karet nonxylitol selama 5 menit kemudian dilanjutkan dengan mengunyah permen karet xylitol selama 5 menit. Pengumpulan saliva dilakukan dengan metode spitting setiap satu menit selama 5 menit. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji T berpasangan menunjukkan nilai p 0,008, 0,000,0,012< (0,05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahw...
Periodontitis agresif merupakan kelainan jaringan yang progresif pada orang dewasa muda sehat yan... more Periodontitis agresif merupakan kelainan jaringan yang progresif pada orang dewasa muda sehat yang didominasi oleh bakteri Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Perawatan periodontitis agresif dengan penggunaan antibiotik berkepanjangan dapat menyebabkan bakteri A. actinomycetemcomitans menjadi resisten, oleh sebab itu alternatif perawatan dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian tanaman yang mengandung antibakteri, salah satunya daun jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia). Jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia) merupakan obat tradisional yang sering digunakan untuk berbagai macam penyakit dan diketahui memiliki kandungan aktif yang bersifat antibakteri. Zat aktif yang terkandung tersebut alkaloid, polifenol, saponin, flavonoid, kuinon dan steroid. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efek antibakteri ekstrak daun jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia) terhadap pertumbuhan A. actinomycetemcomitans secara in vitro. Penelitian eksperimental laboratoris ini menggunakan sampel A. actinomycetemcomita...
The treatment of oral candidiasis commonly used antifungal drug synthesis, but it has some effect... more The treatment of oral candidiasis commonly used antifungal drug synthesis, but it has some effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and headache. The leaves of red betel ( Piper crocatum ) have several compounds which act as antifungals such as alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and flavonoids. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Kill Concentration (MBC) Piper crocatum leaves with a concentration of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% to the growth of Candida albicans . This study is a laboratory experimental which is designed by posttest only control group using the extract of leaves of Piper crocatum . The leaves are extracted by maceration method using 96% of ethanol. The extraction results obtained diluted to be a concentration of 25%, 50%, and 75%. The extract has been tested phytochemical, were tested for antifungal activity using dilution method with Standard Plate Count (SPC) in SDA media. The result of one-way ANOVA ...
Kandidiasis oral merupakan suatu infeksi jamur di rongga mulut yang paling sering disebabkan oleh... more Kandidiasis oral merupakan suatu infeksi jamur di rongga mulut yang paling sering disebabkan oleh Candida albicans. Ada beberapa obat antijamur yang dapat digunakan untuk perawatan kandidiasis oral, namun harganya tergolong mahal dan berisiko terjadinya efek samping seperti mual, pusing, lesu, dan terjadinya resistensi obat antijamur. Alternatif lain yang sering digunakan oleh masyarakat untuk mengobati penyakit akibat infeksi mikroorganisme adalah obat-obat yang berasal dari tanaman herbal. Salah satu tanaman herbal yang memiliki khasiat antijamur adalah buah jamblang (Syzygium cumini). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Standart Plate Count (SPC) untuk melihat KHM dan KBM ekstrak buah jamblang terhadap pertumbuhan Candida albicans. Buah jamblang diekstraksi dengan metode sokletasi dan dibuat pengenceran bervariasi yaitu 25, 50, 75, dan 100%. Candida albicans yang telah dikultur pada media SDA dipaparkan dengan ekstrak dan diinkubasi pada suhu 37 °C selama 48 jam. Hasil penelitian m...