Sarala Shrestha - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Sarala Shrestha
Nursing Forum, Dec 27, 2023
Journal of Karnali Academy of Health Sciences, Aug 30, 2023
PubMed, Sep 7, 2023
Background: Childbirth is a most welcomed and positive life experience for the majority of women,... more Background: Childbirth is a most welcomed and positive life experience for the majority of women, despite the pain. Most of them manage it well with minimal assistance while few of them require some intervention to reduce the pain. The objective of this study was to find out the effect of music therapy on intensity of labor pain among primigravid women. Methods: A quasi-experimental pre-test post-test non-equivalent control group design was used. Sample consisted of 42 primigravid women admitted in labor room of a teaching hospital in Kathmandu. The intensity of labor pain was measured using Visual Analogue Scale and Behavior Rating Scale in latent and active phase of labor in both experimental and control groups. Then 30 minutes of music therapy was provided to the experimental group in the latent and active phase of labor. The post-test was carried out in both groups after the music therapy to experimental group during the latent and active phase using the same instruments. The collected data was entered in Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 16. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used to describe the findings. Findings: The mean difference of total pain between experimental and control groups during latent phase was 1.9 (t=2.31, p=0.023) in pre-test and 6.57 (t=3.91, p=0.000) in post-test. The mean difference of total pain between experimental and control groups during active phase was 1.00 (t=1.08, p=0.286) during pre-test and 6.95(t=3.744, p=0.001) during post-test. Conclusions: Music therapy tends to reduce labor pain both during the latent and active phase of labor.
Deleted Journal, Dec 1, 2022
Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society
Introduction: The quality care is an essential aspect of hospital service in improving health out... more Introduction: The quality care is an essential aspect of hospital service in improving health outcomes. Quality of children’s care can be assessed by measuring the parental satisfaction. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. Non-probability purposive sampling was used to select 167 parents of children who were admitted in Kanti Children Hospital. Data were collected by interviewing either the father or mother as roomed-in by using the Pediatric family satisfaction questionnaire (PFSQ) containing three domains as modified to suit to local context. Data were entered, cleaned and analyzed in statistical package for the social sciences SPSS version 22. Chi-square test and Spearman rank correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. Results: Findings revealed that the overall satisfaction among majority (59.9%) of the respondents was low. However, domain wise, almost all (94.6%) respondents were satisfied in medical care followed by 89.2% in nursing care and low...
Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital
Introduction: Antenatal care is one of the pillars of a safe motherhood programme in improving ma... more Introduction: Antenatal care is one of the pillars of a safe motherhood programme in improving maternal and child health. Women’s autonomy is seen as an important factor in utilization of maternal health services. Therefore, the objective of study was to find the level of autonomy and utilization of antenatal services among the women of reproductive age group. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. A total of 151 women of reproductive age group having at least one child in the age group of less than one year were selected using non probability purposive sampling technique from four randomly selected wards of Godawari Municipality. A validated and pretested Nepali version interview schedule was used to collect data from the respondents through door-to-door visit. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and inferential statistics i.e. Fisher’s exact test was used to analyze data. Results: The study findings revealed that th...
International journal of adolescent medicine and health, Apr 1, 2002
Early child bearing is a widely observed phenomenon in Nepal. However, little information is avai... more Early child bearing is a widely observed phenomenon in Nepal. However, little information is available in regard to its contributing factors. This retrospective exploratory study was carried out to determine factors contributing to adolescent pregnancy in rural Nepal. Cluster sampling technique was used to select the study settings. The findings on variables contributing to pregnancy from the sample of 575 mothers, who had their first pregnancy at an age below 19 years, were compared with the findings from an equal number of mothers who had their first pregnancy at the age of 20 years or above. The adolescent mothers were married at a comparatively younger age with a mean age of 15.9 years. Parents or elders, with/without the girl's consent, decided the majority of adolescent marriages. The age at marriage exposed women to early pregnancy regardless of who decided the marriage. Comparatively, most adolescent mothers were from a low social class, engaged in agricultural work, and they had low literacy rate. Majorities of the mothers from both groups had no prior knowledge about conception until they conceived. Peers were the main source of information regarding conception. Although the majority of the respondents knew at least one method of contraception, less than 1% had used it before their first pregnancy. To conclude, early pregnancy had put the adolescent mothers at the risk of unwanted pregnancy and obstetric complications. Women empowerment through compulsory girls' education would be the most effective strategy to prepare them for late marriage, planned and delayed pregnancy, and better motherhood.
Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital
Introduction: COVID-19 is an infectious disease which predominantly affects the lungs but it can ... more Introduction: COVID-19 is an infectious disease which predominantly affects the lungs but it can also affect other organs such as gastro-intestinal system, brain, heart etc. The substantial proportion of infected people experience mild to moderate symptoms and recover with no after-effects. Some people with COVID- 19 can experience long term health problems, known as post-COVID health problems. These are inflammatory or host response towards virus that occurs after four weeks of initial infection and beyond. The aim of this study was to find out the post COVID health problems faced by COVID-19 infected healthcare professionals of a tertiary level hospital. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out among healthcare professionals recovered from COVID-19 infection who were selected by using non -probability purposive sampling technique. A semi-structured self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. The collected data were analyzed by using descr...
Nepal Journal of Multidisciplinary Research
Domestic violence is the most prevalent pregnancy-related health issue in developing county. The ... more Domestic violence is the most prevalent pregnancy-related health issue in developing county. The health of both mother and child is seriously jeopardized. This research was to assess the incidence of psychological, physical, economical and sexual violence during pregnancy among postnatal mothers at Dhulikhel Hospital - Kathmandu University's Hospital. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 804 postnatal women. The respondents were chosen using a systematic random sampling strategy. Findings of the study revealed that the majority of respondents stated that they had little experienced psychological violence such as meeting restrictions, work obstruction, unjustified blaming, or threats during pregnant. The minority of responders indicate they have sometimes been slapped, pushed, yanked hair, burnt, attacked, or strangled by a family member while pregnant. Very few Respondents state that they have experienced sexual violence, such as being pushed or coerced to have ...
Journal of Nepal Health Research Council, Mar 1, 2022
Journal of Nepal Health Research Council, Jun 2, 2022
International Journal of Nursing Research and Practice (IJNRP), 2017
Introduction: The number of intensive care units and people in them is growing and intensive care... more Introduction: The number of intensive care units and people in them is growing and intensive care unit delirium is increasing as a problem. It is a common acute organic brain dysfunction characterized by disturbance of consciousness and cognition. It is preventable and potentially reversible condition commonly seen in critically ill patients.
Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society, Nov 27, 2022
Introduction: Parental satisfaction is one of the indicators of quality care. An understanding of... more Introduction: Parental satisfaction is one of the indicators of quality care. An understanding of the satisfying areas would help to identify and prioritize care and support areas for infants and parents. Therefore, this study was conducted to find out the parental satisfaction with care and support in neonatal care units (NCUs). Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in NCUs of five selected public hospitals. The study was conducted among 305 parents of preterm infants (PTIs). After obtaining ethical approval, in-person interviews were conducted with parents using a satisfaction questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Results: Parents were moderately satisfied with care and support with a median score and interquartile range of 3.4 (3.1-3.8). They were highly satisfied with the infant care and least satisfied with the attachment and care guidance support with median scores of 4.0 (3.5-4.0) and 3.1 (2.6-3.8) respectively. Parental satisfaction was significantly associated with parental age, gestational age at birth, and birth weight (P value < 0.05). Conclusions: Parents are moderately satisfied with the care and support received in the NCUs. Their satisfaction is lower with the support for attachment and care guidance. In addition to competent and affectionate care to PTIs, parental support for attachment, guidance, and involvement in care need to be considered by NCU personnel.
Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital
Introduction: Bullying is common type of school violence and is a major source of maladjustment w... more Introduction: Bullying is common type of school violence and is a major source of maladjustment with undue effect on health and academic performance among adolescents. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of bullying victimization among adolescent students and its association with socio-demographic, family and school characteristics. Methods: It was descriptive survey carried out among 568 adolescents studying in Grade 7 to 11 of 10 public and 10 private schools of Kathmandu municipality selected through multi-stage stratified cluster sampling technique. Nepali version of modified revised Olweus Bully Victim Questionnaire (OBVQ) was used for data collection through Google Survey Tool after taking informed consent. Results: Prevalence of bullying victimization was 20.4% among 568 respondents. In regards types of bullying, prevalence of verbal bullying was 75.8%, relational bullying was 57.7%, physical bullying was 23.2% and cyber bullying was 23.2%. Male respondents were more ...
Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital
Introduction: Sleep is an important factor in maintaining health and wellbeing of an individual. ... more Introduction: Sleep is an important factor in maintaining health and wellbeing of an individual. Various factors can lead to poor sleep quality in a patient during hospitalization. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of sleep deprivation and its associated factors among the hospitalized patients. Methods: This study was done using descriptive survey design. A total of 65 hospitalized patients were selected for the study using non-probability purposive sampling technique. Informed written consent was taken from each respondent beforehand. Data was collected by interviewing the patients meeting the criteria with pretested semi-structured interview schedule at their bedside by maintaining privacy through bedside curtains. Collected data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics i.e., chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test. Results: Almost all (98.8%) of respondents had sleep deprivation on the first night of hospitalization...
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2021
Background: Welding is a hazardous occupation where welders expose to a variety of work-related h... more Background: Welding is a hazardous occupation where welders expose to a variety of work-related hazards. These hazards might cause occupational health problems. Safe working environment and utilization of personal protective equipment (PPE) play a vital role in preventing problems and promoting their health, safety and wellbeing. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the prevalence of occupational health problems, workplace environment and utilization of personal protective equipment among welders. Methodology: A descriptive cross- sectional study design was used. Data was collected from 130 welders of 35 metal workshops in Banepa Municipality using semi-structured interview schedule in 2019. An observational checklist was used to collect information on the workplace environment of selected metal workshops. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 20 and described by using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Results: The most prevalent problems experienced by welders ...
Journal of health, population, and nutrition, 2002
The purpose of the study was to enhance contraceptive acceptance among currently-married women of... more The purpose of the study was to enhance contraceptive acceptance among currently-married women of reproductive age (CMWRA) through empowerment training of female community health volunteers (FCHVs). Seventeen FCHVs, who were working in Kakani Village Development Committee in the hills of central Nepal, attended an empowerment training that used participatory action research and reinforcement mechanisms. Following the training, the FCHVs were expected to empower the CMWRA to increase their contraceptive use. The impact of the intervention was assessed in a sample of 241 CMWRA, who were neither pregnant nor using contraceptives at the time of selection, by interviewing them before and six months after the intervention. The implementation of the intervention significantly increased the proportion of CMWRA knowing at least one contraceptive method (chi2(ldr)=71 .7, p=0.001). The use of modern contraceptives among the CMWRA from none before the intervention increased to 52.3% six months ...
International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 2015
Introduction: As nursing is ethically grounded profession guided by moral principles, ethical pro... more Introduction: As nursing is ethically grounded profession guided by moral principles, ethical problems are also an integral part of the nursing work situation. Therefore, this study was undertaken to explore nurses’ lived experience of ethical problem in clinical practice. Methodology: Nurses’ experience of ethical problem was explored qualitatively by using a phenomenological hermeneutic approach. Four nurses, involved in patient care for more than five years and working in a teaching hospital of Nepal were selected purposively. After receiving ethical approval, in-depth interview was conducted in Nepali language using a semi-structured interview guide. The interview was audio taped with written permission of the participants. The recordings were downloaded to a password protected personal computer and transcribed verbatim by the Investigator. After transcription, data was analyzed thematically. Results: The four main themes of ethical problems experienced by the nurses were: Negli...
Education for Health: Change in Learning & Practice, 2003
Context: The existing top-down approach of the training is not appropriate to empower the communi... more Context: The existing top-down approach of the training is not appropriate to empower the community health volunteers to produce a sustainable change in their performance. Objective: To propose a conceptual model that relies on Freire's theory of empowerment education and the participatory action research methodology to empower the female community health volunteers (FCHVs) to increase their consciousness, competence and confidence in performing their job responsibilities. Method: The model explains the empowerment phenomenon as a process and outcome. As a process it occurs in the form of repeated reinforcement cycles with alternating activities of action and reflection and includes developing awareness, skills and confidence among FCHVs through small group activities. As an outcome, it results in the change in FCHVs' performance in increasing contraceptive acceptance among the rural women of reproductive age group. Conclusion: It is hoped that empowerment of FCHVs will bring sustainable change in their performance and will consequently produce notable improvement in the health of women and children in particular and in the community in general.
Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 2001
Objective: Few studies have examined the use of alternative therapies .among adolescents. This st... more Objective: Few studies have examined the use of alternative therapies .among adolescents. This study examines the predictors of Native Hawaiian healer preference in the treatment of physical or emotional problems as well as the predictors of healer use. Design: This study is a longitudinal cross-sectional design. Setting: The survey was conducted in five high schools in Hawai'i. Participants: 1,322 high school students selected preference for and/or use of allopathic or alternative practitioners. Main outcome measures: Grade level, gender, ethnicity and cultural identity were used to predict healer preference. Healer preference, socioeconomic status and health status were used to predict healer use. Results: Identification with the Hawaiian culture was the strongest predictor of healer preference for both Hawaiian and non-Hawaiian adolescents. Mental health was also predictive of healer preference for non-Hawaiians. Healer use by Native Hawaiian adolescents was also predicted by Hawaiian cultural identity. Gender, grade level, and socioeconomic variables were not predictive of healer preference or use. Conclusion: Cultural identity plays a significant role in the preference and use of alternative practitioners, especially for minority adolescent populations.
Nursing Forum, Dec 27, 2023
Journal of Karnali Academy of Health Sciences, Aug 30, 2023
PubMed, Sep 7, 2023
Background: Childbirth is a most welcomed and positive life experience for the majority of women,... more Background: Childbirth is a most welcomed and positive life experience for the majority of women, despite the pain. Most of them manage it well with minimal assistance while few of them require some intervention to reduce the pain. The objective of this study was to find out the effect of music therapy on intensity of labor pain among primigravid women. Methods: A quasi-experimental pre-test post-test non-equivalent control group design was used. Sample consisted of 42 primigravid women admitted in labor room of a teaching hospital in Kathmandu. The intensity of labor pain was measured using Visual Analogue Scale and Behavior Rating Scale in latent and active phase of labor in both experimental and control groups. Then 30 minutes of music therapy was provided to the experimental group in the latent and active phase of labor. The post-test was carried out in both groups after the music therapy to experimental group during the latent and active phase using the same instruments. The collected data was entered in Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 16. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used to describe the findings. Findings: The mean difference of total pain between experimental and control groups during latent phase was 1.9 (t=2.31, p=0.023) in pre-test and 6.57 (t=3.91, p=0.000) in post-test. The mean difference of total pain between experimental and control groups during active phase was 1.00 (t=1.08, p=0.286) during pre-test and 6.95(t=3.744, p=0.001) during post-test. Conclusions: Music therapy tends to reduce labor pain both during the latent and active phase of labor.
Deleted Journal, Dec 1, 2022
Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society
Introduction: The quality care is an essential aspect of hospital service in improving health out... more Introduction: The quality care is an essential aspect of hospital service in improving health outcomes. Quality of children’s care can be assessed by measuring the parental satisfaction. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. Non-probability purposive sampling was used to select 167 parents of children who were admitted in Kanti Children Hospital. Data were collected by interviewing either the father or mother as roomed-in by using the Pediatric family satisfaction questionnaire (PFSQ) containing three domains as modified to suit to local context. Data were entered, cleaned and analyzed in statistical package for the social sciences SPSS version 22. Chi-square test and Spearman rank correlation coefficient were used to analyze the data. Results: Findings revealed that the overall satisfaction among majority (59.9%) of the respondents was low. However, domain wise, almost all (94.6%) respondents were satisfied in medical care followed by 89.2% in nursing care and low...
Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital
Introduction: Antenatal care is one of the pillars of a safe motherhood programme in improving ma... more Introduction: Antenatal care is one of the pillars of a safe motherhood programme in improving maternal and child health. Women’s autonomy is seen as an important factor in utilization of maternal health services. Therefore, the objective of study was to find the level of autonomy and utilization of antenatal services among the women of reproductive age group. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. A total of 151 women of reproductive age group having at least one child in the age group of less than one year were selected using non probability purposive sampling technique from four randomly selected wards of Godawari Municipality. A validated and pretested Nepali version interview schedule was used to collect data from the respondents through door-to-door visit. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and inferential statistics i.e. Fisher’s exact test was used to analyze data. Results: The study findings revealed that th...
International journal of adolescent medicine and health, Apr 1, 2002
Early child bearing is a widely observed phenomenon in Nepal. However, little information is avai... more Early child bearing is a widely observed phenomenon in Nepal. However, little information is available in regard to its contributing factors. This retrospective exploratory study was carried out to determine factors contributing to adolescent pregnancy in rural Nepal. Cluster sampling technique was used to select the study settings. The findings on variables contributing to pregnancy from the sample of 575 mothers, who had their first pregnancy at an age below 19 years, were compared with the findings from an equal number of mothers who had their first pregnancy at the age of 20 years or above. The adolescent mothers were married at a comparatively younger age with a mean age of 15.9 years. Parents or elders, with/without the girl's consent, decided the majority of adolescent marriages. The age at marriage exposed women to early pregnancy regardless of who decided the marriage. Comparatively, most adolescent mothers were from a low social class, engaged in agricultural work, and they had low literacy rate. Majorities of the mothers from both groups had no prior knowledge about conception until they conceived. Peers were the main source of information regarding conception. Although the majority of the respondents knew at least one method of contraception, less than 1% had used it before their first pregnancy. To conclude, early pregnancy had put the adolescent mothers at the risk of unwanted pregnancy and obstetric complications. Women empowerment through compulsory girls' education would be the most effective strategy to prepare them for late marriage, planned and delayed pregnancy, and better motherhood.
Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital
Introduction: COVID-19 is an infectious disease which predominantly affects the lungs but it can ... more Introduction: COVID-19 is an infectious disease which predominantly affects the lungs but it can also affect other organs such as gastro-intestinal system, brain, heart etc. The substantial proportion of infected people experience mild to moderate symptoms and recover with no after-effects. Some people with COVID- 19 can experience long term health problems, known as post-COVID health problems. These are inflammatory or host response towards virus that occurs after four weeks of initial infection and beyond. The aim of this study was to find out the post COVID health problems faced by COVID-19 infected healthcare professionals of a tertiary level hospital. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out among healthcare professionals recovered from COVID-19 infection who were selected by using non -probability purposive sampling technique. A semi-structured self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. The collected data were analyzed by using descr...
Nepal Journal of Multidisciplinary Research
Domestic violence is the most prevalent pregnancy-related health issue in developing county. The ... more Domestic violence is the most prevalent pregnancy-related health issue in developing county. The health of both mother and child is seriously jeopardized. This research was to assess the incidence of psychological, physical, economical and sexual violence during pregnancy among postnatal mothers at Dhulikhel Hospital - Kathmandu University's Hospital. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 804 postnatal women. The respondents were chosen using a systematic random sampling strategy. Findings of the study revealed that the majority of respondents stated that they had little experienced psychological violence such as meeting restrictions, work obstruction, unjustified blaming, or threats during pregnant. The minority of responders indicate they have sometimes been slapped, pushed, yanked hair, burnt, attacked, or strangled by a family member while pregnant. Very few Respondents state that they have experienced sexual violence, such as being pushed or coerced to have ...
Journal of Nepal Health Research Council, Mar 1, 2022
Journal of Nepal Health Research Council, Jun 2, 2022
International Journal of Nursing Research and Practice (IJNRP), 2017
Introduction: The number of intensive care units and people in them is growing and intensive care... more Introduction: The number of intensive care units and people in them is growing and intensive care unit delirium is increasing as a problem. It is a common acute organic brain dysfunction characterized by disturbance of consciousness and cognition. It is preventable and potentially reversible condition commonly seen in critically ill patients.
Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society, Nov 27, 2022
Introduction: Parental satisfaction is one of the indicators of quality care. An understanding of... more Introduction: Parental satisfaction is one of the indicators of quality care. An understanding of the satisfying areas would help to identify and prioritize care and support areas for infants and parents. Therefore, this study was conducted to find out the parental satisfaction with care and support in neonatal care units (NCUs). Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in NCUs of five selected public hospitals. The study was conducted among 305 parents of preterm infants (PTIs). After obtaining ethical approval, in-person interviews were conducted with parents using a satisfaction questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Results: Parents were moderately satisfied with care and support with a median score and interquartile range of 3.4 (3.1-3.8). They were highly satisfied with the infant care and least satisfied with the attachment and care guidance support with median scores of 4.0 (3.5-4.0) and 3.1 (2.6-3.8) respectively. Parental satisfaction was significantly associated with parental age, gestational age at birth, and birth weight (P value < 0.05). Conclusions: Parents are moderately satisfied with the care and support received in the NCUs. Their satisfaction is lower with the support for attachment and care guidance. In addition to competent and affectionate care to PTIs, parental support for attachment, guidance, and involvement in care need to be considered by NCU personnel.
Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital
Introduction: Bullying is common type of school violence and is a major source of maladjustment w... more Introduction: Bullying is common type of school violence and is a major source of maladjustment with undue effect on health and academic performance among adolescents. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of bullying victimization among adolescent students and its association with socio-demographic, family and school characteristics. Methods: It was descriptive survey carried out among 568 adolescents studying in Grade 7 to 11 of 10 public and 10 private schools of Kathmandu municipality selected through multi-stage stratified cluster sampling technique. Nepali version of modified revised Olweus Bully Victim Questionnaire (OBVQ) was used for data collection through Google Survey Tool after taking informed consent. Results: Prevalence of bullying victimization was 20.4% among 568 respondents. In regards types of bullying, prevalence of verbal bullying was 75.8%, relational bullying was 57.7%, physical bullying was 23.2% and cyber bullying was 23.2%. Male respondents were more ...
Medical Journal of Shree Birendra Hospital
Introduction: Sleep is an important factor in maintaining health and wellbeing of an individual. ... more Introduction: Sleep is an important factor in maintaining health and wellbeing of an individual. Various factors can lead to poor sleep quality in a patient during hospitalization. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of sleep deprivation and its associated factors among the hospitalized patients. Methods: This study was done using descriptive survey design. A total of 65 hospitalized patients were selected for the study using non-probability purposive sampling technique. Informed written consent was taken from each respondent beforehand. Data was collected by interviewing the patients meeting the criteria with pretested semi-structured interview schedule at their bedside by maintaining privacy through bedside curtains. Collected data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics i.e., chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test. Results: Almost all (98.8%) of respondents had sleep deprivation on the first night of hospitalization...
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2021
Background: Welding is a hazardous occupation where welders expose to a variety of work-related h... more Background: Welding is a hazardous occupation where welders expose to a variety of work-related hazards. These hazards might cause occupational health problems. Safe working environment and utilization of personal protective equipment (PPE) play a vital role in preventing problems and promoting their health, safety and wellbeing. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the prevalence of occupational health problems, workplace environment and utilization of personal protective equipment among welders. Methodology: A descriptive cross- sectional study design was used. Data was collected from 130 welders of 35 metal workshops in Banepa Municipality using semi-structured interview schedule in 2019. An observational checklist was used to collect information on the workplace environment of selected metal workshops. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 20 and described by using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Results: The most prevalent problems experienced by welders ...
Journal of health, population, and nutrition, 2002
The purpose of the study was to enhance contraceptive acceptance among currently-married women of... more The purpose of the study was to enhance contraceptive acceptance among currently-married women of reproductive age (CMWRA) through empowerment training of female community health volunteers (FCHVs). Seventeen FCHVs, who were working in Kakani Village Development Committee in the hills of central Nepal, attended an empowerment training that used participatory action research and reinforcement mechanisms. Following the training, the FCHVs were expected to empower the CMWRA to increase their contraceptive use. The impact of the intervention was assessed in a sample of 241 CMWRA, who were neither pregnant nor using contraceptives at the time of selection, by interviewing them before and six months after the intervention. The implementation of the intervention significantly increased the proportion of CMWRA knowing at least one contraceptive method (chi2(ldr)=71 .7, p=0.001). The use of modern contraceptives among the CMWRA from none before the intervention increased to 52.3% six months ...
International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 2015
Introduction: As nursing is ethically grounded profession guided by moral principles, ethical pro... more Introduction: As nursing is ethically grounded profession guided by moral principles, ethical problems are also an integral part of the nursing work situation. Therefore, this study was undertaken to explore nurses’ lived experience of ethical problem in clinical practice. Methodology: Nurses’ experience of ethical problem was explored qualitatively by using a phenomenological hermeneutic approach. Four nurses, involved in patient care for more than five years and working in a teaching hospital of Nepal were selected purposively. After receiving ethical approval, in-depth interview was conducted in Nepali language using a semi-structured interview guide. The interview was audio taped with written permission of the participants. The recordings were downloaded to a password protected personal computer and transcribed verbatim by the Investigator. After transcription, data was analyzed thematically. Results: The four main themes of ethical problems experienced by the nurses were: Negli...
Education for Health: Change in Learning & Practice, 2003
Context: The existing top-down approach of the training is not appropriate to empower the communi... more Context: The existing top-down approach of the training is not appropriate to empower the community health volunteers to produce a sustainable change in their performance. Objective: To propose a conceptual model that relies on Freire's theory of empowerment education and the participatory action research methodology to empower the female community health volunteers (FCHVs) to increase their consciousness, competence and confidence in performing their job responsibilities. Method: The model explains the empowerment phenomenon as a process and outcome. As a process it occurs in the form of repeated reinforcement cycles with alternating activities of action and reflection and includes developing awareness, skills and confidence among FCHVs through small group activities. As an outcome, it results in the change in FCHVs' performance in increasing contraceptive acceptance among the rural women of reproductive age group. Conclusion: It is hoped that empowerment of FCHVs will bring sustainable change in their performance and will consequently produce notable improvement in the health of women and children in particular and in the community in general.
Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 2001
Objective: Few studies have examined the use of alternative therapies .among adolescents. This st... more Objective: Few studies have examined the use of alternative therapies .among adolescents. This study examines the predictors of Native Hawaiian healer preference in the treatment of physical or emotional problems as well as the predictors of healer use. Design: This study is a longitudinal cross-sectional design. Setting: The survey was conducted in five high schools in Hawai'i. Participants: 1,322 high school students selected preference for and/or use of allopathic or alternative practitioners. Main outcome measures: Grade level, gender, ethnicity and cultural identity were used to predict healer preference. Healer preference, socioeconomic status and health status were used to predict healer use. Results: Identification with the Hawaiian culture was the strongest predictor of healer preference for both Hawaiian and non-Hawaiian adolescents. Mental health was also predictive of healer preference for non-Hawaiians. Healer use by Native Hawaiian adolescents was also predicted by Hawaiian cultural identity. Gender, grade level, and socioeconomic variables were not predictive of healer preference or use. Conclusion: Cultural identity plays a significant role in the preference and use of alternative practitioners, especially for minority adolescent populations.