Adam Seeger - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Adam Seeger
ABSTRACT We report on our use of Micro-Electro-Mechanical (MEMS) devices to test the properties o... more ABSTRACT We report on our use of Micro-Electro-Mechanical (MEMS) devices to test the properties of carbon nanotubes. MEMS technology has advanced to the point where devices can be designed and fabricated quickly and at moderate cost. We describe the capabilities of the devices and their applicability to nanometer-scale systems. As an example we demonstrate the incorporation of individual carbon nanotubes into working MEMS devices, and describe progress towards a simultaneous stress-strain-conductivity measurement on a single multi-walled nanotube.
Nanotechnology, 2000
... Philippe Foubert, Peter Vanoppen, Michel Martin, Thomas Gensch, Johan Hofkens, Aron Hels... more ... Philippe Foubert, Peter Vanoppen, Michel Martin, Thomas Gensch, Johan Hofkens, Aron Helser, Adam Seeger, Russell M Taylor, Allan E Rowan ... A and Gazen C 1998 Nanotechnology 9 23745 [9] Falvo MR, Taylor RM, Helser A, Chi V, Brooks FP, Washburn S and ...
Surface Reconstruction From AFM and SEM Images (Under the direction of Russell M. Taylor II) Curr... more Surface Reconstruction From AFM and SEM Images (Under the direction of Russell M. Taylor II) Current methods for surface reconstruction from AFM images do not enable one to incorporate constraints from other types of data. Current methods for surface reconstruction from SEM images are either unsuitable for nanometer scale shapes or limited to shapes described by a small number of parameters. I have developed a new approach to surface reconstruction from combination AFM/SEM images that overcomes these limitations. A dilation model is used to model AFM image formation and a filter bank model is used to model SEM image formation. I construct noise models for both AFM and SEM images from real data. The image
Adenovirus was the first human virus found to cause the transformation of cells and is one of the... more Adenovirus was the first human virus found to cause the transformation of cells and is one of the more common vectors being used for the development of gene therapy. As such, much is known about the viral structure and genome; however, the events of the early infection cycle, such as binding of the virus to the cell membrane and the
We present here the outlines of a system for simultaneous presentation of several related data se... more We present here the outlines of a system for simultaneous presentation of several related data sets to users by means of a multidimensional haptic display. Such a display is preferable to a visual display in some situations, for example when (as in our lab) a nanometer-scale real surface is being both examined and modified by the user, and rapid local feedback from the modifications is needed. We propose that each data set (e.g. each property of the nanosurface) be represented by a different haptic dimension, and that equal increments in the property be represented by perceptually equal increments on the corresponding dimension. Fortunately for this scaling requirement, the results reported here reveal that the "power law," a simple mathematical function which sensory scientists have found to describe the subjective intensity of many types of real stimuli , applies to virtual ones as well.
Using e-beam lithographic techniques and AFM manipulation, we have created a variety of integrate... more Using e-beam lithographic techniques and AFM manipulation, we have created a variety of integrated nanotube device structures with CNT/CNT contacts. In previous work on a system directly relevant to CNT/CNT contacts, we have found that the resistance of the CNT/HOPG contact depends on the relative angle of the contacting graphene lattices. In further exploration of this system, we will manipulate
Single wall carbon nanotube electronics continue to prove interesting for their promise in fields... more Single wall carbon nanotube electronics continue to prove interesting for their promise in fields such as nanotechnology and basic physics at the nanoscale. The nature of the electronic interaction between bundles of single wall carbon nanotubes is one example of an experiment that investigates their potential use as nanoscale electronic contacts as well as the basic physical nature of transport
Measurements will be presented of a nanoelectronic device consisting of two parallel single-wall ... more Measurements will be presented of a nanoelectronic device consisting of two parallel single-wall nanotube bundles with 4-probe metallic contacts to each. This device was created with a newly developed technique which allows the direct manipulation of the bundles into an arbitrary configuration with an advanced interface to an AFM, and placement of registered metal contacts by a combination of photolithography
Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology - VRST '01, 2001
The Virtual-Reality Peripheral Network (VRPN) system provides a device-independent and network-tr... more The Virtual-Reality Peripheral Network (VRPN) system provides a device-independent and network-transparent interface to virtualreality peripherals. VRPN's application of factoring by function and of layering in the context of devices produces an interface that is novel and powerful. VRPN also integrates a wide range of known advanced techniques into a publicly-available system. These techniques benefit both direct VRPN users and those who implement other applications that make use of VR peripherals.
Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures, 2001
We describe some mechanical and electrical measurements on carbon nanotubes. We discuss electron ... more We describe some mechanical and electrical measurements on carbon nanotubes. We discuss electron beam lithography techniques to form metal wire contacts to the as-found nanometer structures. Starting from a unique collaborative perspective, we suggest some improved design and alignment methods.
Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology - VRST '01, 2001
Visualization Handbook, 2005
We present here the outlines of a system for simultaneous presentation of several related data se... more We present here the outlines of a system for simultaneous presentation of several related data sets to users by means of a multidimensional haptic display. Such a display is preferable to a visual display in some situations, for example when (as in our lab) a nanometer-scale real surface is being both examined and modified by the user, and rapid local feedback from the modifications is needed. We propose that each data set (e.g. each property of the nanosurface) be represented by a different haptic dimension, and that equal increments in the property be represented by perceptually equal increments on the corresponding dimension. Fortunately for this scaling requirement, the results reported here reveal that the "power law," a simple mathematical function which sensory scientists have found to describe the subjective intensity of many types of real stimuli (Stevens, 1961; Gescheider, 1997), applies to virtual ones as well. Introduction The scientists with whom we collaborat...
Surface and Interface Analysis, 2005
ABSTRACT We have developed an alternative approach to Monte Carlo simulation for simulating SEM i... more ABSTRACT We have developed an alternative approach to Monte Carlo simulation for simulating SEM images, which is several orders of magnitude faster to compute, simulating an image in a fraction of a second. This approach also enables one to solve the inverse problem of reconstructing surface topography from SEM images within minutes to hours. Our method is limited to surfaces that are height fields and that are composed of only a single material. Also, we assume there are no charging affects and that the shading of the surface is rotation invariant (no detector asymmetry).We represent the input surface to our simulator as a height image with the same resolution as the desired SEM image. An SEM image is simulated from the height image by first convolving it with each of a set of filter kernels. Each of these filter kernels extracts local information about slope and curvature at different scales, and the resulting filtered images are combined to produce the simulated image.We fit our model to examples of height images and corresponding SEM images that are either generated synthetically using the Monte Carlo method or acquired from an actual SEM. In the case of real SEM images, the corresponding height image must be either known from design data or measured independently (e.g. using an AFM). Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Somatosensory & Motor Research, 2005
Two experiments involving indirect touch were carried out to explore the relationships among perc... more Two experiments involving indirect touch were carried out to explore the relationships among perceptual dimensions of haptically examined surfaces. Subjects in both experiments used a stylus to evaluate the properties of virtual surfaces created by a force-feedback device; four surface properties (resistance to normal force, coefficient of friction, texture scale, and vibration amplitude) were manipulated in various combinations. In Experiment 1, the extent to which there was a one-to-one relationship between specific stimulus properties and perceptual qualities ("perceptual separability") was evaluated. A substantial failure of separability was demonstrated, with friction tending to be more separable from the other properties than they were from one another. The pattern of results suggests that the amount of measured separability depends crucially on the way stimulus properties are defined (e.g., force versus displacement). In Experiment 2, surfaces with known perceptual properties were used to study the metric(s) of the relevant perceptual space. By specifying the perceptual, rather than the stimulus, coordinates of the surfaces, it was possible to bypass issues of perceptual separability. For surfaces of equal friction, a Euclidean metric captured the results (r(2) = 0.75) more effectively than a city-block metric did; neither metric did well when differences in friction were involved. The fact that-unlike stickiness-hardness, roughness, and perceived vibration intensity are all increasing functions of surface-normal forces may facilitate their integration into a Euclidean space, in both direct and indirect touch.
Scanning, 2006
We propose a new method for fitting a model of specimen charging to scanning electron microscope ... more We propose a new method for fitting a model of specimen charging to scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. Charging effects cause errors when one attempts to infer the size or shape of a specimen from an image. The goal of our method is to enable image analysis algorithms for measurement, segmentation, and three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction that would otherwise fail on images containing charging effects. Our model is applied to images of chromium/quartz photolithography masks and may also work in the more general case of isolated metal islands on a flat insulating substrate. Unlike methods based on Monte Carlo simulation, our simulation method does not handle more general topographies or specimens composed entirely of an insulator; it is a crude approximation to the physical charging process described in more detail in Cazaux (1986) and Melchinger and Hofmann (1985), but can be fit with quantitative accuracy to real SEM images. We only consider changes in intensity and do not model charging-induced distortion of image coordinates. Our approach has the advantage over existing methods of enabling fast prediction of charging effects so it may be more practical for image analysis applications.
ABSTRACT We report on our use of Micro-Electro-Mechanical (MEMS) devices to test the properties o... more ABSTRACT We report on our use of Micro-Electro-Mechanical (MEMS) devices to test the properties of carbon nanotubes. MEMS technology has advanced to the point where devices can be designed and fabricated quickly and at moderate cost. We describe the capabilities of the devices and their applicability to nanometer-scale systems. As an example we demonstrate the incorporation of individual carbon nanotubes into working MEMS devices, and describe progress towards a simultaneous stress-strain-conductivity measurement on a single multi-walled nanotube.
Nanotechnology, 2000
... Philippe Foubert, Peter Vanoppen, Michel Martin, Thomas Gensch, Johan Hofkens, Aron Hels... more ... Philippe Foubert, Peter Vanoppen, Michel Martin, Thomas Gensch, Johan Hofkens, Aron Helser, Adam Seeger, Russell M Taylor, Allan E Rowan ... A and Gazen C 1998 Nanotechnology 9 23745 [9] Falvo MR, Taylor RM, Helser A, Chi V, Brooks FP, Washburn S and ...
Surface Reconstruction From AFM and SEM Images (Under the direction of Russell M. Taylor II) Curr... more Surface Reconstruction From AFM and SEM Images (Under the direction of Russell M. Taylor II) Current methods for surface reconstruction from AFM images do not enable one to incorporate constraints from other types of data. Current methods for surface reconstruction from SEM images are either unsuitable for nanometer scale shapes or limited to shapes described by a small number of parameters. I have developed a new approach to surface reconstruction from combination AFM/SEM images that overcomes these limitations. A dilation model is used to model AFM image formation and a filter bank model is used to model SEM image formation. I construct noise models for both AFM and SEM images from real data. The image
Adenovirus was the first human virus found to cause the transformation of cells and is one of the... more Adenovirus was the first human virus found to cause the transformation of cells and is one of the more common vectors being used for the development of gene therapy. As such, much is known about the viral structure and genome; however, the events of the early infection cycle, such as binding of the virus to the cell membrane and the
We present here the outlines of a system for simultaneous presentation of several related data se... more We present here the outlines of a system for simultaneous presentation of several related data sets to users by means of a multidimensional haptic display. Such a display is preferable to a visual display in some situations, for example when (as in our lab) a nanometer-scale real surface is being both examined and modified by the user, and rapid local feedback from the modifications is needed. We propose that each data set (e.g. each property of the nanosurface) be represented by a different haptic dimension, and that equal increments in the property be represented by perceptually equal increments on the corresponding dimension. Fortunately for this scaling requirement, the results reported here reveal that the "power law," a simple mathematical function which sensory scientists have found to describe the subjective intensity of many types of real stimuli , applies to virtual ones as well.
Using e-beam lithographic techniques and AFM manipulation, we have created a variety of integrate... more Using e-beam lithographic techniques and AFM manipulation, we have created a variety of integrated nanotube device structures with CNT/CNT contacts. In previous work on a system directly relevant to CNT/CNT contacts, we have found that the resistance of the CNT/HOPG contact depends on the relative angle of the contacting graphene lattices. In further exploration of this system, we will manipulate
Single wall carbon nanotube electronics continue to prove interesting for their promise in fields... more Single wall carbon nanotube electronics continue to prove interesting for their promise in fields such as nanotechnology and basic physics at the nanoscale. The nature of the electronic interaction between bundles of single wall carbon nanotubes is one example of an experiment that investigates their potential use as nanoscale electronic contacts as well as the basic physical nature of transport
Measurements will be presented of a nanoelectronic device consisting of two parallel single-wall ... more Measurements will be presented of a nanoelectronic device consisting of two parallel single-wall nanotube bundles with 4-probe metallic contacts to each. This device was created with a newly developed technique which allows the direct manipulation of the bundles into an arbitrary configuration with an advanced interface to an AFM, and placement of registered metal contacts by a combination of photolithography
Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology - VRST '01, 2001
The Virtual-Reality Peripheral Network (VRPN) system provides a device-independent and network-tr... more The Virtual-Reality Peripheral Network (VRPN) system provides a device-independent and network-transparent interface to virtualreality peripherals. VRPN's application of factoring by function and of layering in the context of devices produces an interface that is novel and powerful. VRPN also integrates a wide range of known advanced techniques into a publicly-available system. These techniques benefit both direct VRPN users and those who implement other applications that make use of VR peripherals.
Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures, 2001
We describe some mechanical and electrical measurements on carbon nanotubes. We discuss electron ... more We describe some mechanical and electrical measurements on carbon nanotubes. We discuss electron beam lithography techniques to form metal wire contacts to the as-found nanometer structures. Starting from a unique collaborative perspective, we suggest some improved design and alignment methods.
Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology - VRST '01, 2001
Visualization Handbook, 2005
We present here the outlines of a system for simultaneous presentation of several related data se... more We present here the outlines of a system for simultaneous presentation of several related data sets to users by means of a multidimensional haptic display. Such a display is preferable to a visual display in some situations, for example when (as in our lab) a nanometer-scale real surface is being both examined and modified by the user, and rapid local feedback from the modifications is needed. We propose that each data set (e.g. each property of the nanosurface) be represented by a different haptic dimension, and that equal increments in the property be represented by perceptually equal increments on the corresponding dimension. Fortunately for this scaling requirement, the results reported here reveal that the "power law," a simple mathematical function which sensory scientists have found to describe the subjective intensity of many types of real stimuli (Stevens, 1961; Gescheider, 1997), applies to virtual ones as well. Introduction The scientists with whom we collaborat...
Surface and Interface Analysis, 2005
ABSTRACT We have developed an alternative approach to Monte Carlo simulation for simulating SEM i... more ABSTRACT We have developed an alternative approach to Monte Carlo simulation for simulating SEM images, which is several orders of magnitude faster to compute, simulating an image in a fraction of a second. This approach also enables one to solve the inverse problem of reconstructing surface topography from SEM images within minutes to hours. Our method is limited to surfaces that are height fields and that are composed of only a single material. Also, we assume there are no charging affects and that the shading of the surface is rotation invariant (no detector asymmetry).We represent the input surface to our simulator as a height image with the same resolution as the desired SEM image. An SEM image is simulated from the height image by first convolving it with each of a set of filter kernels. Each of these filter kernels extracts local information about slope and curvature at different scales, and the resulting filtered images are combined to produce the simulated image.We fit our model to examples of height images and corresponding SEM images that are either generated synthetically using the Monte Carlo method or acquired from an actual SEM. In the case of real SEM images, the corresponding height image must be either known from design data or measured independently (e.g. using an AFM). Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Somatosensory & Motor Research, 2005
Two experiments involving indirect touch were carried out to explore the relationships among perc... more Two experiments involving indirect touch were carried out to explore the relationships among perceptual dimensions of haptically examined surfaces. Subjects in both experiments used a stylus to evaluate the properties of virtual surfaces created by a force-feedback device; four surface properties (resistance to normal force, coefficient of friction, texture scale, and vibration amplitude) were manipulated in various combinations. In Experiment 1, the extent to which there was a one-to-one relationship between specific stimulus properties and perceptual qualities ("perceptual separability") was evaluated. A substantial failure of separability was demonstrated, with friction tending to be more separable from the other properties than they were from one another. The pattern of results suggests that the amount of measured separability depends crucially on the way stimulus properties are defined (e.g., force versus displacement). In Experiment 2, surfaces with known perceptual properties were used to study the metric(s) of the relevant perceptual space. By specifying the perceptual, rather than the stimulus, coordinates of the surfaces, it was possible to bypass issues of perceptual separability. For surfaces of equal friction, a Euclidean metric captured the results (r(2) = 0.75) more effectively than a city-block metric did; neither metric did well when differences in friction were involved. The fact that-unlike stickiness-hardness, roughness, and perceived vibration intensity are all increasing functions of surface-normal forces may facilitate their integration into a Euclidean space, in both direct and indirect touch.
Scanning, 2006
We propose a new method for fitting a model of specimen charging to scanning electron microscope ... more We propose a new method for fitting a model of specimen charging to scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. Charging effects cause errors when one attempts to infer the size or shape of a specimen from an image. The goal of our method is to enable image analysis algorithms for measurement, segmentation, and three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction that would otherwise fail on images containing charging effects. Our model is applied to images of chromium/quartz photolithography masks and may also work in the more general case of isolated metal islands on a flat insulating substrate. Unlike methods based on Monte Carlo simulation, our simulation method does not handle more general topographies or specimens composed entirely of an insulator; it is a crude approximation to the physical charging process described in more detail in Cazaux (1986) and Melchinger and Hofmann (1985), but can be fit with quantitative accuracy to real SEM images. We only consider changes in intensity and do not model charging-induced distortion of image coordinates. Our approach has the advantage over existing methods of enabling fast prediction of charging effects so it may be more practical for image analysis applications.