Djoko Setyanto - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Djoko Setyanto
Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology
Rigid polyurethane (RPU) foams as roof insulation have become increasingly popular in Southeast A... more Rigid polyurethane (RPU) foams as roof insulation have become increasingly popular in Southeast Asian countries and have been extensively used for absorbing sound and reducing noise because of their good sound damping, viscoelasticity, and low density. In this study, the RPU foam composite reinforced bamboo fiber was investigated by physical characterization by SEM, TGA, and FTIR, and the sound absorption was measured by the Impedance Tube Test. The morphology result of the RPU foam composite indicates the size of the diameter pore influenced the sound absorption by adding bamboo fiber as a filler. The thermal degradation of the presence of lignin in the bamboo fiber at the temperature range of 400 °C to 500 °C and the total weight loss is 76 % at 429 °C temperature. FTIR spectrum shows that the peak at 2890 to 2935 cm-1 are indicated –CH stretching vibrations and characteristics for bamboo fiber can be used in polymer composites. The sound absorption of RPU 25 foam composite reinfo...
Logistics
Background: The latest global agreement on net-zero emissions encourages new studies on productio... more Background: The latest global agreement on net-zero emissions encourages new studies on production inventory optimization that promote carbon emissions reduction without harming a company’s profit performance, particularly because certain carbon-pricing regulations bind manufacturing companies. Methods: This study aims to develop a production inventory model that considers direct and indirect emissions in three emission scopes. It incorporates emissions from production, material handling, transportation, and waste disposal for further treatment under a carbon cap-and-trade regulation. With the help of Maple software, a convex total cost function was solved. Results: The results show that the optimum production quantity depends on the values of demand, setup cost, holding cost, fixed cost per delivery, fixed cost for waste disposal, and other parameters related to carbon prices. This study also found that the total cost was highly dependent on the values of the carbon cap, carbon pri...
Applied Sciences
A modern agricultural method of cultivating mustard greens and watercress with a hydroponic syste... more A modern agricultural method of cultivating mustard greens and watercress with a hydroponic system in a pilot greenhouse has been implemented by a group of farmers in Cisauk-Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia. The characteristic tropical climate south of the equator causes high temperatures and humidity in the greenhouse. This study aims to control the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse using the misting method so that the temperature and humidity are not more than 33 °C and 85%, respectively. A misting system designed by the main equipment consists of a water flow control pump, temperature and humidity sensors, water mist spray nozzles, and water flow settings for intermittent drizzle for five minutes ON and ten minutes OFF using the internet of things module program. In addition to setting the water discharge intermittently, another limitation for the pump to be OFF is a minimum temperature benchmark of 28 °C and a maximum humidity of 85%. The temperature does not exceed 33 °C, ...
Polymers
Gutters made of glass-fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) are usually produced with a three-millimetr... more Gutters made of glass-fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) are usually produced with a three-millimetre thickness. The fillers are mixed into unsaturated polyester (UP) resin, which is intended to make the composite material more affordable. This study aims to examine the effects of the addition of alumina trihydrate (ATH), calcium carbonate (CC), and a mixture of ATH and CC of 15 and 30 parts per hundredweight of resins (PHR) on the material properties of the three-millimetre-thick three-layered GFRP composites. The properties observed included physical properties, namely, specific gravity and water absorption, chemical properties such as burning rate, and mechanical properties such as hardness, flexural strength, and toughness. The effects of the fillers on the voids and interfacial bond between the reinforcing fibre and matrix were analysed using the flexural fracture observation through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the addition of fillers into the UP re...
Jurnal ilmiah teknik industri, Jun 30, 2022
Growing the world's population to almost 9.7 billion by 2050 will continue to address the challen... more Growing the world's population to almost 9.7 billion by 2050 will continue to address the challenges facing the food and agriculture sector. The aim of this study is to reduce food losses in Sampora Village, Cisauk-South Tangerang by creating an affordable cold-storage of Modified Atmosphere Storage (MAS) equipment with a capacity of 4.77 m3 so that it can increase the quality of food for a longer period without deterioration of the horticultural products stored. Temperature control, humidity control, air circulation, maintenance of space between containers for adequate ventilation, total capacity, dimensions, efficiency, development costs, durability, performance, and features are involved in the design. This cold storage is designed with a Design Thinking method. A qualitative research was conducted through interviews to gain insight and synthesize the needs. The selection prototype concept was chosen by the Pugh Matrix and finally this study proposed in an affordable cold-storage technology.
Polymers
It is difficult to obtain suitable fire resistance and mechanical properties for glass-fiber-rein... more It is difficult to obtain suitable fire resistance and mechanical properties for glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) roof material in industrial applications. Although some efforts to improve the fire resistance properties of GFRP have been carried out, in practice this sometimes degrades the mechanical properties. Therefore, the base materials, such as filler and reinforcing fiber, must be appropriately combined to simultaneously improve both fire resistance and mechanical properties. The present study examines improvements in GFRP roof material by investigating the effect of aluminium trihydrate (ATH) as a filler and the combination of a chopped strand mat (CSM) with woven roving (WR) and stitched mat (STM) fibers as the reinforcement in a composite GFRP roof structure. The roof samples were prepared following industrial machine standards using the specified materials. The mechanical properties of GFRP were evaluated using tensile, flexural and impact tests, following ASTM D638,...
Sustainability
Purlins made from galvanised steel in fertiliser warehouses have often been considered less effic... more Purlins made from galvanised steel in fertiliser warehouses have often been considered less efficient, necessitating a new purlin made using corrosion-resistant material to increase building efficiency. This study was an attempt to design a nine-metre purlin from glass-fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite material for a new fertiliser warehouse in Bontang-East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The purlin design selected in this study was the Z profile of pultruded beams from GFRP composite material that met the criteria of an efficient purlin, such as corrosion resistance, compact stacking, and ability to withstand technical loads. In particular, the Z profile becomes compact when stacked, and the GFRP material used is corrosion-resistant yet affordable. The primary materials for GFRP composites consist of long yarn glass fibre bundles for reinforcement and unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) for the matrix. Material strength modelling was based on analytical and finite element approaches. ...
Procedia Engineering, 2014
Problems exist in using roof sheets with pins and holes are water leakage through the holes, corr... more Problems exist in using roof sheets with pins and holes are water leakage through the holes, corrosion of the pins and complexity in installing particularly in a large roof case. The aims of this research, therefore, are to design a new profile of roof sheet which can be installed without holes and pins
In the process of making glass with the Float Process can be divided into several stages of the p... more In the process of making glass with the Float Process can be divided into several stages of the production process such as preparation of raw materials, mixing, melting, forming, cutting, and packing. From this process that becomes a benchmark of glass quality is the type and number of defects in the glass caused by the processes that occur in making glass. The glass defect can be from the existing production process stage. In the smelting process occurs in the furnace area, where in the combustion process, the fusion that occurs there is foam that can interfere with the combustion process in the furnace. This can occur due to foam can prevent the entry of radiant heat into the liquid glass. So that with the foam that is formed will be analyzed what effects and variables can occur and the application of tetra n-butyl titanate to the foam formed. With the use of TNBT can eliminate the foam that occurs and can directly reduce the temperature of the crown furnace that results in a decr...
The main consideration for choosing glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) tank for chemical fluid... more The main consideration for choosing glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) tank for chemical fluid vessel is the corrosion resistance property of the material. There are leakages on one of the three sludge palm oil GFRP tanks after two years operation in a palm oil refinery industry at East Borneo (Kalimantan Timur). The structure of the tank body consists of chemical barrier laminate and structural laminate. The chemical barrier laminate is composed of bisphenol as matrix with surfacing veil and three laminates chopped strand mat as reinforcement, while the structural laminate is made of isophthalic as matrix with filament winding as reinforcement. This paper discusses the failure and strength analysis of the tank structure and the results are used to make a decision for reconditioning the three GFRP sludge palm oil tanks. Wrinkle and resin pocket near the inner surface of the tank when exposed to sludge palm oil at temperature over than 90 O C caused the matrix to become hard and b...
A new profile of fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) roofing sheets is designed to fulfill market... more A new profile of fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) roofing sheets is designed to fulfill market demand of roofing sheets for low slope building that is used on corrosive or chemical environment and it can be installed by mechanical locking system. The locking mechanism system of roofing sheets is fulfilled by designing of crest profile where the upper side is wider than below. The matrix of FRP composite is unsaturated polyester resin and the reinforcement is E-glass. Reinforcement type is chopped strand mat where the chopped mats orientation is in random so that the material elastic properties type is assumed as planar (2D) isotropic. The new profile of FRP roofing sheets is designed for industrial or warehouse building standard with dimensions 2 mm thickness, 406 mm effective width, and 11.4 m length. It is supported by seven internal spans, two end spans, and two overhang spans. The length of internal spans and end spans are 1.2 m and overhang spans are 0.3 m. It is modeled on ...
The aim of this research was choosinga filler material for unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) matr... more The aim of this research was choosinga filler material for unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) matrix of fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) composite roofing sheets. The addition of a filler in the matrix is intended to reduce price composite. There are three fillers chosen, calcium carbonate, aluminium hydroxide (alumina), and talc. The weight composition of the FRP composite is thirty percent of reinforcement and seventy percent of resin. Carbon black is chosen as an additive which is expected to improve the material properties as well as the influence of UV and heat. FRP composite samples thicknesses are 2 mm and 3 mm. Theyaremade ofE-glass chopped strand mat as reinforcement and UPR as matrix. The physical and mechanical properties composite material sare evaluated at the beginning and after the conditioned weather. There are two types of weather that are conditioned on the composite materials, artificial and natural weather. The parameters to evaluatequality of the material sare...
There are two profile models that serves as a hook. These models were made from 6061 series alumi... more There are two profile models that serves as a hook. These models were made from 6061 series aluminium materials, working on the load of 3 – 10 kg and these hooks area is corrosive. Two hook models have geometric resemblance but work the same. Therefore, these two hook models would like to be comparable with one another, in order to figure out which model is better to withstand the workload of 3 – 10 kg. One analysis to perform is by stress distribution occurs in two models with two-dimensional photoelasticity experimental methods. Experimental method was carried out by modeling of light translucent material that was Araldite B. Results of the provided photoelasticity was isochromate pattern by merging light and dark area with a load of each hook model by 1 – 5 kg. Analysis of isochromate pattern of these hook models have the same fracture critical areas to various loading. Stress distribution pattern formed on the same loading, it indicates that the first hook model hold up the load...
Chain 415 that used in racing, with original specification of chain: plate thickness 1.5mm, mater... more Chain 415 that used in racing, with original specification of chain: plate thickness 1.5mm, material steel 50C and total chain weight 870 grams per 130 links, can be improved to support its performance. In this thesis, a new design will be discussed to reduce weight of 415 chain. Weight savings of components, obtained from thickness plate reduction 20% and its pin height reduction. The thinner plate received more stress, therefore the new plate properties must be made better with more strength. With same material steel 50C, the new plate design heat treatment processed is improved from Heat Quench Temper to Austemper. From the prototype made, weight saving achieved is around 5-12%.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology
International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering Research and Development
MATEC Web of Conferences
The corrugated roofing sheet of UPVC polymer material is the potential material to replace common... more The corrugated roofing sheet of UPVC polymer material is the potential material to replace common roof materials that has been developed in Indonesia. This study describes the design of the roof profile and analysis of the roof structure to static load. The resulting roof profile is a hollow corrugated roofing sheet with five crests and four valleys. The effective width is 860 mm, 10 mm cavity thick, and 45 mm peak height. The finite element model of the hollow UPVC corrugated sheets roof structure shows that the roof structure is capable of withstanding the static load/ mass of 133 kg equivalent of two applicators and capable of withstanding the wind lift force equivalent to 99 km/ h.
Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology
Rigid polyurethane (RPU) foams as roof insulation have become increasingly popular in Southeast A... more Rigid polyurethane (RPU) foams as roof insulation have become increasingly popular in Southeast Asian countries and have been extensively used for absorbing sound and reducing noise because of their good sound damping, viscoelasticity, and low density. In this study, the RPU foam composite reinforced bamboo fiber was investigated by physical characterization by SEM, TGA, and FTIR, and the sound absorption was measured by the Impedance Tube Test. The morphology result of the RPU foam composite indicates the size of the diameter pore influenced the sound absorption by adding bamboo fiber as a filler. The thermal degradation of the presence of lignin in the bamboo fiber at the temperature range of 400 °C to 500 °C and the total weight loss is 76 % at 429 °C temperature. FTIR spectrum shows that the peak at 2890 to 2935 cm-1 are indicated –CH stretching vibrations and characteristics for bamboo fiber can be used in polymer composites. The sound absorption of RPU 25 foam composite reinfo...
Logistics
Background: The latest global agreement on net-zero emissions encourages new studies on productio... more Background: The latest global agreement on net-zero emissions encourages new studies on production inventory optimization that promote carbon emissions reduction without harming a company’s profit performance, particularly because certain carbon-pricing regulations bind manufacturing companies. Methods: This study aims to develop a production inventory model that considers direct and indirect emissions in three emission scopes. It incorporates emissions from production, material handling, transportation, and waste disposal for further treatment under a carbon cap-and-trade regulation. With the help of Maple software, a convex total cost function was solved. Results: The results show that the optimum production quantity depends on the values of demand, setup cost, holding cost, fixed cost per delivery, fixed cost for waste disposal, and other parameters related to carbon prices. This study also found that the total cost was highly dependent on the values of the carbon cap, carbon pri...
Applied Sciences
A modern agricultural method of cultivating mustard greens and watercress with a hydroponic syste... more A modern agricultural method of cultivating mustard greens and watercress with a hydroponic system in a pilot greenhouse has been implemented by a group of farmers in Cisauk-Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia. The characteristic tropical climate south of the equator causes high temperatures and humidity in the greenhouse. This study aims to control the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse using the misting method so that the temperature and humidity are not more than 33 °C and 85%, respectively. A misting system designed by the main equipment consists of a water flow control pump, temperature and humidity sensors, water mist spray nozzles, and water flow settings for intermittent drizzle for five minutes ON and ten minutes OFF using the internet of things module program. In addition to setting the water discharge intermittently, another limitation for the pump to be OFF is a minimum temperature benchmark of 28 °C and a maximum humidity of 85%. The temperature does not exceed 33 °C, ...
Polymers
Gutters made of glass-fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) are usually produced with a three-millimetr... more Gutters made of glass-fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) are usually produced with a three-millimetre thickness. The fillers are mixed into unsaturated polyester (UP) resin, which is intended to make the composite material more affordable. This study aims to examine the effects of the addition of alumina trihydrate (ATH), calcium carbonate (CC), and a mixture of ATH and CC of 15 and 30 parts per hundredweight of resins (PHR) on the material properties of the three-millimetre-thick three-layered GFRP composites. The properties observed included physical properties, namely, specific gravity and water absorption, chemical properties such as burning rate, and mechanical properties such as hardness, flexural strength, and toughness. The effects of the fillers on the voids and interfacial bond between the reinforcing fibre and matrix were analysed using the flexural fracture observation through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the addition of fillers into the UP re...
Jurnal ilmiah teknik industri, Jun 30, 2022
Growing the world's population to almost 9.7 billion by 2050 will continue to address the challen... more Growing the world's population to almost 9.7 billion by 2050 will continue to address the challenges facing the food and agriculture sector. The aim of this study is to reduce food losses in Sampora Village, Cisauk-South Tangerang by creating an affordable cold-storage of Modified Atmosphere Storage (MAS) equipment with a capacity of 4.77 m3 so that it can increase the quality of food for a longer period without deterioration of the horticultural products stored. Temperature control, humidity control, air circulation, maintenance of space between containers for adequate ventilation, total capacity, dimensions, efficiency, development costs, durability, performance, and features are involved in the design. This cold storage is designed with a Design Thinking method. A qualitative research was conducted through interviews to gain insight and synthesize the needs. The selection prototype concept was chosen by the Pugh Matrix and finally this study proposed in an affordable cold-storage technology.
Polymers
It is difficult to obtain suitable fire resistance and mechanical properties for glass-fiber-rein... more It is difficult to obtain suitable fire resistance and mechanical properties for glass-fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) roof material in industrial applications. Although some efforts to improve the fire resistance properties of GFRP have been carried out, in practice this sometimes degrades the mechanical properties. Therefore, the base materials, such as filler and reinforcing fiber, must be appropriately combined to simultaneously improve both fire resistance and mechanical properties. The present study examines improvements in GFRP roof material by investigating the effect of aluminium trihydrate (ATH) as a filler and the combination of a chopped strand mat (CSM) with woven roving (WR) and stitched mat (STM) fibers as the reinforcement in a composite GFRP roof structure. The roof samples were prepared following industrial machine standards using the specified materials. The mechanical properties of GFRP were evaluated using tensile, flexural and impact tests, following ASTM D638,...
Sustainability
Purlins made from galvanised steel in fertiliser warehouses have often been considered less effic... more Purlins made from galvanised steel in fertiliser warehouses have often been considered less efficient, necessitating a new purlin made using corrosion-resistant material to increase building efficiency. This study was an attempt to design a nine-metre purlin from glass-fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite material for a new fertiliser warehouse in Bontang-East Kalimantan, Indonesia. The purlin design selected in this study was the Z profile of pultruded beams from GFRP composite material that met the criteria of an efficient purlin, such as corrosion resistance, compact stacking, and ability to withstand technical loads. In particular, the Z profile becomes compact when stacked, and the GFRP material used is corrosion-resistant yet affordable. The primary materials for GFRP composites consist of long yarn glass fibre bundles for reinforcement and unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) for the matrix. Material strength modelling was based on analytical and finite element approaches. ...
Procedia Engineering, 2014
Problems exist in using roof sheets with pins and holes are water leakage through the holes, corr... more Problems exist in using roof sheets with pins and holes are water leakage through the holes, corrosion of the pins and complexity in installing particularly in a large roof case. The aims of this research, therefore, are to design a new profile of roof sheet which can be installed without holes and pins
In the process of making glass with the Float Process can be divided into several stages of the p... more In the process of making glass with the Float Process can be divided into several stages of the production process such as preparation of raw materials, mixing, melting, forming, cutting, and packing. From this process that becomes a benchmark of glass quality is the type and number of defects in the glass caused by the processes that occur in making glass. The glass defect can be from the existing production process stage. In the smelting process occurs in the furnace area, where in the combustion process, the fusion that occurs there is foam that can interfere with the combustion process in the furnace. This can occur due to foam can prevent the entry of radiant heat into the liquid glass. So that with the foam that is formed will be analyzed what effects and variables can occur and the application of tetra n-butyl titanate to the foam formed. With the use of TNBT can eliminate the foam that occurs and can directly reduce the temperature of the crown furnace that results in a decr...
The main consideration for choosing glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) tank for chemical fluid... more The main consideration for choosing glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) tank for chemical fluid vessel is the corrosion resistance property of the material. There are leakages on one of the three sludge palm oil GFRP tanks after two years operation in a palm oil refinery industry at East Borneo (Kalimantan Timur). The structure of the tank body consists of chemical barrier laminate and structural laminate. The chemical barrier laminate is composed of bisphenol as matrix with surfacing veil and three laminates chopped strand mat as reinforcement, while the structural laminate is made of isophthalic as matrix with filament winding as reinforcement. This paper discusses the failure and strength analysis of the tank structure and the results are used to make a decision for reconditioning the three GFRP sludge palm oil tanks. Wrinkle and resin pocket near the inner surface of the tank when exposed to sludge palm oil at temperature over than 90 O C caused the matrix to become hard and b...
A new profile of fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) roofing sheets is designed to fulfill market... more A new profile of fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) roofing sheets is designed to fulfill market demand of roofing sheets for low slope building that is used on corrosive or chemical environment and it can be installed by mechanical locking system. The locking mechanism system of roofing sheets is fulfilled by designing of crest profile where the upper side is wider than below. The matrix of FRP composite is unsaturated polyester resin and the reinforcement is E-glass. Reinforcement type is chopped strand mat where the chopped mats orientation is in random so that the material elastic properties type is assumed as planar (2D) isotropic. The new profile of FRP roofing sheets is designed for industrial or warehouse building standard with dimensions 2 mm thickness, 406 mm effective width, and 11.4 m length. It is supported by seven internal spans, two end spans, and two overhang spans. The length of internal spans and end spans are 1.2 m and overhang spans are 0.3 m. It is modeled on ...
The aim of this research was choosinga filler material for unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) matr... more The aim of this research was choosinga filler material for unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) matrix of fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) composite roofing sheets. The addition of a filler in the matrix is intended to reduce price composite. There are three fillers chosen, calcium carbonate, aluminium hydroxide (alumina), and talc. The weight composition of the FRP composite is thirty percent of reinforcement and seventy percent of resin. Carbon black is chosen as an additive which is expected to improve the material properties as well as the influence of UV and heat. FRP composite samples thicknesses are 2 mm and 3 mm. Theyaremade ofE-glass chopped strand mat as reinforcement and UPR as matrix. The physical and mechanical properties composite material sare evaluated at the beginning and after the conditioned weather. There are two types of weather that are conditioned on the composite materials, artificial and natural weather. The parameters to evaluatequality of the material sare...
There are two profile models that serves as a hook. These models were made from 6061 series alumi... more There are two profile models that serves as a hook. These models were made from 6061 series aluminium materials, working on the load of 3 – 10 kg and these hooks area is corrosive. Two hook models have geometric resemblance but work the same. Therefore, these two hook models would like to be comparable with one another, in order to figure out which model is better to withstand the workload of 3 – 10 kg. One analysis to perform is by stress distribution occurs in two models with two-dimensional photoelasticity experimental methods. Experimental method was carried out by modeling of light translucent material that was Araldite B. Results of the provided photoelasticity was isochromate pattern by merging light and dark area with a load of each hook model by 1 – 5 kg. Analysis of isochromate pattern of these hook models have the same fracture critical areas to various loading. Stress distribution pattern formed on the same loading, it indicates that the first hook model hold up the load...
Chain 415 that used in racing, with original specification of chain: plate thickness 1.5mm, mater... more Chain 415 that used in racing, with original specification of chain: plate thickness 1.5mm, material steel 50C and total chain weight 870 grams per 130 links, can be improved to support its performance. In this thesis, a new design will be discussed to reduce weight of 415 chain. Weight savings of components, obtained from thickness plate reduction 20% and its pin height reduction. The thinner plate received more stress, therefore the new plate properties must be made better with more strength. With same material steel 50C, the new plate design heat treatment processed is improved from Heat Quench Temper to Austemper. From the prototype made, weight saving achieved is around 5-12%.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology
International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering Research and Development
MATEC Web of Conferences
The corrugated roofing sheet of UPVC polymer material is the potential material to replace common... more The corrugated roofing sheet of UPVC polymer material is the potential material to replace common roof materials that has been developed in Indonesia. This study describes the design of the roof profile and analysis of the roof structure to static load. The resulting roof profile is a hollow corrugated roofing sheet with five crests and four valleys. The effective width is 860 mm, 10 mm cavity thick, and 45 mm peak height. The finite element model of the hollow UPVC corrugated sheets roof structure shows that the roof structure is capable of withstanding the static load/ mass of 133 kg equivalent of two applicators and capable of withstanding the wind lift force equivalent to 99 km/ h.