Siti Shuhaida Shukor - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Siti Shuhaida Shukor
Journal of Nusantara Studies, Jun 30, 2022
Background and Purpose: ESL learners found themselves engulfed with extreme anxiety when it comes... more Background and Purpose: ESL learners found themselves engulfed with extreme anxiety when it comes to speaking in public. This study investigated the use of vlogs in managing anxiety between male and female undergraduate students and examined whether there is an interaction exists between both genders during the intervention that may influence the outcomes. Methodology: This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a total of N=53 (15 males, 38 females) ESL participants from one public university in Malaysia. Before and after the intervention, a set of 'Personal Report of Public Speaking Anxiety (PRPSA) questionnaires were administered. A 2x2 between subjects factorial ANCOVA (or two-way ANCOVA) was computed by controlling the pretest scores. After controlling for the pre-test as covariate, the two-way ANCOVA was performed to see if there was an interaction impact between gender (male vs female) and treatments (with and without vlogs) in terms of anxiety level scores. Findings: In comparison to the control group, the experimental group performed better with F(1, 48)=6.695, p<.05, which showed that undergraduate students in the experimental group displayed less anxiety when using vlogs as compared to the treatment group. However, there was no significant difference of gender influence on the effectiveness of vlogs on learners' anxiety with F(1, 48)=1.552, p>.05, Eta-squared = .03 when using vlogs. Nonetheless, there was a significant interaction between
Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice
This study aims to develop a reliable instrument measuring the assessment literacy of ESL teacher... more This study aims to develop a reliable instrument measuring the assessment literacy of ESL teachers through Exploratory Factor Analysis based on five constructs. A survey was administered to 200 secondary school ESL teachers. The study revealed that only 78 items with a cut-off point of above .60 from the factor loading are retained. Cronbach’s Alpha showed that the items retained are reliable. This study developed and validated an instrument to measure ESL teachers’ assessment literacy in the Malaysian context. An assessment literacy framework can be developed based on this research which will benefit the education field in Malaysia.
Studies in English language and education, Jan 31, 2023
In China, secondary school students studying at the vocational stream often struggle to keep up w... more In China, secondary school students studying at the vocational stream often struggle to keep up with English language learning. This study investigates the relationship between two types of motivation-extrinsic and intrinsic-towards the English language test performance of students from a secondary vocational school in Chongqing, China. A mixed-method research design was employed via a survey and a semi-structured interview. A total of 212 second-grade students at randomly selected secondary vocational schools completed the questionnaire. A correlational analysis was performed to discover if there was a relationship between students' extrinsic and intrinsic motivation towards their English performance. The results reveal that the intrinsic motivation was strongly correlated with the students' English performance with r=0.216, p<0.05, while the extrinsic motivation showed zero association with the students' English performance with r=0.125, p>0.05. A multiple linear regression analysis was also conducted to investigate the extent that students' intrinsic and extrinsic motivation predicted their English performance. However, the findings showed that the prediction was only 4.7%. To understand more about the explanation of the findings, a total of 12
University of Warwick, Mar 1, 2019
analysing data); and ethical considerations (process of asking permission and some raised issues)... more analysing data); and ethical considerations (process of asking permission and some raised issues). Chapter 4, 5 and 6 go on to report the findings. Quantitative data in the survey are presented descriptively in table formats based on CHAT framework. Qualitative data from the observations are reported using observation schedules whilst the interviews are analysed using thematic analysis and organised around CHAT as well. Chapter 7 provides the triangulated and reduced findings from both quantitative and qualitative data. These are also discussed based on CHAT elements: tool, subject, objects, rules, community, division of labour and outcomes. Three models derived from the CHAT framework are introduced and discussed. Finally, chapter 8 sets out the implications of the study findings both for practice and for future research. The chapter ends with a summary of all chapters, the recommendations, values and limitations of the study.
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences
In recent years, Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) has emerged as a widespread phenomenon ... more In recent years, Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) has emerged as a widespread phenomenon in education as well as in EFL/ESL teaching and learning context with its own set of foundations, techniques, and implications. Among the related studies, a continuous growth in the number of MALL vocabulary studies can be witnessed over the last few decades. To this end, the primary purpose of this study is to identify research hotspots and future trends in the available research literature on vocabulary learning using MALL from 2007 to 2022. A total of 229 articles on this topic were selected from the Scopus database and analysed using Vosviewer software. We used bibliometric methods to reveal document types and yearly distribution of the retrieved articles, the most productive countries and journals, the most used keywords, the most used words in title and abstract area, and the most cited publications and authors (citation & co-citation) in the studies over the 16-year period. Findings showed an increased number of studies from 2007 to 2022 have been published in this field but with a slight fluctuation in between 2012 and 2018. China (24 publications) took the top prominent lead among all countries, whilst the most productive journal in this area was Lecture Notes in Computer Science (11 publications) by Springer Publishing company. In terms of the most frequently used keywords, "Vocabulary Learning" (120 occurrence), "Mobile Assisted Language Learning" (114 occurrence) and "App" (40 occurrence) were the top three ranks, meanwhile "Effect" (62 occurrence), "System" (56 occurrence) and "Foreign Language" (46 occurrence) were the most used words in title and abstract field. Based on the citation and co-citation documents and authors network, the most frequently cited document was Chen & Chung (2008) with 271 citations, while Chen, C. M (citation) with 549 citations and Stockwell, G (co-citation) with 104 citations were the most influential authors. Consequently, this study displays the evolution of the literature and may serve as a guide for future research by comparing existing articles and indicating current research interest as well as future research trends on this topic.
THE ENGLISH TEACHER, Dec 31, 2021
Learning English as a second language has never been straightforward, especially when it requires... more Learning English as a second language has never been straightforward, especially when it requires the learners to speak in the target language during the lesson. Students have the tendency to keep quiet and refuse to communicate in English due to many factors. In encouraging students to speak in the target language during the class, many English language instructors have pursued new and interesting approaches. One of the approaches includes flipped classrooms. Flipped classroom allows students to learn the concepts of one particular topic at their own time and pace whilst spending the classroom session on hand-on activities. This study investigates students' perceptions of using flipped classroom approaches in their Communicative English classroom. The aim of this study was to determine whether a learning approach such as flipped classroom had any influence over students' attitudes and motivation. The participants of this study were 106 students at Taiping Community College. This study employed a quantitative research design via survey. Before gathering the students' opinion, the participants had experienced the flipped classroom approach during the Communicative English lesson. After that, a set of questionnaires were distributed to the participants and data were analyzed descriptively. Results revealed that most students had positive perceptions towards the use of flipped classrooms and were highly motivated to learn and had positive attitudes towards the implementation of the flipped classroom approach. This study provides insights for Malaysian community college lecturers to adopt flipped classroom approach in their teaching, especially in the Communicative English lesson.
Studies in English Language and Education
This study investigates the challenges encountered by Malaysian English language novice teachers ... more This study investigates the challenges encountered by Malaysian English language novice teachers throughout the initial years of their teaching. This study also explores the support received by these novice teachers at the beginning of their careers. The mixed-method research design was adopted for this study. A number of 80 novice teachers participated in the study. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey and an interview with five novice teachers. The findings indicated that the most frequent challenges faced by the novice English language teachers were (1) workload challenges, (2) instructional challenges, and (3) social status and identity challenges. The results also showed that the most frequent support received by the novice teachers was collegial support. Based on the findings, one of the most crucial issues to be addressed during the teacher training was equipping the novice teachers with the knowledge and skill in managing their multiple work and responsibilitie...
Studies in English Language and Education, 2021
Text comprehension will suffer if the readability level is not accessible to the students. Readab... more Text comprehension will suffer if the readability level is not accessible to the students. Readability formulas predict text complexity, assisting in appropriate text selection that complements students’ reading abilities to improve their language development. Therefore, the study aims to find out the reading index of the prose forms in the literature component catered to lower secondary school students ages 13 and 14 years old in Form One (seventh grade) and Form Two (eighth grade) classrooms in Malaysia. The reading index is measured by using four readability formulas which are Dale-Chall, Fog, SMOG, and Flesch-Kincaid that focuses on the words, sentences, syllables, and polysyllable words. These formulas are used to predict the level of difficulty of the prose forms. The reading index calculated from these readability formulas reveals the grade level of the prose forms. The grade level indicates the best age for reading and understanding the prose forms. Two prose forms were chos...
Studies in English language and education, Sep 16, 2021
There is no clear definition of what constitutes an ideal teacher educator, particularly from the... more There is no clear definition of what constitutes an ideal teacher educator, particularly from the perspective of Malaysian educators. Developing teacher educators' vision of an ideal teacher ensures that teachers have high levels of professional, personal, and contextual dimensions in teaching practices, including competence in the practice of professional teaching, knowledge, and understanding. Therefore, the objective of this study was to find out the range of visions of what it is to be a good teacher educator in a Malaysian teacher education institution. Seventeen teacher educators from an established university in Malaysia participated in the study. A survey consisting of eight questions was used as the research
This study investigated the effects of Facebook collaborative writing on a group of English as Se... more This study investigated the effects of Facebook collaborative writing on a group of English as Second Language (ESL) undergraduates'a writing participants of the study were 33 second year ESL undergraduates at the Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia. They were categorized into two groups i.e. experimental and comparison groups using the matching-only design. The experimental group was assigned to Facebook collaborative writing tasks while the comparison group was assigned with face-to-face tasks. Face-to-face is considered as the conventional method in this study. This study employed a quasi experimental design with quantitative data. Instruments of the study were pre- and post- writing tests, as well as a set of questionnaire. The fieldwork was conducted in one semester. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as mean scores, standard deviations, frequency and percentages while inferential statistics such as independent sample t-test ...
E-Learning and Digital Education in the Twenty-First Century [Working Title], 2021
The world witnessed the outbreak of the Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) with lockdowns that forced most s... more The world witnessed the outbreak of the Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) with lockdowns that forced most schools and other educational institutions to close down. Alternative approaches in the form of synchronous and asynchronous methods were adopted to ensure continuity in teaching and learning in this new norm of providing emergency remote education. This chapter aims at presenting preservice and in-service teachers’ views on using synchronous versus asynchronous teaching and learning methods during the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia. Data were elicited from three groups of preservice teachers and one group of in-service teachers from three different courses in one teacher education university in Malaysia. Implementation of the e-learning approaches including synchronous and asynchronous sessions was planned carefully based on the course learning outcomes. Important elements such as identification of the learning platform, delivering and conveying information to preservice teachers about th...
Journal of Nusantara Studies (JONUS)
Background and Purpose: ESL learners found themselves engulfed with extreme anxiety when it comes... more Background and Purpose: ESL learners found themselves engulfed with extreme anxiety when it comes to speaking in public. This study investigated the use of vlogs in managing anxiety between male and female undergraduate students and examined whether there is an interaction exists between both genders during the intervention that may influence the outcomes. Methodology: This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a total of N=53 (15 males, 38 females) ESL participants from one public university in Malaysia. Before and after the intervention, a set of 'Personal Report of Public Speaking Anxiety (PRPSA) questionnaires were administered. A 2x2 between subjects factorial ANCOVA (or two-way ANCOVA) was computed by controlling the pre-test scores. After controlling for the pre-test as covariate, the two-way ANCOVA was performed to see if there was an interaction impact between gender (male vs female) and treatments (with and without vlogs) in terms of anxiety level scores. ...
Conventional collaborative writing requires writers to end files back and fourth between authors ... more Conventional collaborative writing requires writers to end files back and fourth between authors and this has resulted redundant effort, caused unnecessary delays and left people frustrated with the whole idea of collaboration. With the emergence of Web 2.0 tools such as social networking sites has changed the way we establish collaboration in the 21 st century. This paper explores on the perceptions of UPM ESL undergraduate students on the effectiveness of Facebook as a collaborative writing tool. This research adopted a quasi experimental design with a total number of 33 participants who took part in the study. Out of 33 participants, 16 of them were delegated into an experimental group, meanwhile another 17 participants were categorised in a comparison group by using a matching-only design. Facebook, as the treatment in this study was compared to a conventional method; face-to-face in the collaborative writing activities. The comparison between the use of Facebook and face-to-fac...
International Journal of English Language Education, 2014
The Integration Of Multimedia Elements In …, 2010
: The integration of multimedia in classroom teaching has brought education into one step higher ... more : The integration of multimedia in classroom teaching has brought education into one step higher from the traditional technique or better known as chalk and talk teaching method to a more interactive and interesting teaching and learning process. The aim of this study ...
Journal of Nusantara Studies, Jun 30, 2022
Background and Purpose: ESL learners found themselves engulfed with extreme anxiety when it comes... more Background and Purpose: ESL learners found themselves engulfed with extreme anxiety when it comes to speaking in public. This study investigated the use of vlogs in managing anxiety between male and female undergraduate students and examined whether there is an interaction exists between both genders during the intervention that may influence the outcomes. Methodology: This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a total of N=53 (15 males, 38 females) ESL participants from one public university in Malaysia. Before and after the intervention, a set of 'Personal Report of Public Speaking Anxiety (PRPSA) questionnaires were administered. A 2x2 between subjects factorial ANCOVA (or two-way ANCOVA) was computed by controlling the pretest scores. After controlling for the pre-test as covariate, the two-way ANCOVA was performed to see if there was an interaction impact between gender (male vs female) and treatments (with and without vlogs) in terms of anxiety level scores. Findings: In comparison to the control group, the experimental group performed better with F(1, 48)=6.695, p<.05, which showed that undergraduate students in the experimental group displayed less anxiety when using vlogs as compared to the treatment group. However, there was no significant difference of gender influence on the effectiveness of vlogs on learners' anxiety with F(1, 48)=1.552, p>.05, Eta-squared = .03 when using vlogs. Nonetheless, there was a significant interaction between
Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice
This study aims to develop a reliable instrument measuring the assessment literacy of ESL teacher... more This study aims to develop a reliable instrument measuring the assessment literacy of ESL teachers through Exploratory Factor Analysis based on five constructs. A survey was administered to 200 secondary school ESL teachers. The study revealed that only 78 items with a cut-off point of above .60 from the factor loading are retained. Cronbach’s Alpha showed that the items retained are reliable. This study developed and validated an instrument to measure ESL teachers’ assessment literacy in the Malaysian context. An assessment literacy framework can be developed based on this research which will benefit the education field in Malaysia.
Studies in English language and education, Jan 31, 2023
In China, secondary school students studying at the vocational stream often struggle to keep up w... more In China, secondary school students studying at the vocational stream often struggle to keep up with English language learning. This study investigates the relationship between two types of motivation-extrinsic and intrinsic-towards the English language test performance of students from a secondary vocational school in Chongqing, China. A mixed-method research design was employed via a survey and a semi-structured interview. A total of 212 second-grade students at randomly selected secondary vocational schools completed the questionnaire. A correlational analysis was performed to discover if there was a relationship between students' extrinsic and intrinsic motivation towards their English performance. The results reveal that the intrinsic motivation was strongly correlated with the students' English performance with r=0.216, p<0.05, while the extrinsic motivation showed zero association with the students' English performance with r=0.125, p>0.05. A multiple linear regression analysis was also conducted to investigate the extent that students' intrinsic and extrinsic motivation predicted their English performance. However, the findings showed that the prediction was only 4.7%. To understand more about the explanation of the findings, a total of 12
University of Warwick, Mar 1, 2019
analysing data); and ethical considerations (process of asking permission and some raised issues)... more analysing data); and ethical considerations (process of asking permission and some raised issues). Chapter 4, 5 and 6 go on to report the findings. Quantitative data in the survey are presented descriptively in table formats based on CHAT framework. Qualitative data from the observations are reported using observation schedules whilst the interviews are analysed using thematic analysis and organised around CHAT as well. Chapter 7 provides the triangulated and reduced findings from both quantitative and qualitative data. These are also discussed based on CHAT elements: tool, subject, objects, rules, community, division of labour and outcomes. Three models derived from the CHAT framework are introduced and discussed. Finally, chapter 8 sets out the implications of the study findings both for practice and for future research. The chapter ends with a summary of all chapters, the recommendations, values and limitations of the study.
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences
In recent years, Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) has emerged as a widespread phenomenon ... more In recent years, Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) has emerged as a widespread phenomenon in education as well as in EFL/ESL teaching and learning context with its own set of foundations, techniques, and implications. Among the related studies, a continuous growth in the number of MALL vocabulary studies can be witnessed over the last few decades. To this end, the primary purpose of this study is to identify research hotspots and future trends in the available research literature on vocabulary learning using MALL from 2007 to 2022. A total of 229 articles on this topic were selected from the Scopus database and analysed using Vosviewer software. We used bibliometric methods to reveal document types and yearly distribution of the retrieved articles, the most productive countries and journals, the most used keywords, the most used words in title and abstract area, and the most cited publications and authors (citation & co-citation) in the studies over the 16-year period. Findings showed an increased number of studies from 2007 to 2022 have been published in this field but with a slight fluctuation in between 2012 and 2018. China (24 publications) took the top prominent lead among all countries, whilst the most productive journal in this area was Lecture Notes in Computer Science (11 publications) by Springer Publishing company. In terms of the most frequently used keywords, "Vocabulary Learning" (120 occurrence), "Mobile Assisted Language Learning" (114 occurrence) and "App" (40 occurrence) were the top three ranks, meanwhile "Effect" (62 occurrence), "System" (56 occurrence) and "Foreign Language" (46 occurrence) were the most used words in title and abstract field. Based on the citation and co-citation documents and authors network, the most frequently cited document was Chen & Chung (2008) with 271 citations, while Chen, C. M (citation) with 549 citations and Stockwell, G (co-citation) with 104 citations were the most influential authors. Consequently, this study displays the evolution of the literature and may serve as a guide for future research by comparing existing articles and indicating current research interest as well as future research trends on this topic.
THE ENGLISH TEACHER, Dec 31, 2021
Learning English as a second language has never been straightforward, especially when it requires... more Learning English as a second language has never been straightforward, especially when it requires the learners to speak in the target language during the lesson. Students have the tendency to keep quiet and refuse to communicate in English due to many factors. In encouraging students to speak in the target language during the class, many English language instructors have pursued new and interesting approaches. One of the approaches includes flipped classrooms. Flipped classroom allows students to learn the concepts of one particular topic at their own time and pace whilst spending the classroom session on hand-on activities. This study investigates students' perceptions of using flipped classroom approaches in their Communicative English classroom. The aim of this study was to determine whether a learning approach such as flipped classroom had any influence over students' attitudes and motivation. The participants of this study were 106 students at Taiping Community College. This study employed a quantitative research design via survey. Before gathering the students' opinion, the participants had experienced the flipped classroom approach during the Communicative English lesson. After that, a set of questionnaires were distributed to the participants and data were analyzed descriptively. Results revealed that most students had positive perceptions towards the use of flipped classrooms and were highly motivated to learn and had positive attitudes towards the implementation of the flipped classroom approach. This study provides insights for Malaysian community college lecturers to adopt flipped classroom approach in their teaching, especially in the Communicative English lesson.
Studies in English Language and Education
This study investigates the challenges encountered by Malaysian English language novice teachers ... more This study investigates the challenges encountered by Malaysian English language novice teachers throughout the initial years of their teaching. This study also explores the support received by these novice teachers at the beginning of their careers. The mixed-method research design was adopted for this study. A number of 80 novice teachers participated in the study. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey and an interview with five novice teachers. The findings indicated that the most frequent challenges faced by the novice English language teachers were (1) workload challenges, (2) instructional challenges, and (3) social status and identity challenges. The results also showed that the most frequent support received by the novice teachers was collegial support. Based on the findings, one of the most crucial issues to be addressed during the teacher training was equipping the novice teachers with the knowledge and skill in managing their multiple work and responsibilitie...
Studies in English Language and Education, 2021
Text comprehension will suffer if the readability level is not accessible to the students. Readab... more Text comprehension will suffer if the readability level is not accessible to the students. Readability formulas predict text complexity, assisting in appropriate text selection that complements students’ reading abilities to improve their language development. Therefore, the study aims to find out the reading index of the prose forms in the literature component catered to lower secondary school students ages 13 and 14 years old in Form One (seventh grade) and Form Two (eighth grade) classrooms in Malaysia. The reading index is measured by using four readability formulas which are Dale-Chall, Fog, SMOG, and Flesch-Kincaid that focuses on the words, sentences, syllables, and polysyllable words. These formulas are used to predict the level of difficulty of the prose forms. The reading index calculated from these readability formulas reveals the grade level of the prose forms. The grade level indicates the best age for reading and understanding the prose forms. Two prose forms were chos...
Studies in English language and education, Sep 16, 2021
There is no clear definition of what constitutes an ideal teacher educator, particularly from the... more There is no clear definition of what constitutes an ideal teacher educator, particularly from the perspective of Malaysian educators. Developing teacher educators' vision of an ideal teacher ensures that teachers have high levels of professional, personal, and contextual dimensions in teaching practices, including competence in the practice of professional teaching, knowledge, and understanding. Therefore, the objective of this study was to find out the range of visions of what it is to be a good teacher educator in a Malaysian teacher education institution. Seventeen teacher educators from an established university in Malaysia participated in the study. A survey consisting of eight questions was used as the research
This study investigated the effects of Facebook collaborative writing on a group of English as Se... more This study investigated the effects of Facebook collaborative writing on a group of English as Second Language (ESL) undergraduates'a writing participants of the study were 33 second year ESL undergraduates at the Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia. They were categorized into two groups i.e. experimental and comparison groups using the matching-only design. The experimental group was assigned to Facebook collaborative writing tasks while the comparison group was assigned with face-to-face tasks. Face-to-face is considered as the conventional method in this study. This study employed a quasi experimental design with quantitative data. Instruments of the study were pre- and post- writing tests, as well as a set of questionnaire. The fieldwork was conducted in one semester. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as mean scores, standard deviations, frequency and percentages while inferential statistics such as independent sample t-test ...
E-Learning and Digital Education in the Twenty-First Century [Working Title], 2021
The world witnessed the outbreak of the Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) with lockdowns that forced most s... more The world witnessed the outbreak of the Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) with lockdowns that forced most schools and other educational institutions to close down. Alternative approaches in the form of synchronous and asynchronous methods were adopted to ensure continuity in teaching and learning in this new norm of providing emergency remote education. This chapter aims at presenting preservice and in-service teachers’ views on using synchronous versus asynchronous teaching and learning methods during the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia. Data were elicited from three groups of preservice teachers and one group of in-service teachers from three different courses in one teacher education university in Malaysia. Implementation of the e-learning approaches including synchronous and asynchronous sessions was planned carefully based on the course learning outcomes. Important elements such as identification of the learning platform, delivering and conveying information to preservice teachers about th...
Journal of Nusantara Studies (JONUS)
Background and Purpose: ESL learners found themselves engulfed with extreme anxiety when it comes... more Background and Purpose: ESL learners found themselves engulfed with extreme anxiety when it comes to speaking in public. This study investigated the use of vlogs in managing anxiety between male and female undergraduate students and examined whether there is an interaction exists between both genders during the intervention that may influence the outcomes. Methodology: This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a total of N=53 (15 males, 38 females) ESL participants from one public university in Malaysia. Before and after the intervention, a set of 'Personal Report of Public Speaking Anxiety (PRPSA) questionnaires were administered. A 2x2 between subjects factorial ANCOVA (or two-way ANCOVA) was computed by controlling the pre-test scores. After controlling for the pre-test as covariate, the two-way ANCOVA was performed to see if there was an interaction impact between gender (male vs female) and treatments (with and without vlogs) in terms of anxiety level scores. ...
Conventional collaborative writing requires writers to end files back and fourth between authors ... more Conventional collaborative writing requires writers to end files back and fourth between authors and this has resulted redundant effort, caused unnecessary delays and left people frustrated with the whole idea of collaboration. With the emergence of Web 2.0 tools such as social networking sites has changed the way we establish collaboration in the 21 st century. This paper explores on the perceptions of UPM ESL undergraduate students on the effectiveness of Facebook as a collaborative writing tool. This research adopted a quasi experimental design with a total number of 33 participants who took part in the study. Out of 33 participants, 16 of them were delegated into an experimental group, meanwhile another 17 participants were categorised in a comparison group by using a matching-only design. Facebook, as the treatment in this study was compared to a conventional method; face-to-face in the collaborative writing activities. The comparison between the use of Facebook and face-to-fac...
International Journal of English Language Education, 2014
The Integration Of Multimedia Elements In …, 2010
: The integration of multimedia in classroom teaching has brought education into one step higher ... more : The integration of multimedia in classroom teaching has brought education into one step higher from the traditional technique or better known as chalk and talk teaching method to a more interactive and interesting teaching and learning process. The aim of this study ...