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Papers by Siraj Khan

Journal of the Chilean Chemical Society, 2011

A convenient ultrasound assisted synthesis of new anti-bacterial N-benzylidene-N'-(1-methyl-2, 2-... more A convenient ultrasound assisted synthesis of new anti-bacterial N-benzylidene-N'-(1-methyl-2, 2-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-2λ 6-benzo[c][1,2]thiazin-4-ylidene)hydrazines from methyl anthranilate is reported. Methyl anthranilate was reacted with methane sulfonyl chloride, followed by N-alkylation and subsequent base catalyzed cyclization. Hydrazinolysis of the cyclized products followed by their ultrasound mediated condensations with different benzaldehydes yielded the title compounds. Some of these compounds showed good anti-bacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus.

International Journal of Agriculture and Nutrition

The Pharma Innovation Journal, 2018

The present study involves ten different medicinal plants Acacia Ailanthus altissima, Ajuga bract... more The present study involves ten different medicinal plants Acacia Ailanthus altissima, Ajuga bracteosa, Bergenia ciliate, Amaranthus viridis, Chenopodium album and Berberis lycium locally available in Swat Malam jaba region of Pakistan. The leaves of the selected medicinal plants were washed, air dried and then powdered. The methanolic, ethanolic and chloroform extracts of leaf samples were used for the phytochemical analysis to find out the phytochemical constituents in the plants and antifungal activities. The results showed that alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, phlobatannins, saponins, phenols, terpenoids, tannins, cardiac glycosides was found in methanolic and ethanolic extracts, while alkaloids, phlobatannins and glycosides were found in the chloroform extracts. Flavonoids, carbohydrates, saponins, phenols, terpenoids and protein were found present in chloroform extracts. The antifungal activities showed that the most active among the plants was Ajuga bracteosa with 17.41 mm zone of inhibition against Trichoderma followed by Berberis lycium against Verticellium with 17.37 mm zone of inhibition, Bergenia ciliate against Verticellium with zone of inhibition of 16.62 mm. Ailanthus altissima was most active against Acremonium with 14.50 mm of zone of inhibition.

The Six medicinal plants species Rumex dentatus L., Rumex hastatus L., Verbascum Thapsus L, Solan... more The Six medicinal plants species Rumex dentatus L., Rumex hastatus L., Verbascum Thapsus L, Solanum nigrum L., Canabis sativa Linn, and Convolulus arvensis L. were collected from the mountain of Arrang Sari ghar War affected area of Bajaur agency, Pakistan. The selected medicinal plants leaves were washed, air dried and then powdered. The methanolic, ethanolic and chloroform extract of leaf samples were used for the phytochemical investigation both (qualitative and quantative) and antibacterial activity. The key objective of the present work was to check the antibacterial activity and presence or absence of the phytochemical constituents of all the selected medicinal plants. The results of the phytochemical investigation of these medicinal plants showed that the alkaloids, Phlobatannins, tannins, flavonoids, carbohydrates, phenols, saponin, cardiac glycosides, proteins, glycosides and terpenoids were found to be present in all selected medicinal plants. Highest amount of phenol was ...

JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization, 2017

Today, heart diseases have become one of the leading causes of deaths in nationwide. The best pre... more Today, heart diseases have become one of the leading causes of deaths in nationwide. The best prevention for this disease is to have an early system that can predict the early symptoms which can save more life. Recently research in data mining had gained a lot of attention and had been used in different kind of applications including in medical. The use of data mining techniques can help researchers in predicting the probability of getting heart diseases among susceptible patients. Among prior studies, several researchers articulated their efforts for finding a best possible technique for heart disease prediction model. This study aims to draw a comparison among different algorithms used to predict heart diseases. The results of this paper will helps towards developing an understanding of the recent methodologies used for heart disease prediction models. This paper presents analysis results of significant data mining techniques that can be used in developing highly accurate and effi...

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Apr 18, 2022

Context: Natural antioxidants are vital to promote health and treat critical diseased conditions ... more Context: Natural antioxidants are vital to promote health and treat critical diseased conditions in the modern healthcare system.

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, 2021

Objective:The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a global pandemic with no therapy, and pharm... more Objective:The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a global pandemic with no therapy, and pharmacists being a part of the health care system have a vital role in the management of COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of community pharmacists (CPs) regarding COVID-19.Method:An online survey was conducted among 393 CPs in 2 provinces of Pakistan during the lockdown period. A validated questionnaire (Cronbach’s alpha, 0.745) was used for data collection. All statistical analyses were analyzed by using SPSS, version 21 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY).Results:Among 393 participants, 71.5% (n = 281) had good knowledge, 44% (n = 175) had a positive attitude, and 57.3% (n = 225) had good practices regarding COVID-19. Social media (45.29%, n = 178) were reported as the main source to seek information of COVID-19. Good knowledge, age ≥ 26 years, and a PhD degree level were the substantial determinants (P= < 0.05) of a good attitude. Similarly, a ...

Wildlife Biology in Practice, 2013

This paper outlines the abundance of the three main canid species including gray wolf (Canis lupu... more This paper outlines the abundance of the three main canid species including gray wolf (Canis lupus), jackal (Canis aureus), and red fox (Vulpes vulpes) ascertained through camera trapping, questionnaire surveys and pastoralist experience of wolf in the Hindu Kush Mountain Range, Chitral, Pakistan. The study is the first ever attempt to debate on the status of canids since, 1970s. Using the photo capture rate (RAI), we confirmed the occurrence of the three species in the study sites, which include the protected areas and buffer zones of District Chitral. Trapping effort of 880 trap days resulted in the cumulative canid capture rate of 23.18. Overall capture rate of red fox was high (RAI=11.4), followed by jackal (RAI=9.3) and wolf (RAI=3.5). Maximum pack size of wolf captured was three and that of jackal was four individuals snapped in a single capture, while red fox was found to be solitary during this study. Furthermore, red fox was most nocturnal out of the three canids, while both wolf and jackal were found to be crepuscular species. The high capture rate (79.7%) of human with livestock coupled with increased predation of livestock by wolf (1.09losses/household/year) is a major warning to the survival of this large canid. Majority (70.17%) of the pastoralist community perceived wolf as most dangerous to livestock and wanted to reduce or eliminate (n=207; 86.97%) the species, highly suggestive that appropriate conservation measures are required to ensure the survival of wolf in the longer run.

International Journal of Horticulture and Food Science

A List of plant species of Bajaur District was set on the basis of field trips conducted in diffe... more A List of plant species of Bajaur District was set on the basis of field trips conducted in different parts of the year 2018, mostly in, summer, monsoon and winter. The flora comprised of 167 plant species belonging to 40 families. The leading families are Lamiaceae, Solanaceae and Asteraceae, which have 16 species, followed by Mimosaceae and Euphorbiaceae, 11 Zygophyllaceae 8 and Moraceae, with 7 species.

International Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Science, 2018

Phytochemicals are mainly divided into groups like secondary and primary constituents on the basi... more Phytochemicals are mainly divided into groups like secondary and primary constituents on the basis of their metabolic function in plants. Primary constituents contain amino acid, proteins chlorophyll, and common sugars whereas secondary constituents contain saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins.The subsequent method was used for the determination of antimicrobial activity. Oxalis corniculata ethanolic extract were 17.5±2.5, 19 ± 0.5 and 15 ± 0.1 against the fungus, (C. albican) Gram positive bacterium (S. aureus) and negative bacterium (E. coli), respectively. Rumex dentatus extract in the same solvent made the 22±0.2, 18± 0.1 and 18±0.1 mm zones of inhibition against the fungus (C. albicans) Gram positive bacterium (S. aureus) and negative bacterium (E. coli), respectively. In addition to this, the extract Tagetes minuta made the 22±0.2, 20±0.2 and 18±0.2 mm zones of inhibition against the fungus (C. albicans) Gram positive bacterium (B. subtilis) and negative bacterium (E. coli), respectively. In other words, the order of inhibitory potential was Cichorium intybus > Medicago sativa > Tagetes minuta > Rumex dentatus >Oxalis corniculata. Ethanolic extract was more effective followed by methanolic, ethyl acetate, hexane and aqueous extracts. Ethanol was more effective followed by methanol, ethyl acetate, hexane and aqueous extracts. Gram positive bacteria were more resistant followed by Gram negative bacteria and fungi

International Journal of Horticulture and Food Science

A List of plant species of Bajaur District was set on the basis of field trips conducted in diffe... more A List of plant species of Bajaur District was set on the basis of field trips conducted in different parts of the year 2018, mostly in, summer, monsoon and winter. The flora comprised of 167 plant species belonging to 40 families. The leading families are Lamiaceae, Solanaceae and Asteraceae, which have 16 species, followed by Mimosaceae and Euphorbiaceae, 11 Zygophyllaceae 8 and Moraceae, with 7 species.

Indian Journal of Medical Research, 2016

Indian journal of Medical Biochemistry, 2017

ABSTRACTIntroductionHeart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome characterized by cardiac pump failu... more ABSTRACTIntroductionHeart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome characterized by cardiac pump failure with signs and symptoms arising from salt and water retention. Heart failure is associated with considerable mortality and morbidity. Identification of modifiable risk factors may reduce incidence of HF and its complications. The aim of our study is to assess parathyroid hormone (PTH) as a risk marker for HF and its association with severity of HF.Materials and methodsIn this cross-sectional study, 120 subjects with HF were recruited and they were compared with 60 age- and sex-matched controls. Along with the routine parameters, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), intact PTH, and vitamin D were estimated. The study group was divided into quartiles depending on PTH value.ResultsThe median PTH (81.5 pg/mL) and NT-proBNP (3753 pg/mL) in HF patients are found to be significantly higher (p < 0.0001) when compared with control subjects. The median vitamin D concentrati...

Microscopy Research and Technique, 2022

Abstract Palynological characterization is considered to be one of the significant taxonomic to... more Abstract
Palynological characterization is considered to be one of the significant taxonomic
tools for the delimitation and identification of morphologically complicated taxa.
Hence, the pollen morphology of 12 species of spineless Astragalus L. was examined
using light and scanning electron microscopy. Studied pollen were small to medium,
monad, prolate to per-prolate and tricolporate type in all studied taxa. The exine
sculpturing varied from reticulate to microreticulate whereas colpus ornamentation
ranged from scabrate to granulate. Furthermore, maximum polar and equatorial diameter was recorded in Astragalus leucocephalus Bunge. (45.00 μm) and A. pyrrhotrichus Boiss. (22.91 μm) while minimum in A. amherstianus Benth. ex Royle (28.75 μm) and A. amherstianus Benth. ex Royle (15.00 μm), respectively. Similarly, the ratio of polar to equatorial diameter was recorded maximum in A. ophiocarpus Boiss. (2.05). The width of colpi was larger in A. hamosus L. (1.29 μm) and smaller in A. ophiocarpus Boiss. (0.62 μm). We have also found the maximum value of mesocolpium in A. retamocarpus Boiss. (2.08 μm) while minimum in A. oxyglottis Steven ex M.Bieb. (1.87 μm). The quantitative pollen attributes helped in the development of pollen keys for the accurate and quick identification of the studied species. Furthermore, ordination and cluster analysis were performed for the differentiation of the investigated taxa at species level. Based on our results, we conclude that pollen features can be used for the delimitation and identification of the studied taxa.

Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2018

We investigated the scientific base for its traditional use in pain, inflammation, antioxidant an... more We investigated the scientific base for its traditional use in pain, inflammation, antioxidant and phytochemicals potential of Dryopteris blanfordii. The powdered plant was extracted by the method of cold maceration using (methanol, ethanol and aqueous) as solvents. The acetic acid induced writhing test model was used for analgesic activity. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by carrageenan-induced mice paw edema. For antioxidant activity we used 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and reducing power assay method respectively. In qualitative analysis, the phytochemical compounds such as carbohydrates, alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and quinine were screened by using standard methods. In analgesic activity after the injection of ethanolic extract at a dose of 300mg/kg the writhing was reduced to (21±0.13) /5 minutes and showed 45% inhibition, compared with standard drug aspirin which reduced to (14±0.21) /5 minutes and having 40.43% inhibition. The anti-inf...

Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2018

Microscopy Research and Technique

The aim of the present study is to investigate the pollen morphology of melliferous plant taxa of... more The aim of the present study is to investigate the pollen morphology of melliferous plant taxa of Southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa‐Pakistan. Using light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), the palynological study of 18 species of melliferous plants namely Calendula arvensis, Cenchrus pennisetiformis, Citrullus colocynthis, Cucumis melo subsp. agrestis var. agrestis, Cucurbita maxima, Cymbopogon jwarancusa, Cynodon dectylon, Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Helianthus annus, Lagenaria siceraria, Launaea procumbens, Luffa cylindrica, Pennisetum glaucum, Saccharum spontaneum, Sonchus asper, Verbesina encelioides, Xanthium strumarium, and Zea mays was carried out. Both qualitative and quantitative characteristics of pollen were studied. Variations were observed in pollen morphology. The dominant pollen shape was prolate‐spheroidal (11 species). All the pollen units were monad. The highest exine thickness was found in Citrullus colocynthis (8.45 μm). The maximum polar and equatorial diameter (102 and 97.55 μm) was found in Luffa cylindrica. Similarly, the highest P/E ratio was found in Cucurbita maxima (1.46). Most of the species showed tricolpate and monoporate type of pollen. The exine sculpturing, number of spines per pollen and between colpi and the pollen fertility and sterility provided significant results for the documentation of melliferous plants. Thus, the information listed in this article will prove helpful to identify the potential melliferous plants in the area, geographical origin of the honey, and the availability of pure honey in the local and international market.

International Journal of Advanced Research

We investigated the scientific base for its traditional use in pain, inflammation, antioxidant an... more We investigated the scientific base for its traditional use in pain, inflammation, antioxidant and phytochemicals potential of Dryopteris blanfordii. The powdered plant was extracted by the method of cold maceration using (methanol, ethanol and aqueous) as solvents. The acetic acid induced writhing test model was used for analgesic activity. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by carrageenan-induced mice paw edema. For antioxidant activity we used 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and reducing power assay method respectively. In qualitative analysis, the phytochemical compounds such as carbohydrates, alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and quinine were screened by using standard methods. In analgesic activity after the injection of ethanolic extract at a dose of 300mg/kg the writhing was reduced to (21±0.13) /5 minutes and showed 45% inhibition, compared with standard drug aspirin which reduced to (14±0.21) /5 minutes and having 40.43% inhibition. The anti-inflammatory activity at a dose of 300 mg/kg during drug administration after four hours showed significant different which compared with standard drug diclofenac sodium (10mg/kg) and 100, 200mg/kg. High dose at 300mg/kg reduced (1.04±0.03) after the 4 th hours and standard drug diclofenac sodium reduced (0.08±0.04) after 4 th hours. The maximum rate of inhibition of antioxidant was observed in the methanolic extract. In the qualitative analysis of the ethanol extract showed highest amount of phenols. We concluded that the D.blanfordii plant showed high potential of inflammation, antioxidant and biochemical compounds.

Journal of the Chilean Chemical Society, 2011

A convenient ultrasound assisted synthesis of new anti-bacterial N-benzylidene-N'-(1-methyl-2, 2-... more A convenient ultrasound assisted synthesis of new anti-bacterial N-benzylidene-N'-(1-methyl-2, 2-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-2λ 6-benzo[c][1,2]thiazin-4-ylidene)hydrazines from methyl anthranilate is reported. Methyl anthranilate was reacted with methane sulfonyl chloride, followed by N-alkylation and subsequent base catalyzed cyclization. Hydrazinolysis of the cyclized products followed by their ultrasound mediated condensations with different benzaldehydes yielded the title compounds. Some of these compounds showed good anti-bacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus.

International Journal of Agriculture and Nutrition

The Pharma Innovation Journal, 2018

The present study involves ten different medicinal plants Acacia Ailanthus altissima, Ajuga bract... more The present study involves ten different medicinal plants Acacia Ailanthus altissima, Ajuga bracteosa, Bergenia ciliate, Amaranthus viridis, Chenopodium album and Berberis lycium locally available in Swat Malam jaba region of Pakistan. The leaves of the selected medicinal plants were washed, air dried and then powdered. The methanolic, ethanolic and chloroform extracts of leaf samples were used for the phytochemical analysis to find out the phytochemical constituents in the plants and antifungal activities. The results showed that alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, phlobatannins, saponins, phenols, terpenoids, tannins, cardiac glycosides was found in methanolic and ethanolic extracts, while alkaloids, phlobatannins and glycosides were found in the chloroform extracts. Flavonoids, carbohydrates, saponins, phenols, terpenoids and protein were found present in chloroform extracts. The antifungal activities showed that the most active among the plants was Ajuga bracteosa with 17.41 mm zone of inhibition against Trichoderma followed by Berberis lycium against Verticellium with 17.37 mm zone of inhibition, Bergenia ciliate against Verticellium with zone of inhibition of 16.62 mm. Ailanthus altissima was most active against Acremonium with 14.50 mm of zone of inhibition.

The Six medicinal plants species Rumex dentatus L., Rumex hastatus L., Verbascum Thapsus L, Solan... more The Six medicinal plants species Rumex dentatus L., Rumex hastatus L., Verbascum Thapsus L, Solanum nigrum L., Canabis sativa Linn, and Convolulus arvensis L. were collected from the mountain of Arrang Sari ghar War affected area of Bajaur agency, Pakistan. The selected medicinal plants leaves were washed, air dried and then powdered. The methanolic, ethanolic and chloroform extract of leaf samples were used for the phytochemical investigation both (qualitative and quantative) and antibacterial activity. The key objective of the present work was to check the antibacterial activity and presence or absence of the phytochemical constituents of all the selected medicinal plants. The results of the phytochemical investigation of these medicinal plants showed that the alkaloids, Phlobatannins, tannins, flavonoids, carbohydrates, phenols, saponin, cardiac glycosides, proteins, glycosides and terpenoids were found to be present in all selected medicinal plants. Highest amount of phenol was ...

JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization, 2017

Today, heart diseases have become one of the leading causes of deaths in nationwide. The best pre... more Today, heart diseases have become one of the leading causes of deaths in nationwide. The best prevention for this disease is to have an early system that can predict the early symptoms which can save more life. Recently research in data mining had gained a lot of attention and had been used in different kind of applications including in medical. The use of data mining techniques can help researchers in predicting the probability of getting heart diseases among susceptible patients. Among prior studies, several researchers articulated their efforts for finding a best possible technique for heart disease prediction model. This study aims to draw a comparison among different algorithms used to predict heart diseases. The results of this paper will helps towards developing an understanding of the recent methodologies used for heart disease prediction models. This paper presents analysis results of significant data mining techniques that can be used in developing highly accurate and effi...

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Apr 18, 2022

Context: Natural antioxidants are vital to promote health and treat critical diseased conditions ... more Context: Natural antioxidants are vital to promote health and treat critical diseased conditions in the modern healthcare system.

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, 2021

Objective:The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a global pandemic with no therapy, and pharm... more Objective:The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a global pandemic with no therapy, and pharmacists being a part of the health care system have a vital role in the management of COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of community pharmacists (CPs) regarding COVID-19.Method:An online survey was conducted among 393 CPs in 2 provinces of Pakistan during the lockdown period. A validated questionnaire (Cronbach’s alpha, 0.745) was used for data collection. All statistical analyses were analyzed by using SPSS, version 21 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY).Results:Among 393 participants, 71.5% (n = 281) had good knowledge, 44% (n = 175) had a positive attitude, and 57.3% (n = 225) had good practices regarding COVID-19. Social media (45.29%, n = 178) were reported as the main source to seek information of COVID-19. Good knowledge, age ≥ 26 years, and a PhD degree level were the substantial determinants (P= < 0.05) of a good attitude. Similarly, a ...

Wildlife Biology in Practice, 2013

This paper outlines the abundance of the three main canid species including gray wolf (Canis lupu... more This paper outlines the abundance of the three main canid species including gray wolf (Canis lupus), jackal (Canis aureus), and red fox (Vulpes vulpes) ascertained through camera trapping, questionnaire surveys and pastoralist experience of wolf in the Hindu Kush Mountain Range, Chitral, Pakistan. The study is the first ever attempt to debate on the status of canids since, 1970s. Using the photo capture rate (RAI), we confirmed the occurrence of the three species in the study sites, which include the protected areas and buffer zones of District Chitral. Trapping effort of 880 trap days resulted in the cumulative canid capture rate of 23.18. Overall capture rate of red fox was high (RAI=11.4), followed by jackal (RAI=9.3) and wolf (RAI=3.5). Maximum pack size of wolf captured was three and that of jackal was four individuals snapped in a single capture, while red fox was found to be solitary during this study. Furthermore, red fox was most nocturnal out of the three canids, while both wolf and jackal were found to be crepuscular species. The high capture rate (79.7%) of human with livestock coupled with increased predation of livestock by wolf (1.09losses/household/year) is a major warning to the survival of this large canid. Majority (70.17%) of the pastoralist community perceived wolf as most dangerous to livestock and wanted to reduce or eliminate (n=207; 86.97%) the species, highly suggestive that appropriate conservation measures are required to ensure the survival of wolf in the longer run.

International Journal of Horticulture and Food Science

A List of plant species of Bajaur District was set on the basis of field trips conducted in diffe... more A List of plant species of Bajaur District was set on the basis of field trips conducted in different parts of the year 2018, mostly in, summer, monsoon and winter. The flora comprised of 167 plant species belonging to 40 families. The leading families are Lamiaceae, Solanaceae and Asteraceae, which have 16 species, followed by Mimosaceae and Euphorbiaceae, 11 Zygophyllaceae 8 and Moraceae, with 7 species.

International Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Science, 2018

Phytochemicals are mainly divided into groups like secondary and primary constituents on the basi... more Phytochemicals are mainly divided into groups like secondary and primary constituents on the basis of their metabolic function in plants. Primary constituents contain amino acid, proteins chlorophyll, and common sugars whereas secondary constituents contain saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins.The subsequent method was used for the determination of antimicrobial activity. Oxalis corniculata ethanolic extract were 17.5±2.5, 19 ± 0.5 and 15 ± 0.1 against the fungus, (C. albican) Gram positive bacterium (S. aureus) and negative bacterium (E. coli), respectively. Rumex dentatus extract in the same solvent made the 22±0.2, 18± 0.1 and 18±0.1 mm zones of inhibition against the fungus (C. albicans) Gram positive bacterium (S. aureus) and negative bacterium (E. coli), respectively. In addition to this, the extract Tagetes minuta made the 22±0.2, 20±0.2 and 18±0.2 mm zones of inhibition against the fungus (C. albicans) Gram positive bacterium (B. subtilis) and negative bacterium (E. coli), respectively. In other words, the order of inhibitory potential was Cichorium intybus > Medicago sativa > Tagetes minuta > Rumex dentatus >Oxalis corniculata. Ethanolic extract was more effective followed by methanolic, ethyl acetate, hexane and aqueous extracts. Ethanol was more effective followed by methanol, ethyl acetate, hexane and aqueous extracts. Gram positive bacteria were more resistant followed by Gram negative bacteria and fungi

International Journal of Horticulture and Food Science

A List of plant species of Bajaur District was set on the basis of field trips conducted in diffe... more A List of plant species of Bajaur District was set on the basis of field trips conducted in different parts of the year 2018, mostly in, summer, monsoon and winter. The flora comprised of 167 plant species belonging to 40 families. The leading families are Lamiaceae, Solanaceae and Asteraceae, which have 16 species, followed by Mimosaceae and Euphorbiaceae, 11 Zygophyllaceae 8 and Moraceae, with 7 species.

Indian Journal of Medical Research, 2016

Indian journal of Medical Biochemistry, 2017

ABSTRACTIntroductionHeart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome characterized by cardiac pump failu... more ABSTRACTIntroductionHeart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome characterized by cardiac pump failure with signs and symptoms arising from salt and water retention. Heart failure is associated with considerable mortality and morbidity. Identification of modifiable risk factors may reduce incidence of HF and its complications. The aim of our study is to assess parathyroid hormone (PTH) as a risk marker for HF and its association with severity of HF.Materials and methodsIn this cross-sectional study, 120 subjects with HF were recruited and they were compared with 60 age- and sex-matched controls. Along with the routine parameters, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), intact PTH, and vitamin D were estimated. The study group was divided into quartiles depending on PTH value.ResultsThe median PTH (81.5 pg/mL) and NT-proBNP (3753 pg/mL) in HF patients are found to be significantly higher (p < 0.0001) when compared with control subjects. The median vitamin D concentrati...

Microscopy Research and Technique, 2022

Abstract Palynological characterization is considered to be one of the significant taxonomic to... more Abstract
Palynological characterization is considered to be one of the significant taxonomic
tools for the delimitation and identification of morphologically complicated taxa.
Hence, the pollen morphology of 12 species of spineless Astragalus L. was examined
using light and scanning electron microscopy. Studied pollen were small to medium,
monad, prolate to per-prolate and tricolporate type in all studied taxa. The exine
sculpturing varied from reticulate to microreticulate whereas colpus ornamentation
ranged from scabrate to granulate. Furthermore, maximum polar and equatorial diameter was recorded in Astragalus leucocephalus Bunge. (45.00 μm) and A. pyrrhotrichus Boiss. (22.91 μm) while minimum in A. amherstianus Benth. ex Royle (28.75 μm) and A. amherstianus Benth. ex Royle (15.00 μm), respectively. Similarly, the ratio of polar to equatorial diameter was recorded maximum in A. ophiocarpus Boiss. (2.05). The width of colpi was larger in A. hamosus L. (1.29 μm) and smaller in A. ophiocarpus Boiss. (0.62 μm). We have also found the maximum value of mesocolpium in A. retamocarpus Boiss. (2.08 μm) while minimum in A. oxyglottis Steven ex M.Bieb. (1.87 μm). The quantitative pollen attributes helped in the development of pollen keys for the accurate and quick identification of the studied species. Furthermore, ordination and cluster analysis were performed for the differentiation of the investigated taxa at species level. Based on our results, we conclude that pollen features can be used for the delimitation and identification of the studied taxa.

Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2018

We investigated the scientific base for its traditional use in pain, inflammation, antioxidant an... more We investigated the scientific base for its traditional use in pain, inflammation, antioxidant and phytochemicals potential of Dryopteris blanfordii. The powdered plant was extracted by the method of cold maceration using (methanol, ethanol and aqueous) as solvents. The acetic acid induced writhing test model was used for analgesic activity. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by carrageenan-induced mice paw edema. For antioxidant activity we used 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and reducing power assay method respectively. In qualitative analysis, the phytochemical compounds such as carbohydrates, alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and quinine were screened by using standard methods. In analgesic activity after the injection of ethanolic extract at a dose of 300mg/kg the writhing was reduced to (21±0.13) /5 minutes and showed 45% inhibition, compared with standard drug aspirin which reduced to (14±0.21) /5 minutes and having 40.43% inhibition. The anti-inf...

Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2018

Microscopy Research and Technique

The aim of the present study is to investigate the pollen morphology of melliferous plant taxa of... more The aim of the present study is to investigate the pollen morphology of melliferous plant taxa of Southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa‐Pakistan. Using light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), the palynological study of 18 species of melliferous plants namely Calendula arvensis, Cenchrus pennisetiformis, Citrullus colocynthis, Cucumis melo subsp. agrestis var. agrestis, Cucurbita maxima, Cymbopogon jwarancusa, Cynodon dectylon, Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Helianthus annus, Lagenaria siceraria, Launaea procumbens, Luffa cylindrica, Pennisetum glaucum, Saccharum spontaneum, Sonchus asper, Verbesina encelioides, Xanthium strumarium, and Zea mays was carried out. Both qualitative and quantitative characteristics of pollen were studied. Variations were observed in pollen morphology. The dominant pollen shape was prolate‐spheroidal (11 species). All the pollen units were monad. The highest exine thickness was found in Citrullus colocynthis (8.45 μm). The maximum polar and equatorial diameter (102 and 97.55 μm) was found in Luffa cylindrica. Similarly, the highest P/E ratio was found in Cucurbita maxima (1.46). Most of the species showed tricolpate and monoporate type of pollen. The exine sculpturing, number of spines per pollen and between colpi and the pollen fertility and sterility provided significant results for the documentation of melliferous plants. Thus, the information listed in this article will prove helpful to identify the potential melliferous plants in the area, geographical origin of the honey, and the availability of pure honey in the local and international market.

International Journal of Advanced Research

We investigated the scientific base for its traditional use in pain, inflammation, antioxidant an... more We investigated the scientific base for its traditional use in pain, inflammation, antioxidant and phytochemicals potential of Dryopteris blanfordii. The powdered plant was extracted by the method of cold maceration using (methanol, ethanol and aqueous) as solvents. The acetic acid induced writhing test model was used for analgesic activity. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by carrageenan-induced mice paw edema. For antioxidant activity we used 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and reducing power assay method respectively. In qualitative analysis, the phytochemical compounds such as carbohydrates, alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and quinine were screened by using standard methods. In analgesic activity after the injection of ethanolic extract at a dose of 300mg/kg the writhing was reduced to (21±0.13) /5 minutes and showed 45% inhibition, compared with standard drug aspirin which reduced to (14±0.21) /5 minutes and having 40.43% inhibition. The anti-inflammatory activity at a dose of 300 mg/kg during drug administration after four hours showed significant different which compared with standard drug diclofenac sodium (10mg/kg) and 100, 200mg/kg. High dose at 300mg/kg reduced (1.04±0.03) after the 4 th hours and standard drug diclofenac sodium reduced (0.08±0.04) after 4 th hours. The maximum rate of inhibition of antioxidant was observed in the methanolic extract. In the qualitative analysis of the ethanol extract showed highest amount of phenols. We concluded that the D.blanfordii plant showed high potential of inflammation, antioxidant and biochemical compounds.