Svetlana Smerea - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Svetlana Smerea

It is known that biotechnological processes based on the possibilities of in vitro cultivation of... more It is known that biotechnological processes based on the possibilities of in vitro cultivation of plants offer new opportunities for the diversification of genetic variability, which allows the complex use of classical and modern methods in plant breeding. The plants regenerated by callus cultures are distinguished from the original forms by various qualitative and quantitative traits, including those of important economic interest. Research for identification of factors that induce somaclonal variations attests the dependence of their occurrence on the genetic heterogeneity of the somatic cells of the initial explants, the genetic and epigenetic variability generated by the in vitro culture conditions and genotype [1, 3]. The use of phytopathogenic viruses based on different cytopathic systems in combination with other sources of variation is of major importance for obtaining and selecting genotypes with valuable properties, including increased defensive potential to viral agents [2, 4].

Lucrări Ştiinţifice, Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agricole Şi Medicină Veterinară "Ion Ionescu de la Brad" Iaşi, Seria Horticultură, 2009

Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova Life Sciences

The reactions associated with the infection of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and tomato aspermy viru... more The reactions associated with the infection of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and tomato aspermy virus (TAV) of 4 tomato genotypes (tolerant, sensitive, resistant to VMT) in the case of primarily infected plants (G0) and those subjected to reinfection in later generations (G1 or G4). The evaluated indices - peroxidase activity (POX), catalase (CAT) and hydrogen peroxide content, expressed a high specificity depending on the genotype-virus studied system, the post-infection stage and the status of the plant primary infected or reinfected in the next generations (G1 and G4). Significant differences were established according to POX, CAT indices and H2O2 content between both infected and healthy plants, as well as between primarily infected and reinfected plants.

For in vitro culture were optimized the conditionsof sterilization(concentration of sterilization... more For in vitro culture were optimized the conditionsof sterilization(concentration of sterilization solution and the duration of treatment), the composition of nutritive media for direct embryogenesisof seeds and callusogenesis. Two types of explants, fragments of leaves cotyledons and hypocotyls, were used for inducing in vitro callusogenesis. As callus-inducing medium served Murashige & Skoog mineral base (1962) with 4 variants of additions of growth regulators (6-Benzylaminopurine and 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid). The higher frequency of callusogenesis was found for both typesof explants on medium with 2,4-D 0,25mg/L+ BAP0,5 mg/Land 2,4-D 0,25mg/L+ caseinhydrolysates 500 mg/L.Based on the ANOVA test it was established that the positive response is determined significantly only by the culture medium (hormonal balance) at 99.9%

Romanian Biotechnological Letters, 2010

In this paper were presented the results of the study of in vitro meristem regeneration of autoch... more In this paper were presented the results of the study of in vitro meristem regeneration of autochthonous grapevine cultivars of great interest for viticulture. The current study involved the reaction of 11 grapevine genotypes on three culture media with different hormonal combinations based on MS medium. Deviations registered in the regenerative capacity were dependent primordialy on genotype. The evaluation of meristem regenerative rate showed that the effect of genotype was statistically significant for all of the traits ((P≤0,001). For regenerative rate were recorded significant deviations in frame of one and the same genotypes depending on the health status. It is suggested that virus infection represent an important source of variance in regeneration. The analysis of variance revealed the highest effect of genotypes on the regenerative capacity of the grapevine meristems (75,8 %).

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of pre-sowing gamma irradiation with various... more The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of pre-sowing gamma irradiation with various doses of safflower seeds and time of seeds sowing on bio-morphological characters of plants. Based on ANOVA analysis there was showed that the time of seeds sowing statistically significantly influenced the height of safflower, number of developed and undeveloped inflorescences per plants more than the radiation. However, the contribution of radiation to the number of undeveloped inflorescences per plant was approximately seven times greater than the contribution of sowing time. The interaction between radiation and sowing time factors contributed to changes in number of secondary branches and developed inflorescences per plant. The correlations between the bio-morphological characters of plants growing under the same conditions demonstrated the strong direct proportional dependences of developed inflorescences on number of secondary branches per plant as well as the direct correlation ...

The reactions of triticale plants to Fusarium fungi, tomato plants to Alternaria alternate or to ... more The reactions of triticale plants to Fusarium fungi, tomato plants to Alternaria alternate or to Tomato Aspermy Virus, Potato Virus X, barley to infection with Barley Stripe Mosaic Virus are described. Systems plant x pathogens (fungus, virus) are constituted by specific interactions, depending on the host plant and the pathogen genotypes. The involvement of polymorphic protein systems (peroxidases), soluble proteins, peroxidases, esterases, PR-5 synthesis level are provided as biochemical markers to biotic stress in identifying resistant genotypes.

The Journal "Agriculture and Forestry", 2019

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is drought resistant plant, but the adequate irrigation is im... more Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is drought resistant plant, but the adequate irrigation is important for the increasing of safflower yield. The effects of drip irrigation associated with pre-sowing gamma irradiation of seeds on plant growth and yield were investigated. The seeds were irradiated by gamma rays (60 Co) at various doses (50, 100, 150Gy). The safflower plants were grown under drip irrigation and rainfed conditions of the Republic of Moldova in season of 2017. Modifications of bio-morphological (height, number of secondary branch, developed and undeveloped inflorescence) and yield attributing (number of seeds per head and per plant, weight of seeds per plant and 1000-seed weight) characters of safflower were studied. The results showed that the drip irrigation influenced positive and statistically significant (p≤0.001) on all studied characters of safflower. The plant grown under irrigation had the number of developed inflorescences, the number of seeds and the weight of seeds per plant, respectively 1.83, 1.81 and 2.50 times more than rainfed plants; as well as undeveloped inflorescence less 2.47 times. The contribution of pre-sowing irradiation was not so pronounced. The impact of factors (irradiation, irrigation) and their interaction for the improvement of bio-morphological and yield attributing characters were determined. The significant impact of growing condition on the number of seeds per plant at p≤0.01, weight of seeds per plant and 1000-seeds weight at p≤0.01 was established. The gamma radiation had the contribution to changes in 1000-seeds weight but the contribution of growing condition on this character was 15.7 times stronger.

Romanian Agricultural Research, 2015

A comparative study of anthers response to in vitro culture from 5 barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) ge... more A comparative study of anthers response to in vitro culture from 5 barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes was carried out. For androgenesis induction we used 8 pretreatment schemes and 3 initiation nutrient media. Cytological evaluation of anther derived-structure revealed the formation of calli and embryogenic structures, microspore embryogenesis providing a complex morphogenetic pathway, not only dependent on the studied factors, influenced dedifferentiation. On base of histological evaluation a set of restructuring were described, which conducted to embryo differentiation from globular stage; pre-embryonic structures to embryo formation. These reorganizations may be inhibited and stopped at any development stage. The androgenic capacity was found related to accumulation of storage of substances and phenolic compounds. Evaluation of morphological and structural features of morphogenetic structures initiated from barley anthers, proved the complexity of androgenetic process, depende...

XIth International Congress of Geneticists and Breeders from the Republic of Moldova, 2021

Romanian Biotechnological Letters, 2010

In this paper were presented the results of the study of in vitro meristem regeneration of autoch... more In this paper were presented the results of the study of in vitro meristem regeneration of autochthonous grapevine cultivars of great interest for viticulture. The current study involved the reaction of 11 grapevine genotypes on three culture media with different hormonal combinations based on MS medium. Deviations registered in the regenerative capacity were dependent primordialy on genotype. The evaluation of meristem regenerative rate showed that the effect of genotype was statistically significant for all of the traits ((P≤0,001). For regenerative rate were recorded significant deviations in frame of one and the same genotypes depending on the health status. It is suggested that virus infection represent an important source of variance in regeneration. The analysis of variance revealed the highest effect of genotypes on the regenerative capacity of the grapevine meristems (75,8 %).

Plant Protection – Achievements and Prospects, 2020

The defensive response of 4 tomato genotypes to Tobacco Mosaic Virus or Tomato Aspermy Virus was ... more The defensive response of 4 tomato genotypes to Tobacco Mosaic Virus or Tomato Aspermy Virus was evaluated according to 3 indices - peroxidase and catalase activities and hydrogen peroxide content. The response was differentiated according to the applied viral infection, the genotype and dynamics of the infection process. Particularities have been attested in the reaction of the antioxidative response at different stages of the pathogenesis - increasing or decreasing of the evaluated indices compared to the healthy control.

Genetics, Physiology and Plant Breeding

Studying the particularities of manifestation of defensive indicators – POX and PPO in case of in... more Studying the particularities of manifestation of defensive indicators – POX and PPO in case of in-fection with 2 types of viruses of different virus-host combinations (sensitive, tolerant, resistant) was per-formed in basis of analysis of variance. The obtained results denote a significant contribution of all ana-lyzed factors in the variability of PPO and POX indices, the major contribution returning to the genotype, followed by viral infection, the type of viral infection with a variable dose of contribution depending on the applied matrix. The PPO index expressed a higher specificity of the genotype response depending on the virus applied compared to POX. At the same time, it was found that TAV had a higher contribution in the variability of POX and PPO, compared to TMV.

Advanced Biotechnologies - Achievements and Prospects

It is known that biotechnological processes based on the possibilities of in vitro cultivation of... more It is known that biotechnological processes based on the possibilities of in vitro cultivation of plants offer new opportunities for the diversification of genetic variability, which allows the complex use of classical and modern methods in plant breeding. The plants regenerated by callus cultures are distinguished from the original forms by various qualitative and quantitative traits, including those of important economic interest. Research for identification of factors that induce somaclonal variations attests the dependence of their occurrence on the genetic heterogeneity of the somatic cells of the initial explants, the genetic and epigenetic variability generated by the in vitro culture conditions and genotype [1, 3]. The use of phytopathogenic viruses based on different cytopathic systems in combination with other sources of variation is of major importance for obtaining and selecting genotypes with valuable properties, including increased defensive potential to viral agents [2, 4].

Lucrări Ştiinţifice, Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agricole Şi Medicină Veterinară "Ion Ionescu de la Brad" Iaşi, Seria Horticultură, 2009

Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova Life Sciences

The reactions associated with the infection of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and tomato aspermy viru... more The reactions associated with the infection of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and tomato aspermy virus (TAV) of 4 tomato genotypes (tolerant, sensitive, resistant to VMT) in the case of primarily infected plants (G0) and those subjected to reinfection in later generations (G1 or G4). The evaluated indices - peroxidase activity (POX), catalase (CAT) and hydrogen peroxide content, expressed a high specificity depending on the genotype-virus studied system, the post-infection stage and the status of the plant primary infected or reinfected in the next generations (G1 and G4). Significant differences were established according to POX, CAT indices and H2O2 content between both infected and healthy plants, as well as between primarily infected and reinfected plants.

For in vitro culture were optimized the conditionsof sterilization(concentration of sterilization... more For in vitro culture were optimized the conditionsof sterilization(concentration of sterilization solution and the duration of treatment), the composition of nutritive media for direct embryogenesisof seeds and callusogenesis. Two types of explants, fragments of leaves cotyledons and hypocotyls, were used for inducing in vitro callusogenesis. As callus-inducing medium served Murashige & Skoog mineral base (1962) with 4 variants of additions of growth regulators (6-Benzylaminopurine and 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid). The higher frequency of callusogenesis was found for both typesof explants on medium with 2,4-D 0,25mg/L+ BAP0,5 mg/Land 2,4-D 0,25mg/L+ caseinhydrolysates 500 mg/L.Based on the ANOVA test it was established that the positive response is determined significantly only by the culture medium (hormonal balance) at 99.9%

Romanian Biotechnological Letters, 2010

In this paper were presented the results of the study of in vitro meristem regeneration of autoch... more In this paper were presented the results of the study of in vitro meristem regeneration of autochthonous grapevine cultivars of great interest for viticulture. The current study involved the reaction of 11 grapevine genotypes on three culture media with different hormonal combinations based on MS medium. Deviations registered in the regenerative capacity were dependent primordialy on genotype. The evaluation of meristem regenerative rate showed that the effect of genotype was statistically significant for all of the traits ((P≤0,001). For regenerative rate were recorded significant deviations in frame of one and the same genotypes depending on the health status. It is suggested that virus infection represent an important source of variance in regeneration. The analysis of variance revealed the highest effect of genotypes on the regenerative capacity of the grapevine meristems (75,8 %).

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of pre-sowing gamma irradiation with various... more The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of pre-sowing gamma irradiation with various doses of safflower seeds and time of seeds sowing on bio-morphological characters of plants. Based on ANOVA analysis there was showed that the time of seeds sowing statistically significantly influenced the height of safflower, number of developed and undeveloped inflorescences per plants more than the radiation. However, the contribution of radiation to the number of undeveloped inflorescences per plant was approximately seven times greater than the contribution of sowing time. The interaction between radiation and sowing time factors contributed to changes in number of secondary branches and developed inflorescences per plant. The correlations between the bio-morphological characters of plants growing under the same conditions demonstrated the strong direct proportional dependences of developed inflorescences on number of secondary branches per plant as well as the direct correlation ...

The reactions of triticale plants to Fusarium fungi, tomato plants to Alternaria alternate or to ... more The reactions of triticale plants to Fusarium fungi, tomato plants to Alternaria alternate or to Tomato Aspermy Virus, Potato Virus X, barley to infection with Barley Stripe Mosaic Virus are described. Systems plant x pathogens (fungus, virus) are constituted by specific interactions, depending on the host plant and the pathogen genotypes. The involvement of polymorphic protein systems (peroxidases), soluble proteins, peroxidases, esterases, PR-5 synthesis level are provided as biochemical markers to biotic stress in identifying resistant genotypes.

The Journal "Agriculture and Forestry", 2019

Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is drought resistant plant, but the adequate irrigation is im... more Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) is drought resistant plant, but the adequate irrigation is important for the increasing of safflower yield. The effects of drip irrigation associated with pre-sowing gamma irradiation of seeds on plant growth and yield were investigated. The seeds were irradiated by gamma rays (60 Co) at various doses (50, 100, 150Gy). The safflower plants were grown under drip irrigation and rainfed conditions of the Republic of Moldova in season of 2017. Modifications of bio-morphological (height, number of secondary branch, developed and undeveloped inflorescence) and yield attributing (number of seeds per head and per plant, weight of seeds per plant and 1000-seed weight) characters of safflower were studied. The results showed that the drip irrigation influenced positive and statistically significant (p≤0.001) on all studied characters of safflower. The plant grown under irrigation had the number of developed inflorescences, the number of seeds and the weight of seeds per plant, respectively 1.83, 1.81 and 2.50 times more than rainfed plants; as well as undeveloped inflorescence less 2.47 times. The contribution of pre-sowing irradiation was not so pronounced. The impact of factors (irradiation, irrigation) and their interaction for the improvement of bio-morphological and yield attributing characters were determined. The significant impact of growing condition on the number of seeds per plant at p≤0.01, weight of seeds per plant and 1000-seeds weight at p≤0.01 was established. The gamma radiation had the contribution to changes in 1000-seeds weight but the contribution of growing condition on this character was 15.7 times stronger.

Romanian Agricultural Research, 2015

A comparative study of anthers response to in vitro culture from 5 barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) ge... more A comparative study of anthers response to in vitro culture from 5 barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes was carried out. For androgenesis induction we used 8 pretreatment schemes and 3 initiation nutrient media. Cytological evaluation of anther derived-structure revealed the formation of calli and embryogenic structures, microspore embryogenesis providing a complex morphogenetic pathway, not only dependent on the studied factors, influenced dedifferentiation. On base of histological evaluation a set of restructuring were described, which conducted to embryo differentiation from globular stage; pre-embryonic structures to embryo formation. These reorganizations may be inhibited and stopped at any development stage. The androgenic capacity was found related to accumulation of storage of substances and phenolic compounds. Evaluation of morphological and structural features of morphogenetic structures initiated from barley anthers, proved the complexity of androgenetic process, depende...

XIth International Congress of Geneticists and Breeders from the Republic of Moldova, 2021

Romanian Biotechnological Letters, 2010

In this paper were presented the results of the study of in vitro meristem regeneration of autoch... more In this paper were presented the results of the study of in vitro meristem regeneration of autochthonous grapevine cultivars of great interest for viticulture. The current study involved the reaction of 11 grapevine genotypes on three culture media with different hormonal combinations based on MS medium. Deviations registered in the regenerative capacity were dependent primordialy on genotype. The evaluation of meristem regenerative rate showed that the effect of genotype was statistically significant for all of the traits ((P≤0,001). For regenerative rate were recorded significant deviations in frame of one and the same genotypes depending on the health status. It is suggested that virus infection represent an important source of variance in regeneration. The analysis of variance revealed the highest effect of genotypes on the regenerative capacity of the grapevine meristems (75,8 %).

Plant Protection – Achievements and Prospects, 2020

The defensive response of 4 tomato genotypes to Tobacco Mosaic Virus or Tomato Aspermy Virus was ... more The defensive response of 4 tomato genotypes to Tobacco Mosaic Virus or Tomato Aspermy Virus was evaluated according to 3 indices - peroxidase and catalase activities and hydrogen peroxide content. The response was differentiated according to the applied viral infection, the genotype and dynamics of the infection process. Particularities have been attested in the reaction of the antioxidative response at different stages of the pathogenesis - increasing or decreasing of the evaluated indices compared to the healthy control.

Genetics, Physiology and Plant Breeding

Studying the particularities of manifestation of defensive indicators – POX and PPO in case of in... more Studying the particularities of manifestation of defensive indicators – POX and PPO in case of in-fection with 2 types of viruses of different virus-host combinations (sensitive, tolerant, resistant) was per-formed in basis of analysis of variance. The obtained results denote a significant contribution of all ana-lyzed factors in the variability of PPO and POX indices, the major contribution returning to the genotype, followed by viral infection, the type of viral infection with a variable dose of contribution depending on the applied matrix. The PPO index expressed a higher specificity of the genotype response depending on the virus applied compared to POX. At the same time, it was found that TAV had a higher contribution in the variability of POX and PPO, compared to TMV.

Advanced Biotechnologies - Achievements and Prospects