Swagnik Roy - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Swagnik Roy
Journal of evolution of medical and dental sciences, Jul 21, 2015
The present study was designed to determine antibiotic resistance pattern against commonly used d... more The present study was designed to determine antibiotic resistance pattern against commonly used drugs for urinary tract infections in patients of the ICU of the KPC Medical College and Hospital from November 2011 to May 2015. Commonly isolated organisms were, Klebsiella pneumoniae (39.02%), Escherichia coli (8.10%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17.07%), A cinetobacterbaumannii (30.08%) and Enterobacter aerogenes (5.60%). Susceptibility testing was determined using the Microscan, (Siemens) and MICs of different antibiotics were determined. Since surveys of antimicrobial resistance form the basis for decisions on empirical therapy this study was designed to provide a guideline for initiation of antibiotic therapy immediately after identification of organism (even before sensitivity report is obtained).
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2023
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic has shifted the livelihood of the global community including Mizo... more The impact of COVID-19 pandemic has shifted the livelihood of the global community including Mizoram which is located in the northeast region of India. Universal preventive measures have been implemented to reduce the spread of the virus. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study is the epidemiological and clinical characterization of patients infected with SARS-COV-2. The aim of the study was to examine the sociodemographic determinants and risk factors of the disease severity with COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: A multicenter and cross-sectional study on patients who have been diagnosed and confirmed of SARS CoV2 infection of the Mizo Community. The data were collected by professionals from April 2020 to May 2022. Sociodemographic determinants, clinical presentation, comorbidities, livelihood, alcohol, and tobacco consumptions were described. All data were analyze using SPSS 22 version. The association of the variables with ct value (≤25 and >25) of COVID-19 was examined using Chi-square and logistic regression model and P<0.05 as statistically significant. Results: A total number of 19,25,885 samples were tested among which 2,27,849 cases were diagnosed with COVID-19 from March 24, 2020, to May 12, 2022, in Mizoram. The mean±SD age of the analytic population was 30.10±19.64 years. Female was more infected and patients between the age of 16-30 years represent the most frequent age group in the population study. About 55.2% were symptomatic patients with mortality rate at 0.30% as of May 12, 2022. Conclusion: In this cross-sectional study, a wide range of sociodemographic risk factors, including socioeconomic status, racial/ethnic minority status, household composition, and environmental factors, was significantly associated with COVID-19 incidence and mortality. To address inequities in the burden of the COVID-19 pandemic, these social vulnerabilities and their root causes must be addressed.
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 2022
Journal of Evolution of medical and Dental Sciences, 2015
Aspartame is an odourless white crystalline powder 160-200 times sweeter than sucrose used in bev... more Aspartame is an odourless white crystalline powder 160-200 times sweeter than sucrose used in beverages. The present study has been planned to observe the biofilm production of Streptococcus mutans over a biosurface and to assess the influence of aspartame on biofilm production over that surface. The lyophilic standard Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 (Hi media lab) was reactivated in Trypiticase Soy Broth incubated at370 C with 10% CO2 for 18 hrs. 2.5 ml of this liquid culture was added in two 5ml of Brain Heart Infusion Broths with sucrose, congo red and sterile human tooth one with 0.3% aspartame and other without aspartame and incubated at 370 C with 10% CO2 for 18 hrs. Biofilm production was evidenced by blackening of tooth along with black deposits .Blackening appeared less in the broth containing aspartame which was further proved by subculturing from both over Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) agar with sucrose and Congo red.
Journal of Evolution of medical and Dental Sciences, 2015
The performance of a commercial rapid immunochromatographic dengue NS1, IgG/IgM assay device was ... more The performance of a commercial rapid immunochromatographic dengue NS1, IgG/IgM assay device was evaluated against an in-place dengue IgM-capture ELISA in the KPC Medical College & Hospital, Jadavpur. Of the 932 serum samples from patients with clinical diagnosis of acute dengue illness, 542, 237 and 90 samples were tested positive respectively for NS1 ELISA, anti-dengue IgM (MAC ELISA) and anti-dengue IgG ELISA. Comparatively, 476, 205 and 79 samples were tested positive respectively by the immunochromatographic method, has less sensitivity of 13% and a relative specificity of 12% compared to the ELISA method. Though the rapid immunochromato graphic assay device has the advantages of rapid testing which simultaneously detects both IgG and IgM and can also be performed with whole blood, serum or plasma, the user has to exercise extreme caution with the interpretation of the test result.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a very virulent and c... more Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a very virulent and contagious coronavirus and has caused a pandemic of acute respiratory disease, named “Coronavirus disease 2019” (COVID-19) that emerged in the late 2019. In breast milk (BM), presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus and its antibodies have been examined. Aims and Objectives: The current observational study was conducted over a period of 1 year in the state of Mizoram to investigate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus and antibodies in pregnant mothers and their newborn along with breast milk. Materials and Methods: A total of 115 breast milk samples and 70 breast swabs (before or after breast washing) from 115 women who were recently diagnosed with COVID-19 were collected. Samples were analyzed for SARS-CoV-2 RNA using RT-PCR. Breast milk was also analyzed for SARS-CoV2, IgA, and IgG receptor binding domain (RBD), S2 subunit of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. Results: BM RTPCR was found to be positive ...
International journal of scientific research, 2016
Listeria monocytogenes is the third most frequent cause of bacterial meningitis. A recent case of... more Listeria monocytogenes is the third most frequent cause of bacterial meningitis. A recent case of male patient aged 33 years old from South 24-Parganas, West Bengal presented with history of fever and headache associated with neck pain and vomiting. The diagnosis was confirmed by CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) cultures positive for Listeria monocytogenes. Ampicillinis drug of choice givencombinedwith ceftriaxone. He responded to the treatment.
KEYWORDSVAP, Carbapenemase Production, ETA, MIC, ICU, CPIS, CLSI, KPC, ATCC, MBL, ESBL
Mucormycosis, earlier known as zygomycosis, is a rapidly fatal fungal infection especially in imm... more Mucormycosis, earlier known as zygomycosis, is a rapidly fatal fungal infection especially in immunocompromised hosts. In spite of active management the mortality due to mucormycosis remain very high till today. The common genera associated with such type of infections are Absidia, Mucor, Rhizomucor and Rhizopus. Apophysomyces elegans is relatively new in this context. It was first isolated from India in 1979 (Misra P.C. et al., 1979). Also documented in southern United States, Australia, Mexico, Carribean Islands, Columbia and Venezuela. Nearly 100 cases are reported till date and majority are from India. Most important risk factor for A. elegans infection is wound contamination with soil (Sedralis T. et al., 1997). A. elegans not only causes cutaneous or mucocutaneous infection but also associated with deep seated serious infections like rhino-orbito-cerebral and renal zygomycosis.
Leptospirosis is a potentially fatal zoonosis that is mostly occurs in heavy rainfall, ooded and... more Leptospirosis is a potentially fatal zoonosis that is mostly occurs in heavy rainfall, ooded and poor sanitisation areas . In west Bengal specially in Kolkata, there is high average rainfall with water holding capacity of soil [9]. As rodents like rats ,livestock and pets are reservoir for leptospires, their urine containing leptospires can contaminate the water by which humans get infected either by direct or indirect exposure to this contaminated water. Rats are main hosts of serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae, cattle of Hardjo and Pomona, pigs of Pomona or Tarrossovi, and dogs of Canicola[10]. On the other hand people living in urban slum encirclement with inadequate sanitation are at high risk of rat exposure and leptospiros is .Farmers , Sewage workers , Miners , Veterinarians and individuals who are involved in Water sports, Gardening, Ecotourism are at high risk for leptospirosis [11,33,61]. These occupations involve activities likely to result in exposure of wounds, cuts and to so...
The present study was carried out on suspected cases of ventilator associated pneumonia in the cr... more The present study was carried out on suspected cases of ventilator associated pneumonia in the critical care unit over a period of eleven months in a tertiary care hospital in West Bengal. A total number of 128 suspected cases of respiratory tract infection were reported. Samples were collected from the above cases and cultured for bacterial growth. Out of the 128 samples a total of 45 were culture positive. Of the culture positive cases, 14 were Burkholderia cepacia. Unexpectedly high number of, Burkholderia cepacia isolated for the first time from this unit prompted extensive searching. This led to isolation of Burkholderia cepacia from the chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash used in the ward. Prompt action was taken leading to control of the situation. Keyword: Ventilator associated pneumonia, endotracheal tube aspirates, microscan system, nonfermenters, nosocomial infections. INTRODUCTION Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is an infection of lung parenchyma occurring 48-72 h or...
Introduction: In humans, infertility may describe a woman who is unable to conceive as well as be... more Introduction: In humans, infertility may describe a woman who is unable to conceive as well as being unable to carry a pregnancy to full term. Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma are the micro-organisms of sexually transmitted diseases. Several epidemiological reports have documented the presence of M. hominis, M. genitalium and U. Urealyticum in infertile women. Also in vitro studies have shown that sperm samples infected with these Mycoplasmas undergo detrimental changes in sperm count, sperm velocity and motility parameters. Material and methods: The study was conducted on 100 women, divided into two groups: 60 cases with unexplained infertility (study group) and 40 cases with confirmed fertility (control group). Three cervical swabs were collected from each case and sent for bacteriological examination for mycoplasmas. Culture for genital mycoplasmas. Specimens were inoculated onto A7agar(Becton Dickinson). Bacterial DNA from100micolitre of specimen or transport media was isolated. Multip...
Mycoplasma genitalium , a pathogenic bacterium which lives on the ciliated epithelial cells of ... more Mycoplasma genitalium , a pathogenic bacterium which lives on the ciliated epithelial cells of the urinary and genital tracts in humans . It was first identified in the early 1980s among men with non-gonococcal urethritis.The study was conducted on 50 women, divided into two groups: 25 cases with Clinically suspected Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (study group) and 25healthy women (control group). Three cervical swabs were collected from each case and sent for bacteriological examination for mycoplasmas. Present study was conducted from August 2012 to December 2015 in a Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata for the detection of M. genitalium.6 specimens were PCR positive for Mycoplasma genitalium . From the Control group none of the specimens were PCR positive for Mycoplasma genitalium . From the 6 women from whom M. genitaliumwas isolated their husband’s urethral swabs were also collected and shown PCR positive for Mycoplasma genitalium. Among this six women four belongs to age grou...
Global journal for research analysis, 2021
Hand, foot, and mouth disease is a very infective infection. It's caused by viruses from the ... more Hand, foot, and mouth disease is a very infective infection. It's caused by viruses from the Enterovirus genus, among the Enterovirus genus coxsackievirus is most commonly found associated with Hand , Foot and Mouth disease. Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) causes rashes or vesicular lesions in the affected individuals and lesions are found in extremities and upper extremity lesion is more common along with feet and mouth. It is mostly seen in school going children, and causative agents are likely Enterovirus-A (EV-A) species, including Coxsackievirus-A16 (CV-A16) and Enterovirus-71 (EV-71) [1]. Hand , Foot and Mouth Disease is usullay mild and selimiting. In the affected patient's rst identied by a brief prodromal fever, followed by pharyngitis, mouth ulcers and rash on the hands and feet. The disease is caused by numerous members of the Enterovirus genus of the family Picornaviridae e.g. Coxsackievirus type A (CA) and Enterovirus 71 (EV71), and the clinical features ...
Computers in Biology and Medicine
Mediterranean journal of hematology and infectious diseases, 2018
Background. Burkholderia cepacia, an aerobic gram-negative bacillus, is a frequent colonizer of f... more Background. Burkholderia cepacia, an aerobic gram-negative bacillus, is a frequent colonizer of fluids used in the hospital ward. It poses little risk of infection to healthy people; however it is a known important opportunistic pathogen causing morbidity and mortality due to its intrinsic resistance to most of the antibiotics in hospitalized patients. Small hospital outbreaks are frequent. B. cepacia may occur as an opportunistic infection in hemato-oncology patients. Here we present an outbreak of Burkholderia cepacia infection in hematology ward of our institute. Methods. Febrile episodes as defined by IDSA guideline, 2010 were followed, and blood for culture and sensitivity was sent in all the events. The culture was done by an automated method using Bactalert 3d Biomeriux & sensitivity pattern by Microscan Siemens method and subsequently detected by PCR based method. Results. During September 2016 to February 2017 (six months), a total of 498 blood cultures were sent during febrile episodes. Out of which 60 (12%) came out to be positive for different microorganisms. Out of all positive cultures, Burkholderia cepacia was detected in 29 (48%) patients, which reduced drastically following the change in antibiotic administration practice. All isolates showed sensitivity to pipercillin+tazobactum, cefoperazone+sulbactum, fluoroquinolones, cotrimoxazole and carbapenems and resistance to polymyxin B and colistin. With timely intervention by appropriate intravenous antibiotics as per culture sensitivity result and change in antibiotic preparation practice, overall mortality was low 1 (4%) out of 29 culture positive episodes. Conclusion. Change of antibiotic preparation practice was the key to control this outbreak, and overall mortality was low.
Journal of evolution of medical and dental sciences, Jul 21, 2015
The present study was designed to determine antibiotic resistance pattern against commonly used d... more The present study was designed to determine antibiotic resistance pattern against commonly used drugs for urinary tract infections in patients of the ICU of the KPC Medical College and Hospital from November 2011 to May 2015. Commonly isolated organisms were, Klebsiella pneumoniae (39.02%), Escherichia coli (8.10%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17.07%), A cinetobacterbaumannii (30.08%) and Enterobacter aerogenes (5.60%). Susceptibility testing was determined using the Microscan, (Siemens) and MICs of different antibiotics were determined. Since surveys of antimicrobial resistance form the basis for decisions on empirical therapy this study was designed to provide a guideline for initiation of antibiotic therapy immediately after identification of organism (even before sensitivity report is obtained).
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2023
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic has shifted the livelihood of the global community including Mizo... more The impact of COVID-19 pandemic has shifted the livelihood of the global community including Mizoram which is located in the northeast region of India. Universal preventive measures have been implemented to reduce the spread of the virus. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study is the epidemiological and clinical characterization of patients infected with SARS-COV-2. The aim of the study was to examine the sociodemographic determinants and risk factors of the disease severity with COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: A multicenter and cross-sectional study on patients who have been diagnosed and confirmed of SARS CoV2 infection of the Mizo Community. The data were collected by professionals from April 2020 to May 2022. Sociodemographic determinants, clinical presentation, comorbidities, livelihood, alcohol, and tobacco consumptions were described. All data were analyze using SPSS 22 version. The association of the variables with ct value (≤25 and >25) of COVID-19 was examined using Chi-square and logistic regression model and P<0.05 as statistically significant. Results: A total number of 19,25,885 samples were tested among which 2,27,849 cases were diagnosed with COVID-19 from March 24, 2020, to May 12, 2022, in Mizoram. The mean±SD age of the analytic population was 30.10±19.64 years. Female was more infected and patients between the age of 16-30 years represent the most frequent age group in the population study. About 55.2% were symptomatic patients with mortality rate at 0.30% as of May 12, 2022. Conclusion: In this cross-sectional study, a wide range of sociodemographic risk factors, including socioeconomic status, racial/ethnic minority status, household composition, and environmental factors, was significantly associated with COVID-19 incidence and mortality. To address inequities in the burden of the COVID-19 pandemic, these social vulnerabilities and their root causes must be addressed.
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 2022
Journal of Evolution of medical and Dental Sciences, 2015
Aspartame is an odourless white crystalline powder 160-200 times sweeter than sucrose used in bev... more Aspartame is an odourless white crystalline powder 160-200 times sweeter than sucrose used in beverages. The present study has been planned to observe the biofilm production of Streptococcus mutans over a biosurface and to assess the influence of aspartame on biofilm production over that surface. The lyophilic standard Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 (Hi media lab) was reactivated in Trypiticase Soy Broth incubated at370 C with 10% CO2 for 18 hrs. 2.5 ml of this liquid culture was added in two 5ml of Brain Heart Infusion Broths with sucrose, congo red and sterile human tooth one with 0.3% aspartame and other without aspartame and incubated at 370 C with 10% CO2 for 18 hrs. Biofilm production was evidenced by blackening of tooth along with black deposits .Blackening appeared less in the broth containing aspartame which was further proved by subculturing from both over Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) agar with sucrose and Congo red.
Journal of Evolution of medical and Dental Sciences, 2015
The performance of a commercial rapid immunochromatographic dengue NS1, IgG/IgM assay device was ... more The performance of a commercial rapid immunochromatographic dengue NS1, IgG/IgM assay device was evaluated against an in-place dengue IgM-capture ELISA in the KPC Medical College & Hospital, Jadavpur. Of the 932 serum samples from patients with clinical diagnosis of acute dengue illness, 542, 237 and 90 samples were tested positive respectively for NS1 ELISA, anti-dengue IgM (MAC ELISA) and anti-dengue IgG ELISA. Comparatively, 476, 205 and 79 samples were tested positive respectively by the immunochromatographic method, has less sensitivity of 13% and a relative specificity of 12% compared to the ELISA method. Though the rapid immunochromato graphic assay device has the advantages of rapid testing which simultaneously detects both IgG and IgM and can also be performed with whole blood, serum or plasma, the user has to exercise extreme caution with the interpretation of the test result.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a very virulent and c... more Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a very virulent and contagious coronavirus and has caused a pandemic of acute respiratory disease, named “Coronavirus disease 2019” (COVID-19) that emerged in the late 2019. In breast milk (BM), presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus and its antibodies have been examined. Aims and Objectives: The current observational study was conducted over a period of 1 year in the state of Mizoram to investigate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus and antibodies in pregnant mothers and their newborn along with breast milk. Materials and Methods: A total of 115 breast milk samples and 70 breast swabs (before or after breast washing) from 115 women who were recently diagnosed with COVID-19 were collected. Samples were analyzed for SARS-CoV-2 RNA using RT-PCR. Breast milk was also analyzed for SARS-CoV2, IgA, and IgG receptor binding domain (RBD), S2 subunit of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. Results: BM RTPCR was found to be positive ...
International journal of scientific research, 2016
Listeria monocytogenes is the third most frequent cause of bacterial meningitis. A recent case of... more Listeria monocytogenes is the third most frequent cause of bacterial meningitis. A recent case of male patient aged 33 years old from South 24-Parganas, West Bengal presented with history of fever and headache associated with neck pain and vomiting. The diagnosis was confirmed by CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) cultures positive for Listeria monocytogenes. Ampicillinis drug of choice givencombinedwith ceftriaxone. He responded to the treatment.
KEYWORDSVAP, Carbapenemase Production, ETA, MIC, ICU, CPIS, CLSI, KPC, ATCC, MBL, ESBL
Mucormycosis, earlier known as zygomycosis, is a rapidly fatal fungal infection especially in imm... more Mucormycosis, earlier known as zygomycosis, is a rapidly fatal fungal infection especially in immunocompromised hosts. In spite of active management the mortality due to mucormycosis remain very high till today. The common genera associated with such type of infections are Absidia, Mucor, Rhizomucor and Rhizopus. Apophysomyces elegans is relatively new in this context. It was first isolated from India in 1979 (Misra P.C. et al., 1979). Also documented in southern United States, Australia, Mexico, Carribean Islands, Columbia and Venezuela. Nearly 100 cases are reported till date and majority are from India. Most important risk factor for A. elegans infection is wound contamination with soil (Sedralis T. et al., 1997). A. elegans not only causes cutaneous or mucocutaneous infection but also associated with deep seated serious infections like rhino-orbito-cerebral and renal zygomycosis.
Leptospirosis is a potentially fatal zoonosis that is mostly occurs in heavy rainfall, ooded and... more Leptospirosis is a potentially fatal zoonosis that is mostly occurs in heavy rainfall, ooded and poor sanitisation areas . In west Bengal specially in Kolkata, there is high average rainfall with water holding capacity of soil [9]. As rodents like rats ,livestock and pets are reservoir for leptospires, their urine containing leptospires can contaminate the water by which humans get infected either by direct or indirect exposure to this contaminated water. Rats are main hosts of serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae, cattle of Hardjo and Pomona, pigs of Pomona or Tarrossovi, and dogs of Canicola[10]. On the other hand people living in urban slum encirclement with inadequate sanitation are at high risk of rat exposure and leptospiros is .Farmers , Sewage workers , Miners , Veterinarians and individuals who are involved in Water sports, Gardening, Ecotourism are at high risk for leptospirosis [11,33,61]. These occupations involve activities likely to result in exposure of wounds, cuts and to so...
The present study was carried out on suspected cases of ventilator associated pneumonia in the cr... more The present study was carried out on suspected cases of ventilator associated pneumonia in the critical care unit over a period of eleven months in a tertiary care hospital in West Bengal. A total number of 128 suspected cases of respiratory tract infection were reported. Samples were collected from the above cases and cultured for bacterial growth. Out of the 128 samples a total of 45 were culture positive. Of the culture positive cases, 14 were Burkholderia cepacia. Unexpectedly high number of, Burkholderia cepacia isolated for the first time from this unit prompted extensive searching. This led to isolation of Burkholderia cepacia from the chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash used in the ward. Prompt action was taken leading to control of the situation. Keyword: Ventilator associated pneumonia, endotracheal tube aspirates, microscan system, nonfermenters, nosocomial infections. INTRODUCTION Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is an infection of lung parenchyma occurring 48-72 h or...
Introduction: In humans, infertility may describe a woman who is unable to conceive as well as be... more Introduction: In humans, infertility may describe a woman who is unable to conceive as well as being unable to carry a pregnancy to full term. Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma are the micro-organisms of sexually transmitted diseases. Several epidemiological reports have documented the presence of M. hominis, M. genitalium and U. Urealyticum in infertile women. Also in vitro studies have shown that sperm samples infected with these Mycoplasmas undergo detrimental changes in sperm count, sperm velocity and motility parameters. Material and methods: The study was conducted on 100 women, divided into two groups: 60 cases with unexplained infertility (study group) and 40 cases with confirmed fertility (control group). Three cervical swabs were collected from each case and sent for bacteriological examination for mycoplasmas. Culture for genital mycoplasmas. Specimens were inoculated onto A7agar(Becton Dickinson). Bacterial DNA from100micolitre of specimen or transport media was isolated. Multip...
Mycoplasma genitalium , a pathogenic bacterium which lives on the ciliated epithelial cells of ... more Mycoplasma genitalium , a pathogenic bacterium which lives on the ciliated epithelial cells of the urinary and genital tracts in humans . It was first identified in the early 1980s among men with non-gonococcal urethritis.The study was conducted on 50 women, divided into two groups: 25 cases with Clinically suspected Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (study group) and 25healthy women (control group). Three cervical swabs were collected from each case and sent for bacteriological examination for mycoplasmas. Present study was conducted from August 2012 to December 2015 in a Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata for the detection of M. genitalium.6 specimens were PCR positive for Mycoplasma genitalium . From the Control group none of the specimens were PCR positive for Mycoplasma genitalium . From the 6 women from whom M. genitaliumwas isolated their husband’s urethral swabs were also collected and shown PCR positive for Mycoplasma genitalium. Among this six women four belongs to age grou...
Global journal for research analysis, 2021
Hand, foot, and mouth disease is a very infective infection. It's caused by viruses from the ... more Hand, foot, and mouth disease is a very infective infection. It's caused by viruses from the Enterovirus genus, among the Enterovirus genus coxsackievirus is most commonly found associated with Hand , Foot and Mouth disease. Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) causes rashes or vesicular lesions in the affected individuals and lesions are found in extremities and upper extremity lesion is more common along with feet and mouth. It is mostly seen in school going children, and causative agents are likely Enterovirus-A (EV-A) species, including Coxsackievirus-A16 (CV-A16) and Enterovirus-71 (EV-71) [1]. Hand , Foot and Mouth Disease is usullay mild and selimiting. In the affected patient's rst identied by a brief prodromal fever, followed by pharyngitis, mouth ulcers and rash on the hands and feet. The disease is caused by numerous members of the Enterovirus genus of the family Picornaviridae e.g. Coxsackievirus type A (CA) and Enterovirus 71 (EV71), and the clinical features ...
Computers in Biology and Medicine
Mediterranean journal of hematology and infectious diseases, 2018
Background. Burkholderia cepacia, an aerobic gram-negative bacillus, is a frequent colonizer of f... more Background. Burkholderia cepacia, an aerobic gram-negative bacillus, is a frequent colonizer of fluids used in the hospital ward. It poses little risk of infection to healthy people; however it is a known important opportunistic pathogen causing morbidity and mortality due to its intrinsic resistance to most of the antibiotics in hospitalized patients. Small hospital outbreaks are frequent. B. cepacia may occur as an opportunistic infection in hemato-oncology patients. Here we present an outbreak of Burkholderia cepacia infection in hematology ward of our institute. Methods. Febrile episodes as defined by IDSA guideline, 2010 were followed, and blood for culture and sensitivity was sent in all the events. The culture was done by an automated method using Bactalert 3d Biomeriux & sensitivity pattern by Microscan Siemens method and subsequently detected by PCR based method. Results. During September 2016 to February 2017 (six months), a total of 498 blood cultures were sent during febrile episodes. Out of which 60 (12%) came out to be positive for different microorganisms. Out of all positive cultures, Burkholderia cepacia was detected in 29 (48%) patients, which reduced drastically following the change in antibiotic administration practice. All isolates showed sensitivity to pipercillin+tazobactum, cefoperazone+sulbactum, fluoroquinolones, cotrimoxazole and carbapenems and resistance to polymyxin B and colistin. With timely intervention by appropriate intravenous antibiotics as per culture sensitivity result and change in antibiotic preparation practice, overall mortality was low 1 (4%) out of 29 culture positive episodes. Conclusion. Change of antibiotic preparation practice was the key to control this outbreak, and overall mortality was low.