Tanuja Brahmankar - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Tanuja Brahmankar

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, Mar 28, 2017

Hypertension, the-silent killer‖-is a modern day's epidemic and is an increasingly important medi... more Hypertension, the-silent killer‖-is a modern day's epidemic and is an increasingly important medical and global public health issue due to its role in causation of coronary heart disease, stroke and other vascular complications. 1 It is defined as systolic blood pressure measuring more than or equal to 140 mm of mercury and diastolic blood pressure measuring more than or equal to 90 mm of mercury recorded in an individual according to JNC 7. 2 The global prevalence of raised blood pressure in adults aged 18 years and over was around 22% in 2014. 3 Approximately 9.4 million deaths and 7% of disease burden as measured in DALYs (disability-adjusted life years) are caused by raised blood pressure in 2010. 3 Higher the blood pressure, higher the risk of both stroke and coronary events. 4 Overall prevalence for hypertension in India was found to be 29.8%. About 33% urban and 25% rural Indians have hypertension. 5

Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research, 2018

Background: Diarrhoea has been defined in many ways, as an increased water content of stools, alt... more Background: Diarrhoea has been defined in many ways, as an increased water content of stools, altered consistency, increased frequency or combinations of all these three. A lot has been studied regarding diarrhoea which establishes beyond doubt that, there are geographic variations in clinico-epidemiological profiles of diarrhoeas. Such differences are largely due to the pathogenic variance, levels of endemicity of diarrhoeal diseases, veritable degrees of host-parasite relationships leading to immunological adjustments, the modalities of treatment and management, as well as the behavioural patterns & life styles of the community including water sanitation, faeco-oral contamination, eating habits and movement of population. In the light of this, the present study of clinico-epidemiological presentations of diarrhoeas was conducted. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out during 6 months of 1 st January to 30 th June 2016 on 168 under five patients admitted in paediatric ward of Tertiary care hospital of Miraj, Dist. Sangli. Data was collected using predesigned proforma and analysed using statistical software. Results and Conclusions: Out of the total 168 cases of diarrhoea, 54.76% were males and 45.24% were females. Maximum were infants, reported in January, from urban area, belonged to 4 th socioeconomic status as per modified B.G. Prasad's classification, practising hand washing, with illiterate mothers and labourer fathers, non-satisfactory surrounding' cleanliness. About 22% reported positive epidemiological history. Frequency of loose motions was more than 10 per day in most of the patients. Also diarrhoea was not associated with blood or mucus in stool most of the patients. Majority of the cases had mild dehydration with no complications and treated with oral rehydrating solution. Zero mortality was seen in the study. Health education on preventive measures of diarrhoea should be given to community.

Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research, 2018

International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 2017

Background: Obesity and overweight are creating a global epidemic. In 2008, more than 1.4 billion... more Background: Obesity and overweight are creating a global epidemic. In 2008, more than 1.4 billion adults were overweight worldwide. Rapidly changing diets & lifestyles are fueling the global epidemic. Once being considered as a problem related to affluence, obesity is now growing fast in many developing countries. The burden of slum population & magnitude of their health problems are on the rise. Thus, the present study was planned to determine the prevalence of overweight & obesity and its risk factors in the urban slum area. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out among adults aged 20 – 60 years. Persons willing to participate and who were residing more than 6 months in the study area were included. The sample of 320 was calculated with absolute error of 5%. Duration of study was from Feb 2014 to Dec 2014. Pretested Predesigned Proforma was constructed and Systematic random sampling method was used for data collection. Results: In this study, the prevalence of overweight ...

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, Oct 25, 2017

INTRODUCTION "Angan" literally means a courtyard. Anganwadi centres have been established by Soci... more INTRODUCTION "Angan" literally means a courtyard. Anganwadi centres have been established by Social and women Welfare department of Government of India. 1 Anganwadi centre is a part of ICDS (Integrated Child Development Services) scheme initiated in 1975. ICDS is India"s most ambitious multi-dimensional welfare programme to reach millions ABSTRACT Background: Children between 1 to 6 years of age in India constitute 15% of total population as against 7% in the developed countries. Nutrition of these children is of prime importance as they are most vulnerable to malnutrition. Anthropometry has become a practical tool for evaluating the nutritional status of children in developing countries which is the best indicator of global wellbeing of children. The objectives were to study nutritional status of study subjects and to identify various socio-demographic risk factors associated with under-nutrition. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out in 205 Children of 0-6 years of age registered in Anganwadis in adopted urban slum area of community medicine department of Government Medical College, Miraj during January-December 2014. Data was collected using a pre-designed proforma and was analyzed at 5% level of statistical significance. For all the classifications in study WHO classifications were used. Results: Out of 205 children, 113 (55.12%) were males and 92 (44.88%) were females. Majority were Hindus (54.1%), from joint family (67.8%), belonged to class IV Socioeconomic status, with literate parents (81% fathers and 70.7% mothers), having maternal age between 20-30 years, having birth order one (37.5%), were attending Anganwadi regularly (71.7%), completed their immunization as per age (92.2%). Prevalence of malnutrition was 26.8% (Weight for height or length). 32 (15.6%) children were underweight, 20 (9.8%) children were in MAM i.e. moderate acute malnutrition, and 03 (1.4%) were in SAM i.e. severe acute malnutrition. Prevalence of malnutrition in 166 under 5 children was 72.9 %. 94 (56.6%) children were underweight, 24 (14.5%) children were in MAM, and 03 (1.8%) were in SAM. Prevalence of stunting was 64.5%. Majority children had normal mid arm circumference. Conclusions: Undernutrition was more prevalent in age group of 13-24 months, females, Hindus, class 4 SES, in those having illiterate mothers, in children having birth order one and those with incomplete immunization.

Introduction: Breastfeeding has many benefits for mother and infants. Successful breastfeeding is... more Introduction: Breastfeeding has many benefits for mother and infants. Successful breastfeeding is the first step towards good nutrition. But there are many hurdles for it, like breast related complications like Mastitis or a working mother. Such cases can be benefited by breast milk expression. Having knowledge and good attitude towards EBM is first step towards promoting practice of expression of Breast milk. Objectives: 1. To study the level of knowledge and attitude of mothers towards expression of breast milk. 2. To study the pattern of expression of breast milk in them. Methodology: A cross-sectional questionnaire based study was carried out amongst 95 mothers attending Tertiary care hospital in Miraj during August 2014. Results: The analysis has indicated that every mother was not aware of the methods of breast milk expression. Correct knowledge about EBM was present in 89 (93.7%) participants; correct knowledge about technique of milk expression and storage of expressed breas...

Background: Food that is offered to complement breast milk in order to meet baby’s growing needs ... more Background: Food that is offered to complement breast milk in order to meet baby’s growing needs is called
‘complementary food’. All National surveys have shown that gradual introduction of semisolids from six months has not
been effectively communicated. Nurses play a major role in communicating these messages to mothers as having more
opportunities to do so. It becomes essential that they should have the correct Knowledge and Attitude about
Complementary Feeding. Hence, the present study is carried out to assess the same. Objectives: 1. To determine the level
of knowledge and attitude about complementary feeding among the nursing staff. 2. To identify the areas where
rectification is needed. Methodology: A cross sectional study was carried out in 100 nurses of a tertiary care hospital in
Western Maharashtra during August 2014 using a semi-structured, pre-tested questionnaire. Results: 83% of participants
were females. The correct age of initiation of complementary feeding, benefits of breastfeeding during 2nd year and total
recommended duration of breastfeeding was not known to majority of the participants. 70% were aware of the foods to
be given and age wise proportion of breast feeding & complementary feeding sessions. Also 32% of participants thought
that ANC clinic is the only place to give such advice. Conclusions: The knowledge regarding complementary feeding
was not optimum.
Keywords: Complementary feeding, nursing staff, knowledge and attitude, IYCF.

Background: In developed countries, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are responsible for up to 50% ... more Background: In developed countries, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are responsible for up to 50% of the total deaths. There is evidence that job characteristics may be associated with CVDs, independently of the social status. Bank employees who deal with various types of customers, involves economic liabilities, high levels of accountability, greatly reduced physical activity, and sedentary mode of functioning may predispose for the development of various diseases like hypertension, obesity, and diabetes mellitus which are major risk factors for the CVDs. The easy and rapid calculation of a Framingham CVD risk score may assist the clinician and patient in demonstrating the benefits of treatment. Thus present study is carried out. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during January 2014 to December 2015 to study the prevalence of risk factors for CVDs and to assess the cardiovascular risk among the bank employees in Western Maharashtra. By using multistage sampling method, total 340 bank employees from 40 branches were included in the study after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After all ethical considerations, the data were collected by using pre-designed, pre-tested and semi-structured questionnaire and then analysed using MS Excel, SPSS-22 and Primer of Biostatistics. Results: Out of total 340, 73.5% were males, 39.7% were hypertensives, 18.8% were known diabetics, 66.8% were obese, 80.7% were centrally obese, 48.5% were sedentary, 17.7% were taking alcohol and 5.0% were smokers. 13.3% had known to have heart disease. Out of 318 participants, 119 (37.4%) had low risk of developing CVDs in 10 years, 126 (39.6%) had intermediate risk and 73 (23.0%) had high risk. There is an increasing trend from low risk to high risk with increasing age. Conclusions: Bank employees have high prevalence of CVD risk factors. Around 60 % had 10 year CVD risk as moderate to high making them a risk group which needs tailored intervention activities.

Background: Medico-legal case (MLC) can be defined as a case of injury or ailment, etc., in which... more Background: Medico-legal case (MLC) can be defined as a case of injury or ailment, etc., in which investigations by
the law-enforcing agencies are essential to fix the responsibility regarding the causation of the said injury or ailment.
Medico-legal cases are an integral part of medical practice that is frequently encountered by medical officers working
in casualty. Hence the present study is carried out to find out the frequency and pattern of medico-legal cases reported
at a tertiary care hospital and to highlight the vulnerable gender, age, residence and the cause.
Methods: It is a record based cross sectional study in which all the MLC cases registered in MLC record book during
a period of 6 months (January 13– June 13) were included. Cases found non medico-legal were excluded. Variables
considered were gender, age, residence and cause. Findings were expressed in numbers and percentages.
Results: Total cases were 2350, of which 1866 (79.4%) were males and 484 (20.6%) were females. Maximum cases
were from the age group of 21-30 years i.e., 828 (35.2%). 1440 (61.27%) were residents of urban area. Most of the
medico-legal cases registered were due to assault (27.2%) followed by medical examination of prisoners(25.9%), road
traffic accidents (19.7%), fall (6.9%), snake bite (6.6%), poisoning (4.3%), domestic injuries (4.3%), unknown bite
(2.2%), unknown found at railway station (1.6%), brought dead (0.6%), burn (0.2%) & others (0.5%).
Conclusions: Majority of the victims were males, young adults and urban inhabitants. Most common indication for
medico-legal cases was assault followed by medical check-up of prisoners and road traffic accidents.
Keywords: Medico-legal cases, Assault, Road traffic accidents, Snake bite, Poisoning

ABSTRACT Background: Hypertension, the-silent killer‖-is a modern day's epidemic and is becoming ... more ABSTRACT Background: Hypertension, the-silent killer‖-is a modern day's epidemic and is becoming a public health emergency worldwide, especially in the developing countries. Sedentary lifestyle and stress are important risk factors for hypertension. The job of bank employees is both sedentary in nature and accompanies high levels of mental stress, thereby at a higher risk of developing hypertension. Hence the present study was conducted to study the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among the bank employees in Western Maharashtra. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during January 2014 to December 2015 to assess the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among the bank employees in Western Maharashtra. By using multistage sampling method, total 340 bank employees from 40 branches were included in the study after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After all ethical considerations, the data were collected by using pre-designed, pre-tested and semi-structured questionnaire and then analysed using MS Excel, SPSS-22 and Primer of Biostatistics. Results: Overall prevalence of hypertension was 39.7% and that of pre-hypertension was 41.8% among the study population. Socio-demographic factors like age, male gender, family history of hypertension, mode of travel, physical activity, overweight, years of service, intake of coffee and smoking had shown significant association with hypertension. Conclusions: Prevalence of hypertension was found as significantly higher in bank employees than the general population of India. Among the non-hypertensives large part was pre-hypertensives which are also at high risk of developing hypertension in the future.

Original article, 2019

ckground: Nomophobia literally means no mobile phobia that is the fear of being out of mobile pho... more ckground: Nomophobia literally means no mobile phobia that is the fear of being out of mobile phone
contact. The use of mobile phones has now increased worldwide during the last decade. Hence this study was carried out
to evaluate mobile phone dependence among the study subjects. Methodology: The present study is a cross-sectional
study conducted amongst 246 M.B.B.S. students from Govt. Medical College. A pre-designed and pre-tested
questionnaire was used to study mobile phone dependence among the study subjects. The individual responses were
noted and the data was analysed using statistical software. Results: The study population comprised of 138(56.1%) males
and 108 (43.9%) females. Majority of students were of age group 19-22 years. Overall 21.95% were found to be
nomophobes, among them 14.6% were males and 7.3% were females. All students were having mobile phones, 75.6%
had installed games. 42.68% get stressed/ anxious when their mobile run out of battery and 41.5% keep mobile switched
off or silent when they go to sleep. 40.24% students would keep mobile phone on table in front of them when out for
dinner and 35.4% use mobile while having food. 36.6% get anxious if they won’t get an instant response to an SMS and
20.73 % always keep seeing mobile/waiting for a message or call to come.12.2% students answered that the thought of
turning off their mobile would send them in shiver. While attending classes 12.2 % of students don’t switch off/ keep in
silent mode and 10.97% receive call. Conclusion: The results of the study are suggestive of mobile phone dependence
and most of the study subjects knew that mobile use could be an addiction. As nomophobia is an emerging problem,
more studies are required to assess the real problem and to take the appropriate steps. The nomophobic students were
convinced on the harmful effects of using mobile phones.
Keywords: Nomophobia, mobile phone, dependence.

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, Mar 28, 2017

Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research, 2018

International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 2017

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health, Oct 25, 2017

Original article, 2019