Ulla Kampmann - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Ulla Kampmann
Cell Metabolism, Nov 1, 2021
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with impaired skeletal muscle function and degenera... more Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with impaired skeletal muscle function and degeneration of the skeletal muscles. However, the mechanisms underlying the degeneration are not well described in human skeletal muscle. Here we show that skeletal muscle of T2DM patients exhibit degenerative remodeling of the extracellular matrix that is associated with a selective increase of a subpopulation of fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) marked by expression of THY1 (CD90)-the FAPCD90+. We identify platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) as a key FAP regulator, as it promotes proliferation and collagen production at the expense of adipogenesis. FAPsCD90+ display a PDGF-mimetic phenotype, with high proliferative activity, clonogenicity, and production of extracellular matrix. FAPCD90+ proliferation was reduced by in vitro treatment with metformin. Furthermore, metformin treatment reduced FAP content in T2DM patients. These data identify a PDGF-driven conversion of a subpopulation of FAPs as a key event in the fibrosis development in T2DM muscle.
PubMed, May 9, 2022
In this case report, a 41-year-old nullipara obtained pregnancy one and a half year after a simul... more In this case report, a 41-year-old nullipara obtained pregnancy one and a half year after a simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation (SKP). After SKP, the woman had no need for insulin and no hypertension. Her kidney function was stable during pregnancy and no insulin was needed. During the last weeks of pregnancy, increased blood pressure was seen. Biochemically, there were no signs of preeclampsia and no proteinuria. An elective cesarean section was performed in gestational week 37+5 and a healthy boy, 2,710 g. (-1.2 standarddeviation) was born. Pregnancy after SKP is possible and can have a good prognosis.
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2021
CONTEXT Glucose homeostasis is under circadian control through both endocrine and intracellular m... more CONTEXT Glucose homeostasis is under circadian control through both endocrine and intracellular mechanisms with several lines of evidence suggesting that melatonin affects glucose homeostasis. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the acute in-vivo and in-situ effects of melatonin on secretion of the incretin hormones, GLP-1 and GIP, and their impact on β-cell insulin secretion. DESIGN A human randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover study combined with a confirmatory in-situ study of perfused rat intestines. SETTING Aarhus University Hospital.Methods: Fifteen healthy male participants were examined 2 x 2 times: An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed on day one and an isoglycemic intravenous glucose infusion replicating the blood glucose profile of the OGTT day was performed on day two. These pairs of study days were repeated on treatment with melatonin and placebo, respectively. For the in-situ study, six rat intestines and four rat pancreases were perfused arterially ...
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Hyperglycemia is the commonest medical condition affecting pregnancy and its incidence is increas... more Hyperglycemia is the commonest medical condition affecting pregnancy and its incidence is increasing globally in parallel with the twin epidemics of diabetes and obesity. Both pre-pregnancy diabetes and gestational diabetes are associated with short term pregnancy complications, with the risk of immediate complications generally broadly rising with more severe hyperglycemia. In this article we firstly consider these risks and their optimal management during pregnancy and then broaden our scope to consider the long-term implications of hyperglycemia in pregnancy as it relates to overall maternal and offspring health in a life course perspective.
Nutrients
Aims: This systematic review examines the association between maternal lifestyle, diet and physic... more Aims: This systematic review examines the association between maternal lifestyle, diet and physical activity, and epigenetic changes in the offspring. Methods: A literature search was conducted using multiple science databases: PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library, on 10 March 2021. RCT and Cohort studies in English or Scandinavian languages were included. Exposure variables included diet, lifestyle, meal patterns or physical activity. Studies using dietary supplements as exposure variables were excluded. Outcome variables included were DNA methylation, microRNA or histone changes in placenta, cord blood or offspring. Two independent authors screened, read and extracted data from the included papers. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB2) and The Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) Cohort Study Checklist were used to assess risk of bias in the included studies. A qualitative approach was employed due to heterogeneity of exposures and results of the studies. ...
Metabolism, 2014
Effects of 12 weeks high dose vitamin D3 treatment on insulin sensitivity, beta cell function, an... more Effects of 12 weeks high dose vitamin D3 treatment on insulin sensitivity, beta cell function, and metabolic markers in patients with type 2 diabetes and vitamin D insufficiencya double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial ☆ , ☆☆
Clinical Nutrition, 2009
Growth hormone (GH) and intracellular STAT 5 signalling represents a very old regulatory system a... more Growth hormone (GH) and intracellular STAT 5 signalling represents a very old regulatory system and, whereas insulin dominates periprandially, GH may be viewed as the primary anabolic hormone during stress and fasting. GH exerts metabolic effects both directly and through stimulation of IGF-I, insulin, and free fatty acids (FFA). When well nourished the GH-induced stimulation of IGF-I and insulin is important for tissue anabolism whereas during fasting and other catabolic states GH predominantly stimulates the release and oxidation of FFA which leads to decreased glucose and protein oxidation and preservation of LBM. The most prominent metabolic effect of GH is a marked increase in lipolysis and FFA levels. In the periprandial and postabsorptive states the effects of GH on protein metabolism are modest and include increased protein synthesis and decreased breakdown at the whole body level and in muscle together with decreased amino acid degradation/oxidation and decreased hepatic urea formation. During fasting and stress the effects of GH on protein metabolism become more pronounced; lack of GH during fasting increases protein loss and urea production rates by z 50% with a similar increase in muscle protein breakdown. The importance of GH is further substantiated by the observations that adult patients with GH-deficiency are obese and have reduced LBM, and impaired physical performance and acromegaly is characterised by increased LBM and decreased fat mass.
Journal of Pineal Research
The use of the sleep-promoting hormone melatonin is rapidly increasing as an assumed safe sleep a... more The use of the sleep-promoting hormone melatonin is rapidly increasing as an assumed safe sleep aid. During the last decade, accumulating observations suggest that melatonin affects glucose homeostasis, but the precise role remains to be defined. We investigated the metabolic effects of long-term melatonin treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes including determinations of insulin sensitivity and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. We used a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover design. Seventeen male participants with type 2 diabetes completed (1) 3 months of daily melatonin treatment (10 mg) 1 h before bedtime (M) and (2) 3 months of placebo treatment 1 h before bedtime (P). At the end of each treatment period, insulin secretion was assessed by an intravenous glucose tolerance test (0.3 g/ kg) (IVGTT) and insulin sensitivity was assessed by a hyperinsulinemiceuglycemic clamp (insulin infusion rate 1.5 mU/kg/min) (primary endpoints). Insulin sensitivity decreased after melatonin (3.6 [2.9-4.4] vs. 4.1 [3.2-5.2] mg/ (kg × min), p = .016). During the IVGTT, the second-phase insulin response was increased after melatonin (p = .03). In conclusion, melatonin treatment of male patients with type 2 diabetes for 3 months decreased insulin sensitivity by 12%. Clinical use of melatonin treatment in dosages of 10 mg should be reserved for conditions where the benefits will outweigh the potential negative impact on insulin sensitivity.
Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences
Maternal obesity is a global health concern that is associated with significant effects on both s... more Maternal obesity is a global health concern that is associated with significant effects on both short- and long-term health of both mother and child. However, maternal lifestyle interventions tend to focus solely on diet and physical activity in ways that disembody and disengage the social context in which women live their lives. The aim of this study was to explore the lived experiences of maternal obesity and delve into how experiences of the body and motherhood affect women's motivation for participating in a postpartum lifestyle intervention. A qualitative study using in-depth semi-structured interviews based on participant-generated photographs was used to allow the women to openly express their lived experiences of maternal obesity. The study emanated from a gynaecological department of a major Danish hospital, and five pregnant or postpartum women living with obesity participated. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and analysed using an Interpretive Phenomenological Approach. The analysis identified an overall theme of ambivalence and four subthemes among the participating women. The themes reflected contrasting feelings where the obese body was simultaneously an arena for aesthetic failure, functional success and moral dilemmas. Experiences of weight stigma and moral accusations in healthcare settings further increased the women's sense of ambivalence and challenged their strong desire to lose weight. This study highlights an ambivalent and vulnerable situation of maternal obesity which makes moral sensitivity towards weight and body concerns crucial to consider in future maternal health interventions. Our data suggest that an emphasis on functionality and capability rather than aesthetics and measured ideals would be useful in providing care and support in postpartum lifestyle interventions for women living with obesity.
Journal of the Endocrine Society, 2022
Background Blood lipid levels are linked to the risk of cardiovascular disease and regulated by g... more Background Blood lipid levels are linked to the risk of cardiovascular disease and regulated by genetic factors. A low-frequency polymorphism Arg82Cys (rs72836561) in the membrane protein nepmucin, encoded by CD300LG, is associated with lower fasting concentration of HDL-cholesterol and higher fasting triglycerides. However, whether the variant is linked to postprandial lipids and glycemic status remains elusive. Here, we augment the genetic effect of Arg82Cys on fasting plasma concentrations of HDL subclasses, postprandial lipemia after a standardized high-fat meal, and glycemic status to further untangle its role in HDL-metabolism. Methods Therefore, we elucidated fasting associations with HDL subclasses in a population-based cohort study (Oxford Biobank, OBB), including 4,522 healthy men and women. We investigated fasting and postprandial consequences on HDL metabolism in recall-by-genotype (RbG) studies (fasting: 20 carrier/20 non-carrier; postprandial: 7 carrier/17 non-carrier)...
Aims: Subgroups of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus demand large insulin doses to maintain ... more Aims: Subgroups of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus demand large insulin doses to maintain euglycemia. These patients are characterized by severe skeletal muscle insulin resistance and the underlying pathology remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine protein expression of the principal glucose transporter, GLUT4, and associated proteins in skeletal muscle from type 2 diabetic patients characterized by severe insulin resistance. Methods: Seven type 2 diabetic patients with severe insulin resistance (mean insulin dose 195 IU/day) were compared with seven age matched type 2 diabetic patients who did not require insulin treatment, and with an age matched healthy control group. Protein expression of GLUT4 and associated proteins was assessed in muscle and fat biopsies using standard western blotting techniques. Results: GLUT4 protein expression was significantly reduced by,30 pct in skeletal muscle tissue from severely insulin resistant type 2 diabetic subjects, co...
The aim of this study was to determine whether the metabolic glucose profile, based on glycaemic ... more The aim of this study was to determine whether the metabolic glucose profile, based on glycaemic control and insulin requirements, was different in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) compared to women with only GDM.
BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care
IntroductionThe metabolic abnormalities underlying gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) include in... more IntroductionThe metabolic abnormalities underlying gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) include increased insulin resistance and beta cell defects, but it is essential to clarify how insulin resistance and insulin secretion develop post partum in order to decide when and how to screen for type 2 diabetes. The purpose of the present study was to characterize and compare changes in insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion and hormonal status around parturition and 6 months post partum in women with gestational diabetes.Research design and methodsA longitudinal experimental study was performed at Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark. Eight women with GDM were examined at three identical visits: in late pregnancy (LP) between gestational age 34+0 and 36+6, early post partum (EPP) between 12 and 34 days post partum, and late post partum (LPP) 6 months post partum. An intravenous glucose tolerance test was performed, followed by a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. Blood samples were collecte...
Nutrients
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among pregnant women increases the risk of both short-term an... more Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among pregnant women increases the risk of both short-term and long-term complications, such as birth complications, babies large for gestational age (LGA), and type 2 diabetes in both mother and offspring. Lifestyle changes are essential in the management of GDM. In this review, we seek to provide an overview of the lifestyle changes which can be recommended in the management of GDM. The diet recommended for women with GDM should contain sufficient macronutrients and micronutrients to support the growth of the foetus and, at the same time, limit postprandial glucose excursions and encourage appropriate maternal gestational weight gain. Blood glucose excursions and hyperglycaemic episodes depend on carbohydrate-intake. Therefore, nutritional counselling should focus on the type, amount, and distribution of carbohydrates in the diet. Further, physical activity has beneficial effects on glucose and insulin levels and it can contribute to a better gl...
ABSTRACTAging and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are associated with impaired skeletal muscle fu... more ABSTRACTAging and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are associated with impaired skeletal muscle function and degeneration of the skeletal muscle microenvironment. However, the origin and mechanisms underlying the degeneration are not well described in human skeletal muscle. Here we show that skeletal muscles of T2DM patients exhibit pathological degenerative remodeling of the extracellular matrix that was associated with a selective increase of a subpopulation of fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) marked by expression of THY1 (CD90) - the FAPCD90+. We identified Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) signaling as key regulator of human FAP biology, as it promotes proliferation and collagen production at the expense of adipogenesis, an effect accompanied with a metabolic shift towards glycolytic lactate fermentation. FAPsCD90+ showed a PDGF-mimetic phenotype, with high proliferative activity and clonogenicity, increased production of extracellular matrix production and enhanced glycol...
Cell Metabolism, Nov 1, 2021
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with impaired skeletal muscle function and degenera... more Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with impaired skeletal muscle function and degeneration of the skeletal muscles. However, the mechanisms underlying the degeneration are not well described in human skeletal muscle. Here we show that skeletal muscle of T2DM patients exhibit degenerative remodeling of the extracellular matrix that is associated with a selective increase of a subpopulation of fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) marked by expression of THY1 (CD90)-the FAPCD90+. We identify platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) as a key FAP regulator, as it promotes proliferation and collagen production at the expense of adipogenesis. FAPsCD90+ display a PDGF-mimetic phenotype, with high proliferative activity, clonogenicity, and production of extracellular matrix. FAPCD90+ proliferation was reduced by in vitro treatment with metformin. Furthermore, metformin treatment reduced FAP content in T2DM patients. These data identify a PDGF-driven conversion of a subpopulation of FAPs as a key event in the fibrosis development in T2DM muscle.
PubMed, May 9, 2022
In this case report, a 41-year-old nullipara obtained pregnancy one and a half year after a simul... more In this case report, a 41-year-old nullipara obtained pregnancy one and a half year after a simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation (SKP). After SKP, the woman had no need for insulin and no hypertension. Her kidney function was stable during pregnancy and no insulin was needed. During the last weeks of pregnancy, increased blood pressure was seen. Biochemically, there were no signs of preeclampsia and no proteinuria. An elective cesarean section was performed in gestational week 37+5 and a healthy boy, 2,710 g. (-1.2 standarddeviation) was born. Pregnancy after SKP is possible and can have a good prognosis.
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2021
CONTEXT Glucose homeostasis is under circadian control through both endocrine and intracellular m... more CONTEXT Glucose homeostasis is under circadian control through both endocrine and intracellular mechanisms with several lines of evidence suggesting that melatonin affects glucose homeostasis. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the acute in-vivo and in-situ effects of melatonin on secretion of the incretin hormones, GLP-1 and GIP, and their impact on β-cell insulin secretion. DESIGN A human randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover study combined with a confirmatory in-situ study of perfused rat intestines. SETTING Aarhus University Hospital.Methods: Fifteen healthy male participants were examined 2 x 2 times: An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed on day one and an isoglycemic intravenous glucose infusion replicating the blood glucose profile of the OGTT day was performed on day two. These pairs of study days were repeated on treatment with melatonin and placebo, respectively. For the in-situ study, six rat intestines and four rat pancreases were perfused arterially ...
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Hyperglycemia is the commonest medical condition affecting pregnancy and its incidence is increas... more Hyperglycemia is the commonest medical condition affecting pregnancy and its incidence is increasing globally in parallel with the twin epidemics of diabetes and obesity. Both pre-pregnancy diabetes and gestational diabetes are associated with short term pregnancy complications, with the risk of immediate complications generally broadly rising with more severe hyperglycemia. In this article we firstly consider these risks and their optimal management during pregnancy and then broaden our scope to consider the long-term implications of hyperglycemia in pregnancy as it relates to overall maternal and offspring health in a life course perspective.
Nutrients
Aims: This systematic review examines the association between maternal lifestyle, diet and physic... more Aims: This systematic review examines the association between maternal lifestyle, diet and physical activity, and epigenetic changes in the offspring. Methods: A literature search was conducted using multiple science databases: PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library, on 10 March 2021. RCT and Cohort studies in English or Scandinavian languages were included. Exposure variables included diet, lifestyle, meal patterns or physical activity. Studies using dietary supplements as exposure variables were excluded. Outcome variables included were DNA methylation, microRNA or histone changes in placenta, cord blood or offspring. Two independent authors screened, read and extracted data from the included papers. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB2) and The Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) Cohort Study Checklist were used to assess risk of bias in the included studies. A qualitative approach was employed due to heterogeneity of exposures and results of the studies. ...
Metabolism, 2014
Effects of 12 weeks high dose vitamin D3 treatment on insulin sensitivity, beta cell function, an... more Effects of 12 weeks high dose vitamin D3 treatment on insulin sensitivity, beta cell function, and metabolic markers in patients with type 2 diabetes and vitamin D insufficiencya double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial ☆ , ☆☆
Clinical Nutrition, 2009
Growth hormone (GH) and intracellular STAT 5 signalling represents a very old regulatory system a... more Growth hormone (GH) and intracellular STAT 5 signalling represents a very old regulatory system and, whereas insulin dominates periprandially, GH may be viewed as the primary anabolic hormone during stress and fasting. GH exerts metabolic effects both directly and through stimulation of IGF-I, insulin, and free fatty acids (FFA). When well nourished the GH-induced stimulation of IGF-I and insulin is important for tissue anabolism whereas during fasting and other catabolic states GH predominantly stimulates the release and oxidation of FFA which leads to decreased glucose and protein oxidation and preservation of LBM. The most prominent metabolic effect of GH is a marked increase in lipolysis and FFA levels. In the periprandial and postabsorptive states the effects of GH on protein metabolism are modest and include increased protein synthesis and decreased breakdown at the whole body level and in muscle together with decreased amino acid degradation/oxidation and decreased hepatic urea formation. During fasting and stress the effects of GH on protein metabolism become more pronounced; lack of GH during fasting increases protein loss and urea production rates by z 50% with a similar increase in muscle protein breakdown. The importance of GH is further substantiated by the observations that adult patients with GH-deficiency are obese and have reduced LBM, and impaired physical performance and acromegaly is characterised by increased LBM and decreased fat mass.
Journal of Pineal Research
The use of the sleep-promoting hormone melatonin is rapidly increasing as an assumed safe sleep a... more The use of the sleep-promoting hormone melatonin is rapidly increasing as an assumed safe sleep aid. During the last decade, accumulating observations suggest that melatonin affects glucose homeostasis, but the precise role remains to be defined. We investigated the metabolic effects of long-term melatonin treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes including determinations of insulin sensitivity and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. We used a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover design. Seventeen male participants with type 2 diabetes completed (1) 3 months of daily melatonin treatment (10 mg) 1 h before bedtime (M) and (2) 3 months of placebo treatment 1 h before bedtime (P). At the end of each treatment period, insulin secretion was assessed by an intravenous glucose tolerance test (0.3 g/ kg) (IVGTT) and insulin sensitivity was assessed by a hyperinsulinemiceuglycemic clamp (insulin infusion rate 1.5 mU/kg/min) (primary endpoints). Insulin sensitivity decreased after melatonin (3.6 [2.9-4.4] vs. 4.1 [3.2-5.2] mg/ (kg × min), p = .016). During the IVGTT, the second-phase insulin response was increased after melatonin (p = .03). In conclusion, melatonin treatment of male patients with type 2 diabetes for 3 months decreased insulin sensitivity by 12%. Clinical use of melatonin treatment in dosages of 10 mg should be reserved for conditions where the benefits will outweigh the potential negative impact on insulin sensitivity.
Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences
Maternal obesity is a global health concern that is associated with significant effects on both s... more Maternal obesity is a global health concern that is associated with significant effects on both short- and long-term health of both mother and child. However, maternal lifestyle interventions tend to focus solely on diet and physical activity in ways that disembody and disengage the social context in which women live their lives. The aim of this study was to explore the lived experiences of maternal obesity and delve into how experiences of the body and motherhood affect women's motivation for participating in a postpartum lifestyle intervention. A qualitative study using in-depth semi-structured interviews based on participant-generated photographs was used to allow the women to openly express their lived experiences of maternal obesity. The study emanated from a gynaecological department of a major Danish hospital, and five pregnant or postpartum women living with obesity participated. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and analysed using an Interpretive Phenomenological Approach. The analysis identified an overall theme of ambivalence and four subthemes among the participating women. The themes reflected contrasting feelings where the obese body was simultaneously an arena for aesthetic failure, functional success and moral dilemmas. Experiences of weight stigma and moral accusations in healthcare settings further increased the women's sense of ambivalence and challenged their strong desire to lose weight. This study highlights an ambivalent and vulnerable situation of maternal obesity which makes moral sensitivity towards weight and body concerns crucial to consider in future maternal health interventions. Our data suggest that an emphasis on functionality and capability rather than aesthetics and measured ideals would be useful in providing care and support in postpartum lifestyle interventions for women living with obesity.
Journal of the Endocrine Society, 2022
Background Blood lipid levels are linked to the risk of cardiovascular disease and regulated by g... more Background Blood lipid levels are linked to the risk of cardiovascular disease and regulated by genetic factors. A low-frequency polymorphism Arg82Cys (rs72836561) in the membrane protein nepmucin, encoded by CD300LG, is associated with lower fasting concentration of HDL-cholesterol and higher fasting triglycerides. However, whether the variant is linked to postprandial lipids and glycemic status remains elusive. Here, we augment the genetic effect of Arg82Cys on fasting plasma concentrations of HDL subclasses, postprandial lipemia after a standardized high-fat meal, and glycemic status to further untangle its role in HDL-metabolism. Methods Therefore, we elucidated fasting associations with HDL subclasses in a population-based cohort study (Oxford Biobank, OBB), including 4,522 healthy men and women. We investigated fasting and postprandial consequences on HDL metabolism in recall-by-genotype (RbG) studies (fasting: 20 carrier/20 non-carrier; postprandial: 7 carrier/17 non-carrier)...
Aims: Subgroups of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus demand large insulin doses to maintain ... more Aims: Subgroups of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus demand large insulin doses to maintain euglycemia. These patients are characterized by severe skeletal muscle insulin resistance and the underlying pathology remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine protein expression of the principal glucose transporter, GLUT4, and associated proteins in skeletal muscle from type 2 diabetic patients characterized by severe insulin resistance. Methods: Seven type 2 diabetic patients with severe insulin resistance (mean insulin dose 195 IU/day) were compared with seven age matched type 2 diabetic patients who did not require insulin treatment, and with an age matched healthy control group. Protein expression of GLUT4 and associated proteins was assessed in muscle and fat biopsies using standard western blotting techniques. Results: GLUT4 protein expression was significantly reduced by,30 pct in skeletal muscle tissue from severely insulin resistant type 2 diabetic subjects, co...
The aim of this study was to determine whether the metabolic glucose profile, based on glycaemic ... more The aim of this study was to determine whether the metabolic glucose profile, based on glycaemic control and insulin requirements, was different in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) compared to women with only GDM.
BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care
IntroductionThe metabolic abnormalities underlying gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) include in... more IntroductionThe metabolic abnormalities underlying gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) include increased insulin resistance and beta cell defects, but it is essential to clarify how insulin resistance and insulin secretion develop post partum in order to decide when and how to screen for type 2 diabetes. The purpose of the present study was to characterize and compare changes in insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion and hormonal status around parturition and 6 months post partum in women with gestational diabetes.Research design and methodsA longitudinal experimental study was performed at Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark. Eight women with GDM were examined at three identical visits: in late pregnancy (LP) between gestational age 34+0 and 36+6, early post partum (EPP) between 12 and 34 days post partum, and late post partum (LPP) 6 months post partum. An intravenous glucose tolerance test was performed, followed by a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. Blood samples were collecte...
Nutrients
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among pregnant women increases the risk of both short-term an... more Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among pregnant women increases the risk of both short-term and long-term complications, such as birth complications, babies large for gestational age (LGA), and type 2 diabetes in both mother and offspring. Lifestyle changes are essential in the management of GDM. In this review, we seek to provide an overview of the lifestyle changes which can be recommended in the management of GDM. The diet recommended for women with GDM should contain sufficient macronutrients and micronutrients to support the growth of the foetus and, at the same time, limit postprandial glucose excursions and encourage appropriate maternal gestational weight gain. Blood glucose excursions and hyperglycaemic episodes depend on carbohydrate-intake. Therefore, nutritional counselling should focus on the type, amount, and distribution of carbohydrates in the diet. Further, physical activity has beneficial effects on glucose and insulin levels and it can contribute to a better gl...
ABSTRACTAging and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are associated with impaired skeletal muscle fu... more ABSTRACTAging and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are associated with impaired skeletal muscle function and degeneration of the skeletal muscle microenvironment. However, the origin and mechanisms underlying the degeneration are not well described in human skeletal muscle. Here we show that skeletal muscles of T2DM patients exhibit pathological degenerative remodeling of the extracellular matrix that was associated with a selective increase of a subpopulation of fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) marked by expression of THY1 (CD90) - the FAPCD90+. We identified Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) signaling as key regulator of human FAP biology, as it promotes proliferation and collagen production at the expense of adipogenesis, an effect accompanied with a metabolic shift towards glycolytic lactate fermentation. FAPsCD90+ showed a PDGF-mimetic phenotype, with high proliferative activity and clonogenicity, increased production of extracellular matrix production and enhanced glycol...