V. Siderova - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by V. Siderova
Nutrition
The relationships between some parameters of the immune response and selenium were investigated i... more The relationships between some parameters of the immune response and selenium were investigated in five patients receiving home parenteral nutrition for short-bowel syndrome. They were first submitted to a relative depletion by providing 20 micrograms selenium/day as L-selenomethionine for 1 mo. Then, daily selenium intake was raised to 200 micrograms for 2-4 mo. On entering the study, the patients presented a relatively good health status, and immunological parameters were at the lowest limit of the normal range. Four patients rapidly responded to the 200-micrograms supplementation by a continuous increase in their plasma selenium levels, whereas the fifth patient showed a moderate and late increase. At the end of the trial, there was an improvement in the lymphocyte response to pokeweed and phytohemagglutinin mitogens in four patients and to CD3 in three patients. The response to two of three antigens (Candidin, Varidase) tested was also enhanced in the same patients, but the response to the third antigen (tetanus toxoid) was uniformly low in all patients. The only patient showing essentially no immune improvement after selenium supplementation was the one with a low and delayed increase in plasma selenium. This study supports a role for selenium in the maintenance of an optimal immune response in humans.
Journal of trace elements and electrolytes in health and disease, 1994
The phagocytosis of blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) was measured by cytofluorometry in 22 pa... more The phagocytosis of blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) was measured by cytofluorometry in 22 patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases before and after a 60-day treatment with 45 mg zinc daily or a placebo, and the values were compared with those obtained in a group of healthy subjects. Plasma zinc was lower than controls before supplementation and phagocytosis assessed by the percentage of PMNs exhibiting phagocytic activity was significantly impaired. Zinc supplementation increased the percentage of phagocytic PMNs and the mean phagocytic activity, particularly in subjects with initial low phagocytosis. The impairment of PMN phagocytosis could therefore be corrected by zinc supplementation, but the clinical consequence of this stimulant effect remains unknown.
Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology, 2001
Selenium is an essential trace element with antioxidant properties. Trials with selenium have bee... more Selenium is an essential trace element with antioxidant properties. Trials with selenium have been conducted in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to correct impaired selenium status and increase defences against deleterious oxidant species. To investigate in a double blind multi-centric placebo-controlled study the effects of selenium supplementation in RA. Fifty five patients with moderate RA received during 90 days either capsules containing selenium-enriched yeast (200 microg/d) or a placebo. The visual analog scale, the Ritchie index, the number of swollen and painful joints, and morning stiffness significantly decreased with time in both groups (p<0.001), but no difference between groups could be identified. When examining the quality of life a significant (p<0.01) improvement in arm movements and health feeling was evidenced in selenium-treated patients. Selenium treatment did not show clinical benefit on RA. Interestingly, the improval in both groups demonstrated a placebo effect of the intervention trial.
Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, 2001
Zinc takes part in the metaboUsm of bone as a constituent of the matrix and as an activator of se... more Zinc takes part in the metaboUsm of bone as a constituent of the matrix and as an activator of several metal[o-enzymes. Animal in vitro and in vivo studies strongly suggest that zinc supplementation could stimulate bone formation and inhibit bone resorption but data in humans remain rare. The biological effects of 50 mg zinc given orally as gLuconate in 20 healthy male volunteers were investigated in a 12 weeks doubte-b[ind p[acebo-contro[ted randomized trial To investigate bone turnover, total alkaline phosphatases activity (ALP), bone specific alkaline phosphatase activity (BAP-E) and BAP mass (BAP-M) concentration were measured as parameters of bone formation while urine calcium and C-terminal collagen peptide were determined as parameters of bone resorption. Samples were obtained in fasting subjects at baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks. In zinc treated subjects, a significant increase was observed at Least after 12 weeks in total ALP (p < 0.01), BAP-M (p < 0.05) and BAP-E (p < 0.02). These parameters did not significantly change in the placebo group. Urine zinc/creatinine ratio significantly increased after 6 (p < 0.03) and 12 weeks (p < 0.04) in the zinctreated group and was significantly different from the placebo group (p < 0.002). There was no significant effect of zinc supplementation on parameters of bone resorption. In conclusion, zinc supplementation at supraphysioLogicaL doses increased parameters of bone formation in healthy men while parameters of bone resorption remained unchanged.
Clinical Nutrition, 1998
maximum CD formation. Untreated LDL contained (mean __. SD) 5.74 4-0.62 mol cetocopherol/mol LDL.... more maximum CD formation. Untreated LDL contained (mean __. SD) 5.74 4-0.62 mol cetocopherol/mol LDL. This c~-tocopherol content of LDL was associated with lag times of 96 4-19 and 92 ___ 23 min in experiments (i) and (ii), respectively. For both RRR-c~-tocopherol and Trolox, a dose-dependent increase in lag times (ANOVA, P < 0.001) and decreases in maximum rates of oxidation (P < 0.001) were observed for the entire vitamin E dose range. When the o~-tocopherol content of the LDL preparation was increased by 10 mol/mol (i.e. plasma incubated with 250 mM RRR-c~-tocopherol), lag times increased to 152 _+ 34 min (t-test, P<0.001) and rates of oxidation decreased from 0.0137 _+ 0.0029 to 0.0116 4-0.0026 (P<O.05). When the LDL preparations were supplemented with 10 mol Trolox/mol LDL, lag times increased to 171 4-32 min (P < 0.001 ) and rates of oxidation decreased from 0.0141 4-0.0024 to 0.0135 _+ 0.0011 (P<0.41). Maximum absorbance did not change significantly. This indicates that, at equimolar concentrations in the LDL preparations, Trolox appears to protect LDL more efficiently from oxidation than does RRR-c~-tocopherol. Trolox exerts its effect not only by delaying the onset of oxidation but also, when higher concentrations are used, by limiting the rate of oxidation once it has started.
Clinical Nutrition, 1998
The effect of diet composition on triacylglycerol (TG) metabolism was studied in healthy voluntee... more The effect of diet composition on triacylglycerol (TG) metabolism was studied in healthy volunteers following 15 days on either a high carbohydrate (CHO) diet (HC; CHO 75%, fat 10%, protein 15%) or a high fat diet (HF; CHO 30%, fat 55%, protein 15%). The order of the trials was randomised. On the day of the study catheters were inserted in a peripheral vein for tracer infusion and a femoral artery and a hepatic vein for measurement of splanchnic fatty acid and triacylglycerol metabolism. [U-13C]fatty acids were infused to measure fatty acid metabolism, whereas [1-13C]-TG, manufactured in vivo three days prior to the study, were infused to measure TG secretion. Whole body carbohydrate oxidation was higher (15.9 _+ 2.9 and 5.3 -+ 1.3 iJmol.kg -1.min-1; P < 0.05) whereas fatty acid oxidation was lower (2.4 _+ 0.5 and 5.2 -+ 0.6 IJmOl.kg -l.min-~; P < 0.05) following 15 days on the HC vs HF diet, respectively. Glucose balance across the splanchnic bed was similar in the two trials (P = NS). Very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)-TG production rate increased by ~50% after 15 days on the HC vs the HF diet (P< 0.05). Plasma VLDL-TG concentration was 0.8 + 0.2 and 0.4 _+ 0.1 mmol/I in the HF and HC diet, respectively (P<O.05). Similarly, total plasma TG concentration increased from 0.6 mmol/I in the HF diet to 1.1 _+0.3 mmol/I in the HC diet (P< 0.05). It is concluded that a 15 day intake of a diet containing 75% of the energy in the form of carbohydrates increases the production rate of VLDL-TG and elevates plasma TG concentration over those observed after a high fat diet. These data provide a mechanism for the observed hypetriglyceridemia when people consume high carbohydrate diets.
Clinical Nutrition, 1997
These results indirectly confirm our earlier observation that a disturbed energy balance is assoc... more These results indirectly confirm our earlier observation that a disturbed energy balance is associated with an elevated TDE, independently of REE. Prevalence of weight loss is higher in patients with emphysema, despite a comparable food intake and REE, which suggests that TDE is more enhanced in patients with emphysema compared to patients with chronic bronchitis, possibly related to hyperinflation and respiratory muscle weakness.
Clinical Nutrition, 1994
influence of early IEF on the occurrence of septic syndrome in patients with burns to more than 2... more influence of early IEF on the occurrence of septic syndrome in patients with burns to more than 20% of their body surface area (BSA). Material and methods: 64 patients older than 15 years were divided into two groups based on the time of starting IEF: Group A (n = 23) or Early IEF group who received IEF between the first 24 h post-burn; Group B (n = 41) or Delayed IEF group, IEF initiated after 24 h post-burn. There were no significant differences between both groups of patients in sex, age and BSA with 2nd and 3rd degree burns, lesions due to inhalation, and number of deaths. Mean % of BSA burn (BSAB) was 49.39% in Group A vs 39.15% in Group B (P < 0.05). Differences between the patients with more or less than 50% of BSAB were analysed in both groups. In all patients EF was performed at an intragastric level through small nasogastric tube and with continuous perfusion via a tube feeding pump system of the hyperproteic polymeric formula.
Clinical Nutrition, 1995
to infection and reduced duration of survival. The extent of this weight loss and its composition... more to infection and reduced duration of survival. The extent of this weight loss and its composition have been poorly documented in patients with pancreatic cancer. Thus information on the need for and timing of therapeutic intervention are unavailable. This study describes changes in weight and body composition in newly diagnosed patients with pancreatic cancer.
Clinical Nutrition, 1997
Houtkooper equations. IGF-1 plasma levels were measured and expressed as % of normal value for ag... more Houtkooper equations. IGF-1 plasma levels were measured and expressed as % of normal value for age and sex.
Clinical Nutrition, 1996
serum insulin 92 + 21 #U/ml), Rd was normalized to pre-op levels (3.15 (0.52) mg/kg/min) and an i... more serum insulin 92 + 21 #U/ml), Rd was normalized to pre-op levels (3.15 (0.52) mg/kg/min) and an increase of NOGU occurred without further alterations of translocations of Glut4 or substrate oxidation.
Clinical Nutrition, 1998
incubated (4 h; 37°C) with 3 LE containing long chain TG [LCT (soybean); FO (fish oil) and CO (ol... more incubated (4 h; 37°C) with 3 LE containing long chain TG [LCT (soybean); FO (fish oil) and CO (olive oil)], and 3 mixed LE [MCT/LCT (1:1; w:w); MLF 541 (50% MCT/40% LCT/10% FO) and MLF 532 (50% MCT/30% LCT/20% FO)] with a mass ratio (TG-LE/apoB-LDL = 12), in the absence or presence of lipoprotein poor plasma (LPP; d > 1.21 g/ml). LE were reseparated by ultracentrifugation (20 h; 170 000 g) and analysed by freeze fracture electron microscopy, Apo B (which does not transfer from LDL) was measured as an index of LDL binding. Results (mean %apoB _+ SEM; use of Student's unpaired t-test): LCT MCT/LCT MLF 541 MLF 532 FO O0 Electron microscopy showed LDL aggregation to LE particles, which resists 20 h ultracentrifugation. In absence of LPP, replacement of 50% LCT by MCT clearly decreased LDL binding (MCT/LCT vs LCT; P < 0.001). Inclusion of FO in mixed LE strongly raised the binding [(MLF541 and MLF532 vs MCT/LCT; P < 0.001); (MLF532 vs MLF541 ; P < 0.05)]. Striking differences were also observed between LE containing long chain TG [(OO and LCT vs FO; P < 0.001); (OO vs LCT; P < 0.005)].
Clinical Nutrition, 1991
Fatigue induces a marked decrease of high energy phosphate in muscle as assessed by the ratio of ... more Fatigue induces a marked decrease of high energy phosphate in muscle as assessed by the ratio of phosphocreatine (Per) to inorganic phosphorus (Pi). We compared the effect of different energy substrates on the restoration of Per/Pi in 3 groups of 4 rats isocalorically (2.87 k&/h/rat) infused with glucose, glucose t LCT (1:l) and glucose t MCT/LCT (1:l) with a control group of 4 rats infused with saline. Thirty minutes after the initiation of i.v. infusion, the rectus muscle was forced to contract by a nerve-stimulator at a rate of 4 rps for 5 min. Per/Pi was monitored by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy over 2 h. The forced contraction induced a decrees in Per/Pi to 38% of the basal values, followed by a slow restoration (to 88%) after 2 h in the control group. Glucose alone or with MCT/LCT induced a prompt recovery of Per/Pi with a return to basal values after 10 min. By contrast, Per/Pi was not restored to basal values until 1 h afterthe forced contraction in the glucose t LCT group, the values being significantly lower than in the 2 other fed groups at 10 and 30 min @ < 0.05). conClusiom MCT-containing emulsion can replete the reduced level of high-energy phosphate in muscular fatigue of rats more rapidly than LCT, with an effect comparable to glucose. A certain proportion of LCT seems to be first stored before being oxidized after some delay.
Clinical Nutrition, 1990
During lipid infusion, exogenous triglycerides (TG) are hydrolyzed by endothelial lipases. The re... more During lipid infusion, exogenous triglycerides (TG) are hydrolyzed by endothelial lipases. The resultii risa in plasma non esterifiad fatty acids (nefas) represents the balance batwean TG hydrolysis and tissue uptake. Hydrolysis of individual FA from emulsion TG and their contribution to plasma nafa rise were determined in 6 subjects during 5h infusion (0.1 g TG/kg.h) of 2 LCT emulsions with different TGFA pattern. Endogenous FA mobilization was kept constant at low levels by a combined infusion of glucose and aminoacids started 3h prior to lipid infusion. Plasma TG rose from 0.54 and 0.46 to plateaus of 1.68 and 1.64 mmoVI with emulsions A and B, respectively. Plasma Nefas increased from 0.10 to a plateau of 0.28 mmoVl with both emulsions. Before lipid infusion, FA pattern in plasma TG was 16:0, 29%; l&O, 5%; 16:l n -9, 39%; l&2 n -6,21% and in nefas 16:0, 28%; 18:0, 17%; 18:l n -9, 29%; 18:2 n -6, 13%. Relative FA contribution to plasma TG and nefas accumulation during lipid infusion is given in regard to emulsion FA pattern:
Nutrition, 1997
For years, intravenous lipid supply has been considered as a means of providing an efficient fuel... more For years, intravenous lipid supply has been considered as a means of providing an efficient fuel to many tissues of the body and of preventing or correcting essential fatty acid deficiency. The potential for lipid emulsions to modulate cell function via their content of specific fatty acids and of liposoluble vitamins has not received much attention yet. Soybean [long-chain triglycerides (LCT)] emulsions provide a valuable source of energy, but they are excessively rich in w-6 essential fatty acids (FAs). Their infusion is associated with an accumulation of linoleate and a reduction of long-chain ( -C20 ) w-6 and w-3 fatty acids in cell membrane phospholipids, as weil as with a depletion of antioxidant status, associated with a reducUon of atocopherol in plasma lipoproteins. Infusions of the mixed medium-chain Iriglycerides (MCT)/LCT (50%:50%; wt:wt) largely bypass these disadvantages. In addition, plasma elimination of MCT/LCT is faster than that of LCT. Recent advances indicate a great potential for ~-3 FAs incorporated into membrane phospholipids to modulate cell response to various stimuli and to influence several inWacellular metabolic processes. Furthermore, some of these FA directly influence the production and the action of important mediators, the eicosanoids. In practical terms, an increased intake of to-3 FAs may reduce inttammatory and thrombotic responses while protecting tissue microperfusion and immune defenses. Such properties may find interesling applications in several types of intensive care unit patients, provided that to-3 FA incorporation takes place promptly. We recently had the opportunity to study in vitro and in vivo the metabolism of emulsions made of a mixture of MCT, soybean LCT, and fish oil triglycerides. Plasma elimination of such preparations appeared to be very fast, and their infusion was not associated with a prolonged residence of emulsion partictes. In addition, uptake of remnants enriched with w-3 FAs and liposoluble vitamins was fairly fast and occurred in several types of cells, leading to an efficient incorporaüon of w-3 FAs in cell membranes within a few hours. The understanding that renmant uptake plays a significant role in the delivery of components included in lipid emulsions opens new areas of investigafion and is likely to find several conditions of applicafions for new types of preparations.
Nutrition
The relationships between some parameters of the immune response and selenium were investigated i... more The relationships between some parameters of the immune response and selenium were investigated in five patients receiving home parenteral nutrition for short-bowel syndrome. They were first submitted to a relative depletion by providing 20 micrograms selenium/day as L-selenomethionine for 1 mo. Then, daily selenium intake was raised to 200 micrograms for 2-4 mo. On entering the study, the patients presented a relatively good health status, and immunological parameters were at the lowest limit of the normal range. Four patients rapidly responded to the 200-micrograms supplementation by a continuous increase in their plasma selenium levels, whereas the fifth patient showed a moderate and late increase. At the end of the trial, there was an improvement in the lymphocyte response to pokeweed and phytohemagglutinin mitogens in four patients and to CD3 in three patients. The response to two of three antigens (Candidin, Varidase) tested was also enhanced in the same patients, but the response to the third antigen (tetanus toxoid) was uniformly low in all patients. The only patient showing essentially no immune improvement after selenium supplementation was the one with a low and delayed increase in plasma selenium. This study supports a role for selenium in the maintenance of an optimal immune response in humans.
Journal of trace elements and electrolytes in health and disease, 1994
The phagocytosis of blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) was measured by cytofluorometry in 22 pa... more The phagocytosis of blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) was measured by cytofluorometry in 22 patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases before and after a 60-day treatment with 45 mg zinc daily or a placebo, and the values were compared with those obtained in a group of healthy subjects. Plasma zinc was lower than controls before supplementation and phagocytosis assessed by the percentage of PMNs exhibiting phagocytic activity was significantly impaired. Zinc supplementation increased the percentage of phagocytic PMNs and the mean phagocytic activity, particularly in subjects with initial low phagocytosis. The impairment of PMN phagocytosis could therefore be corrected by zinc supplementation, but the clinical consequence of this stimulant effect remains unknown.
Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology, 2001
Selenium is an essential trace element with antioxidant properties. Trials with selenium have bee... more Selenium is an essential trace element with antioxidant properties. Trials with selenium have been conducted in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to correct impaired selenium status and increase defences against deleterious oxidant species. To investigate in a double blind multi-centric placebo-controlled study the effects of selenium supplementation in RA. Fifty five patients with moderate RA received during 90 days either capsules containing selenium-enriched yeast (200 microg/d) or a placebo. The visual analog scale, the Ritchie index, the number of swollen and painful joints, and morning stiffness significantly decreased with time in both groups (p<0.001), but no difference between groups could be identified. When examining the quality of life a significant (p<0.01) improvement in arm movements and health feeling was evidenced in selenium-treated patients. Selenium treatment did not show clinical benefit on RA. Interestingly, the improval in both groups demonstrated a placebo effect of the intervention trial.
Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology, 2001
Zinc takes part in the metaboUsm of bone as a constituent of the matrix and as an activator of se... more Zinc takes part in the metaboUsm of bone as a constituent of the matrix and as an activator of several metal[o-enzymes. Animal in vitro and in vivo studies strongly suggest that zinc supplementation could stimulate bone formation and inhibit bone resorption but data in humans remain rare. The biological effects of 50 mg zinc given orally as gLuconate in 20 healthy male volunteers were investigated in a 12 weeks doubte-b[ind p[acebo-contro[ted randomized trial To investigate bone turnover, total alkaline phosphatases activity (ALP), bone specific alkaline phosphatase activity (BAP-E) and BAP mass (BAP-M) concentration were measured as parameters of bone formation while urine calcium and C-terminal collagen peptide were determined as parameters of bone resorption. Samples were obtained in fasting subjects at baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks. In zinc treated subjects, a significant increase was observed at Least after 12 weeks in total ALP (p < 0.01), BAP-M (p < 0.05) and BAP-E (p < 0.02). These parameters did not significantly change in the placebo group. Urine zinc/creatinine ratio significantly increased after 6 (p < 0.03) and 12 weeks (p < 0.04) in the zinctreated group and was significantly different from the placebo group (p < 0.002). There was no significant effect of zinc supplementation on parameters of bone resorption. In conclusion, zinc supplementation at supraphysioLogicaL doses increased parameters of bone formation in healthy men while parameters of bone resorption remained unchanged.
Clinical Nutrition, 1998
maximum CD formation. Untreated LDL contained (mean __. SD) 5.74 4-0.62 mol cetocopherol/mol LDL.... more maximum CD formation. Untreated LDL contained (mean __. SD) 5.74 4-0.62 mol cetocopherol/mol LDL. This c~-tocopherol content of LDL was associated with lag times of 96 4-19 and 92 ___ 23 min in experiments (i) and (ii), respectively. For both RRR-c~-tocopherol and Trolox, a dose-dependent increase in lag times (ANOVA, P < 0.001) and decreases in maximum rates of oxidation (P < 0.001) were observed for the entire vitamin E dose range. When the o~-tocopherol content of the LDL preparation was increased by 10 mol/mol (i.e. plasma incubated with 250 mM RRR-c~-tocopherol), lag times increased to 152 _+ 34 min (t-test, P<0.001) and rates of oxidation decreased from 0.0137 _+ 0.0029 to 0.0116 4-0.0026 (P<O.05). When the LDL preparations were supplemented with 10 mol Trolox/mol LDL, lag times increased to 171 4-32 min (P < 0.001 ) and rates of oxidation decreased from 0.0141 4-0.0024 to 0.0135 _+ 0.0011 (P<0.41). Maximum absorbance did not change significantly. This indicates that, at equimolar concentrations in the LDL preparations, Trolox appears to protect LDL more efficiently from oxidation than does RRR-c~-tocopherol. Trolox exerts its effect not only by delaying the onset of oxidation but also, when higher concentrations are used, by limiting the rate of oxidation once it has started.
Clinical Nutrition, 1998
The effect of diet composition on triacylglycerol (TG) metabolism was studied in healthy voluntee... more The effect of diet composition on triacylglycerol (TG) metabolism was studied in healthy volunteers following 15 days on either a high carbohydrate (CHO) diet (HC; CHO 75%, fat 10%, protein 15%) or a high fat diet (HF; CHO 30%, fat 55%, protein 15%). The order of the trials was randomised. On the day of the study catheters were inserted in a peripheral vein for tracer infusion and a femoral artery and a hepatic vein for measurement of splanchnic fatty acid and triacylglycerol metabolism. [U-13C]fatty acids were infused to measure fatty acid metabolism, whereas [1-13C]-TG, manufactured in vivo three days prior to the study, were infused to measure TG secretion. Whole body carbohydrate oxidation was higher (15.9 _+ 2.9 and 5.3 -+ 1.3 iJmol.kg -1.min-1; P < 0.05) whereas fatty acid oxidation was lower (2.4 _+ 0.5 and 5.2 -+ 0.6 IJmOl.kg -l.min-~; P < 0.05) following 15 days on the HC vs HF diet, respectively. Glucose balance across the splanchnic bed was similar in the two trials (P = NS). Very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)-TG production rate increased by ~50% after 15 days on the HC vs the HF diet (P< 0.05). Plasma VLDL-TG concentration was 0.8 + 0.2 and 0.4 _+ 0.1 mmol/I in the HF and HC diet, respectively (P<O.05). Similarly, total plasma TG concentration increased from 0.6 mmol/I in the HF diet to 1.1 _+0.3 mmol/I in the HC diet (P< 0.05). It is concluded that a 15 day intake of a diet containing 75% of the energy in the form of carbohydrates increases the production rate of VLDL-TG and elevates plasma TG concentration over those observed after a high fat diet. These data provide a mechanism for the observed hypetriglyceridemia when people consume high carbohydrate diets.
Clinical Nutrition, 1997
These results indirectly confirm our earlier observation that a disturbed energy balance is assoc... more These results indirectly confirm our earlier observation that a disturbed energy balance is associated with an elevated TDE, independently of REE. Prevalence of weight loss is higher in patients with emphysema, despite a comparable food intake and REE, which suggests that TDE is more enhanced in patients with emphysema compared to patients with chronic bronchitis, possibly related to hyperinflation and respiratory muscle weakness.
Clinical Nutrition, 1994
influence of early IEF on the occurrence of septic syndrome in patients with burns to more than 2... more influence of early IEF on the occurrence of septic syndrome in patients with burns to more than 20% of their body surface area (BSA). Material and methods: 64 patients older than 15 years were divided into two groups based on the time of starting IEF: Group A (n = 23) or Early IEF group who received IEF between the first 24 h post-burn; Group B (n = 41) or Delayed IEF group, IEF initiated after 24 h post-burn. There were no significant differences between both groups of patients in sex, age and BSA with 2nd and 3rd degree burns, lesions due to inhalation, and number of deaths. Mean % of BSA burn (BSAB) was 49.39% in Group A vs 39.15% in Group B (P < 0.05). Differences between the patients with more or less than 50% of BSAB were analysed in both groups. In all patients EF was performed at an intragastric level through small nasogastric tube and with continuous perfusion via a tube feeding pump system of the hyperproteic polymeric formula.
Clinical Nutrition, 1995
to infection and reduced duration of survival. The extent of this weight loss and its composition... more to infection and reduced duration of survival. The extent of this weight loss and its composition have been poorly documented in patients with pancreatic cancer. Thus information on the need for and timing of therapeutic intervention are unavailable. This study describes changes in weight and body composition in newly diagnosed patients with pancreatic cancer.
Clinical Nutrition, 1997
Houtkooper equations. IGF-1 plasma levels were measured and expressed as % of normal value for ag... more Houtkooper equations. IGF-1 plasma levels were measured and expressed as % of normal value for age and sex.
Clinical Nutrition, 1996
serum insulin 92 + 21 #U/ml), Rd was normalized to pre-op levels (3.15 (0.52) mg/kg/min) and an i... more serum insulin 92 + 21 #U/ml), Rd was normalized to pre-op levels (3.15 (0.52) mg/kg/min) and an increase of NOGU occurred without further alterations of translocations of Glut4 or substrate oxidation.
Clinical Nutrition, 1998
incubated (4 h; 37°C) with 3 LE containing long chain TG [LCT (soybean); FO (fish oil) and CO (ol... more incubated (4 h; 37°C) with 3 LE containing long chain TG [LCT (soybean); FO (fish oil) and CO (olive oil)], and 3 mixed LE [MCT/LCT (1:1; w:w); MLF 541 (50% MCT/40% LCT/10% FO) and MLF 532 (50% MCT/30% LCT/20% FO)] with a mass ratio (TG-LE/apoB-LDL = 12), in the absence or presence of lipoprotein poor plasma (LPP; d > 1.21 g/ml). LE were reseparated by ultracentrifugation (20 h; 170 000 g) and analysed by freeze fracture electron microscopy, Apo B (which does not transfer from LDL) was measured as an index of LDL binding. Results (mean %apoB _+ SEM; use of Student's unpaired t-test): LCT MCT/LCT MLF 541 MLF 532 FO O0 Electron microscopy showed LDL aggregation to LE particles, which resists 20 h ultracentrifugation. In absence of LPP, replacement of 50% LCT by MCT clearly decreased LDL binding (MCT/LCT vs LCT; P < 0.001). Inclusion of FO in mixed LE strongly raised the binding [(MLF541 and MLF532 vs MCT/LCT; P < 0.001); (MLF532 vs MLF541 ; P < 0.05)]. Striking differences were also observed between LE containing long chain TG [(OO and LCT vs FO; P < 0.001); (OO vs LCT; P < 0.005)].
Clinical Nutrition, 1991
Fatigue induces a marked decrease of high energy phosphate in muscle as assessed by the ratio of ... more Fatigue induces a marked decrease of high energy phosphate in muscle as assessed by the ratio of phosphocreatine (Per) to inorganic phosphorus (Pi). We compared the effect of different energy substrates on the restoration of Per/Pi in 3 groups of 4 rats isocalorically (2.87 k&/h/rat) infused with glucose, glucose t LCT (1:l) and glucose t MCT/LCT (1:l) with a control group of 4 rats infused with saline. Thirty minutes after the initiation of i.v. infusion, the rectus muscle was forced to contract by a nerve-stimulator at a rate of 4 rps for 5 min. Per/Pi was monitored by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy over 2 h. The forced contraction induced a decrees in Per/Pi to 38% of the basal values, followed by a slow restoration (to 88%) after 2 h in the control group. Glucose alone or with MCT/LCT induced a prompt recovery of Per/Pi with a return to basal values after 10 min. By contrast, Per/Pi was not restored to basal values until 1 h afterthe forced contraction in the glucose t LCT group, the values being significantly lower than in the 2 other fed groups at 10 and 30 min @ < 0.05). conClusiom MCT-containing emulsion can replete the reduced level of high-energy phosphate in muscular fatigue of rats more rapidly than LCT, with an effect comparable to glucose. A certain proportion of LCT seems to be first stored before being oxidized after some delay.
Clinical Nutrition, 1990
During lipid infusion, exogenous triglycerides (TG) are hydrolyzed by endothelial lipases. The re... more During lipid infusion, exogenous triglycerides (TG) are hydrolyzed by endothelial lipases. The resultii risa in plasma non esterifiad fatty acids (nefas) represents the balance batwean TG hydrolysis and tissue uptake. Hydrolysis of individual FA from emulsion TG and their contribution to plasma nafa rise were determined in 6 subjects during 5h infusion (0.1 g TG/kg.h) of 2 LCT emulsions with different TGFA pattern. Endogenous FA mobilization was kept constant at low levels by a combined infusion of glucose and aminoacids started 3h prior to lipid infusion. Plasma TG rose from 0.54 and 0.46 to plateaus of 1.68 and 1.64 mmoVI with emulsions A and B, respectively. Plasma Nefas increased from 0.10 to a plateau of 0.28 mmoVl with both emulsions. Before lipid infusion, FA pattern in plasma TG was 16:0, 29%; l&O, 5%; 16:l n -9, 39%; l&2 n -6,21% and in nefas 16:0, 28%; 18:0, 17%; 18:l n -9, 29%; 18:2 n -6, 13%. Relative FA contribution to plasma TG and nefas accumulation during lipid infusion is given in regard to emulsion FA pattern:
Nutrition, 1997
For years, intravenous lipid supply has been considered as a means of providing an efficient fuel... more For years, intravenous lipid supply has been considered as a means of providing an efficient fuel to many tissues of the body and of preventing or correcting essential fatty acid deficiency. The potential for lipid emulsions to modulate cell function via their content of specific fatty acids and of liposoluble vitamins has not received much attention yet. Soybean [long-chain triglycerides (LCT)] emulsions provide a valuable source of energy, but they are excessively rich in w-6 essential fatty acids (FAs). Their infusion is associated with an accumulation of linoleate and a reduction of long-chain ( -C20 ) w-6 and w-3 fatty acids in cell membrane phospholipids, as weil as with a depletion of antioxidant status, associated with a reducUon of atocopherol in plasma lipoproteins. Infusions of the mixed medium-chain Iriglycerides (MCT)/LCT (50%:50%; wt:wt) largely bypass these disadvantages. In addition, plasma elimination of MCT/LCT is faster than that of LCT. Recent advances indicate a great potential for ~-3 FAs incorporated into membrane phospholipids to modulate cell response to various stimuli and to influence several inWacellular metabolic processes. Furthermore, some of these FA directly influence the production and the action of important mediators, the eicosanoids. In practical terms, an increased intake of to-3 FAs may reduce inttammatory and thrombotic responses while protecting tissue microperfusion and immune defenses. Such properties may find interesling applications in several types of intensive care unit patients, provided that to-3 FA incorporation takes place promptly. We recently had the opportunity to study in vitro and in vivo the metabolism of emulsions made of a mixture of MCT, soybean LCT, and fish oil triglycerides. Plasma elimination of such preparations appeared to be very fast, and their infusion was not associated with a prolonged residence of emulsion partictes. In addition, uptake of remnants enriched with w-3 FAs and liposoluble vitamins was fairly fast and occurred in several types of cells, leading to an efficient incorporaüon of w-3 FAs in cell membranes within a few hours. The understanding that renmant uptake plays a significant role in the delivery of components included in lipid emulsions opens new areas of investigafion and is likely to find several conditions of applicafions for new types of preparations.