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Papers by Vaidehi Sarvaiya

Research paper thumbnail of Pharmacokinetics of cefpirome following intravenous and intramuscular administrations in healthy and febrile sheep (Ovis aries)

Research paper thumbnail of Plasma pharmacokinetics and dosage regimen of cefpirome sulfate in ewes

Veterinarski Arhiv, Sep 19, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Amphotericin B: Insight into the advances in preclinical and clinical development

Emergent life sciences research, 2024

Amphotericin B (AmB) is a recognized antifungal drug derived from a natural source that has been ... more Amphotericin B (AmB) is a recognized antifungal drug derived from a natural source that has been used for more than five decades to treat various fungal as well as protozoal infections. In the past two years, the drug has returned to the forefront of medical discussions as the preferred treatment for COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM), popularly known as black fungus infections. AmB acts by binding to ergosterol present in the fungal cells resulting in the formation of pore ion channels and thus making the fungal cell membrane dysfunctional. It also produces free radicals inside fungal cells and thus impairs vital cellular pathways of the fungus. Low fungal resistance and broad-spectrum activity against an array of fungal species support the continued use of AmB for decades. However, nephrotoxicity produced by conventional formulations of AmB is a major limitation of their use and is the reason for the search for safer advanced lipid-based formulations and nano-formulations. The price of the medication with newer AmB formulations and the intravenous route of administration are the major obstacles to their widespread clinical use. Due to its significant toxicity, AmB is mainly used to treat life-threatening fungal infections and leishmaniasis only. This review provides an insight into the preclinical and clinical advancement of various AmB formulations, including its nano-formulations, promising for the therapy of susceptible infections in humans and animals.

Research paper thumbnail of Dosage Derivation of Marbofloxacin in Broiler Chickens based on Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Integration

Indian Journal of Veterinary Sciences & Biotechnology

Marbofloxacin, a veterinary–exclusive antimicrobial drug of third–generation fluoroquinolone clas... more Marbofloxacin, a veterinary–exclusive antimicrobial drug of third–generation fluoroquinolone class, exhibits wide spectrum antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative as well as Gram-positive bacteria, and thus, is a promising agent to treat susceptible bacterial infections in poultry. Therefore, the present study was conducted to derive dosage regimen of marbofloxacin based on the results of intravenous and oral pharmacokinetic (PK) trial in sixteen healthy broiler chickens. Plasma concentrations of marbofloxacin were measured by optimized and in-house validated Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) method. The PK parameters were calculated from plasma concentrations versus time data by non-compartmental analysis using ‘PK Solver 2.0’ software. Following oral administration of marbofloxacin at the dose rate of 5 mg/kg body weight, the mean maximal plasma concentration (Cmax: 2.193 µg/ml) was achieved at 1.68 h. Marbofloxacin showed long half-life (6.03 h), high volu...

Research paper thumbnail of Pharmacokinetic evaluation of roxithromycin and ciprofloxacin in treating complicated avian mycoplasmosis in broiler chickens

The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences

The use of roxithromycin along with ciprofloxacin is having potential to be a promising antimicro... more The use of roxithromycin along with ciprofloxacin is having potential to be a promising antimicrobial therapy to treat complicated avian mycoplasmosis in broiler chickens. The present research was undertaken to study the influence of roxithromycin (20 mg/kg body weight) and ciprofloxacin (10 mg/kg body weight) on the oral pharmacokinetics of each other, when both drugs are concomitantly administered in eight healthy male broiler chickens (n=8) and to establish their therapeutic dosage regimens. Their plasma concentrations were assayed by validated ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) methods using UV detector. Oral pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated from plasma concentration versus time data based on non-compartmental analysis. Statistically, plasma roxithromycin concentration was significantly higher at one time point only (0.5 h) and plasma ciprofloxacin concentration was significantly lower at the time point of 2 h only when used in combination, in compari...

Research paper thumbnail of Comparative Study on Heavy Metal Contamination in Soil, Water and Fodder between Industrial and Non-industrial Areas of Kutch District, Gujarat, India

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2019

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of Food and Nutritional Status of Animals on Antimicrobial Drug Disposition

International Journal of Livestock Research, 2017

Interaction of any drug with nutritional components is an important clinical phenomenon having si... more Interaction of any drug with nutritional components is an important clinical phenomenon having significant impact on therapeutic prognosis of diseased animals. Drug-Nutrient Interactions (DNIs) occur either directly between drug and nutrient or indirectly between drug and nutritional status or vice-versa. Antimicrobials being the largest segment of veterinary pharmaceuticals used clinically need special attention in this aspect. Abnormal nutritional status including protein-energy malnutrition and obesity has great impact on drug disposition. Foods may affect the disposition processes of antimicrobial drugs and their negative clinical impact can be minimized by correcting nutritional status, altering time interval between administration of drug and food, or by adjusting dosage regimen. Thus, proper knowledge of such interactions is indispensable to minimize harmful effects like therapeutic failure, emergence of antimicrobial resistance, nutritional adversities and drug-toxicities. .

Research paper thumbnail of Antimicrobial Drug Discovery: Evident Shifting from Terrestrial to Marine Micro-organisms

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of Plasma pharmacokinetics and dosage regimen of cefpirome sulfate in ewes

Veterinarski Arhiv, Sep 19, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Heavy Metal Concentrations with Regard to Inter-Species Variation in Cattle and Buffalo Milk Collected from Different Areas of North Gujarat

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of antigout activity of Phyllanthus emblica fruit extracts on potassium oxonate-induced gout rat model

Research paper thumbnail of Pharmacokinetics of cefpirome following intravenous and intramuscular administrations in healthy and febrile sheep (Ovis aries)

Research paper thumbnail of Plasma pharmacokinetics and dosage regimen of cefpirome sulfate in ewes

Veterinarski Arhiv, Sep 19, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Amphotericin B: Insight into the advances in preclinical and clinical development

Emergent life sciences research, 2024

Amphotericin B (AmB) is a recognized antifungal drug derived from a natural source that has been ... more Amphotericin B (AmB) is a recognized antifungal drug derived from a natural source that has been used for more than five decades to treat various fungal as well as protozoal infections. In the past two years, the drug has returned to the forefront of medical discussions as the preferred treatment for COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM), popularly known as black fungus infections. AmB acts by binding to ergosterol present in the fungal cells resulting in the formation of pore ion channels and thus making the fungal cell membrane dysfunctional. It also produces free radicals inside fungal cells and thus impairs vital cellular pathways of the fungus. Low fungal resistance and broad-spectrum activity against an array of fungal species support the continued use of AmB for decades. However, nephrotoxicity produced by conventional formulations of AmB is a major limitation of their use and is the reason for the search for safer advanced lipid-based formulations and nano-formulations. The price of the medication with newer AmB formulations and the intravenous route of administration are the major obstacles to their widespread clinical use. Due to its significant toxicity, AmB is mainly used to treat life-threatening fungal infections and leishmaniasis only. This review provides an insight into the preclinical and clinical advancement of various AmB formulations, including its nano-formulations, promising for the therapy of susceptible infections in humans and animals.

Research paper thumbnail of Dosage Derivation of Marbofloxacin in Broiler Chickens based on Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Integration

Indian Journal of Veterinary Sciences & Biotechnology

Marbofloxacin, a veterinary–exclusive antimicrobial drug of third–generation fluoroquinolone clas... more Marbofloxacin, a veterinary–exclusive antimicrobial drug of third–generation fluoroquinolone class, exhibits wide spectrum antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative as well as Gram-positive bacteria, and thus, is a promising agent to treat susceptible bacterial infections in poultry. Therefore, the present study was conducted to derive dosage regimen of marbofloxacin based on the results of intravenous and oral pharmacokinetic (PK) trial in sixteen healthy broiler chickens. Plasma concentrations of marbofloxacin were measured by optimized and in-house validated Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) method. The PK parameters were calculated from plasma concentrations versus time data by non-compartmental analysis using ‘PK Solver 2.0’ software. Following oral administration of marbofloxacin at the dose rate of 5 mg/kg body weight, the mean maximal plasma concentration (Cmax: 2.193 µg/ml) was achieved at 1.68 h. Marbofloxacin showed long half-life (6.03 h), high volu...

Research paper thumbnail of Pharmacokinetic evaluation of roxithromycin and ciprofloxacin in treating complicated avian mycoplasmosis in broiler chickens

The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences

The use of roxithromycin along with ciprofloxacin is having potential to be a promising antimicro... more The use of roxithromycin along with ciprofloxacin is having potential to be a promising antimicrobial therapy to treat complicated avian mycoplasmosis in broiler chickens. The present research was undertaken to study the influence of roxithromycin (20 mg/kg body weight) and ciprofloxacin (10 mg/kg body weight) on the oral pharmacokinetics of each other, when both drugs are concomitantly administered in eight healthy male broiler chickens (n=8) and to establish their therapeutic dosage regimens. Their plasma concentrations were assayed by validated ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) methods using UV detector. Oral pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated from plasma concentration versus time data based on non-compartmental analysis. Statistically, plasma roxithromycin concentration was significantly higher at one time point only (0.5 h) and plasma ciprofloxacin concentration was significantly lower at the time point of 2 h only when used in combination, in compari...

Research paper thumbnail of Comparative Study on Heavy Metal Contamination in Soil, Water and Fodder between Industrial and Non-industrial Areas of Kutch District, Gujarat, India

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2019

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of Food and Nutritional Status of Animals on Antimicrobial Drug Disposition

International Journal of Livestock Research, 2017

Interaction of any drug with nutritional components is an important clinical phenomenon having si... more Interaction of any drug with nutritional components is an important clinical phenomenon having significant impact on therapeutic prognosis of diseased animals. Drug-Nutrient Interactions (DNIs) occur either directly between drug and nutrient or indirectly between drug and nutritional status or vice-versa. Antimicrobials being the largest segment of veterinary pharmaceuticals used clinically need special attention in this aspect. Abnormal nutritional status including protein-energy malnutrition and obesity has great impact on drug disposition. Foods may affect the disposition processes of antimicrobial drugs and their negative clinical impact can be minimized by correcting nutritional status, altering time interval between administration of drug and food, or by adjusting dosage regimen. Thus, proper knowledge of such interactions is indispensable to minimize harmful effects like therapeutic failure, emergence of antimicrobial resistance, nutritional adversities and drug-toxicities. .

Research paper thumbnail of Antimicrobial Drug Discovery: Evident Shifting from Terrestrial to Marine Micro-organisms

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of Plasma pharmacokinetics and dosage regimen of cefpirome sulfate in ewes

Veterinarski Arhiv, Sep 19, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Heavy Metal Concentrations with Regard to Inter-Species Variation in Cattle and Buffalo Milk Collected from Different Areas of North Gujarat

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2018

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of antigout activity of Phyllanthus emblica fruit extracts on potassium oxonate-induced gout rat model