Yamina Saheb - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Yamina Saheb
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Apr 4, 2022
Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Nov 12, 2023
Revue internationale et stratégique
In line with the Energy Union strategy, the EU 2030 climate and energy policy framework sees ener... more In line with the Energy Union strategy, the EU 2030 climate and energy policy framework sees energy saving as Europe's first fuel in 2030. Making energy efficiency the mechanism for delivering moderation of demand will enable the EU to meet its objectives in terms of security of supply, climate change, jobs, growth and competitiveness. The decarbonisation of the EU energy system is under way. Energy-related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions fell by 19% between 1990 and 2013. The power generation and energy-intensive industries covered by the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) are responsible for 45 % of total EU GHG emissions and for 23 % of the emissions reduction achieved between 2005 and 2013. The end-use sectors, such as buildings and transport, covered by the Effort-Sharing Decision (ESD) contributed 13 % of emissions reduction over the same period. Emissions reduction in the EU is a result of economic restructuring, the economic crisis and the EU 2020 climate and energy policy package. With the post-2020 climate and policy package, the Energy Union is seeking to develop a more reliable and transparent governance system. Reporting on progress towards climate and energy targets will be streamlined through integrated national energy and climate plans. Indicators will be developed to ensure consistency and better interaction between the various climate and energy policy instruments. For decarbonisation to be made cost-neutral, a strong signal is required from the 2015 Paris Climate Summit (COP21)giving a value to the carbon saved by pricing GHG emissions, so that energy saving become the niche fuel for investors. At EU level, a framework for "De-risking Energy Efficiency Investments (DEEI)" is needed to ensure that energy saving compete on equal terms with generation capacity. The framework should include setting-up guarantees for loans related to energy efficiency investments; this would lower capital cost by reducing investors' perceived risk. Cost/benefit analysis of energy efficiency investments should consider using "Levelised Cost of Conserved Energy (LCCE)", as a financial metric given that this metric allows for risk and basic rate components to be separated. The aim is to make mitigation of the risk premium related to energy efficiency investments possible via the DEEI framework. Figure ES.2 Net energy trade balance, non-energy trade balance and energy-related GHG emissions by Member State (2013) Key point: Fossil fuel imports exacerbate most Member States' trade deficits and increase their contribution to global warming.
This publication is a Science and Policy Report by the Joint Research Centre, the European Commis... more This publication is a Science and Policy Report by the Joint Research Centre, the European Commission's in-house science service. It aims to provide evidence-based scientific support to the European policy-making process. The scientific output expressed does not imply a policy position of the European Commission. Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use which might be made of this publication. This document replaces ''Guidebook how to develop a Sustainable Energy Action Plan (SEAP) in South Mediterranean Cities'' with ISBN 978-92-79-39654-0 and PUBSY request JRC 90143. The corrections made in the new document are the replacement of the picture used in the cover page.
This publication is a Technical report by the Joint Research Centre (JRC), the European Commissio... more This publication is a Technical report by the Joint Research Centre (JRC), the European Commission's science and knowledge service. It aims to provide evidence-based scientific support to the European policymaking process. The scientific output expressed does not imply a policy position of the European Commission. Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use that might be made of this publication.
The main purpose of this scientific report is to provide an assessment of the Covenant of Mayors ... more The main purpose of this scientific report is to provide an assessment of the Covenant of Mayors (CoM) Initiative 6 years after it has been initiated by the European Commission. By implementing the CoM Initiative, the European Commission has given visibility to the role of local authorities and their relevant contribution to EU2020 Climate and Energy targets. This is the second assessment report in a series of CoM assessment reports published by JRC. As of mid-May 2014 5,296 local authorities signed the Covenant of Mayors (CoM), for a total of ca. 160 million inhabitants in the EU-28, and ca. 186 million inhabitants in the whole initiative. Based on the data collected from Sustainable Energy Action Plans (SEAPs) submitted by CoM Signatories as of mid-May 2014, a statistical methodology has been developed to select a CoM data set for evaluating the real impact of the CoM initiative. The report provides main statistics of the data set in terms of GHG emission and estimated reductions,...
Responsabilité et environnement, Mar 27, 2018
Table 1: Dimensions of buildings' energy transition and their contributions to the 2030 Sustainab... more Table 1: Dimensions of buildings' energy transition and their contributions to the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Key point: Energy transition of Europe's buildings goes far beyond the energy and climate goals.
Nature Climate Change, Nov 25, 2021
Mitigation solutions are often evaluated in terms of costs and greenhouse gas reduction potential... more Mitigation solutions are often evaluated in terms of costs and greenhouse gas reduction potentials, missing out on the consideration of direct effects on human well-being. Here, we systematically assess the mitigation potential of demand-side options categorized into avoid, shift and improve, and their human well-being links. We show that these options, bridging socio-behavioural, infrastructural and technological domains, can reduce counterfactual sectoral emissions by 40-80% in end-use sectors. Based on expert judgement and an extensive literature database, we evaluate 306 combinations of well-being outcomes and demand-side options, finding largely beneficial effects in improvement in well-being (79% positive, 18% neutral and 3% negative), even though we find low confidence on the social dimensions of well-being. Implementing such nuanced solutions is based axiomatically on an understanding of malleable rather than fixed preferences, and procedurally on changing infrastructures and choice architectures. Results demonstrate the high mitigation potential of demand-side mitigation options that are synergistic with well-being.
National energy efficiency standards and labelling (S&L) programs form an important element of mo... more National energy efficiency standards and labelling (S&L) programs form an important element of most national energy efficiency policy portfolios and S&L programs are expanding in scope in response to the need to improved energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Non-compliance with energy efficiency programs represents not only a lost opportunity for energy and CO 2 savings, but results in increased costs of unit savings (both energy and CO 2). Perhaps more importantly in the longer run, awareness of non-compliance erodes the credibility of energy efficiency programs in the eyes of both industry and consumer participants. The improvement of monitoring, verification and enforcement (MV&E) activities are therefore at the heart of establishing energy efficiency as a reliable source of energy and greenhouse gas savings; however this area appears to have received less attention than policy development in many energy efficiency programs. To gain a better understanding of the status of compliance activities the Collaborative Labelling and Appliance Standards Program (CLASP), with funding from Climate Works Foundation, initiated an international survey of G20 countries plus Chile and Tunisia, focusing on the most mature types of programs: appliance standards and labels. The results of this survey indicate considerable potential to improve the MV&E structures and practices surrounding S&L type energy efficiency programs. With this would come greater certainty of outcomes and increased energy and greenhouse gas savings. Just as importantly, attending to issues of compliance is vital to maintaining confidence in these programs by participants and consumers, and therefore to maintain and raise future participation levels. Given the increasing importance of these programs within national energy and climate policies, the modest levels of investment required to improve MV&E practices are a prerequisite to ensuring the outcomes desired by governments.
This paper presents the IEA's recent research into existing energy efficiency financing programme... more This paper presents the IEA's recent research into existing energy efficiency financing programmes. The evaluation shows that most are designed to address each barrier individually with little or no consideration for the holistic approach needed to reduce the energy consumption of the buildings sector. It also shows that two-thirds of the incentives provided in IEA countries between 2011 and 2012 do not relate to measurable energy savings. And when tied to measurable savings, incentives usually target the implementation of solutions that are "low hanging fruit" such as the replacement of individual pieces of equipment or components. This problem is compounded when whole building and prescriptive programmes co-exist and are in competition for limited funding sources. As a consequence, savings potentials are locked for decades and the efficiency gap increases. It is time to refocus; reducing the energy consumed by the buildings sector requires ambitious policies to create a sustainable market for low-energy buildings. This paper presents an innovative market framework to enable deep renovation of the existing buildings stock in the IEA countries and beyond. The proposal considers the overall buildings stock and the objective already announced by several countries in their energy efficiency action plans to reach 80% reduction of the sector's energy consumption by 2050. The framework bundles successful building energy efficiency financing programmes and lessons learned from existing schemes.
Environmental Research Letters, Jun 29, 2021
Global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions can be traced to five economic sectors: energy, industry, b... more Global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions can be traced to five economic sectors: energy, industry, buildings, transport and AFOLU (agriculture, forestry and other land uses). In this topical review, we synthesise the literature to explain recent trends in global and regional emissions in each of these sectors. To contextualise our review, we present estimates of GHG emissions trends by sector
Project details—Aims and Overview:AUDITAC is the project acronym for "Field Benchmarking and... more Project details—Aims and Overview:AUDITAC is the project acronym for "Field Benchmarking and Market Development for Audit Methods in Air Conditioning".The core aims of the AUDITAC project are to provide tools and information that will enable air-conditioning system Inspectors, Auditors, Owners and Operators across Europe to confidently identify actions that will save them money, and reduce the emissions of green house gases.The project is timely in that it addresses the practical mechanisms needed to enable Member States to implement Article 9 of the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive which became law in January 2006.The work is organised into a number of Work Packages each coordinated by the best expert on the subject, having its own deadlines and specified inputs and outputs from/ to the other tasks.This two-year project, largely funded by the European Commission through its "Intelligent Energy - Europe" programme started in January 2005. It has particip...
21st IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Serving the Needs of Mankind., Aug 17, 2003
Oil, Gas & Energy Law Journal, 2019
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Apr 4, 2022
Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Nov 12, 2023
Revue internationale et stratégique
In line with the Energy Union strategy, the EU 2030 climate and energy policy framework sees ener... more In line with the Energy Union strategy, the EU 2030 climate and energy policy framework sees energy saving as Europe's first fuel in 2030. Making energy efficiency the mechanism for delivering moderation of demand will enable the EU to meet its objectives in terms of security of supply, climate change, jobs, growth and competitiveness. The decarbonisation of the EU energy system is under way. Energy-related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions fell by 19% between 1990 and 2013. The power generation and energy-intensive industries covered by the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) are responsible for 45 % of total EU GHG emissions and for 23 % of the emissions reduction achieved between 2005 and 2013. The end-use sectors, such as buildings and transport, covered by the Effort-Sharing Decision (ESD) contributed 13 % of emissions reduction over the same period. Emissions reduction in the EU is a result of economic restructuring, the economic crisis and the EU 2020 climate and energy policy package. With the post-2020 climate and policy package, the Energy Union is seeking to develop a more reliable and transparent governance system. Reporting on progress towards climate and energy targets will be streamlined through integrated national energy and climate plans. Indicators will be developed to ensure consistency and better interaction between the various climate and energy policy instruments. For decarbonisation to be made cost-neutral, a strong signal is required from the 2015 Paris Climate Summit (COP21)giving a value to the carbon saved by pricing GHG emissions, so that energy saving become the niche fuel for investors. At EU level, a framework for "De-risking Energy Efficiency Investments (DEEI)" is needed to ensure that energy saving compete on equal terms with generation capacity. The framework should include setting-up guarantees for loans related to energy efficiency investments; this would lower capital cost by reducing investors' perceived risk. Cost/benefit analysis of energy efficiency investments should consider using "Levelised Cost of Conserved Energy (LCCE)", as a financial metric given that this metric allows for risk and basic rate components to be separated. The aim is to make mitigation of the risk premium related to energy efficiency investments possible via the DEEI framework. Figure ES.2 Net energy trade balance, non-energy trade balance and energy-related GHG emissions by Member State (2013) Key point: Fossil fuel imports exacerbate most Member States' trade deficits and increase their contribution to global warming.
This publication is a Science and Policy Report by the Joint Research Centre, the European Commis... more This publication is a Science and Policy Report by the Joint Research Centre, the European Commission's in-house science service. It aims to provide evidence-based scientific support to the European policy-making process. The scientific output expressed does not imply a policy position of the European Commission. Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use which might be made of this publication. This document replaces ''Guidebook how to develop a Sustainable Energy Action Plan (SEAP) in South Mediterranean Cities'' with ISBN 978-92-79-39654-0 and PUBSY request JRC 90143. The corrections made in the new document are the replacement of the picture used in the cover page.
This publication is a Technical report by the Joint Research Centre (JRC), the European Commissio... more This publication is a Technical report by the Joint Research Centre (JRC), the European Commission's science and knowledge service. It aims to provide evidence-based scientific support to the European policymaking process. The scientific output expressed does not imply a policy position of the European Commission. Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use that might be made of this publication.
The main purpose of this scientific report is to provide an assessment of the Covenant of Mayors ... more The main purpose of this scientific report is to provide an assessment of the Covenant of Mayors (CoM) Initiative 6 years after it has been initiated by the European Commission. By implementing the CoM Initiative, the European Commission has given visibility to the role of local authorities and their relevant contribution to EU2020 Climate and Energy targets. This is the second assessment report in a series of CoM assessment reports published by JRC. As of mid-May 2014 5,296 local authorities signed the Covenant of Mayors (CoM), for a total of ca. 160 million inhabitants in the EU-28, and ca. 186 million inhabitants in the whole initiative. Based on the data collected from Sustainable Energy Action Plans (SEAPs) submitted by CoM Signatories as of mid-May 2014, a statistical methodology has been developed to select a CoM data set for evaluating the real impact of the CoM initiative. The report provides main statistics of the data set in terms of GHG emission and estimated reductions,...
Responsabilité et environnement, Mar 27, 2018
Table 1: Dimensions of buildings' energy transition and their contributions to the 2030 Sustainab... more Table 1: Dimensions of buildings' energy transition and their contributions to the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Key point: Energy transition of Europe's buildings goes far beyond the energy and climate goals.
Nature Climate Change, Nov 25, 2021
Mitigation solutions are often evaluated in terms of costs and greenhouse gas reduction potential... more Mitigation solutions are often evaluated in terms of costs and greenhouse gas reduction potentials, missing out on the consideration of direct effects on human well-being. Here, we systematically assess the mitigation potential of demand-side options categorized into avoid, shift and improve, and their human well-being links. We show that these options, bridging socio-behavioural, infrastructural and technological domains, can reduce counterfactual sectoral emissions by 40-80% in end-use sectors. Based on expert judgement and an extensive literature database, we evaluate 306 combinations of well-being outcomes and demand-side options, finding largely beneficial effects in improvement in well-being (79% positive, 18% neutral and 3% negative), even though we find low confidence on the social dimensions of well-being. Implementing such nuanced solutions is based axiomatically on an understanding of malleable rather than fixed preferences, and procedurally on changing infrastructures and choice architectures. Results demonstrate the high mitigation potential of demand-side mitigation options that are synergistic with well-being.
National energy efficiency standards and labelling (S&L) programs form an important element of mo... more National energy efficiency standards and labelling (S&L) programs form an important element of most national energy efficiency policy portfolios and S&L programs are expanding in scope in response to the need to improved energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Non-compliance with energy efficiency programs represents not only a lost opportunity for energy and CO 2 savings, but results in increased costs of unit savings (both energy and CO 2). Perhaps more importantly in the longer run, awareness of non-compliance erodes the credibility of energy efficiency programs in the eyes of both industry and consumer participants. The improvement of monitoring, verification and enforcement (MV&E) activities are therefore at the heart of establishing energy efficiency as a reliable source of energy and greenhouse gas savings; however this area appears to have received less attention than policy development in many energy efficiency programs. To gain a better understanding of the status of compliance activities the Collaborative Labelling and Appliance Standards Program (CLASP), with funding from Climate Works Foundation, initiated an international survey of G20 countries plus Chile and Tunisia, focusing on the most mature types of programs: appliance standards and labels. The results of this survey indicate considerable potential to improve the MV&E structures and practices surrounding S&L type energy efficiency programs. With this would come greater certainty of outcomes and increased energy and greenhouse gas savings. Just as importantly, attending to issues of compliance is vital to maintaining confidence in these programs by participants and consumers, and therefore to maintain and raise future participation levels. Given the increasing importance of these programs within national energy and climate policies, the modest levels of investment required to improve MV&E practices are a prerequisite to ensuring the outcomes desired by governments.
This paper presents the IEA's recent research into existing energy efficiency financing programme... more This paper presents the IEA's recent research into existing energy efficiency financing programmes. The evaluation shows that most are designed to address each barrier individually with little or no consideration for the holistic approach needed to reduce the energy consumption of the buildings sector. It also shows that two-thirds of the incentives provided in IEA countries between 2011 and 2012 do not relate to measurable energy savings. And when tied to measurable savings, incentives usually target the implementation of solutions that are "low hanging fruit" such as the replacement of individual pieces of equipment or components. This problem is compounded when whole building and prescriptive programmes co-exist and are in competition for limited funding sources. As a consequence, savings potentials are locked for decades and the efficiency gap increases. It is time to refocus; reducing the energy consumed by the buildings sector requires ambitious policies to create a sustainable market for low-energy buildings. This paper presents an innovative market framework to enable deep renovation of the existing buildings stock in the IEA countries and beyond. The proposal considers the overall buildings stock and the objective already announced by several countries in their energy efficiency action plans to reach 80% reduction of the sector's energy consumption by 2050. The framework bundles successful building energy efficiency financing programmes and lessons learned from existing schemes.
Environmental Research Letters, Jun 29, 2021
Global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions can be traced to five economic sectors: energy, industry, b... more Global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions can be traced to five economic sectors: energy, industry, buildings, transport and AFOLU (agriculture, forestry and other land uses). In this topical review, we synthesise the literature to explain recent trends in global and regional emissions in each of these sectors. To contextualise our review, we present estimates of GHG emissions trends by sector
Project details—Aims and Overview:AUDITAC is the project acronym for "Field Benchmarking and... more Project details—Aims and Overview:AUDITAC is the project acronym for "Field Benchmarking and Market Development for Audit Methods in Air Conditioning".The core aims of the AUDITAC project are to provide tools and information that will enable air-conditioning system Inspectors, Auditors, Owners and Operators across Europe to confidently identify actions that will save them money, and reduce the emissions of green house gases.The project is timely in that it addresses the practical mechanisms needed to enable Member States to implement Article 9 of the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive which became law in January 2006.The work is organised into a number of Work Packages each coordinated by the best expert on the subject, having its own deadlines and specified inputs and outputs from/ to the other tasks.This two-year project, largely funded by the European Commission through its "Intelligent Energy - Europe" programme started in January 2005. It has particip...
21st IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Serving the Needs of Mankind., Aug 17, 2003
Oil, Gas & Energy Law Journal, 2019