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Papers by Zainab Majid
Cureus, Mar 22, 2019
Rhino-oculo cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) is a rare, invasive, and rapidly progressive fungal infe... more Rhino-oculo cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) is a rare, invasive, and rapidly progressive fungal infection affecting nose, paranasal sinuses and often extending to orbit, brain, and palate. The immunocompromised, more commonly patients with diabetes mellitus, fall victim to this lethal form of fungus. Although the therapeutic approach includes aggressive surgical and medical interventions, ROCM remains a life-threatening infection with poor prognosis. This rare case addresses the outcomes of ROCM in a young patient with delayed diagnosis and resistance to amphotericin B (Ampho B) contributing to dreadful outcomes.
Cureus
Insulinomas are rare, functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors arising from the pancreatic mul... more Insulinomas are rare, functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors arising from the pancreatic multipotent stem cells or neuroendocrine islet, occurring with a higher proportion in females. Majority of insulinomas have a sporadic etiology; however, only 5%-10% develop as a part of multiple endocrine neoplasm type 1 syndrome. They usually present with symptoms of hypoglycemia including disturbance in orientation, tremors, diaphoresis, altered mental state, seizures and visual changes among others. The diagnosis is based on appreciation of the classic Whipple triad, i.e. neuroglycopenic symptoms and sympathetic drive along with low serum glucose levels (<50 mg/dL) and a complete reversibility of these symptoms with prompt administration of glucose. The gold standard treatment for insulinoma involves complete surgical excision (i.e. enucleation), which is curative in 90% of the patients. Health care physicians should have a high index of suspicion for this tumor in patients presenting with neurological and sympathetic symptoms, particularly if they are resolved after eating. Here, we report the case of a 48-year-old female with the history of multiple episodes of hypoglycemic symptoms for the past two years which improved on glucose intake. Furthermore, we also summarized the discussion regarding diagnosis and management of pancreatic insulinoma.
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
Dear Madam, Bennet Omalu's famous autopsy on National Football League (NFL) player Mike Webster, ... more Dear Madam, Bennet Omalu's famous autopsy on National Football League (NFL) player Mike Webster, opened doors to Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE). 1 Initially defined by Critchley in 1949, CTE is a progressive neurodegeneration that results predominantly from a taupathy following repeated traumatic brain injury. It is characterized by cognitive, behavioural, mood dysfunction and motor symptoms. 2 Described for the first time to occur in boxers, people involved in contact sports like football, rugby, soccer and ice hockey, or even military combatants are also at a risk, the latter especially if they had been subjected to blast induced injuries.
Cureus, Mar 22, 2019
Rhino-oculo cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) is a rare, invasive, and rapidly progressive fungal infe... more Rhino-oculo cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) is a rare, invasive, and rapidly progressive fungal infection affecting nose, paranasal sinuses and often extending to orbit, brain, and palate. The immunocompromised, more commonly patients with diabetes mellitus, fall victim to this lethal form of fungus. Although the therapeutic approach includes aggressive surgical and medical interventions, ROCM remains a life-threatening infection with poor prognosis. This rare case addresses the outcomes of ROCM in a young patient with delayed diagnosis and resistance to amphotericin B (Ampho B) contributing to dreadful outcomes.
Cureus
Insulinomas are rare, functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors arising from the pancreatic mul... more Insulinomas are rare, functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors arising from the pancreatic multipotent stem cells or neuroendocrine islet, occurring with a higher proportion in females. Majority of insulinomas have a sporadic etiology; however, only 5%-10% develop as a part of multiple endocrine neoplasm type 1 syndrome. They usually present with symptoms of hypoglycemia including disturbance in orientation, tremors, diaphoresis, altered mental state, seizures and visual changes among others. The diagnosis is based on appreciation of the classic Whipple triad, i.e. neuroglycopenic symptoms and sympathetic drive along with low serum glucose levels (<50 mg/dL) and a complete reversibility of these symptoms with prompt administration of glucose. The gold standard treatment for insulinoma involves complete surgical excision (i.e. enucleation), which is curative in 90% of the patients. Health care physicians should have a high index of suspicion for this tumor in patients presenting with neurological and sympathetic symptoms, particularly if they are resolved after eating. Here, we report the case of a 48-year-old female with the history of multiple episodes of hypoglycemic symptoms for the past two years which improved on glucose intake. Furthermore, we also summarized the discussion regarding diagnosis and management of pancreatic insulinoma.
Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
Dear Madam, Bennet Omalu's famous autopsy on National Football League (NFL) player Mike Webster, ... more Dear Madam, Bennet Omalu's famous autopsy on National Football League (NFL) player Mike Webster, opened doors to Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE). 1 Initially defined by Critchley in 1949, CTE is a progressive neurodegeneration that results predominantly from a taupathy following repeated traumatic brain injury. It is characterized by cognitive, behavioural, mood dysfunction and motor symptoms. 2 Described for the first time to occur in boxers, people involved in contact sports like football, rugby, soccer and ice hockey, or even military combatants are also at a risk, the latter especially if they had been subjected to blast induced injuries.