Zoltan Naar - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Zoltan Naar

Proceedings of 21th International Drying Symposium, 2018

Sprouting is a green technology contributing in improving cereals and pulses nutritional properti... more Sprouting is a green technology contributing in improving cereals and pulses nutritional properties. However sprouts have a high water content limiting their shelf-life. This research focused on the impact of drying technology on physico-chemical, functional and nutritional properties of Tunisian landrace durum wheat (Triticum durum)“Chili” sprouts for their use as a functional ingredient. Three technologies were evaluated: lyophilisation, micro-wave vacuum drying and oven drying at 50°C. Sprouted seeds flour properties were significantly (p<0.05) affected by the drying methods used. Lyophilisation led to the highest preservation of bioactive compounds followed by micro-wave vacuum drying. The way of evolution of physico-chemical and functional properties depended on drying method used. Keywords: Sprouts; drying; functional properties; bioactive compounds.

Microbiological Research, Sep 1, 1995

Thirty strains of T. hamatum, T. harzianum, T. koningii, T. longibrachiatum and T. viride were se... more Thirty strains of T. hamatum, T. harzianum, T. koningii, T. longibrachiatum and T. viride were selected for in vitro mycoparasitic activity against Sclerotinia minor. High destruction of sclerotia (up to 70% in two weeks) was caused by antagonists only at 25°C, in autoclaved soil, because the optimum temperature for radial growth of Trichoderma strains (25-30°C) was significantly higher than those of phytophatogenic fungus (20°C). The most active strains, which were selected also for competitive saprophytic ability could enhance the percentage of decayed sclerotia 5-9 fold over the control even after 1 week under non sterile conditions. A silicon rubber fixation technique was developed for recovery of irregularly shaped S. minor sclerotia.

Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica, Dec 17, 1998

Agrokémia és talajtan (Nyomtatott), Mar 1, 2005

A Bacillus thuringiensiscry1Ab endotoxint termelő transzgénikus kukorica (DK440BTY) és izogénes, ... more A Bacillus thuringiensiscry1Ab endotoxint termelő transzgénikus kukorica (DK440BTY) és izogénes, toxint nem termelő kukorica (DK440) rizoszféráját jellemeztük talajbiológiai eszközökkel, illetve összehasonlító értékelést végeztünk egy vegetációs periódus három mintavételi időszakában. Telepszámlálásos módszerrel meghatároztuk néhány kitenyészthető mikrobacsoport (heterotrófok, oligotrófok, spórás mikrooganizmusok, szabadon élő N2-kötők és mikroszkopikus gombák) csíraszámát a rizoszféra talajában. Elvégeztük a mikrobiális össz-aktivitás vizsgálatát fluoreszcein-diacetát (FDA) hidrolízisének mérésével, illetve nyomon követtük a gyökérrendszer szimbiotikus struktúráinak, azaz az arbuszkuláris mikorrhiza gombák kolonizációjának a működőképességét is. A rizoszférához szorosan kapcsolódó talajrészben a szabadon élő szaprotróf Trichoderma gombák faji diverzitásának az alakulását ellenőriztük. Megállapítottuk, hogy a belső rizoszféra (endoriza) mikroszimbiontás kolonizációja az első mintavétel során (2001. június) szignifikánsan kisebb aktivitást mutatott, és csökkent a gomba működőképességét jelző arbuszkulumok mennyisége is. A további mintavételek során (2001. augusztus és október) azonban ezek a különbségek nem jelentkeztek, a szimbiózis működőképessége helyreállt. A varianciaanalízis azonban összesített hatásban szignifikáns különbséget jelzett. A gyökérfelszín kitenyészthető mikrobacsoportjainak csíraszámában nem adódott statisztikailag igazolható különbség a kétféle növény között. Az FDA módszerrel kimutatható össz-mikrobiális aktivitást ugyanakkor mindegyik mintavételnél nagyobbnak találtuk a Bt-kukorica rizoszférájában, amiből a fiziológiai tulajdonságok megváltozására következtettünk. A transzgénikus növény gyökérhatásának távolabbi részén, a külső rizoszférában a Trichodema gombák száma és faji összetétele csak szezonális változásokat mutatott, de nem különbözött szignifikánsan a génmódosított növénynél. Eredményeink jelzik a génmódosítás közvetett hatását a rizoszférában található „nem célzott” szervezetek összetételére vagy aktivitására, és felhívják a figyelmet a további, tartamjellegű vizsgálatok szükségességére is.

International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms, 2019

Acacia honey, as a favored delicacy, was supplemented with extracts of distinctive Ganoderma luci... more Acacia honey, as a favored delicacy, was supplemented with extracts of distinctive Ganoderma lucidum (lingzhi or reishi) variants to enhance its biological value and lay the foundations for prospective functional food application. Health promoting effects of G. lucidum have already been documented and its prebiotic features have been verified. In spite of promising studies and its unambiguous nutritional value, G. lucidum mushroom has not gained extensive use in the food industry so far. Special honey-based foodstuffs fortified with G. lucidum extract were developed as novel food prototypes, and screened for their enhanced total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant (FRAP), and antiradical activity (DPPH). The obtained variants were also investigated for the possibly increased prebiotic index by means of an in vitro digestion procedure. A concentration dependent positive correlation was observed for all the studied parameters in case of the investigated prototypes. Supplementation of acacia honey with 0.5% reishi mushroom extract significantly increased the TPC, the antioxidant activity, and the radical scavenging power. A statistically significant improvement in the prebiotic index was also observed for the developed prototypes when compared with pure acacia honey. The evidence gained from the conducted studies fully supports the conception of combining honey and reishi extract to obtain a functional food product of high biological potential.

Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica, Sep 1, 2006

The purpose of this study was to survey the growth inhibition with volatile antibiosis and killin... more The purpose of this study was to survey the growth inhibition with volatile antibiosis and killing of Pythium irregulare by Trichoderma species of various origin under heavy metal stress. Fourteen strains of T. harzianum, 10 strains of T. virens, and 14 strains of T. viride were tested in dual culture with the pathogen on heavy metal poisoned media. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for mycelial growth, antibiosis and Pythium-killing were determined. Although the decreasing order of toxicity (Cd≯Ni≯Zn) was the same for the growth of Pythium and the antagonists, the pathogen tolerated 2-4 times higher doses of toxic metals than Trichoderma strains did. The antagonistic activities proved to be more sensitive, they were blocked by 0.16-0.67 mM Cd, 0.16-1.25 Ni or Zn. Pythium-killing was observed at higher doses of Ni than that of Cd or Zn, which were similar toxic to the both investigated activities. The history of long-term heavy metal exposure of some investigated Trichoderma strains did not increase...

Microbiological Research, Aug 1, 1998

The competitive saprophytic ability of twenty-eight strains of eight Trichoderma species (T. atro... more The competitive saprophytic ability of twenty-eight strains of eight Trichoderma species (T. atroviride, T. aureoviride, T. hamatum, T. harzianum; T. koningii, T. piluliferum, T. pseudokoningii, and T. viride) was determined with an agar disk method. A wide range of this property was found among strains independently of their origin suggesting the necessity of selection before applying them in soil. In vitro growth rate at different temperatures, cellulolytic activity and sensitivity of the selected Trichoderma strains to in vitro inhibitory effect of various test bacteria and fungi were determined and used for multiple regression analyses. Models based on the investigated parameters suggested that the tolerance to inhibitory effect of bacteria accounts mainly for the competitive success of Trichoderma.

Annals of the University "Dunărea de Jos" of Galaţi, Mar 29, 2022

Sprouting is recognized as a green engineering tool for improving cereal's nutritional properties... more Sprouting is recognized as a green engineering tool for improving cereal's nutritional properties. Thus, the incorporation of sprouts in food formulation would be recommended. However, sprouting also increases the seeds' water content which shortens their shelf life. Thus, drying is recommended to decrease moisture content. This research aimed to investigate the impact of different drying methods (Oven drying, lyophilization and microwave vacuum drying (MVD)) on durum wheat sprout's bioactive compounds, physicochemical, functional and thermal properties through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Durum wheat was sprouted for 48h, then water content, water activity (aw), color, bulk density, Water Absorption Capacity (WAC), Oil Absorption Capacity (OAC), Swelling Power (SP), Least Gelation Concentration (LGC) and thermal properties through DSC were assessed for raw and dried sprouts. Sprouting and drying significantly affected the evolution of all properties. In all cases, water content and aw decreased to an acceptable level. Oven and MVD dried samples were darker than freeze-dried ones. Compared to the raw samples, bulk density and SP decreased while OAC increased. WAC decreased after lyophilization (-14.3%) while it significantly increased (+90.5%) after MVD. DSC measurement showed two endotherms with peak temperatures between 39.7 and 46.6 °C for the first and 101.9 to 108.5 °C for the second. Regarding nutritional properties, lyophilization preserved them the best. However, MVD induced lower losses than oven drying. Understanding changes occurring after drying would help choose the suitable drying technology and better use dried sprouts after knowing their properties.

Táplálkozásmarketing, Dec 1, 2014

Cereal Research Communications, Dec 1, 2008

The species-specific PCR assays correctly identified pure cultures of Fusarium acuminatum (3 isol... more The species-specific PCR assays correctly identified pure cultures of Fusarium acuminatum (3 isolates), F. avenaceum (22 isolates), F. poae (13 isolates), and F. sporotrichioides (6 isolates) originated from Hungarian wheat grain. The PCR-based assays described in this study can be used for the routine detection and identification of above-mentioned Fusaria without morphological determination.

Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins, Aug 26, 2020

Consumption of dairy products is one of the most natural ways to introduce probiotics. However, t... more Consumption of dairy products is one of the most natural ways to introduce probiotics. However, the beneficial effects of the probiotics might depend on the administration form. The aim of this study was to investigate the beneficial properties of two probiotic strains: Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (BB-12) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA-5) in different administration forms (capsules and yogurt). First, in vitro resistance to gastrointestinal condition, surface properties, and immunomodulation capacities were determined. Then, the anti-inflammatory properties of the probiotic strains administrated on yogurt or capsules were tested in a dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis mouse model. The survival rates of BB-12 and LA-5 strains to gastrointestinal conditions were slightly higher when yogurt was used as carrier. They showed most affinity to hexane (no-polar basic solvent) than ethyl-acetate (polar basic solvent). BB-12 showed the higher binding capacity to HT-29, Caco-2, and mucin. Both probiotic candidates suppress the secretion of IL-8 secretion by HT-29-TNF-α stimulated cells. Finally, administration of BB-12 and LA-5 strains improve colitis in mice. They protect against weight loss, inflammation, and hyperpermeability induced by DNBS. However, these anti-inflammatory effects were limited when mice were treated with the probiotic strain on a yogurt matrix. Overall results indicate that BB-12 and LA-5 positive properties are compromised depending on the matrix. Consequently, the selection of an appropriate matrix is an important criterion to conserve the positive benefits of these probiotic strains.

Acta Alimentaria, Dec 1, 2009

... 21), F. poae (78), F. sporotrichioides (42)] were used in this study (Table 1). These isolate... more ... 21), F. poae (78), F. sporotrichioides (42)] were used in this study (Table 1). These isolates were single-spored and pure cultures were stored on 1/4 strength potato dextrose agar (1/4 PDA) at 15 °C in the dark. ... 16 SZO6 F. avenaceum Szolnok Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok 2007 ...

World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Nutrition and Food Engineering, Mar 9, 2015

Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica (Print), Sep 1, 2008

... 21), F. poae (78), F. sporotrichioides (42)] were used in this study (Table 1). These isolate... more ... 21), F. poae (78), F. sporotrichioides (42)] were used in this study (Table 1). These isolates were single-spored and pure cultures were stored on 1/4 strength potato dextrose agar (1/4 PDA) at 15 °C in the dark. ... 16 SZO6 F. avenaceum Szolnok Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok 2007 ...

Journal of Applied Microbiology, Aug 19, 2014

Fermented and probiotic products are mainly based on the activity of diverse Lactobacillus specie... more Fermented and probiotic products are mainly based on the activity of diverse Lactobacillus species. Distinguishing of these species, especially the closely related ones might be problematic. Our aim was to compare and evaluate molecular methods that have the potential of discrimination and might serve as alternatives of traditional microbiological techniques. In our experiments, PCR methods using general and species-specific bacterial primers, RFLP, sequencing and HRM assays were tested and their efficiency compared. A new universal primer pair was designed for amplification of short fragments of the 16S rDNA of six Lactobacillus, a Lactococcus and a Streptococcus species; furthermore, successful HRM analysis was performed on them that resulted in the separation of each species, including the almost indistinguishable Lact. paracasei ssp. paracasei and Lact. paracasei ssp. tolerans subspecies. The results showed that HRM might be a useful, time- and cost-saving one-step tool for preliminary classification of isolates, although the use of additional techniques, like species-specific PCR, analysis of RFLP patterns and sequencing, might be necessary for confirmation of the results. The newly developed HRM primers offer a quick and efficient tool for discrimination of lactobacilli, including very closely related Lactobacillus subspecies.

Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, Oct 12, 2006

The growth requirements of Trichoderma fungi that are wide spread saprotrophic soil microorganism... more The growth requirements of Trichoderma fungi that are wide spread saprotrophic soil microorganisms, are quite similar, therefore it is essential to define the environmental factor(s) along which they divide the available ecological niches. For this reason, we determined chemical and physical properties of 24 soil samples from different localities of Hungary, the presence of Trichoderma species and the relationships between two groups of data were analyzed with different statistical methods. The coexistence of 13 identified Trichoderma spp. proved to be a general phenomenon, which provided a good opportunity to explore the dividing environmental factors. Only redundancy analysis gave a reasonable model from 26 abiotic soil parameters. However, the number of variables was two times higher than that of species, thus the model was built in step-by-step process during which the explanation power of parameters was assessed with Monte Carlo permutation test. The best possible model of 13 soil properties explained 66.19 % of variance in the occurrence of Trichoderma species. Their positions in the triplots showed the separation of their niches along some of the investigated abiotic environmental variables. The available Zn-content had the highest explaining power however the in vitro zinc tolerance test did not justify its importance.

Cereal Research Communications, Dec 1, 2008

Species-specific PCR assay was used for the identification of Hungarian Fusarium graminearum isol... more Species-specific PCR assay was used for the identification of Hungarian Fusarium graminearum isolates in pure mycelial culture. The Fg16F/Fg16R primer pair of the three known species-specific primers appeared to be the most appropriate one to identify F. graminearum. Two methods were used for comparative determination of the amplicon size of F. graminearum strains: traditional agarose gel electrophoresis, and chip electrophoresis. Our results have shown that the chip electrophoresis is an easy-to-use, time-efficient substitute for conventional agarose gel electrophoresis; moreover it provides a more precise size determination of amplicons. Amplicon size ranging from 415 bp to 421 bp in tested isolates may be associated with genetic diversity in the Hungarian population of F. graminearum. The PCR assay described in this study can be used for the routine detection and identification of F. graminearum without isolation and morphological investigation of this fungus.

Proceedings of 21th International Drying Symposium, 2018

Sprouting is a green technology contributing in improving cereals and pulses nutritional properti... more Sprouting is a green technology contributing in improving cereals and pulses nutritional properties. However sprouts have a high water content limiting their shelf-life. This research focused on the impact of drying technology on physico-chemical, functional and nutritional properties of Tunisian landrace durum wheat (Triticum durum)“Chili” sprouts for their use as a functional ingredient. Three technologies were evaluated: lyophilisation, micro-wave vacuum drying and oven drying at 50°C. Sprouted seeds flour properties were significantly (p<0.05) affected by the drying methods used. Lyophilisation led to the highest preservation of bioactive compounds followed by micro-wave vacuum drying. The way of evolution of physico-chemical and functional properties depended on drying method used. Keywords: Sprouts; drying; functional properties; bioactive compounds.

Microbiological Research, Sep 1, 1995

Thirty strains of T. hamatum, T. harzianum, T. koningii, T. longibrachiatum and T. viride were se... more Thirty strains of T. hamatum, T. harzianum, T. koningii, T. longibrachiatum and T. viride were selected for in vitro mycoparasitic activity against Sclerotinia minor. High destruction of sclerotia (up to 70% in two weeks) was caused by antagonists only at 25°C, in autoclaved soil, because the optimum temperature for radial growth of Trichoderma strains (25-30°C) was significantly higher than those of phytophatogenic fungus (20°C). The most active strains, which were selected also for competitive saprophytic ability could enhance the percentage of decayed sclerotia 5-9 fold over the control even after 1 week under non sterile conditions. A silicon rubber fixation technique was developed for recovery of irregularly shaped S. minor sclerotia.

Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica, Dec 17, 1998

Agrokémia és talajtan (Nyomtatott), Mar 1, 2005

A Bacillus thuringiensiscry1Ab endotoxint termelő transzgénikus kukorica (DK440BTY) és izogénes, ... more A Bacillus thuringiensiscry1Ab endotoxint termelő transzgénikus kukorica (DK440BTY) és izogénes, toxint nem termelő kukorica (DK440) rizoszféráját jellemeztük talajbiológiai eszközökkel, illetve összehasonlító értékelést végeztünk egy vegetációs periódus három mintavételi időszakában. Telepszámlálásos módszerrel meghatároztuk néhány kitenyészthető mikrobacsoport (heterotrófok, oligotrófok, spórás mikrooganizmusok, szabadon élő N2-kötők és mikroszkopikus gombák) csíraszámát a rizoszféra talajában. Elvégeztük a mikrobiális össz-aktivitás vizsgálatát fluoreszcein-diacetát (FDA) hidrolízisének mérésével, illetve nyomon követtük a gyökérrendszer szimbiotikus struktúráinak, azaz az arbuszkuláris mikorrhiza gombák kolonizációjának a működőképességét is. A rizoszférához szorosan kapcsolódó talajrészben a szabadon élő szaprotróf Trichoderma gombák faji diverzitásának az alakulását ellenőriztük. Megállapítottuk, hogy a belső rizoszféra (endoriza) mikroszimbiontás kolonizációja az első mintavétel során (2001. június) szignifikánsan kisebb aktivitást mutatott, és csökkent a gomba működőképességét jelző arbuszkulumok mennyisége is. A további mintavételek során (2001. augusztus és október) azonban ezek a különbségek nem jelentkeztek, a szimbiózis működőképessége helyreállt. A varianciaanalízis azonban összesített hatásban szignifikáns különbséget jelzett. A gyökérfelszín kitenyészthető mikrobacsoportjainak csíraszámában nem adódott statisztikailag igazolható különbség a kétféle növény között. Az FDA módszerrel kimutatható össz-mikrobiális aktivitást ugyanakkor mindegyik mintavételnél nagyobbnak találtuk a Bt-kukorica rizoszférájában, amiből a fiziológiai tulajdonságok megváltozására következtettünk. A transzgénikus növény gyökérhatásának távolabbi részén, a külső rizoszférában a Trichodema gombák száma és faji összetétele csak szezonális változásokat mutatott, de nem különbözött szignifikánsan a génmódosított növénynél. Eredményeink jelzik a génmódosítás közvetett hatását a rizoszférában található „nem célzott” szervezetek összetételére vagy aktivitására, és felhívják a figyelmet a további, tartamjellegű vizsgálatok szükségességére is.

International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms, 2019

Acacia honey, as a favored delicacy, was supplemented with extracts of distinctive Ganoderma luci... more Acacia honey, as a favored delicacy, was supplemented with extracts of distinctive Ganoderma lucidum (lingzhi or reishi) variants to enhance its biological value and lay the foundations for prospective functional food application. Health promoting effects of G. lucidum have already been documented and its prebiotic features have been verified. In spite of promising studies and its unambiguous nutritional value, G. lucidum mushroom has not gained extensive use in the food industry so far. Special honey-based foodstuffs fortified with G. lucidum extract were developed as novel food prototypes, and screened for their enhanced total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant (FRAP), and antiradical activity (DPPH). The obtained variants were also investigated for the possibly increased prebiotic index by means of an in vitro digestion procedure. A concentration dependent positive correlation was observed for all the studied parameters in case of the investigated prototypes. Supplementation of acacia honey with 0.5% reishi mushroom extract significantly increased the TPC, the antioxidant activity, and the radical scavenging power. A statistically significant improvement in the prebiotic index was also observed for the developed prototypes when compared with pure acacia honey. The evidence gained from the conducted studies fully supports the conception of combining honey and reishi extract to obtain a functional food product of high biological potential.

Acta Phytopathologica Et Entomologica Hungarica, Sep 1, 2006

The purpose of this study was to survey the growth inhibition with volatile antibiosis and killin... more The purpose of this study was to survey the growth inhibition with volatile antibiosis and killing of Pythium irregulare by Trichoderma species of various origin under heavy metal stress. Fourteen strains of T. harzianum, 10 strains of T. virens, and 14 strains of T. viride were tested in dual culture with the pathogen on heavy metal poisoned media. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for mycelial growth, antibiosis and Pythium-killing were determined. Although the decreasing order of toxicity (Cd≯Ni≯Zn) was the same for the growth of Pythium and the antagonists, the pathogen tolerated 2-4 times higher doses of toxic metals than Trichoderma strains did. The antagonistic activities proved to be more sensitive, they were blocked by 0.16-0.67 mM Cd, 0.16-1.25 Ni or Zn. Pythium-killing was observed at higher doses of Ni than that of Cd or Zn, which were similar toxic to the both investigated activities. The history of long-term heavy metal exposure of some investigated Trichoderma strains did not increase...

Microbiological Research, Aug 1, 1998

The competitive saprophytic ability of twenty-eight strains of eight Trichoderma species (T. atro... more The competitive saprophytic ability of twenty-eight strains of eight Trichoderma species (T. atroviride, T. aureoviride, T. hamatum, T. harzianum; T. koningii, T. piluliferum, T. pseudokoningii, and T. viride) was determined with an agar disk method. A wide range of this property was found among strains independently of their origin suggesting the necessity of selection before applying them in soil. In vitro growth rate at different temperatures, cellulolytic activity and sensitivity of the selected Trichoderma strains to in vitro inhibitory effect of various test bacteria and fungi were determined and used for multiple regression analyses. Models based on the investigated parameters suggested that the tolerance to inhibitory effect of bacteria accounts mainly for the competitive success of Trichoderma.

Annals of the University "Dunărea de Jos" of Galaţi, Mar 29, 2022

Sprouting is recognized as a green engineering tool for improving cereal's nutritional properties... more Sprouting is recognized as a green engineering tool for improving cereal's nutritional properties. Thus, the incorporation of sprouts in food formulation would be recommended. However, sprouting also increases the seeds' water content which shortens their shelf life. Thus, drying is recommended to decrease moisture content. This research aimed to investigate the impact of different drying methods (Oven drying, lyophilization and microwave vacuum drying (MVD)) on durum wheat sprout's bioactive compounds, physicochemical, functional and thermal properties through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Durum wheat was sprouted for 48h, then water content, water activity (aw), color, bulk density, Water Absorption Capacity (WAC), Oil Absorption Capacity (OAC), Swelling Power (SP), Least Gelation Concentration (LGC) and thermal properties through DSC were assessed for raw and dried sprouts. Sprouting and drying significantly affected the evolution of all properties. In all cases, water content and aw decreased to an acceptable level. Oven and MVD dried samples were darker than freeze-dried ones. Compared to the raw samples, bulk density and SP decreased while OAC increased. WAC decreased after lyophilization (-14.3%) while it significantly increased (+90.5%) after MVD. DSC measurement showed two endotherms with peak temperatures between 39.7 and 46.6 °C for the first and 101.9 to 108.5 °C for the second. Regarding nutritional properties, lyophilization preserved them the best. However, MVD induced lower losses than oven drying. Understanding changes occurring after drying would help choose the suitable drying technology and better use dried sprouts after knowing their properties.

Táplálkozásmarketing, Dec 1, 2014

Cereal Research Communications, Dec 1, 2008

The species-specific PCR assays correctly identified pure cultures of Fusarium acuminatum (3 isol... more The species-specific PCR assays correctly identified pure cultures of Fusarium acuminatum (3 isolates), F. avenaceum (22 isolates), F. poae (13 isolates), and F. sporotrichioides (6 isolates) originated from Hungarian wheat grain. The PCR-based assays described in this study can be used for the routine detection and identification of above-mentioned Fusaria without morphological determination.

Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins, Aug 26, 2020

Consumption of dairy products is one of the most natural ways to introduce probiotics. However, t... more Consumption of dairy products is one of the most natural ways to introduce probiotics. However, the beneficial effects of the probiotics might depend on the administration form. The aim of this study was to investigate the beneficial properties of two probiotic strains: Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (BB-12) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA-5) in different administration forms (capsules and yogurt). First, in vitro resistance to gastrointestinal condition, surface properties, and immunomodulation capacities were determined. Then, the anti-inflammatory properties of the probiotic strains administrated on yogurt or capsules were tested in a dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis mouse model. The survival rates of BB-12 and LA-5 strains to gastrointestinal conditions were slightly higher when yogurt was used as carrier. They showed most affinity to hexane (no-polar basic solvent) than ethyl-acetate (polar basic solvent). BB-12 showed the higher binding capacity to HT-29, Caco-2, and mucin. Both probiotic candidates suppress the secretion of IL-8 secretion by HT-29-TNF-α stimulated cells. Finally, administration of BB-12 and LA-5 strains improve colitis in mice. They protect against weight loss, inflammation, and hyperpermeability induced by DNBS. However, these anti-inflammatory effects were limited when mice were treated with the probiotic strain on a yogurt matrix. Overall results indicate that BB-12 and LA-5 positive properties are compromised depending on the matrix. Consequently, the selection of an appropriate matrix is an important criterion to conserve the positive benefits of these probiotic strains.

Acta Alimentaria, Dec 1, 2009

... 21), F. poae (78), F. sporotrichioides (42)] were used in this study (Table 1). These isolate... more ... 21), F. poae (78), F. sporotrichioides (42)] were used in this study (Table 1). These isolates were single-spored and pure cultures were stored on 1/4 strength potato dextrose agar (1/4 PDA) at 15 °C in the dark. ... 16 SZO6 F. avenaceum Szolnok Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok 2007 ...

World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Nutrition and Food Engineering, Mar 9, 2015

Acta microbiologica et immunologica Hungarica (Print), Sep 1, 2008

... 21), F. poae (78), F. sporotrichioides (42)] were used in this study (Table 1). These isolate... more ... 21), F. poae (78), F. sporotrichioides (42)] were used in this study (Table 1). These isolates were single-spored and pure cultures were stored on 1/4 strength potato dextrose agar (1/4 PDA) at 15 °C in the dark. ... 16 SZO6 F. avenaceum Szolnok Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok 2007 ...

Journal of Applied Microbiology, Aug 19, 2014

Fermented and probiotic products are mainly based on the activity of diverse Lactobacillus specie... more Fermented and probiotic products are mainly based on the activity of diverse Lactobacillus species. Distinguishing of these species, especially the closely related ones might be problematic. Our aim was to compare and evaluate molecular methods that have the potential of discrimination and might serve as alternatives of traditional microbiological techniques. In our experiments, PCR methods using general and species-specific bacterial primers, RFLP, sequencing and HRM assays were tested and their efficiency compared. A new universal primer pair was designed for amplification of short fragments of the 16S rDNA of six Lactobacillus, a Lactococcus and a Streptococcus species; furthermore, successful HRM analysis was performed on them that resulted in the separation of each species, including the almost indistinguishable Lact. paracasei ssp. paracasei and Lact. paracasei ssp. tolerans subspecies. The results showed that HRM might be a useful, time- and cost-saving one-step tool for preliminary classification of isolates, although the use of additional techniques, like species-specific PCR, analysis of RFLP patterns and sequencing, might be necessary for confirmation of the results. The newly developed HRM primers offer a quick and efficient tool for discrimination of lactobacilli, including very closely related Lactobacillus subspecies.

Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, Oct 12, 2006

The growth requirements of Trichoderma fungi that are wide spread saprotrophic soil microorganism... more The growth requirements of Trichoderma fungi that are wide spread saprotrophic soil microorganisms, are quite similar, therefore it is essential to define the environmental factor(s) along which they divide the available ecological niches. For this reason, we determined chemical and physical properties of 24 soil samples from different localities of Hungary, the presence of Trichoderma species and the relationships between two groups of data were analyzed with different statistical methods. The coexistence of 13 identified Trichoderma spp. proved to be a general phenomenon, which provided a good opportunity to explore the dividing environmental factors. Only redundancy analysis gave a reasonable model from 26 abiotic soil parameters. However, the number of variables was two times higher than that of species, thus the model was built in step-by-step process during which the explanation power of parameters was assessed with Monte Carlo permutation test. The best possible model of 13 soil properties explained 66.19 % of variance in the occurrence of Trichoderma species. Their positions in the triplots showed the separation of their niches along some of the investigated abiotic environmental variables. The available Zn-content had the highest explaining power however the in vitro zinc tolerance test did not justify its importance.

Cereal Research Communications, Dec 1, 2008

Species-specific PCR assay was used for the identification of Hungarian Fusarium graminearum isol... more Species-specific PCR assay was used for the identification of Hungarian Fusarium graminearum isolates in pure mycelial culture. The Fg16F/Fg16R primer pair of the three known species-specific primers appeared to be the most appropriate one to identify F. graminearum. Two methods were used for comparative determination of the amplicon size of F. graminearum strains: traditional agarose gel electrophoresis, and chip electrophoresis. Our results have shown that the chip electrophoresis is an easy-to-use, time-efficient substitute for conventional agarose gel electrophoresis; moreover it provides a more precise size determination of amplicons. Amplicon size ranging from 415 bp to 421 bp in tested isolates may be associated with genetic diversity in the Hungarian population of F. graminearum. The PCR assay described in this study can be used for the routine detection and identification of F. graminearum without isolation and morphological investigation of this fungus.

Prime Archives in Plant Sciences, 2020

This study aimed to examine whether Trichoderma species might have potential as a biological cont... more This study aimed to examine whether Trichoderma species might have potential as a biological control agent against another Trichoderma spp. possibly residing in the local environment. Metabolites of thirty Trichoderma isolates were screened for growth moderating activity against test fungi in dual cultures using the vertical diffusion technique. Most of the different Trichoderma isolates as producers demonstrated strain-dependent growth moderating activities either stimulating or completely inhibiting the exposed fungi, while some isolates showed no activity.
The examined Trichoderma spp. showed high natural variation in sensitivity responses to metabolites released to the medium by other Trichoderma strains, depending on traits related to their adaptation to ecological niches, thus the suspected mycoparasitic strains significantly differed of those habiting in soil. The released complex set of metabolites with broad intrageneric spectrum of growth moderating activity exhibited broad spectrum of activity against phytopathogenic fungi as well, however, the strength of the effect could not be predicted.
Few common factors were revealed by comparing growth responses of Trichoderma and phytopathogens (their possible hosts) to released metabolites by examined Trichoderma strains. Seemingly, some genus-specific traits regulate the character of intrageneric connections among various Trichoderma strains. These properties might influence the performance of Trichoderma-based eubiotic preparations in pest management practices.