astha shakya - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by astha shakya

Journal of natural history museum, 2018

Asparagus racemosus Willd. is an important medicinal plant of tropical and subtropical regions of... more Asparagus racemosus Willd. is an important medicinal plant of tropical and subtropical regions of Nepal and India. Its medicinal usage has been reported in the Indian and British Pharmacopoeias and in traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurveda, Unani, and Siddha. Asparagus curillus Buch-Ham.ex Roxb. is also one of the species found in higher altitude of Nepal. Its roots are used as substitute for A. racemosus . Phytochemical investigation was done for these two species of Nepalese Asparagus as per Methodology for Analysis of Vegetable Drugs by I. Ciulei.1982. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of coumarin, flavonoid, catecholic tannin, reducing compound in alcoholic extract of A. racemosus while its aqueous extract revealed polyuronoid, reducing compound, polyoses, saponin, gallic tannin, catecholic tannin, etc. Similarly, alcoholic extract of A. curillus revealed catecholic tannin, reducing compound and aqueous extract revealed polyuronoid polyoses, saponin, gallic...

Elephantopus scaber L.is widely used folklore in the treatment of nephritis, dampness, pain in th... more Elephantopus scaber L.is widely used folklore in the treatment of nephritis, dampness, pain in the chest, fever and cough, scabies, edema and arthralgia. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a multifactoral systemic autoimmune disease with unknown causes. The associated side effects of the anti arthritic agents motivated the author to carry out this work. The present study aims to evaluate the anti-arthritic potential of Elephantopus scaber leaves using complete freund’s adjuvant induced arthritic rat model. Coarsely powdered leaves of Elephantopus Scaber Linn. were extracted with methanol and distilled water to get the test extracts. Arthritis was induced by single sub cutaneous injection 0.1 ml of Complete Freund’s Adjuvant emulsion (CFA) into the sub plantar surface of the left hind paw. Treatment with test extracts and standard were continued up to 28 days after induction. The test extracts significantly p<0.01decreases the paw swelling and rectify the deranged hematological and bioc...

Asparagus racemosus Willd. is an important medicinal plant of tropical and subtropical regions of... more Asparagus racemosus Willd. is an important medicinal plant of tropical and subtropical regions of Nepal and India. Its medicinal usage has been reported in the Indian and British Pharmacopoeias and in traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurveda, Unani, and Siddha. Asparagus curillus Buch-Ham.ex Roxb. is also one of the species found in higher altitude of Nepal. Its roots are used as substitute for A. racemosus. Phytochemical investigation was done for these two species of Nepalese Asparagus as per Methodology for Analysis of Vegetable Drugs by I. Ciulei.1982. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of coumarin, flavonoid, catecholic tannin, reducing compound in alcoholic extract of A. racemosus while its aqueous extract revealed polyuronoid, reducing compound, polyoses, saponin, gallic tannin, catecholic tannin, etc. Similarly, alcoholic extract of A. curillus revealed catecholic tannin, reducing compound and aqueous extract revealed polyuronoid polyoses, saponin, gallic ...

Scientific Reports

Protein kinases are frequently mutated in human cancers, which leads to altered signaling pathway... more Protein kinases are frequently mutated in human cancers, which leads to altered signaling pathways and contributes to tumor growth and progression. ERK3 is an atypical mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) containing an S-E-G activation motif rather than the conserved T-X-Y motif in conventional MAPKs such as ERK1/2. Recent studies have revealed important roles for ERK3 in cancers. ERK3 promotes cancer cell migration/invasion and tumor metastasis, and its expression is upregulated in multiple cancers. Little is known, however, regarding ERK3 mutations in cancers. In the present study, we functionally and mechanistically characterized ERK3 L290P/V mutations, which are located within ERK3's kinase domain, and are shown to exist in several cancers including lung cancer and colon cancer. We found that in comparison with wild type ERK3, both L290P and L290V mutants have greatly increased activity in promoting cancer cell migration and invasion, but have little impact on ERK3's role in cell proliferation. Mechanistically, while they have no clear effect on kinase activity, L290P/V mutations enhance ERK3's cytoplasmic localization by increasing the interaction with the nuclear export factor CRM1. Our findings suggest that L290P/V mutations of ERK3 may confer increased invasiveness to cancers. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 3 (ERK3), also known as MAPK6, is an atypical mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). In contrast to conventional MAPKs (such as ERK1/2) that have dual phosphorylation sites in their conserved T-X-Y activation motif, ERK3 has a single phosphorylation site (S189) in its S-E-G activation motif 1,2. ERK3 protein shuttles between the nucleus and cytoplasm 3 and was recently also found to localize at the leading edge of the plasma membrane 4. Nuclear export of ERK3 is mediated by the exportin protein chromosomal maintenance 1 (CRM1) 3. In addition, ERK3 was shown to interact with and transport MAPK-activated protein kinase-5 (MK5) from the nucleus to the cytoplasm 5,6. Recent studies have revealed important roles for ERK3 in cancers. ERK3 stimulates lung cancer cell invasiveness both in vitro and in vivo by phosphorylating steroid receptor coactivator 3 (SRC3) oncoprotein and upregulating SRC3-mediated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) gene expression 7. In addition, ERK3 regulates cell morphology and promotes breast cancer cell migration 4. Currently, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying ERK3's motility-promoting role. Furthermore, ERK3 confers lung cancer cells resistance to topoisomerase-2 inhibitors by enhancing the DNA damage repair activity of tyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterase 2 (TDP2) 8. In line with its important roles in cancer cell migration, invasion and DNA damage response, ERK3 is upregulated in multiple cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer 7 , gastric cancer 9 and oral squamous cell carcinoma 10. Mechanistically, ERK3 expression level in cancer cells was shown to be upregulated by BRAF (through increasing ERK3 mRNA) 11 , BMI1 (by suppressing let-7i which targets ERK3 mRNA) 12 and USP20 (by deubiquitinating and stabilizing ERK3 protein) 13. Protein kinases are frequently altered in cancers and are critical players in cancer initiation and progression. Protein kinases can be altered by multiple mechanisms, such as gene copy number changes (gain or loss), mutations (including deletions, chromosomal translocation and point mutations) and epigenetic changes in gene promoters 14,15. Interestingly, ERK3 mutations were detected in multiple cancers in studies of human genome wide

Molecular and Cellular Biology / Genetics

Journal of Natural History Museum

Asparagus racemosus Willd. is an important medicinal plant of tropical and subtropical regions of... more Asparagus racemosus Willd. is an important medicinal plant of tropical and subtropical regions of Nepal and India. Its medicinal usage has been reported in the Indian and British Pharmacopoeias and in traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurveda, Unani, and Siddha. Asparagus curillus Buch-Ham.ex Roxb. is also one of the species found in higher altitude of Nepal. Its roots are used as substitute for A. racemosus. Phytochemical investigation was done for these two species of Nepalese Asparagus as per Methodology for Analysis of Vegetable Drugs by I. Ciulei.1982. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of coumarin, flavonoid, catecholic tannin, reducing compound in alcoholic extract of A. racemosus while its aqueous extract revealed polyuronoid, reducing compound, polyoses, saponin, gallic tannin, catecholic tannin, etc. Similarly, alcoholic extract of A. curillus revealed catecholic tannin, reducing compound and aqueous extract revealed polyuronoid polyoses, saponin, gallic ...

Journal of natural history museum, 2018

Asparagus racemosus Willd. is an important medicinal plant of tropical and subtropical regions of... more Asparagus racemosus Willd. is an important medicinal plant of tropical and subtropical regions of Nepal and India. Its medicinal usage has been reported in the Indian and British Pharmacopoeias and in traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurveda, Unani, and Siddha. Asparagus curillus Buch-Ham.ex Roxb. is also one of the species found in higher altitude of Nepal. Its roots are used as substitute for A. racemosus . Phytochemical investigation was done for these two species of Nepalese Asparagus as per Methodology for Analysis of Vegetable Drugs by I. Ciulei.1982. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of coumarin, flavonoid, catecholic tannin, reducing compound in alcoholic extract of A. racemosus while its aqueous extract revealed polyuronoid, reducing compound, polyoses, saponin, gallic tannin, catecholic tannin, etc. Similarly, alcoholic extract of A. curillus revealed catecholic tannin, reducing compound and aqueous extract revealed polyuronoid polyoses, saponin, gallic...

Elephantopus scaber L.is widely used folklore in the treatment of nephritis, dampness, pain in th... more Elephantopus scaber L.is widely used folklore in the treatment of nephritis, dampness, pain in the chest, fever and cough, scabies, edema and arthralgia. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a multifactoral systemic autoimmune disease with unknown causes. The associated side effects of the anti arthritic agents motivated the author to carry out this work. The present study aims to evaluate the anti-arthritic potential of Elephantopus scaber leaves using complete freund’s adjuvant induced arthritic rat model. Coarsely powdered leaves of Elephantopus Scaber Linn. were extracted with methanol and distilled water to get the test extracts. Arthritis was induced by single sub cutaneous injection 0.1 ml of Complete Freund’s Adjuvant emulsion (CFA) into the sub plantar surface of the left hind paw. Treatment with test extracts and standard were continued up to 28 days after induction. The test extracts significantly p<0.01decreases the paw swelling and rectify the deranged hematological and bioc...

Asparagus racemosus Willd. is an important medicinal plant of tropical and subtropical regions of... more Asparagus racemosus Willd. is an important medicinal plant of tropical and subtropical regions of Nepal and India. Its medicinal usage has been reported in the Indian and British Pharmacopoeias and in traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurveda, Unani, and Siddha. Asparagus curillus Buch-Ham.ex Roxb. is also one of the species found in higher altitude of Nepal. Its roots are used as substitute for A. racemosus. Phytochemical investigation was done for these two species of Nepalese Asparagus as per Methodology for Analysis of Vegetable Drugs by I. Ciulei.1982. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of coumarin, flavonoid, catecholic tannin, reducing compound in alcoholic extract of A. racemosus while its aqueous extract revealed polyuronoid, reducing compound, polyoses, saponin, gallic tannin, catecholic tannin, etc. Similarly, alcoholic extract of A. curillus revealed catecholic tannin, reducing compound and aqueous extract revealed polyuronoid polyoses, saponin, gallic ...

Scientific Reports

Protein kinases are frequently mutated in human cancers, which leads to altered signaling pathway... more Protein kinases are frequently mutated in human cancers, which leads to altered signaling pathways and contributes to tumor growth and progression. ERK3 is an atypical mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) containing an S-E-G activation motif rather than the conserved T-X-Y motif in conventional MAPKs such as ERK1/2. Recent studies have revealed important roles for ERK3 in cancers. ERK3 promotes cancer cell migration/invasion and tumor metastasis, and its expression is upregulated in multiple cancers. Little is known, however, regarding ERK3 mutations in cancers. In the present study, we functionally and mechanistically characterized ERK3 L290P/V mutations, which are located within ERK3's kinase domain, and are shown to exist in several cancers including lung cancer and colon cancer. We found that in comparison with wild type ERK3, both L290P and L290V mutants have greatly increased activity in promoting cancer cell migration and invasion, but have little impact on ERK3's role in cell proliferation. Mechanistically, while they have no clear effect on kinase activity, L290P/V mutations enhance ERK3's cytoplasmic localization by increasing the interaction with the nuclear export factor CRM1. Our findings suggest that L290P/V mutations of ERK3 may confer increased invasiveness to cancers. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 3 (ERK3), also known as MAPK6, is an atypical mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). In contrast to conventional MAPKs (such as ERK1/2) that have dual phosphorylation sites in their conserved T-X-Y activation motif, ERK3 has a single phosphorylation site (S189) in its S-E-G activation motif 1,2. ERK3 protein shuttles between the nucleus and cytoplasm 3 and was recently also found to localize at the leading edge of the plasma membrane 4. Nuclear export of ERK3 is mediated by the exportin protein chromosomal maintenance 1 (CRM1) 3. In addition, ERK3 was shown to interact with and transport MAPK-activated protein kinase-5 (MK5) from the nucleus to the cytoplasm 5,6. Recent studies have revealed important roles for ERK3 in cancers. ERK3 stimulates lung cancer cell invasiveness both in vitro and in vivo by phosphorylating steroid receptor coactivator 3 (SRC3) oncoprotein and upregulating SRC3-mediated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) gene expression 7. In addition, ERK3 regulates cell morphology and promotes breast cancer cell migration 4. Currently, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying ERK3's motility-promoting role. Furthermore, ERK3 confers lung cancer cells resistance to topoisomerase-2 inhibitors by enhancing the DNA damage repair activity of tyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterase 2 (TDP2) 8. In line with its important roles in cancer cell migration, invasion and DNA damage response, ERK3 is upregulated in multiple cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer 7 , gastric cancer 9 and oral squamous cell carcinoma 10. Mechanistically, ERK3 expression level in cancer cells was shown to be upregulated by BRAF (through increasing ERK3 mRNA) 11 , BMI1 (by suppressing let-7i which targets ERK3 mRNA) 12 and USP20 (by deubiquitinating and stabilizing ERK3 protein) 13. Protein kinases are frequently altered in cancers and are critical players in cancer initiation and progression. Protein kinases can be altered by multiple mechanisms, such as gene copy number changes (gain or loss), mutations (including deletions, chromosomal translocation and point mutations) and epigenetic changes in gene promoters 14,15. Interestingly, ERK3 mutations were detected in multiple cancers in studies of human genome wide

Molecular and Cellular Biology / Genetics

Journal of Natural History Museum

Asparagus racemosus Willd. is an important medicinal plant of tropical and subtropical regions of... more Asparagus racemosus Willd. is an important medicinal plant of tropical and subtropical regions of Nepal and India. Its medicinal usage has been reported in the Indian and British Pharmacopoeias and in traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurveda, Unani, and Siddha. Asparagus curillus Buch-Ham.ex Roxb. is also one of the species found in higher altitude of Nepal. Its roots are used as substitute for A. racemosus. Phytochemical investigation was done for these two species of Nepalese Asparagus as per Methodology for Analysis of Vegetable Drugs by I. Ciulei.1982. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of coumarin, flavonoid, catecholic tannin, reducing compound in alcoholic extract of A. racemosus while its aqueous extract revealed polyuronoid, reducing compound, polyoses, saponin, gallic tannin, catecholic tannin, etc. Similarly, alcoholic extract of A. curillus revealed catecholic tannin, reducing compound and aqueous extract revealed polyuronoid polyoses, saponin, gallic ...