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Papers by zikra azizah

EAS Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

The main purpose of this review is to increase the knowledge about black garlic that can maintain... more The main purpose of this review is to increase the knowledge about black garlic that can maintain the body's immune system through the antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects of black garlic. Black garlic is obtained from fresh garlic (Allium sativum L.) that has been fermented for a certain period of time at controlled temperature and humidity without the addition of any treatment or other ingredients. The change from garlic to black garlic affects its chemical content. The results showed that black garlic can provide antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects. The antioxidant effect of black garlic is related to its contents such as polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, sulfur components, antioxidant enzymes and products of other mailard reactions. The immunomodulatory effect is related to the carbohydrate content and its derivatives, protein and its derivatives, as well as the mailard reaction products that occur in the process of turning into black garlic. Black garlic is useful for developing traditional treatments to protect the body from threats that will interfere with the human body's immune system.

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development

Red betel leaf (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) is a plant that grows in tropical areas and was previo... more Red betel leaf (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) is a plant that grows in tropical areas and was previously known as an ornamental plant, but was later used as a medicinal plant. The use of red betel leaf (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) is traditionally beneficial in curing diseases such as thrush and toothache. Meanwhile, red betel leaf decoction, which is antiseptic, can act as a mouthwash, prevent bad breath and eliminate body odor. From chromatography, it is known that red betel leaves contain flavonoids, polyphenolic compounds, tannins, and essential oils. In the use of red betel leaves, it is widely used to get rid of body odor, vaginal discharge, ulcer, fatigue, muscle aches, and to smoothen the skin, as well as for itchy, red eye cleansers, and canker sore. Red betel leaves decoction is also believed to be able to eliminate bad breath in the mouth if used as a mouthwash.

Jurnal Farmasi Higea, Nov 1, 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan logam Pb, Cd, dan Zn pada rumput laut (Gracil... more Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan logam Pb, Cd, dan Zn pada rumput laut (Gracilaria verrucosa) dengan metode spektrofotometri serapan atom. Parameter perlakuan berdasarkan tempat pengambilan sampel yang berbeda yaitu Bungus Teluk Kabung dan Tarusan. Analisis rumput laut dilakukan dengan cara pencucian dan pengabuan, kemudian ditambahkan Asam nitrat 0,1 N dan Asam klorida 6 N dan diencerkan pada labu ukur 50 mL. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kandungan logam Pb dengan sampel RLB(rumput laut Bungus) 0,1168 mg/kg dan untuk sampel RLT (rumput laut Tarusan) tidak ada sama sekali, yang berarti tidak melebihi ambang batas cemaran logam menurut SNI (0,5 ppm). logam Cd tidak ditemukan sama sekali pada kedua sampel. Logam Zn pada sampel RLB 4,276 mg/kg dan untuk sampel RLT 3,336 mg/kg yang berarti sudah melebihi ambang batas cemaran logam menurut SNI (2,0 ppm).

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicine

Nowadays, traditional medicine in the form of medicinal plants or herbs is widely used by the com... more Nowadays, traditional medicine in the form of medicinal plants or herbs is widely used by the community. Treatment with plants that exist in nature and having relatively minor side effects can also be used for an extended period. The purpose of this review article is to seek information on the phytochemical content and pharmacological activity of keji beling plants (Strobilanthes crispus Bl.). This information was searched through the Google Scholar search engine in the last eleven years (2010 – 2021). The results of this information show that vile beling has a chemical content in the form of potassium, sodium, silicate acid, alkaloids, carbohydrates, phenolic, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, polyphenols, terpenoids, and steroids. Pharmacologically keji beling plants have antiurolithic, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiobesity, wound healing, anticancer, cytotoxic, and peptic ulcer effects. Thus, it can be concluded that the keji beling plant is one of...

Jurnal Farmasi Higea, Dec 8, 2019

Penelitian tentang skrining fitokimia dan uji aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak metanol bubuk ko... more Penelitian tentang skrining fitokimia dan uji aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak metanol bubuk kopi olahan tradisional Sungai Penuh-Kerinci dan teh Kayu Aro telah dilakukan. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi dan pengujian antioksidan dilakukan dengan metode DPPH. Jenis tanaman ini diketahui mengandung potensi antioksidan dari senyawa polifenol. Hasil skrining fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol kopi mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, fenolik, tanin, dan terpenoid, sedangkan ekstrak metanol teh mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, fenolik dan tanin. Nilai Rf yang didapat dari pengujian kromatografi lapis tipis untuk ekstrak metanol kopi adalah 0,59 dan pembanding kofein 0,59, sedangkan nilai Rf ekstrak metanol teh adalah 0,40 dan pembanding kofein 0,44. Pengukuran aktivitas antioksidan menunjukkan bahwa kedua sampel memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang lemah dengan nilai IC 50 kopi 484,705 µg/mL dan teh 208,87 µg/mL. Vitamin C sebagai pembanding memiliki aktivitas antioksidan lebih tinggi dibandingkan kedua ekstrak metanol dengan nilai IC 50 33,075 µg/mL.

Jurnal Farmasi Higea, Mar 2, 2017

The research aims to determine the effect of repeat frying and duration of storage to rancidity c... more The research aims to determine the effect of repeat frying and duration of storage to rancidity coconut oil used thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method. The sample used were coconut oil with three different brands namely coconut oil A, B, dan C. The highest TBA number of samples coconut oil A, B, dan C was after three frying and 2 days of storage, TBA number was 0.879, 0.694, and 1.336 mg malonaldehyde/Kg sample. Based on data, can conclude samples coconut oil A, B dan C has under gone rancidity, but still below the maximum limit set by Badan Standarisasi Nasional (1991) was 3 mg malonaldehyde/Kg sample. The quality coconut oil A, B, dan C still below the maximum limit set by Badan Standarisasi Nasional (2013) such as acid number was 0.6 mg KOH/g, peroxide number was 2 meq/kg, saponification number was 196-206, iod number was 45-46, and free fatty acid was 0.3 %.

Jurnal Farmasi Higea, Sep 14, 2018

Penelitian tentang skrining fitokimia dan penetapan kadar flavonoid total dari ekstrak etanol dau... more Penelitian tentang skrining fitokimia dan penetapan kadar flavonoid total dari ekstrak etanol daun pare (Momordica charantia L.) telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan fitokimia dan kadar flavonoid total ekstrak etanol daun pare famili Cucurbitaceae.Ekstraksi ini menggunakan metode maserasi pelarut etanol 70 %.Ekstrak yang didapat diuapkan sehingga diperoleh ekstrak kental.Selanjutnya dilakukan uji skrining fitokimia dan kromatografi lapis eluen heksan dan etil asetat (5:5), kemudian diidentifikasi dengan sinar UV 366 nm dan penampak bercak AlCl 3. Diperoleh kandungan senyawa kimia dari ekstrak daun pare yaitu alkaloid, flavonoid dan saponin. Pada ekstrak daun pare hutan didapatkan fenol, flavonoid, saponin dan tanin. Untuk identifikasi kromatografi lapis tipis digunakan eluen heksan dan etil asetat (5:5), kemudian diidentifikasi dengan sinar UV 366 nm dan penampak bercak AlCl 3. Selanjutnya ditetapkan kadar flavonoid menggunakan spektrofotometri sinar tampak dengan panjang gelombang serapan maksimum 426,50 nm dengan pembanding kuersetin, diperoleh kadar flavonoid total dalam ekstrak daun pare sebesar 2,87% dan dalam daun pare hutan sebesar 2,75 %. Kata Kunci : Ekstrak Momordica charantia L.

Jurnal Farmasi Higea, Mar 14, 2019

Senyawa antioksidan memiliki peran penting dalam kesehatan yang dapat melindungi tubuh terhadap k... more Senyawa antioksidan memiliki peran penting dalam kesehatan yang dapat melindungi tubuh terhadap kerusakan yang disebabkan oleh radikal bebas. Salah satu tanaman obat yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan alami adalah daun sukun (Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson ex F. A. Zorn) Fosberg). Pada penelitian ini dilakukan analisis senyawa kimia dan aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak metanol dan fraksi daun sukun. Daun sukun di maserasi dengan pelarut metanol dan difraksinasi menggunakan pelarut n-heksan, etil asetat dan air. Hasil uji fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol daun sukun mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid,fenolik, tanin, saponin dan steroid. Fraksi n-heksan mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoiddan steroid. Fraksi etil asetat mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, fenolik dan tanin, sedangkan fraksi air mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, fenolik, saponin dan tanin. Hasil pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol, fraksi n-heksan, fraksi etil asetat dan fraksi air daun sukun mempunyai aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai IC 50 berturut-turut sebesar 471,34, 2511,29, 4182,14 dan 2869,72 µg/mL. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol dan fraksi daun sukun memiliki aktivitas antioksidan sangat lemah. Kata kunci: Daun sukun, uji fitokimia, antioksidan, DPPH

A simple, precise and accurate method of analysis for the determination of chlorpheniramine malea... more A simple, precise and accurate method of analysis for the determination of chlorpheniramine maleate levels in tablets using absorbance method and the area under the curve by ultraviolet spectrophotometry has been developed and validated. This analysis was developed using various solvents, namely 0.1 N hydrochloric acid, 0.1 N sodium hydroxide, and distilled water. The results showed that the best solvent for chlorpheniramine maleate analysis was 0.1 N hydrochloric acid at a wavelength of 264.40 nm. The calibration curve shows a straight line in the concentration range of 10 - 26 μg/mL with a correlation coefficient of 0.9996, the detection limit of 0.612 μg/mL, the quantitative limit of 2.041 μg/mL by the absorbance method. The area under the curve method shows a straight calibration curve at the concentration range of 10 - 26 μg/mL with a correlation coefficient of 0.9990, the detection limit of 0.972 μg/mL, the quantitative limit of 3.239 μg/mL. Levels of generic chlorpheniramine ...

Umbi bit merah (Beta vulgaris L.) mengandung pigmen betasianin yang berfungsi sebagai alternatif ... more Umbi bit merah (Beta vulgaris L.) mengandung pigmen betasianin yang berfungsi sebagai alternatif pewarna alami. Pada penelitian ini betasianin dari ekstrak umbi bit merah di ekstraksi dengan metode ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE) menguunakan pelarut air dan dikeringkan dengan metode Frizee Draying. pengujian betasianin dari sekstrak umbi bit merah dilakukan dengan kromatografi lapis tipis diperoleh nilai Rf = 0,7 dan panjang gelombang maksimum 535 nm yang di analisis dengan metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Spektrum FTIR menunjukan bahwa pada isolat terdapat adanya gugus fungsi yang identik dengan betasianin standar. Betasianin dalam ekstrak diperoleh dengan kadar 98,6474% yang stabil pada suhu 40 °C dan pH 5. Zat warna betasianin dari ekstrak umbi bit merah telah diaplikasikan dalam sediaan farmasi, dan pada penelitian ini zat warna betasianin dari ekstrak dapat digunakan sebagai pewarna alami untuk sediaan tablet.

Review Article Indonesia is a country rich in herbal plants. One of them is noni. Noni (Morinda c... more Review Article Indonesia is a country rich in herbal plants. One of them is noni. Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) is a plant that has long been known to have many properties for treatment and disease prevention. This article aims to review the phytochemical content and pharmacological activity of noni. The way to find information is through Google Scholar with the keywords "Morinda citrifolia," "phytochemicals," "pharmacological activity." Phytochemically, this plant has been reported to contain alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins, carbohydrates, proteins, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, scopoletin, anthraquinones, and ascorbic acid. Pharmacologically, this plant has been reported to have antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antifungal, antidiabetic, immunostimulant, anaphylactic, antiulcer, antihypertensive, and antibacterial properties. The conclusion is that the noni plant contains chemical compounds that are efficacious in treating various diseases. Because of th...

Two simple spectrophotometric methods have been developed to analyse omeprazole in the capsule. T... more Two simple spectrophotometric methods have been developed to analyse omeprazole in the capsule. This method uses sodium hydroxide 0.1 N as a solvent. The absorbance method was performed at a wavelength of 304.80 nm and the undercurve area method was performed at wavelengths between 281.60 nm-333.60 nm. The linearity of both methods was obtained at a concentration range of 10 μg / mL 18 μg / mL. The absorbance method shows the correlation coefficient of 0.9998 and the area-under-curve method shows the correlation coefficient of 0.997. The percentage of generic omeprazole capsules with absorbance method was 105.48% and with the method of area under the curve was 102.87%. The percentage of omeprazole capsules of the trademark obtained by absorbance method was 104.02% and by the method of area under the curve was 103.62%. Percentage of both samples meets the requirements of Pharmacopoeia Indonesia edition V that is 90% -110%. The average per cent of recovery obtained from both samples w...

International Journal of Research, 2020

A research on the antioxidant activity ethanol extract of garlic (Allium sativum L.) and black ga... more A research on the antioxidant activity ethanol extract of garlic (Allium sativum L.) and black garlic has been done. This study determined the compound and content of secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity from the ethanol extract of garlic (Allium sativum L.) and black garlic. Extraction using the maceration method with ethanol solvent, then analyze qualitative, quantitative and antioxidant testing with 1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The results of qualitative analysis showed that the ethanol extract of garlic and black garlic contained flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins compounds. Ethanol extract of garlic in the flavonoid content was 2.5836%  0.0982, the alkaloid content was 5,413%  0.2357, saponin content was 1.1007% 0.1797. In ethanol extract of black garlic the flavonoid content was 3.0117%  0.1783, the alkaloid content was 6.9658%  1.5362, saponin content was 1.7835%  0.2017. The result of the calculation IC50 ethanol extract of garlic was 670.033...

EAS Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology

The main purpose of this review is to increase the knowledge about black garlic that can maintain... more The main purpose of this review is to increase the knowledge about black garlic that can maintain the body's immune system through the antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects of black garlic. Black garlic is obtained from fresh garlic (Allium sativum L.) that has been fermented for a certain period of time at controlled temperature and humidity without the addition of any treatment or other ingredients. The change from garlic to black garlic affects its chemical content. The results showed that black garlic can provide antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects. The antioxidant effect of black garlic is related to its contents such as polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, sulfur components, antioxidant enzymes and products of other mailard reactions. The immunomodulatory effect is related to the carbohydrate content and its derivatives, protein and its derivatives, as well as the mailard reaction products that occur in the process of turning into black garlic. Black garlic is useful for developing traditional treatments to protect the body from threats that will interfere with the human body's immune system.

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development

Red betel leaf (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) is a plant that grows in tropical areas and was previo... more Red betel leaf (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) is a plant that grows in tropical areas and was previously known as an ornamental plant, but was later used as a medicinal plant. The use of red betel leaf (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) is traditionally beneficial in curing diseases such as thrush and toothache. Meanwhile, red betel leaf decoction, which is antiseptic, can act as a mouthwash, prevent bad breath and eliminate body odor. From chromatography, it is known that red betel leaves contain flavonoids, polyphenolic compounds, tannins, and essential oils. In the use of red betel leaves, it is widely used to get rid of body odor, vaginal discharge, ulcer, fatigue, muscle aches, and to smoothen the skin, as well as for itchy, red eye cleansers, and canker sore. Red betel leaves decoction is also believed to be able to eliminate bad breath in the mouth if used as a mouthwash.

Jurnal Farmasi Higea, Nov 1, 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan logam Pb, Cd, dan Zn pada rumput laut (Gracil... more Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan logam Pb, Cd, dan Zn pada rumput laut (Gracilaria verrucosa) dengan metode spektrofotometri serapan atom. Parameter perlakuan berdasarkan tempat pengambilan sampel yang berbeda yaitu Bungus Teluk Kabung dan Tarusan. Analisis rumput laut dilakukan dengan cara pencucian dan pengabuan, kemudian ditambahkan Asam nitrat 0,1 N dan Asam klorida 6 N dan diencerkan pada labu ukur 50 mL. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan kandungan logam Pb dengan sampel RLB(rumput laut Bungus) 0,1168 mg/kg dan untuk sampel RLT (rumput laut Tarusan) tidak ada sama sekali, yang berarti tidak melebihi ambang batas cemaran logam menurut SNI (0,5 ppm). logam Cd tidak ditemukan sama sekali pada kedua sampel. Logam Zn pada sampel RLB 4,276 mg/kg dan untuk sampel RLT 3,336 mg/kg yang berarti sudah melebihi ambang batas cemaran logam menurut SNI (2,0 ppm).

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicine

Nowadays, traditional medicine in the form of medicinal plants or herbs is widely used by the com... more Nowadays, traditional medicine in the form of medicinal plants or herbs is widely used by the community. Treatment with plants that exist in nature and having relatively minor side effects can also be used for an extended period. The purpose of this review article is to seek information on the phytochemical content and pharmacological activity of keji beling plants (Strobilanthes crispus Bl.). This information was searched through the Google Scholar search engine in the last eleven years (2010 – 2021). The results of this information show that vile beling has a chemical content in the form of potassium, sodium, silicate acid, alkaloids, carbohydrates, phenolic, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, polyphenols, terpenoids, and steroids. Pharmacologically keji beling plants have antiurolithic, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiobesity, wound healing, anticancer, cytotoxic, and peptic ulcer effects. Thus, it can be concluded that the keji beling plant is one of...

Jurnal Farmasi Higea, Dec 8, 2019

Penelitian tentang skrining fitokimia dan uji aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak metanol bubuk ko... more Penelitian tentang skrining fitokimia dan uji aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak metanol bubuk kopi olahan tradisional Sungai Penuh-Kerinci dan teh Kayu Aro telah dilakukan. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi dan pengujian antioksidan dilakukan dengan metode DPPH. Jenis tanaman ini diketahui mengandung potensi antioksidan dari senyawa polifenol. Hasil skrining fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol kopi mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, fenolik, tanin, dan terpenoid, sedangkan ekstrak metanol teh mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, fenolik dan tanin. Nilai Rf yang didapat dari pengujian kromatografi lapis tipis untuk ekstrak metanol kopi adalah 0,59 dan pembanding kofein 0,59, sedangkan nilai Rf ekstrak metanol teh adalah 0,40 dan pembanding kofein 0,44. Pengukuran aktivitas antioksidan menunjukkan bahwa kedua sampel memiliki aktivitas antioksidan yang lemah dengan nilai IC 50 kopi 484,705 µg/mL dan teh 208,87 µg/mL. Vitamin C sebagai pembanding memiliki aktivitas antioksidan lebih tinggi dibandingkan kedua ekstrak metanol dengan nilai IC 50 33,075 µg/mL.

Jurnal Farmasi Higea, Mar 2, 2017

The research aims to determine the effect of repeat frying and duration of storage to rancidity c... more The research aims to determine the effect of repeat frying and duration of storage to rancidity coconut oil used thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method. The sample used were coconut oil with three different brands namely coconut oil A, B, dan C. The highest TBA number of samples coconut oil A, B, dan C was after three frying and 2 days of storage, TBA number was 0.879, 0.694, and 1.336 mg malonaldehyde/Kg sample. Based on data, can conclude samples coconut oil A, B dan C has under gone rancidity, but still below the maximum limit set by Badan Standarisasi Nasional (1991) was 3 mg malonaldehyde/Kg sample. The quality coconut oil A, B, dan C still below the maximum limit set by Badan Standarisasi Nasional (2013) such as acid number was 0.6 mg KOH/g, peroxide number was 2 meq/kg, saponification number was 196-206, iod number was 45-46, and free fatty acid was 0.3 %.

Jurnal Farmasi Higea, Sep 14, 2018

Penelitian tentang skrining fitokimia dan penetapan kadar flavonoid total dari ekstrak etanol dau... more Penelitian tentang skrining fitokimia dan penetapan kadar flavonoid total dari ekstrak etanol daun pare (Momordica charantia L.) telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan fitokimia dan kadar flavonoid total ekstrak etanol daun pare famili Cucurbitaceae.Ekstraksi ini menggunakan metode maserasi pelarut etanol 70 %.Ekstrak yang didapat diuapkan sehingga diperoleh ekstrak kental.Selanjutnya dilakukan uji skrining fitokimia dan kromatografi lapis eluen heksan dan etil asetat (5:5), kemudian diidentifikasi dengan sinar UV 366 nm dan penampak bercak AlCl 3. Diperoleh kandungan senyawa kimia dari ekstrak daun pare yaitu alkaloid, flavonoid dan saponin. Pada ekstrak daun pare hutan didapatkan fenol, flavonoid, saponin dan tanin. Untuk identifikasi kromatografi lapis tipis digunakan eluen heksan dan etil asetat (5:5), kemudian diidentifikasi dengan sinar UV 366 nm dan penampak bercak AlCl 3. Selanjutnya ditetapkan kadar flavonoid menggunakan spektrofotometri sinar tampak dengan panjang gelombang serapan maksimum 426,50 nm dengan pembanding kuersetin, diperoleh kadar flavonoid total dalam ekstrak daun pare sebesar 2,87% dan dalam daun pare hutan sebesar 2,75 %. Kata Kunci : Ekstrak Momordica charantia L.

Jurnal Farmasi Higea, Mar 14, 2019

Senyawa antioksidan memiliki peran penting dalam kesehatan yang dapat melindungi tubuh terhadap k... more Senyawa antioksidan memiliki peran penting dalam kesehatan yang dapat melindungi tubuh terhadap kerusakan yang disebabkan oleh radikal bebas. Salah satu tanaman obat yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan alami adalah daun sukun (Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson ex F. A. Zorn) Fosberg). Pada penelitian ini dilakukan analisis senyawa kimia dan aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak metanol dan fraksi daun sukun. Daun sukun di maserasi dengan pelarut metanol dan difraksinasi menggunakan pelarut n-heksan, etil asetat dan air. Hasil uji fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol daun sukun mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid,fenolik, tanin, saponin dan steroid. Fraksi n-heksan mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoiddan steroid. Fraksi etil asetat mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, fenolik dan tanin, sedangkan fraksi air mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, fenolik, saponin dan tanin. Hasil pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol, fraksi n-heksan, fraksi etil asetat dan fraksi air daun sukun mempunyai aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai IC 50 berturut-turut sebesar 471,34, 2511,29, 4182,14 dan 2869,72 µg/mL. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol dan fraksi daun sukun memiliki aktivitas antioksidan sangat lemah. Kata kunci: Daun sukun, uji fitokimia, antioksidan, DPPH

A simple, precise and accurate method of analysis for the determination of chlorpheniramine malea... more A simple, precise and accurate method of analysis for the determination of chlorpheniramine maleate levels in tablets using absorbance method and the area under the curve by ultraviolet spectrophotometry has been developed and validated. This analysis was developed using various solvents, namely 0.1 N hydrochloric acid, 0.1 N sodium hydroxide, and distilled water. The results showed that the best solvent for chlorpheniramine maleate analysis was 0.1 N hydrochloric acid at a wavelength of 264.40 nm. The calibration curve shows a straight line in the concentration range of 10 - 26 μg/mL with a correlation coefficient of 0.9996, the detection limit of 0.612 μg/mL, the quantitative limit of 2.041 μg/mL by the absorbance method. The area under the curve method shows a straight calibration curve at the concentration range of 10 - 26 μg/mL with a correlation coefficient of 0.9990, the detection limit of 0.972 μg/mL, the quantitative limit of 3.239 μg/mL. Levels of generic chlorpheniramine ...

Umbi bit merah (Beta vulgaris L.) mengandung pigmen betasianin yang berfungsi sebagai alternatif ... more Umbi bit merah (Beta vulgaris L.) mengandung pigmen betasianin yang berfungsi sebagai alternatif pewarna alami. Pada penelitian ini betasianin dari ekstrak umbi bit merah di ekstraksi dengan metode ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE) menguunakan pelarut air dan dikeringkan dengan metode Frizee Draying. pengujian betasianin dari sekstrak umbi bit merah dilakukan dengan kromatografi lapis tipis diperoleh nilai Rf = 0,7 dan panjang gelombang maksimum 535 nm yang di analisis dengan metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Spektrum FTIR menunjukan bahwa pada isolat terdapat adanya gugus fungsi yang identik dengan betasianin standar. Betasianin dalam ekstrak diperoleh dengan kadar 98,6474% yang stabil pada suhu 40 °C dan pH 5. Zat warna betasianin dari ekstrak umbi bit merah telah diaplikasikan dalam sediaan farmasi, dan pada penelitian ini zat warna betasianin dari ekstrak dapat digunakan sebagai pewarna alami untuk sediaan tablet.

Review Article Indonesia is a country rich in herbal plants. One of them is noni. Noni (Morinda c... more Review Article Indonesia is a country rich in herbal plants. One of them is noni. Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) is a plant that has long been known to have many properties for treatment and disease prevention. This article aims to review the phytochemical content and pharmacological activity of noni. The way to find information is through Google Scholar with the keywords "Morinda citrifolia," "phytochemicals," "pharmacological activity." Phytochemically, this plant has been reported to contain alkaloids, terpenoids, saponins, carbohydrates, proteins, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, scopoletin, anthraquinones, and ascorbic acid. Pharmacologically, this plant has been reported to have antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antifungal, antidiabetic, immunostimulant, anaphylactic, antiulcer, antihypertensive, and antibacterial properties. The conclusion is that the noni plant contains chemical compounds that are efficacious in treating various diseases. Because of th...

Two simple spectrophotometric methods have been developed to analyse omeprazole in the capsule. T... more Two simple spectrophotometric methods have been developed to analyse omeprazole in the capsule. This method uses sodium hydroxide 0.1 N as a solvent. The absorbance method was performed at a wavelength of 304.80 nm and the undercurve area method was performed at wavelengths between 281.60 nm-333.60 nm. The linearity of both methods was obtained at a concentration range of 10 μg / mL 18 μg / mL. The absorbance method shows the correlation coefficient of 0.9998 and the area-under-curve method shows the correlation coefficient of 0.997. The percentage of generic omeprazole capsules with absorbance method was 105.48% and with the method of area under the curve was 102.87%. The percentage of omeprazole capsules of the trademark obtained by absorbance method was 104.02% and by the method of area under the curve was 103.62%. Percentage of both samples meets the requirements of Pharmacopoeia Indonesia edition V that is 90% -110%. The average per cent of recovery obtained from both samples w...

International Journal of Research, 2020

A research on the antioxidant activity ethanol extract of garlic (Allium sativum L.) and black ga... more A research on the antioxidant activity ethanol extract of garlic (Allium sativum L.) and black garlic has been done. This study determined the compound and content of secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity from the ethanol extract of garlic (Allium sativum L.) and black garlic. Extraction using the maceration method with ethanol solvent, then analyze qualitative, quantitative and antioxidant testing with 1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The results of qualitative analysis showed that the ethanol extract of garlic and black garlic contained flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins compounds. Ethanol extract of garlic in the flavonoid content was 2.5836%  0.0982, the alkaloid content was 5,413%  0.2357, saponin content was 1.1007% 0.1797. In ethanol extract of black garlic the flavonoid content was 3.0117%  0.1783, the alkaloid content was 6.9658%  1.5362, saponin content was 1.7835%  0.2017. The result of the calculation IC50 ethanol extract of garlic was 670.033...