Mostafa E . Mahrous - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Uploads

Papers by Mostafa E . Mahrous

International Journal of Acarology, 2004

The family Phytoseiidae includes predatory mites of economic importance. They are useful in the b... more The family Phytoseiidae includes predatory mites of economic importance. They are useful in the biological control of phytophagous mites and small insects that are agricultural pests (Cobanoglu, 1996; Abdallah et. al., 2001, Nomikou et.al., 2003). A number of new species ...

The effects of cow, horse and turkey manures in comparison with oxamyl on phytoparasitic, free-li... more The effects of cow, horse and turkey manures in comparison with oxamyl on phytoparasitic, free-living and predacious nematodes were verified in a mandarin orchard located in Sharkia Governorate during 2017. Treatments of cow and horse manures were at the rate of 6.4 tons/ feddan, while that of turkey manure was at the rate of 4.8 tons/ feddan. However, oxamyl 10% G was treated at the rate of 25 kg/ feddan. Samples were taken monthly during three months after application. Soil temperature and pH were measured after sampling. Results indicated that the tested manures and oxamyl significantly (P ≤ 0.05) minified numbers of phytonematodes. The best treatment (after oxamyl) was turkey manure followed by horse manure, while cow manure was the least effective one. Remarkable decrease in numbers of plant-parasitic nematodes was noticed as the time elapsed after application. For instances, in turkey manure treatment percentages reduction in numbers of Tylenchulus semipenetrans, Pratylenchus spp., Tylenchorhynchus spp., and Helicotylenchus spp. after 2 and 3 months were diminished by 56.78% (75.29%), 57.66% (78.54%), 56.84% (77.95%) 56.23% and (78.28%), respectively. On the other hand, one month after application, the tested manures slightly increased numbers of free-living nematodes mainly genus Rhabditis and predacious nematodes belonging to order: Mononchida. Whereas, 2 and 3 months after application pronounced abundance of these nematodes was detected. The highest augmentation was achieved in soil amended with turkey manure. However, oxamyl decreased numbers of nonstomatostylet bearing nematodes compared to untreated trees. The tested manures raised soil temperature and altered soil pH to be alkaline. Generally, our results emphasized the significance of animal manures particularly the turkey one in suppression plant-parasitic nematodes in mandarin orchards which may be attributed to its role in increasing predacious nematodes and change soil temperature and pH.

The effects of cow, horse and turkey manures in comparison with oxamyl on phytoparasitic, free-li... more The effects of cow, horse and turkey manures in comparison with oxamyl on phytoparasitic, free-living and predacious nematodes were verified in a mandarin orchard located at Sharkia Governorate during 2017. Treatments of cow and horse manures were at the rate of 6.4 tons/ feddan, while that of turkey manure was at the rate of 4.8 tons/ feddan. However, oxamyl 10% G was treated at the rate of 25 kg/ feddan. Samples were taken monthly during three months after application. Soil temperature and pH were measured after sampling. Results indicated that the tested manures and oxamyl significantly (P ≤ 0.05) minified numbers of phytonematodes. The best treatment (after oxamyl) was turkey manure followed by horse manure, while cow manure was the least effective one. Remarkable decrease in numbers of plant-parasitic nematodes was noticed as the time elapsed after application. For instances, in turkey manure treatment percentages reduction in numbers of Tylenchulus semipenetrans, Pratylenchus spp., Tylenchorhynchus spp., and Helicotylenchus spp. after 2 and 3 months were diminished by 56.78% (75.29%), 57.66% (78.54%), 56.84% (77.95%) 56.23% and (78.28%), respectively. On the other hand, one month after application, the tested manures slightly increased numbers of free-living nematodes mainly genus Rhabditis and predacious nematodes belonging to order: Mononchida. Whereas, 2 and 3 months after application pronounced abundance of these nematodes was detected. The highest augmentation was achieved in soil amended with turkey manure. However, oxamyl decreased numbers of non-stomatostylet bearing nematodes compared to untreated trees. The tested manures raised soil temperature and altered soil pH to be alkaline. Generally, our results emphasized the significance of animal manures particularly the turkey one in suppression plant-parasitic nematodes in mandarin orchards which may be attributed to its role in increasing predacious nematodes and change soil temperature and pH.
Keywords: Animal manures, control, Tylenchulus semipenetrans, mandarin, free-living nematodes, predacious nematodes, soil temperature, soil pH.

The suppressive effects of six species of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) against Meloidogyne i... more The suppressive effects of six species of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) against Meloidogyne incognita infected tomato were assessed in two separate trials under greenhouse conditions. The tested EPN species were Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, H. megidis, H. zealandica, Steinernema feltiae, S. glaseri and S. riobravae. In the first trial , EPNs were applied as a liquid suspension of alive or dead infective juveniles (IJs) at rate of 5000 IJs/plant in sandy and clay soils, while in the second trial, two Galleria mellonella infected cadavers of six-day old per plant were used in sandy soil. In the two experiments, application of EPNs was accomplished simultaneously with inoculation of M. incognita. Carbofuran as a standard synthetic nematicide was used as comparison treatment at recommended rate of 0.2 g/plant. Control treatments received only water and M. incognita at rate of1000 IJs/ plant. Two months after inoculation, galling (as indicated by number of galls/plant) and reproduction (as indicated by number of egg masses /plant) as well as damage (as indicated by fresh and dry weight of areal parts) were assessed. Data showed that, treatment of carbofuran surpassed all other treatments in minifying galling and reproduction of M. incognita in sandy and clay soils. On the other hand, curative applications of alive or heat-killed IJs significantly (P≤ 0.05) diminished gall formation and egg mass production in tomato roots with slightly amelioration in fresh and dry weight of tomato shoot. Steinernematid species were more comparatively effective than heterorhabditid ones. General means for number of galls and egg masses for steinernematid species were 52.50 and 25.33 with percent reduction of 55.45 and 64.49 %, respectively. Whereas, the parallel values for heterorhabditid species were 69.67 and 36.33 with percent reduction of 40.88 and 49.07%, respectively compared to treatment of M. incognita alone. Treatments of alive IJs overwhelmed those of dead IJs in decreasing number of galls (with percent reduction of 56.53 and 39.79% respectively) and egg masses (with percent reduction of 63.16 and 50.39 %, successively). Moreover, utilization of two G. mellonella infected cadavers markedly lowered number of galls and egg masses and insignificantly (P≤ 0.05) improved plant growth parameters to certain extent. General means of percentage reduction in galls and egg masses were 58.46 and 54.74%, consecutively.

Predation of entomopathogenic nematodes by certain soil mite species was studied under laboratory... more Predation of entomopathogenic nematodes by certain soil mite species was studied under laboratory conditions . It was found that, four mesostigmatid mite species, one cryptostigmatid mite and one astigmatid mite were observed feeding on infective juveniles (IJs) of Steinernema carpocapsae. Maximum predation was found with Machrocheles sp. followed descendingly by Tyrophagus sp. and Scheloribates sp., while Hypoaspis sp. proved to be the least effective one in this respect. However, Lasioseius sp. and Rhodacarus sp. were detected with moderate nematophagous action. On the other hand , one adult female of Macrocheles sp. was voracious feeder on four species of entomopathogenic nematodes with insignificant variations (P<05) consuming 18.00 , 18.34 , 17.66 and 17.34 individuals of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, H. megidis, S. carpocapsae and S. glaseri within 24hr., respectively. The macrochelid mite slightly preferred heterorhabditid species over steinernematid species. The predator consumed more IJs of the four entomopathogenic nematode species in clay soil as compared to those consumed in sandy soil , while mixture of clay : sandy ,1:1 v/v gave moderate values .

International Journal of Acarology, 2004

The family Phytoseiidae includes predatory mites of economic importance. They are useful in the b... more The family Phytoseiidae includes predatory mites of economic importance. They are useful in the biological control of phytophagous mites and small insects that are agricultural pests (Cobanoglu, 1996; Abdallah et. al., 2001, Nomikou et.al., 2003). A number of new species ...

The effects of cow, horse and turkey manures in comparison with oxamyl on phytoparasitic, free-li... more The effects of cow, horse and turkey manures in comparison with oxamyl on phytoparasitic, free-living and predacious nematodes were verified in a mandarin orchard located in Sharkia Governorate during 2017. Treatments of cow and horse manures were at the rate of 6.4 tons/ feddan, while that of turkey manure was at the rate of 4.8 tons/ feddan. However, oxamyl 10% G was treated at the rate of 25 kg/ feddan. Samples were taken monthly during three months after application. Soil temperature and pH were measured after sampling. Results indicated that the tested manures and oxamyl significantly (P ≤ 0.05) minified numbers of phytonematodes. The best treatment (after oxamyl) was turkey manure followed by horse manure, while cow manure was the least effective one. Remarkable decrease in numbers of plant-parasitic nematodes was noticed as the time elapsed after application. For instances, in turkey manure treatment percentages reduction in numbers of Tylenchulus semipenetrans, Pratylenchus spp., Tylenchorhynchus spp., and Helicotylenchus spp. after 2 and 3 months were diminished by 56.78% (75.29%), 57.66% (78.54%), 56.84% (77.95%) 56.23% and (78.28%), respectively. On the other hand, one month after application, the tested manures slightly increased numbers of free-living nematodes mainly genus Rhabditis and predacious nematodes belonging to order: Mononchida. Whereas, 2 and 3 months after application pronounced abundance of these nematodes was detected. The highest augmentation was achieved in soil amended with turkey manure. However, oxamyl decreased numbers of nonstomatostylet bearing nematodes compared to untreated trees. The tested manures raised soil temperature and altered soil pH to be alkaline. Generally, our results emphasized the significance of animal manures particularly the turkey one in suppression plant-parasitic nematodes in mandarin orchards which may be attributed to its role in increasing predacious nematodes and change soil temperature and pH.

The effects of cow, horse and turkey manures in comparison with oxamyl on phytoparasitic, free-li... more The effects of cow, horse and turkey manures in comparison with oxamyl on phytoparasitic, free-living and predacious nematodes were verified in a mandarin orchard located at Sharkia Governorate during 2017. Treatments of cow and horse manures were at the rate of 6.4 tons/ feddan, while that of turkey manure was at the rate of 4.8 tons/ feddan. However, oxamyl 10% G was treated at the rate of 25 kg/ feddan. Samples were taken monthly during three months after application. Soil temperature and pH were measured after sampling. Results indicated that the tested manures and oxamyl significantly (P ≤ 0.05) minified numbers of phytonematodes. The best treatment (after oxamyl) was turkey manure followed by horse manure, while cow manure was the least effective one. Remarkable decrease in numbers of plant-parasitic nematodes was noticed as the time elapsed after application. For instances, in turkey manure treatment percentages reduction in numbers of Tylenchulus semipenetrans, Pratylenchus spp., Tylenchorhynchus spp., and Helicotylenchus spp. after 2 and 3 months were diminished by 56.78% (75.29%), 57.66% (78.54%), 56.84% (77.95%) 56.23% and (78.28%), respectively. On the other hand, one month after application, the tested manures slightly increased numbers of free-living nematodes mainly genus Rhabditis and predacious nematodes belonging to order: Mononchida. Whereas, 2 and 3 months after application pronounced abundance of these nematodes was detected. The highest augmentation was achieved in soil amended with turkey manure. However, oxamyl decreased numbers of non-stomatostylet bearing nematodes compared to untreated trees. The tested manures raised soil temperature and altered soil pH to be alkaline. Generally, our results emphasized the significance of animal manures particularly the turkey one in suppression plant-parasitic nematodes in mandarin orchards which may be attributed to its role in increasing predacious nematodes and change soil temperature and pH.
Keywords: Animal manures, control, Tylenchulus semipenetrans, mandarin, free-living nematodes, predacious nematodes, soil temperature, soil pH.

The suppressive effects of six species of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) against Meloidogyne i... more The suppressive effects of six species of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) against Meloidogyne incognita infected tomato were assessed in two separate trials under greenhouse conditions. The tested EPN species were Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, H. megidis, H. zealandica, Steinernema feltiae, S. glaseri and S. riobravae. In the first trial , EPNs were applied as a liquid suspension of alive or dead infective juveniles (IJs) at rate of 5000 IJs/plant in sandy and clay soils, while in the second trial, two Galleria mellonella infected cadavers of six-day old per plant were used in sandy soil. In the two experiments, application of EPNs was accomplished simultaneously with inoculation of M. incognita. Carbofuran as a standard synthetic nematicide was used as comparison treatment at recommended rate of 0.2 g/plant. Control treatments received only water and M. incognita at rate of1000 IJs/ plant. Two months after inoculation, galling (as indicated by number of galls/plant) and reproduction (as indicated by number of egg masses /plant) as well as damage (as indicated by fresh and dry weight of areal parts) were assessed. Data showed that, treatment of carbofuran surpassed all other treatments in minifying galling and reproduction of M. incognita in sandy and clay soils. On the other hand, curative applications of alive or heat-killed IJs significantly (P≤ 0.05) diminished gall formation and egg mass production in tomato roots with slightly amelioration in fresh and dry weight of tomato shoot. Steinernematid species were more comparatively effective than heterorhabditid ones. General means for number of galls and egg masses for steinernematid species were 52.50 and 25.33 with percent reduction of 55.45 and 64.49 %, respectively. Whereas, the parallel values for heterorhabditid species were 69.67 and 36.33 with percent reduction of 40.88 and 49.07%, respectively compared to treatment of M. incognita alone. Treatments of alive IJs overwhelmed those of dead IJs in decreasing number of galls (with percent reduction of 56.53 and 39.79% respectively) and egg masses (with percent reduction of 63.16 and 50.39 %, successively). Moreover, utilization of two G. mellonella infected cadavers markedly lowered number of galls and egg masses and insignificantly (P≤ 0.05) improved plant growth parameters to certain extent. General means of percentage reduction in galls and egg masses were 58.46 and 54.74%, consecutively.

Predation of entomopathogenic nematodes by certain soil mite species was studied under laboratory... more Predation of entomopathogenic nematodes by certain soil mite species was studied under laboratory conditions . It was found that, four mesostigmatid mite species, one cryptostigmatid mite and one astigmatid mite were observed feeding on infective juveniles (IJs) of Steinernema carpocapsae. Maximum predation was found with Machrocheles sp. followed descendingly by Tyrophagus sp. and Scheloribates sp., while Hypoaspis sp. proved to be the least effective one in this respect. However, Lasioseius sp. and Rhodacarus sp. were detected with moderate nematophagous action. On the other hand , one adult female of Macrocheles sp. was voracious feeder on four species of entomopathogenic nematodes with insignificant variations (P<05) consuming 18.00 , 18.34 , 17.66 and 17.34 individuals of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, H. megidis, S. carpocapsae and S. glaseri within 24hr., respectively. The macrochelid mite slightly preferred heterorhabditid species over steinernematid species. The predator consumed more IJs of the four entomopathogenic nematode species in clay soil as compared to those consumed in sandy soil , while mixture of clay : sandy ,1:1 v/v gave moderate values .