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Research paper thumbnail of Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research

Adil Raza, 2019

Background: Malaria is a systematic disease caused by a parasite called Plasmodium which is trans... more Background: Malaria is a systematic disease caused by a parasite called Plasmodium which is transmitted into the human blood via female Anopheles mosquito. Malaria in humans is caused by four species of protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium: P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, and P. malariae. The parasite enters the human body through a mosquito bite and travel to the very crucial organ, the liver, where they multiply and come back to the bloodstream and destroy red blood cells. Malaria causes symptoms that typically include fever, tiredness, vomiting, and headaches. In severe cases it can cause yellow skin, seizures, coma, or death. Symptoms usually begin ten to fifteen days after being bitten by an infected mosquito. In those who have recently survived an infection, reinfection usually causes milder symptoms. Objectives: Isolation of different species of malaria parasites. The prevalence of malaria parasite in India. Methods: The procedure follows these steps: collection of peripheral blood, staining of smear with Leishman's stain and examination of red blood cells for malaria parasites under the microscope. Results: We observed the plasmodium species in peripheral blood smear. Conclusion: Worldwide, the number of cases of malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum, the most dangerous species of the parasite, is on the rise.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of Routine and Stool Concentration Techniques for Microscopic Detection of Intestinal Ova and Cysts in the Tertiary Care Hospital of Northern India

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences

Introduction: Human intestinal parasitic infestations have a worldwide distribution. In developin... more Introduction: Human intestinal parasitic infestations have a worldwide distribution. In developing countries parasitic infestation is one of the serious health problem causing significant morbidity. Objective: To compare the routine and stool concentration techniques for parasitic ova and cysts detection so as to emphasize the importance of concentration techniques. Materials & Methods: A descriptive analysis of stool samples received from 118 study participants during a period of six months were carried out. Four techniques were applied on all samples which included direct microscopic examination by using saline and iodine preparations and the two concentration techniques which included simple salt floatation technique and Formal-ether concentration technique, followed by microscopic examinations. Results: In routine technique 30.5% of patients were positive for ova/cysts. 33.9% of patients were positive for ova/cysts of parasites by saturated saline floatation technique. Highest p...

Research paper thumbnail of Future Prospect of Plumbene: A Review

Evergreen

Discovery of graphene and its bewildering properties have brought forth another class of material... more Discovery of graphene and its bewildering properties have brought forth another class of materials known as "two dimensional materials" or 2D materials. Spurred by the achievement of graphene, alternative layered and non-layered two dimensional materials have become the focal point of extraordinary research because of their novel physical and chemical properties. Plumbene, a single layer of lead (Pb) is the latest two dimensional material, has pulled in huge enthusiasm inferable from its uncommon properties and possible applications. In this paper, we investigation about the most recent advancement in the investigation of Plumbene, for the most part on the structure, growth techniques, physical properties, future applications and difficulties. The phenomenal mechanical and thermal properties of Plumbene will open the best approach to batteries, machine manufacturing, shipbuilding, etc. Lastly, this review concludes with a future forthcoming to manage this quick advancing class of two dimensional materials in cutting edge materials science.

Research paper thumbnail of Optical properties of CdS:Pb thin layer deposited on glass substrate

Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Physics, 2020

The thermal evaporation technique has been used to deposit a polycrystalline cadmium lead sulphid... more The thermal evaporation technique has been used to deposit a polycrystalline cadmium lead sulphide thin film (Cd 1-x Pb x S with X=0.20) in a vacuum of about 10 -5 Torr at 450 ° C. This Cd 1-x Pb x S thin film has been investigated by X-ray diffraction technique. Optical constant like extinction coefficient (K), dielectric constant (€), and refractive index (n) have been measured from transmission spectrum in wavelength range from 700 nm to 1700 nm by manifacier’s envelope method. Crystallite size estimated from the Scherrer method has been found to be 31.25 nm. Coefficient of absorption (α) as well as film thickness (t) has been estimated by means of transmission spectra. The lattice parameter (a), dislocation density (δ), inter planner spacing (d), and micro strain (e) have been calculated. X-ray study reveals that film stoichiometry is maintained in deposited film. The optical study confirms that optical band gap of Cd 1-x Pb x S film can be tuned from visible to near infrared re...

Research paper thumbnail of Healthcare-Associated & Hospital Acquired Infection and its Infection Control

Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs/HAIs) are increasingly driving the outcomes o... more Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs/HAIs) are increasingly driving the outcomes of patients in both acute and long-term care health facilities. Device-associated infections (DAIs) such as ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLA-BSIs), catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs) and surgical-site infections (SSIs) together account for most of the HAIs across the world. [1,2] Objectives: The prevalence of healthcare-associated & nosocomial infections.Monitoring of hospital-associated infections-by the development of surveillance system. Prevalence: Prevention of nosocomial infections requires an integrated, monitored, programme, which includes the following key components-Confining transmission of microorganisms amid patients in direct patient care over adequate hand washing and glove use, and appropriate aseptic practice, isolation strategies, sterilization and disinfection practices, and laundry. Controlli...

Research paper thumbnail of An Review Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (Mrsa): Characterization, Prevalence and Antibiotic Reactions on Human in India

Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research

Introduction: Community acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) has been increasingly examined from India(4). A n... more Introduction: Community acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) has been increasingly examined from India(4). A network of microbiology labs (Indian Organization for Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance - INSAR) at premier medical colleges and hospitals in India was assembled with support from the World Health Organization (figure). Prevalence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus: A study displays an alarmingly high incidence of MRSA corruption in the BHU hospital. The prevalence rate is established to be 54.8%, which is much higher than most of the results where it ranged between 20% to 32.8%.(17),(18) The only report which has given somewhat similar result i.e. 51.6% is from LN Hospital, New Delhi.(19) Further, a study from Indore has shown a grow in MRSA prevalence from 12% in 1992 to 80.89% in 1999.(20) Modes of transmission and virulence factors: Due to its capability to colonize a wide range of strains (all mammals including rodents and lagomorphs), S. aureus can easily be trans...

Research paper thumbnail of Overview of Malaria Parasite and Its Prevention in India

Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research

Background: Malaria is a systematic disease caused by a parasite called Plasmodium which is trans... more Background: Malaria is a systematic disease caused by a parasite called Plasmodium which is transmitted into the human blood via female Anopheles mosquito. Malaria in humans is caused by four species of protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium: P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, and P. malariae. The parasite enters the human body through a mosquito bite and travel to the very crucial organ, the liver, where they multiply and come back to the bloodstream and destroy red blood cells. Malaria causes symptoms that typically include fever, tiredness, vomiting, and headaches. In severe cases it can cause yellow skin, seizures, coma, or death. Symptoms usually begin ten to fifteen days after being bitten by an infected mosquito. In those who have recently survived an infection, reinfection usually causes milder symptoms. Objectives: Isolation of different species of malaria parasites. The prevalence of malaria parasite in India. Methods: The procedure follows these steps: collection of ...

Research paper thumbnail of Methylation of Prolactin and Oxytocin Hormone Genes; Physiological Functions and Roles in Disease States

Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research

DNA methylation is the key mechanism in epigenetic events involved in gene silencing and gene gen... more DNA methylation is the key mechanism in epigenetic events involved in gene silencing and gene genome stability. The two important hormones involved in social behaviour, lactation and parturition are Oxytocin and Prolactin. There is growing interest in epigenetic modification of oxytocin and prolactin in neurotransmission interaction and their functional significance. This review outlines the influence of DNA methylation of genes of oxytocin and prolactin hormones/receptors and impact on their biological roles and influence on endocrine function in mammals. Keywords: Prolactin, Oxytocin, receptor, DNA methylation, epigenetics

Research paper thumbnail of Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research

Adil Raza, 2019

Background: Malaria is a systematic disease caused by a parasite called Plasmodium which is trans... more Background: Malaria is a systematic disease caused by a parasite called Plasmodium which is transmitted into the human blood via female Anopheles mosquito. Malaria in humans is caused by four species of protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium: P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, and P. malariae. The parasite enters the human body through a mosquito bite and travel to the very crucial organ, the liver, where they multiply and come back to the bloodstream and destroy red blood cells. Malaria causes symptoms that typically include fever, tiredness, vomiting, and headaches. In severe cases it can cause yellow skin, seizures, coma, or death. Symptoms usually begin ten to fifteen days after being bitten by an infected mosquito. In those who have recently survived an infection, reinfection usually causes milder symptoms. Objectives: Isolation of different species of malaria parasites. The prevalence of malaria parasite in India. Methods: The procedure follows these steps: collection of peripheral blood, staining of smear with Leishman's stain and examination of red blood cells for malaria parasites under the microscope. Results: We observed the plasmodium species in peripheral blood smear. Conclusion: Worldwide, the number of cases of malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum, the most dangerous species of the parasite, is on the rise.

Research paper thumbnail of Comparison of Routine and Stool Concentration Techniques for Microscopic Detection of Intestinal Ova and Cysts in the Tertiary Care Hospital of Northern India

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences

Introduction: Human intestinal parasitic infestations have a worldwide distribution. In developin... more Introduction: Human intestinal parasitic infestations have a worldwide distribution. In developing countries parasitic infestation is one of the serious health problem causing significant morbidity. Objective: To compare the routine and stool concentration techniques for parasitic ova and cysts detection so as to emphasize the importance of concentration techniques. Materials & Methods: A descriptive analysis of stool samples received from 118 study participants during a period of six months were carried out. Four techniques were applied on all samples which included direct microscopic examination by using saline and iodine preparations and the two concentration techniques which included simple salt floatation technique and Formal-ether concentration technique, followed by microscopic examinations. Results: In routine technique 30.5% of patients were positive for ova/cysts. 33.9% of patients were positive for ova/cysts of parasites by saturated saline floatation technique. Highest p...

Research paper thumbnail of Future Prospect of Plumbene: A Review

Evergreen

Discovery of graphene and its bewildering properties have brought forth another class of material... more Discovery of graphene and its bewildering properties have brought forth another class of materials known as "two dimensional materials" or 2D materials. Spurred by the achievement of graphene, alternative layered and non-layered two dimensional materials have become the focal point of extraordinary research because of their novel physical and chemical properties. Plumbene, a single layer of lead (Pb) is the latest two dimensional material, has pulled in huge enthusiasm inferable from its uncommon properties and possible applications. In this paper, we investigation about the most recent advancement in the investigation of Plumbene, for the most part on the structure, growth techniques, physical properties, future applications and difficulties. The phenomenal mechanical and thermal properties of Plumbene will open the best approach to batteries, machine manufacturing, shipbuilding, etc. Lastly, this review concludes with a future forthcoming to manage this quick advancing class of two dimensional materials in cutting edge materials science.

Research paper thumbnail of Optical properties of CdS:Pb thin layer deposited on glass substrate

Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Physics, 2020

The thermal evaporation technique has been used to deposit a polycrystalline cadmium lead sulphid... more The thermal evaporation technique has been used to deposit a polycrystalline cadmium lead sulphide thin film (Cd 1-x Pb x S with X=0.20) in a vacuum of about 10 -5 Torr at 450 ° C. This Cd 1-x Pb x S thin film has been investigated by X-ray diffraction technique. Optical constant like extinction coefficient (K), dielectric constant (€), and refractive index (n) have been measured from transmission spectrum in wavelength range from 700 nm to 1700 nm by manifacier’s envelope method. Crystallite size estimated from the Scherrer method has been found to be 31.25 nm. Coefficient of absorption (α) as well as film thickness (t) has been estimated by means of transmission spectra. The lattice parameter (a), dislocation density (δ), inter planner spacing (d), and micro strain (e) have been calculated. X-ray study reveals that film stoichiometry is maintained in deposited film. The optical study confirms that optical band gap of Cd 1-x Pb x S film can be tuned from visible to near infrared re...

Research paper thumbnail of Healthcare-Associated & Hospital Acquired Infection and its Infection Control

Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs/HAIs) are increasingly driving the outcomes o... more Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs/HAIs) are increasingly driving the outcomes of patients in both acute and long-term care health facilities. Device-associated infections (DAIs) such as ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLA-BSIs), catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CA-UTIs) and surgical-site infections (SSIs) together account for most of the HAIs across the world. [1,2] Objectives: The prevalence of healthcare-associated & nosocomial infections.Monitoring of hospital-associated infections-by the development of surveillance system. Prevalence: Prevention of nosocomial infections requires an integrated, monitored, programme, which includes the following key components-Confining transmission of microorganisms amid patients in direct patient care over adequate hand washing and glove use, and appropriate aseptic practice, isolation strategies, sterilization and disinfection practices, and laundry. Controlli...

Research paper thumbnail of An Review Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (Mrsa): Characterization, Prevalence and Antibiotic Reactions on Human in India

Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research

Introduction: Community acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) has been increasingly examined from India(4). A n... more Introduction: Community acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) has been increasingly examined from India(4). A network of microbiology labs (Indian Organization for Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance - INSAR) at premier medical colleges and hospitals in India was assembled with support from the World Health Organization (figure). Prevalence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus: A study displays an alarmingly high incidence of MRSA corruption in the BHU hospital. The prevalence rate is established to be 54.8%, which is much higher than most of the results where it ranged between 20% to 32.8%.(17),(18) The only report which has given somewhat similar result i.e. 51.6% is from LN Hospital, New Delhi.(19) Further, a study from Indore has shown a grow in MRSA prevalence from 12% in 1992 to 80.89% in 1999.(20) Modes of transmission and virulence factors: Due to its capability to colonize a wide range of strains (all mammals including rodents and lagomorphs), S. aureus can easily be trans...

Research paper thumbnail of Overview of Malaria Parasite and Its Prevention in India

Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research

Background: Malaria is a systematic disease caused by a parasite called Plasmodium which is trans... more Background: Malaria is a systematic disease caused by a parasite called Plasmodium which is transmitted into the human blood via female Anopheles mosquito. Malaria in humans is caused by four species of protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium: P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, and P. malariae. The parasite enters the human body through a mosquito bite and travel to the very crucial organ, the liver, where they multiply and come back to the bloodstream and destroy red blood cells. Malaria causes symptoms that typically include fever, tiredness, vomiting, and headaches. In severe cases it can cause yellow skin, seizures, coma, or death. Symptoms usually begin ten to fifteen days after being bitten by an infected mosquito. In those who have recently survived an infection, reinfection usually causes milder symptoms. Objectives: Isolation of different species of malaria parasites. The prevalence of malaria parasite in India. Methods: The procedure follows these steps: collection of ...

Research paper thumbnail of Methylation of Prolactin and Oxytocin Hormone Genes; Physiological Functions and Roles in Disease States

Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research

DNA methylation is the key mechanism in epigenetic events involved in gene silencing and gene gen... more DNA methylation is the key mechanism in epigenetic events involved in gene silencing and gene genome stability. The two important hormones involved in social behaviour, lactation and parturition are Oxytocin and Prolactin. There is growing interest in epigenetic modification of oxytocin and prolactin in neurotransmission interaction and their functional significance. This review outlines the influence of DNA methylation of genes of oxytocin and prolactin hormones/receptors and impact on their biological roles and influence on endocrine function in mammals. Keywords: Prolactin, Oxytocin, receptor, DNA methylation, epigenetics