naeem ali - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by naeem ali

Hemorrhagic septicemia has been an acute and fatal disease among cattle and buffaloes caused by P... more Hemorrhagic septicemia has been an acute and fatal disease among cattle and buffaloes caused by Pasteurella multocida. The prevalence of this disease is 49% in animals of Pakistan. The present study was to evaluate the prevalence, multidrug resistance and the molecular heterogeneity within clinical strains of P. multocida collected from different cities of Pakistan. Tissue samples of lung and spleen of dead animals were used for diagnostics. Rapid plate screening test for Hyaluronidase of clinical Isolates showing clear and white zones proved that given isolate is pathogenic. Amongst one hundred and ninety nine total isolates, only one hundred and one isolates were found to be virulent as clinical isolate of P. multocida. Isolates were confirmed through amplification (PCR) of specie–specific and Hemorrhagic septicemia type B causing test. The primer pair of specie –specific test showed a band of 300bp in all subspecies of P.multocida whereas the primer pair of HS type B causing test...

Synthesis and applications of nanomaterials has been an interesting area of nanotechnology since ... more Synthesis and applications of nanomaterials has been an interesting area of nanotechnology since last decade. Several physico-chemical methods have been used to synthesize the nanoparticles of noble metals. Numerous other methodologies are also in practice including the laser ablation, aerosol technologies, lithography, and ultraviolet irradiation. However, traditional methods are less preferred because they remain costly and involve the use of hazardous chemicals. Biological routes of synthesizing metal nanoparticles via microbes is gaining much attention due to their low toxicity, biocompatibility and eco-friendly nature. The development of reliable, eco-friendly, sustainable processes for the synthesis of nanoparticles with precise shapes, sizes and dispersity is a progressive area of nano-biotechnology. Despite the higher stability of biogenic nanoparticles there is still need to optimize the synthesis rate and other factors affecting the synthesis process. Microbial synthesi...

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP, 2011

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST) is a very rare entity in head and neck with high... more Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST) is a very rare entity in head and neck with high rate of recurrences and local invasiveness. This tumour is usually found in lower extremities and only 10-12% occur in head and neck region. The diagnosis is considered as the most elusive and difficult among soft tissue sarcomas because of its non specific presentation, both clinically as well as pathologically. This difficulty has now been overcome by immunohistochemistry. We report here a case of MPNST in a 50 years old male with a localized right maxillary growth.

European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 2018

The advancements in technology are very rapid, the education and training are shifting from tradi... more The advancements in technology are very rapid, the education and training are shifting from traditional classroom learning to Information Communication Technology (ICT) based, requiring self-organized, collaborative learning, with flexible timings, and consisting of the facilitators, learners and experts community. Use of internet technologies for improvement of knowledge and working performance is also included in the scenario of E-Learning. By these technologies the contents, sequence of learning, learning place and timings along-with media can be controlled, which allows them to enhance their expertise and exposure in order to meet the objectives of individual learning. In order to administer the view of resources and learning of the E-Learners technical standardization is done that creates multiple learning opportunities for researchers, faculty members to meet with continuing challenges of the world. Rapid changes in the world and new trends and innovations in E-Learning direc...

Scientia Iranica, 2014

The bio-synthesis of nanomaterials is emerging as an innovative methodology, which is comparative... more The bio-synthesis of nanomaterials is emerging as an innovative methodology, which is comparatively eco-friendly and inexpensive. Among different microbes, the role of fungi has been proved considerably promising in the in-vitro synthesis of nanomaterials. In this study, the comparative efficacy of four different species of Aspergillus (A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. fiavus and A. terreus) was investigated for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Initially, the synthesis was monitored through changes in coloration (yellow to dark brown) of the reaction solution containing AgNO3 reacted with the fungal biomass, of each fungi for 96 hours (hr) at 28 degrees C. The UV-visible spectra of the reaction mixture taken at different times showed a gradual change in absorbance between 400-420 nm, corresponding to changes in the surface plasmon resonance of the Ag metal. Comparatively, A. fumigatus showed a higher rate of nanoparticle synthesis than the other fungi. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD...

Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 2014

To assess the effect of various humic acid (HA) and sulfur (S) levels for higher yields in wheat,... more To assess the effect of various humic acid (HA) and sulfur (S) levels for higher yields in wheat, an experiment was conducted at New Developmental Farm, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar during rabi 2011 -12. The experiment was conducted in simple random ized complete block design having three replications. Plot size of 15 m 2 (5 m x 3 m), seed rate of 120 kg ha -1 and row to row distance of 30 cm was used. Various combinations of humic acid (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 kg ha -1 ) and sulfur (0, 15, 30 and 45 kgha -1 ) were used. Ammonium sulfate (NH 4)2SO4 was used as a source of sulfur. Recommended rates of NP (135:60 kg ha -1 ) for were applied. Nitrogen was applied in two split doses i.e. half at sowing and half at first irrigation about 21 days after sowing. Vari ety ATTA-HABIB2010 was studied during the experiment. Number of spike m -2 , grains spike -1 , thousand grains weight, biological yield and grain yield were significantly affected by humic acid and sulfur levels. The...

Business ethics has become a very popular topic in recent decades and having news on media on a d... more Business ethics has become a very popular topic in recent decades and having news on media on a daily basis which is now increased in a number of high profile business scandals that shook the business world. That is the cause of academy dishonesty of students in many universities and colleges where student training of ethics are very low for such kind of business scandals emerged. There are two factors which are under research in this topic in academy dishonest and cheating behavior which are religiosity and spirituality. This study shed lights on the religious beliefs and unethical behaviors by focusing the students of Pakistan which are studying at Universities level having academic dishonesty and cheating behavior. The individual attitudes, views, decisions making and the behaviors according to the situation are influenced by religiosity and spirituality which are posited in this study. The objective of this research is to find out the relationship between religiosity and spiritu...

Metatranscriptomics has been widely used to understand microbial behavior and functions at genomi... more Metatranscriptomics has been widely used to understand microbial behavior and functions at genomic level. It is a useful tool to detect microorganisms of interest with unique features e.g. microbe-microbe interaction, biosynthesis, metabolic pathways and adaptability to surrounding environment. We used this approach to identify key microbial communities and to predict genes involved in electron transfer on anode surface in microbial electrochemical cells (MEC s). Microbial electrochemical cells are devices used to generate electricity from microorganisms by oxidation of organic substrate. We evaluated five environmental samples collected from diverse environments for electricity generation. Three samples were able to produce significant current densities. Sample collected from Olentangy River Wetland, C olumbus, Ohio (BOHW) produced significant current density of 7Am-2, and sample from Scottsdale Lake, Arizona (BSDL) produced 6.3Am-2. However, a lake sample from Broadmeadowns Lake, ...

European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 2020

This study provides a realistic examination of link between economic growth, information technolo... more This study provides a realistic examination of link between economic growth, information technology and its elements with particular attention on the stock market advancement in Pakistan. Our results recommend a positive connection between well-organized stock market and economic growth equally in long run and short run. In financial theory globalization information technology would affect the increase economic development. This study investigates the influence of globalization and economic advancement on income disparity in Pakistan. In this study, we used the annual time series data and also used autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) econometric technique. We collected this data 1973 to 2014 from state bank of Pakistan and international financial statistics. From this study, it is decided that, globalization information technology has substantial effect on income parity; the economic growth rate is also achieving the income equality. In the policy outlook trade openness, fo...

There is agreement in the literature that attitude play pivotal role in achievements and performa... more There is agreement in the literature that attitude play pivotal role in achievements and performance in mathematics. Moreover, mathematical skills are necessary in order to complete undergraduate program of business studies. Specially, students who are having major marketing, accounting and finance subjects cannot complete degree without possessing some mathematical skills and knowledge. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between gender, marks obtained in mathematics and overall CGPA in previous semesters, with students’ attitude towards business mathematics. This empirical study is done through 18 items of attitude for business mathematics and demographic information of respondents and survey information is collected from 108 students of department of management sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur. All the respondents have already passed out business mathematics course. In order to find out results descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and regression analy...

Journal of Environmental Engineering

AbstractIn this paper, simultaneous wastewater treatment and power generation of fed-batch microb... more AbstractIn this paper, simultaneous wastewater treatment and power generation of fed-batch microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have been analyzed by introducing a stepwise variation in temperature, pH, and...

Frontiers in Microbiology

Poultry husbandry is important for the economic health of Pakistan, but the Pakistani poultry ind... more Poultry husbandry is important for the economic health of Pakistan, but the Pakistani poultry industry is negatively impacted by infections from Escherichia coli. We performed Illumina whole genome sequencing on 92 E. coli isolates obtained from the livers of deceased chickens originating in five Pakistani geographical regions. Our analysis indicates that the isolates are predominantly from the B1 and A clade and harbor a diverse number of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes, with no linkage between phylogeny and antibiotic resistance gene presence but some association between phylogeny and virulence gene and SNP presence for the B1 and E phylogroups. The colistin resistance gene mcr-1 and the quinolone resistance gene qnrS1 were both found in 13/92 isolates. Alarmingly, 82/92 of the E. coli strains characterized in this study are multidrug resistant with 100% (92/92) resistance to lincomycin, 81.5% (75/92) to streptomycin, 79.3% (73/92) to ampicillin and 66.3% (61/92) to ciprofloxacin. These results provide a high-resolution analysis of poultry-associated E. coli isolates in an area with a high endemic burden of antibiotic resistance. Surveillance of antibiotic resistance in poultry associated E. coli isolates is an important pillar of the One Health concept to integrate analysis of potential pathogens in human, animal, and environmental niches.

Frontiers in Microbiology

Microbial strains with a unique combination of technological and bioactive properties are preferr... more Microbial strains with a unique combination of technological and bioactive properties are preferred for industrial applications. The present study was conducted to evaluate the potential use of Enterococcus mundtii QAUEM2808 (NCBI Accession Number: LSMC00000000) in milk fermentation. This strain was isolated from Dahi, an indigenous fermented milk product of SouthEast Asia. The in vitro study confirmed the acidification ability as well as the proteolytic, cellulolytic, and amylolytic enzyme activities of this strain. It also produced a substantial amount of the folate in laboratory media and no physiological dysfunctions in laboratory animals was observed in feeding trials. All these properties were confirmed by in silico genome analysis. The Enterococcus mundtii QAUEM2808 genome consisted of a single, circular chromosome comprising 2,957,300-bp, 2,587 genes with GC content of 38.5%. Moreover, 16t RNAs, 1, 3 (16S, 23S) rRNAs, 4 ncRNAs, and 91 pseudo genes were also predicted. The majority of genome encode genes for protein, amino acids, carbohydrate, cell wall DNA and RNA metabolisms including all genes required for conversion of lactose to lactic acid. It also exhibited antimicrobial activity against E. coli ATCC 10536, S. aureus ATCC 6538, P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027, and L. monocytogenes ATCC 13932 and was found to be sensitive to commonly used antibiotics. The in silico analysis revealed the presence of genes for mundaticin and enterocin production, and CRISPER regions, however, the genes for antibiotic resistance were absent. No genes related to the pathogenicity island and prophages were detected by genome mining. Therefore, it could be inferened that Enterococcus mundtii QAUEM2808 has the potential to be used in milk fermentation as adjunct culture.

Journal of Microbiological Methods

Synthesis and application of reliable nanoscale materials is progressive domain and limelight of ... more Synthesis and application of reliable nanoscale materials is progressive domain and limelight of modern nanotechnology. Conventional physicochemical approaches for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles have become obsolete owing to costly and hazardous materials. There is a need to explore alternative, cost-effective and eco-friendly strategies for fabrication of nanoparticle (NPs). Green synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles has emerged as a promising approach in the last decade. Elucidation of the molecular mechanism is highly essential in the biological synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) for the controlled size, shape, and monodispersity. Moreover, mechanistic insights will help to scale up the facile synthesis protocols and will enable biotransformation of toxic heavy metals hence also providing the detoxification effects. Therefore, the current review article has primarily targeted the mechanisms involved in the green synthesis of metal NPs, which have been reported during the last few years. Detailed mechanistic pathways have highlighted nitrate reductase as a principle reducing agent in the bacterial mediated synthesis and stabilization of NPs. Furthermore, we have highlighted the potential implications of these mechanisms in bioremediation and biomineralization processes, which can play a critical role in biogeochemical cycling and environmental impacts of heavy metals. We anticipate that this review article will help researchers to address the challenges of bioremediation and modern nanotechnology.

Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology

BACKGROUND: The present study compared the performance and capability of thermophilic–mesophilic,... more BACKGROUND: The present study compared the performance and capability of thermophilic–mesophilic, temperature‐phased anaerobic digestion (TPAD) of wastewater sludge at 45 and 55 °C in terms of rate of hydrolysis and methanogenesis at two point interval times – December and January – with operational conditions kept constant (total solid content 6.5%, solids retention time 12.5 days). RESULTS: The reduction of volatile solids (VS) was 77% at 45 °C TPAD‐1 and 72% at 55 °C TPAD‐II. The accumulation of ammonia and volatile fatty acids (VFAs; propionic acid) were observed to be below the inhibitory range (>3000 mg L⁻¹), whereas the methane (CH₄) production (45 °C, 3.55 ± 0.47 L CH₄ L⁻¹ day⁻¹; 35 °C, 1.44 ± 0.12 L CH₄ L⁻¹ day⁻¹) remained considerably higher in TPAD‐I than TPAD‐II. Furthermore, the TPAD‐II system suffered from certain degree of instability due to high level of total VFAs (6087 ± 1578 mg L⁻¹), low buffering capacity, increased level of total NH₃ (2982 ± 219 mg L⁻¹) and free NH₃ (246 ± 25 mg L⁻¹), and relatively reduced CH₄ production (1.69 ± 0.1 L L⁻¹ day). The bacterial and archaeal population of the TPADs investigated by 454 pyrosequencing and Illumina sequencing showed, in both TPAD systems, a bacterial community dominated by Firmicutes, followed by Bacteriodetes, Proteobacteria, Synergistetes and Actiniobacteria. The archaeal community was dominated by Methanimicrobia (74–84% Methanosarcina) and Methanobacteria (15–27% Methanobacterium). A progression from genus Clostridium to Coprothermobacter and Tepidanaerobacter, and Methanocarcina to Methanothermobacter and Methanobacterium was observed in TPAD‐II. CONCLUSIONS: This study proved the processes driving the dynamics of key microbial population and its correlation with hydrolytic functionality of TPAD systems. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

Iranian journal of biotechnology, 2017

Different concentrations of the simple carbon substrates i.e. glucose, fructose, and sucrose were... more Different concentrations of the simple carbon substrates i.e. glucose, fructose, and sucrose were tested to enhance the performance of the mediator-less double chamber microbial fuel cell (MFC). The power generation potential of the different electron donors was studied using a mesophilic Fe (III) reducer and non-fermentative bacteria -isolated from municipal wastewater. A double chamber MFC was operated with three different electron donors including glucose, sucrose, and fructose. Substrate utilization pattern was determined through chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate and voltage generation. In addition, electrochemical, physicochemical, and microscopic analysis of the anodic biofilm was conducted. was proven to effectively utilize hexose and pentose sugars through anode respiration. Higher power density was generated from glucose (136 ± 87 mWm) lead by fructose (3.6 ± 1.6 mWm) and sucrose (8.606 ± mWm). Furthermore, a direct relation was demonstrated between current generati...

Environmental monitoring and assessment, Jan 27, 2018

In the present study, organismic-level acute toxicology profile of three reactive azo dyes, viz. ... more In the present study, organismic-level acute toxicology profile of three reactive azo dyes, viz. Reactive Blue 221, Reactive Red 195, and Reactive Yellow 145, was investigated, by using bacterial (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Bacillus subtilis), fungal (Trichoderma asperellum, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium fujikuroi, and Rhizoctonia solani), plant (Raphanus sativus, Triticum aestivum, Sorghum bicolor, and Phaseolus mungo), and aquatic (Artemia salina and Daphnia magna) specimens. Microbial test organisms (all the six bacteria and two fungi, i.e., T. asperellum and A. flavus) and D. magna were found to be relatively more sensitive towards the reactive azo dyes and their mixture, as the EC50 values were in the range of 80-330, 135-360, and 108-242 ppm for bacteria, fungi, and D. magna, respectively (but the effect was not acutely toxic). Moreover, the effect of dye mixture was comparable tothe indivi...

Physical therapy, Jan 28, 2018

Post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) is a constellation of new or worsening impairments in physica... more Post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) is a constellation of new or worsening impairments in physical, mental, or cognitive abilities or a combination of these in individuals who have survived critical illness requiring intensive care. The 2 purposes of this systematic review were to identify the scope and magnitude of physical problems associated with PICS during the first year after critical illness and to use the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework to elucidate impairments of body functions and structures, activity limitations, and participation restrictions associated with PICS. Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, CINAHL Plus with Full Text (EBSCO), Web of Science, and Embase were searched from inception until March 7, 2017. Two reviewers screened titles, abstracts, and full text to independently determine study eligibil...

Acta poloniae pharmaceutica, 2016

An endophytic fungus NFWI, possessing antimicrobial activity against bacterial and fungal pathoge... more An endophytic fungus NFWI, possessing antimicrobial activity against bacterial and fungal pathogens, was isolated from indigenous Taxus fauna. Phylogenetic analysis coupled with cultural and morphological characteristics revealed that endophyte NFWI closely resembles Epicoccum sp. It showed optimum growth and antimicrobial activity in mineral salt medium TM, incubation temperature 250C, incubation time 15 days and pH 6.5. Antimicrobial peptides were precipitated with 80% ammonium sulfate and expressed significant inhibitory effect against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC6538) and Candida albicans (CI.I 4043). It also inhibited growth of Streptomyces 85E in hyphae formation inhibition assay showing potential as protein kinase inhibitor. Gel filtration chromatography on Sephadex G-75, followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis resolved the crude precipitate into three fractions of molecular mass 32 kDa, 44 kDa and 70 kDa. The study concludes that endophytic fungi...

Hemorrhagic septicemia has been an acute and fatal disease among cattle and buffaloes caused by P... more Hemorrhagic septicemia has been an acute and fatal disease among cattle and buffaloes caused by Pasteurella multocida. The prevalence of this disease is 49% in animals of Pakistan. The present study was to evaluate the prevalence, multidrug resistance and the molecular heterogeneity within clinical strains of P. multocida collected from different cities of Pakistan. Tissue samples of lung and spleen of dead animals were used for diagnostics. Rapid plate screening test for Hyaluronidase of clinical Isolates showing clear and white zones proved that given isolate is pathogenic. Amongst one hundred and ninety nine total isolates, only one hundred and one isolates were found to be virulent as clinical isolate of P. multocida. Isolates were confirmed through amplification (PCR) of specie–specific and Hemorrhagic septicemia type B causing test. The primer pair of specie –specific test showed a band of 300bp in all subspecies of P.multocida whereas the primer pair of HS type B causing test...

Synthesis and applications of nanomaterials has been an interesting area of nanotechnology since ... more Synthesis and applications of nanomaterials has been an interesting area of nanotechnology since last decade. Several physico-chemical methods have been used to synthesize the nanoparticles of noble metals. Numerous other methodologies are also in practice including the laser ablation, aerosol technologies, lithography, and ultraviolet irradiation. However, traditional methods are less preferred because they remain costly and involve the use of hazardous chemicals. Biological routes of synthesizing metal nanoparticles via microbes is gaining much attention due to their low toxicity, biocompatibility and eco-friendly nature. The development of reliable, eco-friendly, sustainable processes for the synthesis of nanoparticles with precise shapes, sizes and dispersity is a progressive area of nano-biotechnology. Despite the higher stability of biogenic nanoparticles there is still need to optimize the synthesis rate and other factors affecting the synthesis process. Microbial synthesi...

Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP, 2011

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST) is a very rare entity in head and neck with high... more Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST) is a very rare entity in head and neck with high rate of recurrences and local invasiveness. This tumour is usually found in lower extremities and only 10-12% occur in head and neck region. The diagnosis is considered as the most elusive and difficult among soft tissue sarcomas because of its non specific presentation, both clinically as well as pathologically. This difficulty has now been overcome by immunohistochemistry. We report here a case of MPNST in a 50 years old male with a localized right maxillary growth.

European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 2018

The advancements in technology are very rapid, the education and training are shifting from tradi... more The advancements in technology are very rapid, the education and training are shifting from traditional classroom learning to Information Communication Technology (ICT) based, requiring self-organized, collaborative learning, with flexible timings, and consisting of the facilitators, learners and experts community. Use of internet technologies for improvement of knowledge and working performance is also included in the scenario of E-Learning. By these technologies the contents, sequence of learning, learning place and timings along-with media can be controlled, which allows them to enhance their expertise and exposure in order to meet the objectives of individual learning. In order to administer the view of resources and learning of the E-Learners technical standardization is done that creates multiple learning opportunities for researchers, faculty members to meet with continuing challenges of the world. Rapid changes in the world and new trends and innovations in E-Learning direc...

Scientia Iranica, 2014

The bio-synthesis of nanomaterials is emerging as an innovative methodology, which is comparative... more The bio-synthesis of nanomaterials is emerging as an innovative methodology, which is comparatively eco-friendly and inexpensive. Among different microbes, the role of fungi has been proved considerably promising in the in-vitro synthesis of nanomaterials. In this study, the comparative efficacy of four different species of Aspergillus (A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. fiavus and A. terreus) was investigated for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Initially, the synthesis was monitored through changes in coloration (yellow to dark brown) of the reaction solution containing AgNO3 reacted with the fungal biomass, of each fungi for 96 hours (hr) at 28 degrees C. The UV-visible spectra of the reaction mixture taken at different times showed a gradual change in absorbance between 400-420 nm, corresponding to changes in the surface plasmon resonance of the Ag metal. Comparatively, A. fumigatus showed a higher rate of nanoparticle synthesis than the other fungi. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD...

Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 2014

To assess the effect of various humic acid (HA) and sulfur (S) levels for higher yields in wheat,... more To assess the effect of various humic acid (HA) and sulfur (S) levels for higher yields in wheat, an experiment was conducted at New Developmental Farm, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar during rabi 2011 -12. The experiment was conducted in simple random ized complete block design having three replications. Plot size of 15 m 2 (5 m x 3 m), seed rate of 120 kg ha -1 and row to row distance of 30 cm was used. Various combinations of humic acid (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 kg ha -1 ) and sulfur (0, 15, 30 and 45 kgha -1 ) were used. Ammonium sulfate (NH 4)2SO4 was used as a source of sulfur. Recommended rates of NP (135:60 kg ha -1 ) for were applied. Nitrogen was applied in two split doses i.e. half at sowing and half at first irrigation about 21 days after sowing. Vari ety ATTA-HABIB2010 was studied during the experiment. Number of spike m -2 , grains spike -1 , thousand grains weight, biological yield and grain yield were significantly affected by humic acid and sulfur levels. The...

Business ethics has become a very popular topic in recent decades and having news on media on a d... more Business ethics has become a very popular topic in recent decades and having news on media on a daily basis which is now increased in a number of high profile business scandals that shook the business world. That is the cause of academy dishonesty of students in many universities and colleges where student training of ethics are very low for such kind of business scandals emerged. There are two factors which are under research in this topic in academy dishonest and cheating behavior which are religiosity and spirituality. This study shed lights on the religious beliefs and unethical behaviors by focusing the students of Pakistan which are studying at Universities level having academic dishonesty and cheating behavior. The individual attitudes, views, decisions making and the behaviors according to the situation are influenced by religiosity and spirituality which are posited in this study. The objective of this research is to find out the relationship between religiosity and spiritu...

Metatranscriptomics has been widely used to understand microbial behavior and functions at genomi... more Metatranscriptomics has been widely used to understand microbial behavior and functions at genomic level. It is a useful tool to detect microorganisms of interest with unique features e.g. microbe-microbe interaction, biosynthesis, metabolic pathways and adaptability to surrounding environment. We used this approach to identify key microbial communities and to predict genes involved in electron transfer on anode surface in microbial electrochemical cells (MEC s). Microbial electrochemical cells are devices used to generate electricity from microorganisms by oxidation of organic substrate. We evaluated five environmental samples collected from diverse environments for electricity generation. Three samples were able to produce significant current densities. Sample collected from Olentangy River Wetland, C olumbus, Ohio (BOHW) produced significant current density of 7Am-2, and sample from Scottsdale Lake, Arizona (BSDL) produced 6.3Am-2. However, a lake sample from Broadmeadowns Lake, ...

European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 2020

This study provides a realistic examination of link between economic growth, information technolo... more This study provides a realistic examination of link between economic growth, information technology and its elements with particular attention on the stock market advancement in Pakistan. Our results recommend a positive connection between well-organized stock market and economic growth equally in long run and short run. In financial theory globalization information technology would affect the increase economic development. This study investigates the influence of globalization and economic advancement on income disparity in Pakistan. In this study, we used the annual time series data and also used autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) econometric technique. We collected this data 1973 to 2014 from state bank of Pakistan and international financial statistics. From this study, it is decided that, globalization information technology has substantial effect on income parity; the economic growth rate is also achieving the income equality. In the policy outlook trade openness, fo...

There is agreement in the literature that attitude play pivotal role in achievements and performa... more There is agreement in the literature that attitude play pivotal role in achievements and performance in mathematics. Moreover, mathematical skills are necessary in order to complete undergraduate program of business studies. Specially, students who are having major marketing, accounting and finance subjects cannot complete degree without possessing some mathematical skills and knowledge. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between gender, marks obtained in mathematics and overall CGPA in previous semesters, with students’ attitude towards business mathematics. This empirical study is done through 18 items of attitude for business mathematics and demographic information of respondents and survey information is collected from 108 students of department of management sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur. All the respondents have already passed out business mathematics course. In order to find out results descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and regression analy...

Journal of Environmental Engineering

AbstractIn this paper, simultaneous wastewater treatment and power generation of fed-batch microb... more AbstractIn this paper, simultaneous wastewater treatment and power generation of fed-batch microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have been analyzed by introducing a stepwise variation in temperature, pH, and...

Frontiers in Microbiology

Poultry husbandry is important for the economic health of Pakistan, but the Pakistani poultry ind... more Poultry husbandry is important for the economic health of Pakistan, but the Pakistani poultry industry is negatively impacted by infections from Escherichia coli. We performed Illumina whole genome sequencing on 92 E. coli isolates obtained from the livers of deceased chickens originating in five Pakistani geographical regions. Our analysis indicates that the isolates are predominantly from the B1 and A clade and harbor a diverse number of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes, with no linkage between phylogeny and antibiotic resistance gene presence but some association between phylogeny and virulence gene and SNP presence for the B1 and E phylogroups. The colistin resistance gene mcr-1 and the quinolone resistance gene qnrS1 were both found in 13/92 isolates. Alarmingly, 82/92 of the E. coli strains characterized in this study are multidrug resistant with 100% (92/92) resistance to lincomycin, 81.5% (75/92) to streptomycin, 79.3% (73/92) to ampicillin and 66.3% (61/92) to ciprofloxacin. These results provide a high-resolution analysis of poultry-associated E. coli isolates in an area with a high endemic burden of antibiotic resistance. Surveillance of antibiotic resistance in poultry associated E. coli isolates is an important pillar of the One Health concept to integrate analysis of potential pathogens in human, animal, and environmental niches.

Frontiers in Microbiology

Microbial strains with a unique combination of technological and bioactive properties are preferr... more Microbial strains with a unique combination of technological and bioactive properties are preferred for industrial applications. The present study was conducted to evaluate the potential use of Enterococcus mundtii QAUEM2808 (NCBI Accession Number: LSMC00000000) in milk fermentation. This strain was isolated from Dahi, an indigenous fermented milk product of SouthEast Asia. The in vitro study confirmed the acidification ability as well as the proteolytic, cellulolytic, and amylolytic enzyme activities of this strain. It also produced a substantial amount of the folate in laboratory media and no physiological dysfunctions in laboratory animals was observed in feeding trials. All these properties were confirmed by in silico genome analysis. The Enterococcus mundtii QAUEM2808 genome consisted of a single, circular chromosome comprising 2,957,300-bp, 2,587 genes with GC content of 38.5%. Moreover, 16t RNAs, 1, 3 (16S, 23S) rRNAs, 4 ncRNAs, and 91 pseudo genes were also predicted. The majority of genome encode genes for protein, amino acids, carbohydrate, cell wall DNA and RNA metabolisms including all genes required for conversion of lactose to lactic acid. It also exhibited antimicrobial activity against E. coli ATCC 10536, S. aureus ATCC 6538, P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027, and L. monocytogenes ATCC 13932 and was found to be sensitive to commonly used antibiotics. The in silico analysis revealed the presence of genes for mundaticin and enterocin production, and CRISPER regions, however, the genes for antibiotic resistance were absent. No genes related to the pathogenicity island and prophages were detected by genome mining. Therefore, it could be inferened that Enterococcus mundtii QAUEM2808 has the potential to be used in milk fermentation as adjunct culture.

Journal of Microbiological Methods

Synthesis and application of reliable nanoscale materials is progressive domain and limelight of ... more Synthesis and application of reliable nanoscale materials is progressive domain and limelight of modern nanotechnology. Conventional physicochemical approaches for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles have become obsolete owing to costly and hazardous materials. There is a need to explore alternative, cost-effective and eco-friendly strategies for fabrication of nanoparticle (NPs). Green synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles has emerged as a promising approach in the last decade. Elucidation of the molecular mechanism is highly essential in the biological synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) for the controlled size, shape, and monodispersity. Moreover, mechanistic insights will help to scale up the facile synthesis protocols and will enable biotransformation of toxic heavy metals hence also providing the detoxification effects. Therefore, the current review article has primarily targeted the mechanisms involved in the green synthesis of metal NPs, which have been reported during the last few years. Detailed mechanistic pathways have highlighted nitrate reductase as a principle reducing agent in the bacterial mediated synthesis and stabilization of NPs. Furthermore, we have highlighted the potential implications of these mechanisms in bioremediation and biomineralization processes, which can play a critical role in biogeochemical cycling and environmental impacts of heavy metals. We anticipate that this review article will help researchers to address the challenges of bioremediation and modern nanotechnology.

Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology

BACKGROUND: The present study compared the performance and capability of thermophilic–mesophilic,... more BACKGROUND: The present study compared the performance and capability of thermophilic–mesophilic, temperature‐phased anaerobic digestion (TPAD) of wastewater sludge at 45 and 55 °C in terms of rate of hydrolysis and methanogenesis at two point interval times – December and January – with operational conditions kept constant (total solid content 6.5%, solids retention time 12.5 days). RESULTS: The reduction of volatile solids (VS) was 77% at 45 °C TPAD‐1 and 72% at 55 °C TPAD‐II. The accumulation of ammonia and volatile fatty acids (VFAs; propionic acid) were observed to be below the inhibitory range (>3000 mg L⁻¹), whereas the methane (CH₄) production (45 °C, 3.55 ± 0.47 L CH₄ L⁻¹ day⁻¹; 35 °C, 1.44 ± 0.12 L CH₄ L⁻¹ day⁻¹) remained considerably higher in TPAD‐I than TPAD‐II. Furthermore, the TPAD‐II system suffered from certain degree of instability due to high level of total VFAs (6087 ± 1578 mg L⁻¹), low buffering capacity, increased level of total NH₃ (2982 ± 219 mg L⁻¹) and free NH₃ (246 ± 25 mg L⁻¹), and relatively reduced CH₄ production (1.69 ± 0.1 L L⁻¹ day). The bacterial and archaeal population of the TPADs investigated by 454 pyrosequencing and Illumina sequencing showed, in both TPAD systems, a bacterial community dominated by Firmicutes, followed by Bacteriodetes, Proteobacteria, Synergistetes and Actiniobacteria. The archaeal community was dominated by Methanimicrobia (74–84% Methanosarcina) and Methanobacteria (15–27% Methanobacterium). A progression from genus Clostridium to Coprothermobacter and Tepidanaerobacter, and Methanocarcina to Methanothermobacter and Methanobacterium was observed in TPAD‐II. CONCLUSIONS: This study proved the processes driving the dynamics of key microbial population and its correlation with hydrolytic functionality of TPAD systems. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

Iranian journal of biotechnology, 2017

Different concentrations of the simple carbon substrates i.e. glucose, fructose, and sucrose were... more Different concentrations of the simple carbon substrates i.e. glucose, fructose, and sucrose were tested to enhance the performance of the mediator-less double chamber microbial fuel cell (MFC). The power generation potential of the different electron donors was studied using a mesophilic Fe (III) reducer and non-fermentative bacteria -isolated from municipal wastewater. A double chamber MFC was operated with three different electron donors including glucose, sucrose, and fructose. Substrate utilization pattern was determined through chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate and voltage generation. In addition, electrochemical, physicochemical, and microscopic analysis of the anodic biofilm was conducted. was proven to effectively utilize hexose and pentose sugars through anode respiration. Higher power density was generated from glucose (136 ± 87 mWm) lead by fructose (3.6 ± 1.6 mWm) and sucrose (8.606 ± mWm). Furthermore, a direct relation was demonstrated between current generati...

Environmental monitoring and assessment, Jan 27, 2018

In the present study, organismic-level acute toxicology profile of three reactive azo dyes, viz. ... more In the present study, organismic-level acute toxicology profile of three reactive azo dyes, viz. Reactive Blue 221, Reactive Red 195, and Reactive Yellow 145, was investigated, by using bacterial (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Bacillus subtilis), fungal (Trichoderma asperellum, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium fujikuroi, and Rhizoctonia solani), plant (Raphanus sativus, Triticum aestivum, Sorghum bicolor, and Phaseolus mungo), and aquatic (Artemia salina and Daphnia magna) specimens. Microbial test organisms (all the six bacteria and two fungi, i.e., T. asperellum and A. flavus) and D. magna were found to be relatively more sensitive towards the reactive azo dyes and their mixture, as the EC50 values were in the range of 80-330, 135-360, and 108-242 ppm for bacteria, fungi, and D. magna, respectively (but the effect was not acutely toxic). Moreover, the effect of dye mixture was comparable tothe indivi...

Physical therapy, Jan 28, 2018

Post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) is a constellation of new or worsening impairments in physica... more Post-intensive care syndrome (PICS) is a constellation of new or worsening impairments in physical, mental, or cognitive abilities or a combination of these in individuals who have survived critical illness requiring intensive care. The 2 purposes of this systematic review were to identify the scope and magnitude of physical problems associated with PICS during the first year after critical illness and to use the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework to elucidate impairments of body functions and structures, activity limitations, and participation restrictions associated with PICS. Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, CINAHL Plus with Full Text (EBSCO), Web of Science, and Embase were searched from inception until March 7, 2017. Two reviewers screened titles, abstracts, and full text to independently determine study eligibil...

Acta poloniae pharmaceutica, 2016

An endophytic fungus NFWI, possessing antimicrobial activity against bacterial and fungal pathoge... more An endophytic fungus NFWI, possessing antimicrobial activity against bacterial and fungal pathogens, was isolated from indigenous Taxus fauna. Phylogenetic analysis coupled with cultural and morphological characteristics revealed that endophyte NFWI closely resembles Epicoccum sp. It showed optimum growth and antimicrobial activity in mineral salt medium TM, incubation temperature 250C, incubation time 15 days and pH 6.5. Antimicrobial peptides were precipitated with 80% ammonium sulfate and expressed significant inhibitory effect against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC6538) and Candida albicans (CI.I 4043). It also inhibited growth of Streptomyces 85E in hyphae formation inhibition assay showing potential as protein kinase inhibitor. Gel filtration chromatography on Sephadex G-75, followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis resolved the crude precipitate into three fractions of molecular mass 32 kDa, 44 kDa and 70 kDa. The study concludes that endophytic fungi...