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Papers by mustamin rahim

CLAPEYRON : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik sipil

Masjid Raya Sofifi memiliki daya tarik tersendiri, disamping pelataran yang luas juga terletak di... more Masjid Raya Sofifi memiliki daya tarik tersendiri, disamping pelataran yang luas juga terletak di area yang strategis serta memiliki ciri khas fasad bangunan yang di dominasi oleh karawangan yang merupakan hal baru di Maluku Utara kususnya daratan Halmahera. Pelataran Masjid Raya Sofifi yang luas, juga didukung fasilitas sekitarnya yang juga dapat mendukung Masjid Raya Sofifi dalam menyelenggarakan event nasional seperti ruang terbuka hijau yang terdiri empat segmen dengan masing-masing fungsinya, kemudian area UMKM dimana area ini terdiri dari stanstan jualan juga halaman yang luas, kedua tempat tersebut ada koneksi langsung dengan Masjid Raya Sofifi terutama untuk sirkulasi kendaraan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan survei langsung dilapangan untuk mendapatkan data primer dan sekunder, data sekunder didapat dari pihak Dinas Pekerjaan Umum dan Penataan Ruang Provinsi Maluku Utara. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengkajian terhadap standar-standar yang ada mengenai pengelolaan parkir kemudian dilakukan analisa data untuk mengetahui nilai bangkitan dan karakteristik parkir. Sehingga didapatkan tarikan perjalanan yang terjadi di Masjid Raya Sofifi Sofifi sebesar 125 smp/hari. Untuk tarikan perjalanan berbanding jumlah daya tampung jemaah masjid sebesar 0.0417 smp/daya tampung/hari, dan 2. Dari luasan lahan parkir tersedia yaitu 3818.25 m2 dibagi menjadi 327 petak parkir untuk sepeda motor dengan luasan 490.50 m2 dan 58 petak parkir untuk mobil dengan luasan 725 m2 dimana jumlah petak parkir ini melebihi kebutuhan lahan parkir.

Civil Engineering and Architecture

The energy consumption in the building sector is very high and is expected to increase continuous... more The energy consumption in the building sector is very high and is expected to increase continuously with the world's population growth. It is believed that vernacular architecture has the essential knowledge to be learned and adopted as sustainable development strategies according to the context and region. Therefore, this study aims to explore the vernacular architecture of the archipelago region of Tidore in Indonesia through literature studies and field observations to understand the principles of design and building construction systems in response to extreme environments. It also focuses on analyzing the features of local wisdom and sustainability applied to vernacular architecture in the past using the sustainable assessment method. The results showed that the Tidore vernacular architecture has adapted to extreme weather and natural disasters for centuries with the traditional construction technique of the button and bond systems using lightweight materials from the surrounding environment. It also aligns with the local context, including the culture, tradition, and religion or spirituality of the people. Moreover, the approach respects the environmental and climatic factors and is in harmony with the topography. The strongest point of this approach is the ability to realize the "spiritual-human-environment" harmony for the human environment's comfort. These findings are expected to inspire sustainable architectural designs in the future.

Environment and Ecology Research

Indonesians had lived a lifestyle in the past that was very harmonious with their environment. Al... more Indonesians had lived a lifestyle in the past that was very harmonious with their environment. Almost all tribes and communities had policies for preserving and managing their surroundings based on local wisdom that was passed down from previous generations. However, due to the increase in the development of modern cities, this knowledge began to erode. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the impact of waterfront city development on coastal resources and local wisdom in relation to the preservation of sustainable environments in the archipelago city of Ternate. This study was performed through a literature review, field observations, and interviews with 250 respondents. The results show that the increase in waterfront development activities can reduce the potential of coastal resources as well as have an impact on changes in regional characteristics and features of local wisdom in coastal areas due to reclamation. The conservation of environmental resources and the management of coastal areas based on local wisdom and sustainable development can improve the value of the environment and reduce the pressure on coastal resources. The findings of this study can improve insight into the importance of sustainable waterfront development based on local wisdom, specifically in archipelagic cities.

This study aims to investigate the effect of banana stem fibers (BSFs) treatment with liquid smok... more This study aims to investigate the effect of banana stem fibers (BSFs) treatment with liquid smoke on changes in the micro-mechanics properties of BSFs, the tensile strength of single fibers, mor-phology, crystalline properties, and functional groups. The research used four model specimen variations, namely fiber without treatment and immersion in liquid smoke for 1, 2, and 3 hours. The BSFs with treatment was dried in an oven with a temperature of 40ºC for 30 minutes. Several tests were conducted, including a tensile test of single fiber capacity of 50N standard ASTM 3379-02, SEM observation, XRD, and FTIR test. The results showed that the highest increase in fiber strength was P2J, which was 264.21 MPa, and the lowest was TP fiber at 148.54 MPa. Fibers treatment with liquid smoke can form strong C-C elemental bonds caused by the H2O degradation process in BSFs, hence carbon atoms (C) are dense, and in conditions of excessive H2O degradation, the fiber strength will become brittle ...

This study aims to analyze the characteristics of traditional Buginese houses and positive featur... more This study aims to analyze the characteristics of traditional Buginese houses and positive features that are beneficial to response sustainability and pandemics through literature studies and field observations. The study results show that the traditional Buginese houses were built based on local wisdom and environmental consideration from the philosophy of "Sulapa Eppa" (rectangular) with the meaning "Universe". The building typology is a stilt house consisting of three levels of the room, which symbolize the human body anatomy; head (roof/house attic), body (body-house), and foot (under the house). The Buginese traditional architecture is very responsive to nature and sustainability and contains positive features in maintaining the building occupant's health in the past according to experience and resources at that time. These positive values can inspire sustainable designs in the future.

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2022

This study aims to identify the response of the vernacular building to climate and sustainability... more This study aims to identify the response of the vernacular building to climate and sustainability by literature study and field observations. The results show that the vernacular building in Ternate Island develops based on the characteristics of the region. The typology of building differs in each tribe following the natural condition and local culture, it has a line of equality in the building philosophy as an embodiment of the human body: feet (foundation), body (wall and room), and head (roof). Vernacular architecture in Ternate contains bioclimatic and sustainable features and can be developed to the new building concept; the basic concept is the combination of spiritual/cultural harmony, human harmony, environmental harmony, and harmony with green technology/innovation for comfort and protection of the disasters by bioclimatic architecture design strategy. This study provides insight and inspiration for sustainability in the future especially in the context of archipelago areas.

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2021

Building accounts have a significant impact on increasing energy consumption, primarily for air c... more Building accounts have a significant impact on increasing energy consumption, primarily for air conditioning and lighting. This study aims to identify the energy consumption effort in office buildings by evaluating the lighting and ventilation systems through literature review, questionnaire, and field observation. The results show that generally, office building uses air conditioning with about 88% during office hours. Lighting is dominant from artificial lighting of around 63 % and only 37% use daylighting. The usage of low energy lamps is very minimal of only 29 %. Therefore, it necessary to reduce energy consumption by maximizing the usage of daylighting and natural ventilation systems; more than 63 % of office buildings can be operated the natural ventilation system.

International Journal of GEOMATE, 2019

This study aims to identify the construction system and strategy of settlement arrangement by lit... more This study aims to identify the construction system and strategy of settlement arrangement by literature review and field observation. The results show that the construction system of Bajo house uses simple construction and local material. Column and beams build from mangrove stems. Wall materials are dominant from the woven bamboo blade with plastering. At first, the roof material was dominant from sago palm leaves and now it is dominant from zinc material. The arrangement strategy of Bajo settlement consists of 3 categories: (1) Economic sustainable: developing of home industries, fish sprouts, coastal ecotourism (2) Sustainable Environmental: sustainable waste management, sustainable fishing system, banning of fish bombs, preservation, and reforestation of mangrove. (3) Social sustainable: improvement of infrastructure, utilization of rainwater and solar energy, preservation of local wisdom.

Masalah sampah kota adalah volume sampah yang melebihi daya tampung pada tempat pembuangan akhir ... more Masalah sampah kota adalah volume sampah yang melebihi daya tampung pada tempat pembuangan akhir dan lahan yang semakin sempit, terbatasnya tempat pembuangan sementara, serta faktor jarak yang mengakibatkan pengangkutan sampah kurang efektif. Pengelolaan sampah yang tidak sustainable menimbulkan dampak negatif pada kesehatan, lingkungan, dan sosial ekonomi sehingga perlu adanya kawasan yang dapat menampung seluruh sampah dengan pengelolaan sistem sustainable. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis starategi dan konsep desain sustainable landfill melalui studi literatur, observasi lapangan, dan desain bangunan. Konsep desain ini diharapkan menjadi acuan dan rekomendasi terhadap perbaikan TPA Takome Kota Ternate menjadi sustainable landfill. Strategi desain yang diterapkan adalah menggabungkan sustainable landfill dengan sarana edukasi dan ruang terbuka hijau yang terdiri dari dua kawasan yaitu area primer (pengolahan sampah) dan area sekunder (penunjang).

This study aims to evaluate the thermal comfort in office building by analyzing temperature, humi... more This study aims to evaluate the thermal comfort in office building by analyzing temperature, humidity, and wind speed conditions in the room. Research method is performed with the measurement of thermal condition using LSI-LASTEM Multi Logger, HOBO data logger, and HOBO data logger with external sensor. At the time of measurement, thermal condition perceived by employees is observed through the questionnaires of Thermal Sensation Vote (TSV) and Thermal Comfort Vote (TCV). The results show that the thermal condition in office building is uncomfortable level. Natural ventilation system is not effective because of orientation and dimension of ventilations are minimal or not suitable standard, therefore the usage of air conditioning is increased

Pelestarian dalam bangunan maupun arsitektur perkotaan merupakan salah satu daya tarik bagi sebua... more Pelestarian dalam bangunan maupun arsitektur perkotaan merupakan salah satu daya tarik bagi sebuah kawasan. Dengan terpeliharanya satu bangunan kuno-bersejarah pada suatu kawasan akan memberikan ikatan kesinambungan yang erat, antara masa kini dan masa lalu. Melihat hal tersebut, maka masa lalu yang diungkapkan dengan keberadaan fisik dari bangunan kuno-bersejarah akan ikut menentukan dan memberikan identitas yang khas bagi suatu kawasan perkotaan di masa mendatang. Pada tulisan ini akan dibatasi pada 5 (lima) benteng dari 7 (tujuh) benteng yang berada di kota Ternate yaitu benteng Tolokko, benteng Oranje, benteng Kalamata, benteng Santo Pedro, dan benteng Kastela. Hal ini dikarenakan kelima benteng tersebut mempunyai fungsi dan sejarah sebagai benteng pertahanan pada penyerangan tentera Sepanyol. Selain itu, keberadaan data yang ada pada kelima benteng tersebut baik secara leteratur maupun informasi dari masyarakat setempat. Hasil pembahasan membahas pada bentuk dasar bangunan bent...

COVID-19 mewabah sejak awal tahun 2020 keseluruh wilayah di dunia dan berdampak besar pada segala... more COVID-19 mewabah sejak awal tahun 2020 keseluruh wilayah di dunia dan berdampak besar pada segala aspek dalam kehidupan manusia dan memberikan pengaruh terhadap lingkungan dan perubahan pola kehidupan masyarakat. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dampak COVID-19 terhadap bangunan dan lingkungan melalui studi literatur; informasi dari tim penanggulangan COVID-19, informasi organisasi pemerintah dan non pemerintah dari situs web resmi. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas dalam bangunan berkaitan erat dengan resiko penyebaran virus sehingga strategi desain yang respon terhadap pandemi sangat dibutuhkan untuk mengurangi resiko infeksi. Lockdown selama pandemi COVID-19 menimbulkan dampak positif terhadap peningkatan kualitas udara, mengurangi kebisingan, serta mengurangi tekanan pada destinasi wisata yang dapat membantu pemulihan sistem ekologi. Namun juga menimbulkan implikasi negatif terhadap peningkatan sampah medis dan rumah tangga, menghambat daur ulang sampah, menghambat p...

Proceeding of the 7th International Seminar on Sustainable Environment & Architecture, 20-21 Nove... more Proceeding of the 7th International Seminar on Sustainable Environment & Architecture, 20-21 November 2006, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.

Permasalahan sampah khususnya di negara-negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia merupakan masalah ya... more Permasalahan sampah khususnya di negara-negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia merupakan masalah yang sangat serius yang belum mampu diatasai dengan baik hingga saat ini. Beberapa negara di Asia dan Eropa telah sukses menangani sampah secara berkelanjutan sehingga dapat menjadi rujukan dalam penerapan sistem berkelanjutan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji strategi penanganan sampah berkelanjutan di negara-negara tersebut melalui studi literatur dan review jurnal. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa sistem pengelolaan sampah berkelanjutan di negara-negara maju melalui beberapa tahapan: (1) mengurangi produksi sampah dari sumbernya, (2) daur ulang dan reuse, (3) mengolah sampah menjadi sumber daya energi (waste to energy) , (4) menghindari pembuangan sampah ke TPA atau seminimal mungkin. Sistem penanganan sampah berkelanjutan harus melibatkan seluruh masyarakat, pemerintah, dan pihak swasta melalui strategi pendidikan sampah sejak dini, membangun budaya sadar sampah, pendidikan sampah di s...

Civil Engineering and Architecture, 2021

Traditional architecture has a variety of original and smart techniques to meet various needs acc... more Traditional architecture has a variety of original and smart techniques to meet various needs according to the cultural context and natural conditions. Moluccas Islands is a natural disaster-prone area that has several unique traditional houses and was formed based on local wisdom, climatic, and topography conditions since the 13th century. This study aims to explore the traditional architecture in North Maluku Island by literature study and field observation to understand the design principles and building construction systems in response to extreme environmental conditions and to find out the sustainable features of traditional architecture in the past. Research focuses on five traditional houses located in different locations and topographical conditions by observing and analyzing site conditions, building orientation, construction techniques, building materials, ornaments, typology, and philosophy buildings. Study results show that sustainable features can be found on traditional houses in North Moluccas Island. Traditional houses of North Maluku were built using limited resources by passive design strategies and response to extreme conditions to achieve occupant comfort with the basic concept of "spiritual-human-nature". The characteristics of buildings differ in each region according to topographic conditions and local wisdom but in the same strategy: "harmony with nature" so that the traditional architecture of North Maluku can provide a comfortable living environment for occupants over the centuries according to the resources available at that time. The success of the traditional architecture of North Maluku in adapting to extreme environmental conditions can inspire sustainable building designs in the future, especially for the archipelago context.

IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2018

This study aims to identify the typology of settlement and analyses spatial pattern, infrastructu... more This study aims to identify the typology of settlement and analyses spatial pattern, infrastructure and settlement conditions by literary review and field observation. The results show that the largest of Bajo Tribe Settlement in north Maluku is located in Kayou District of South Halmahera with the 2609 population in 2016 in Laluin and 1071 in Posi-posi Villages. Typology of settlements is almost similar in both villages; during the period of 1970-1990, the settlements was deployed on shallow and potential coastal area, but in period 1990 until now, several houses is deployed on mainland area due to change of living from a fisherman to civil servant, businessmen, dealer, etc. House condition consists of three categories: traditional or temporary dwelling, semi-permanent, and permanent house. The back and below of house is used for boat mooring and storing equipment because it is easy in maintenance. A house around the main road of settlement is generally developed to permanent house with wall made of brick or zinc made of concrete and roof. However, the pattern of settlements is different; linear in Posi-posi and circular in Laluin village because it is influenced by the condition of the shallow area.

This study was undertaken to analyze solar radiation abundance to ascertain the potential of sola... more This study was undertaken to analyze solar radiation abundance to ascertain the potential of solar energy as an electrical energy resource. Local weather forecasting for predicting solar radiation is performed using a meteorological model MM5. The prediction results are compared with observed results obtained from the Japan Meteorological Agency for verification of the data accuracy. Results show that local weather forecasting has high accuracy. Prediction of solar radiation is similar with observation results. Monthly average values of solar radiation are sufficiently good during March-September. Electrical energy generated by photovoltaic cells is almost proportional to the solar radiation amount. Effects of clouds on solar radiation can be removed by monthly averaging. The balance between supply and demand of electricity can be estimated using a standard curve obtained from the temporal average. When the amount of solar radiation every hour with average of more than 100 km radius area does not yield the standard curve, we can estimate the system of storage and auxiliary power necessary based on the evaluated results of imbalance between supply and demand.

E3S Web of Conferences, 2021

Traditional architecture is an essential part of human civilization. The house concept in Indones... more Traditional architecture is an essential part of human civilization. The house concept in Indonesia is very diverse and has different characteristics according to the culture and environmental conditions of the region. This study aims to evaluate the identity of Gurabunga traditional house in Tidore Island and analyze the positive features that can be developed in sustainable development through literature studies and field observations. The study results show that Gurabunga traditional houses are traditional sacred and magical buildings with a philosophy of the human body anatomy in a standing position; roof (head), walls and rooms (body), foundation (foot). It is very friendly to the environment and sustainability based on local wisdom, with passive design techniques using natural materials from the surrounding environment. These research findings will increase insight into the concept of sustainable building design in the future.