Raveesh Gangwar - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Talks by Raveesh Gangwar
Rice is one of the most important food crops of India in term of area, production and consumer ... more Rice is one of the most important food crops of India in term of area, production and consumer preference. India is the second largest producer and consumer of rice in the world. But production of basmati rice is limited due to losses cause by insect-pests and disease to various times at nursery to harvesting and after harvesting loses continuous in rice by store grain pests. To know loses in basmati rice varieties at different level conduct a survey in basmati rice growing areas in western U.P in khrief 2013 for the observation of insect-pests and diseases which cause significance losses of basmati rice varieties. Major pest problems of rice are yellow stem borer, leaf folder, Bakanae and blast. For their control farmers used application of pesticides (tricyclazole for blast, streptocycline for BLB, buprofezin for BPH) which leaves residual effect on grain surface and its play a role to reject a consignment in export.
Papers by Raveesh Gangwar
Евразийский лингвистический институт в г. Иркутске – филиал ФГБОУ ВПО «МГЛУ», 2012
The experiment was conducted with different Basmati rice varieties at farm of Basmati Export Deve... more The experiment was conducted with different Basmati rice varieties at farm of Basmati Export Development Foundation (BEDF), in kharif 2012 and 2013 to find out the effect of nitrogen levels on yield components of Basmati rice cultivars. Results revealed that during Kharif 2012 and 2013 Nitrogen had significant positive effect and was equally superior in terms of tillers hill-1, tillers hill
Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 2015
The Rice leaf folder, (RLF) Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenee) is widely distributed in rice growi... more The Rice leaf folder, (RLF) Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenee) is widely distributed in rice growing areas in all over the world. The leaf folder has been considered a miner pest of rice growing areas but after the existence, high yielding and Basmati rice varieties increasing the importance of these pests. Feeding rates of the first three larval instars rice leaf folder on rice plants were significantly lower than those of the fourth and fifth instars. The first three instars consumed less than 10% of the larva's total consumption. Feeding also decreased with increasing plant age. To understand about life cycle and management’s tactics is help to reduce the yield losses. In present review articles discusses about life cycle and abundance of rice leaf folder. Key word Cnaphalocrocis medinalis , life cycle, abundance
Journal of Resources Development and Management, 2015
India being agriculturally dominant country and over two-third of its entire working population a... more India being agriculturally dominant country and over two-third of its entire working population are engaged in agriculture activities, in recent past, sectors like services. IT and manufacturing has shown smart progress but at same time progress in agriculture sectors have been sluggish. One can argue that this is more because of unpredictable climate/global warming. As the contribution of agriculture in country’s GDP is dwindling with time, and the latest prediction of the decelerated food production to a very alarming rate, the planners, executers and other agencies have started realizing for a significant change/reform in agriculture sector. There is a need to boots agriculture products with new technologies which can help increasing the production.
Rice (Oryza sativa) s one of the most important food crops of India in term of area, production a... more Rice (Oryza sativa) s one of the most important food crops of India in term of area, production and consumer preference. But production of Basmati rice is limited due to losses cause by disease at various stages from nursery to harvesting. Conducted a survey in Basmati rice growing areas in Western U.P in khrief 2013, observed major diseases which cause significance losses in Basmati. During the survey, Blast and Bakanae diseases were found at significant level. For their control farmers used application of pesticides which leaves residual effect on grain surface and it plays major role to reject a consignment in export.
Indian journal of entomology, 2014
A field trial was conducted to manage shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee of brinj... more A field trial was conducted to manage shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee of brinjal through novel insecticides at Crop Research Centre, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Modipuram, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh. The efficacy of insecticides viz. spinosad 45 SC, novaluron 10 EC, carbosulfan 25 EC, bifenthrin 20 EC, profenofos 50 EC, thiomethoxem, cypermethrin 20 EC, and Bacillus thuringiensis @ 2.5 kg/ha revealed that all these were significantly superior. The most effective was spinosad followed by novaluron. Bacillus thuringiensis was found least effective but it was significantly superior over control. The maximum cost: benefit ratio 1: 8.50 was recorded in novaluron with increase in yield of 47.3 q/ha followed by carbosulfan with 1:7.34 cost benefit ratio.
Annals of Plant Protection Sciences, 2013
An investigation was carried out to study the “Pest succession and management of shoot and fruit ... more An investigation was carried out to study the “Pest succession and management of shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee of brinjal” during kharif, 2011 at Crop Research Centre, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut. The experiment comprised of nine treatments and laid out in randomized block design with three replications. During the crop season, nine insect pest species were found attacking the crop at different growth stages. Among them, brinjal shoot and fruit borer, L. orbonalis Guenee (August end to December end) was recorded as major pest. Leaf hopper, Amrasca biguttula biguttula Ishida (July end to mid December), Cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii G. (August to December end) and white fly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (July end to mid December) were found moderately damaging the crop. The leaf roller, Eublemma olivacae W. (August to mid November), epilachna beetle, Epilachna vigintioctopunctata Fab. (july end to mid December), leaf webber...
European Researcher
Different strains of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were isolated from the diseased samples collected f... more Different strains of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were isolated from the diseased samples collected from different hosts and locations. Among the 14 isolates, 12 isolates colonies covered the entire Petri plates within 96 hours but, two isolates from fababean and yellow mustard showed slow colony growth within 96 hours. All isolates produced sclerotia which were varied in number, but the fenugreek isolate produced maximum (43) number of sclerotia and lambs quarter isolate produced minimum number of sclerotia (12) on PDA medium. To examine inhibitory effect of fungicide on the mycelial growth of the pathogen, 9 fungicides were tested in vitro against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, of those carbendazim, carboxin, topsin-M and carbendazim+ mancozeb (SAAF) were found most effective and inhibited the mycelial growth of pathogen up to 100 per cent at 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.2% concentration. The effect of different bioagents viz., Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride, T. koningii, T. atroviride, T. longibraciatum, Aspergillus niger, Chaetomium globosome and Penicillium notatum in inhibiting the growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was studied through-Dual Culture Technique‖. The data showed that among the eight biocontrol agent six were fond effective. The maximum inhibition was found by T. harzianum causing 70.82% inhibition of mycelial growth of the pathogen S. sclerotiorum.
Handbuch Offenlandmanagement, 2004
Offenlandschaften auf ehemaligen und aktiven Truppenubungsplatzen weisen eine Reihe von bereits i... more Offenlandschaften auf ehemaligen und aktiven Truppenubungsplatzen weisen eine Reihe von bereits im Kap. 1 naher erlauterte Spezifika wie Grosflachigkeit und Storungsarmut, geringe Nutzungsintensitat, anhaltende Dynamik und breites Lebensraumspektrum auf, die bei der Auswahl der Methoden zur okologischen Datenerfassung berucksichtigt werden mussen:
European Journal of Molecular Biotechnology, 2014
European Researcher
Allium humile is a medicinal plant found at the Alpine Himalayas of Uttarakhand at altitute of 25... more Allium humile is a medicinal plant found at the Alpine Himalayas of Uttarakhand at altitute of 2500-3000 meters height of sea level. In India, Allium humile, is used by local people as a spice and in ethano-medicine. In the present study, Allium humile leaves were explored for their analgesic potential on experimental model and compared to standard drugs. Allium humile at the doses of 100 mg/kg and aspirin 25 mg/kg exhibited significant (p>0.05) inhibition of the control writhes at the rate of 64.25%, 44.54%, 44.54% and 59.89% respectively when compared to that of control. Thus, methanolic extract of the plant can be fully explored for its analgesic potential which has not been reported so far. The plant extract showed a relative low toxicity hence justifies the folkloric use of plant by the local people in Western Himalayan region for curing inflammation and painful conditions.
The present investigation was carried out during Kharif, 2011 at Crop Research Centre (CRC) of Sa... more The present investigation was carried out during Kharif, 2011 at Crop Research Centre (CRC) of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut (U.P.). During the studies on the insect-pests succession revealed that a total of eight insect species were found associated with brinjal crop at different crop growth stages. The first attack on the crop appeared in the one week after transplantation and continued up to till crop harvested. pests were found attacking on the crop were jassids (Amrasca biguttula biguttula), aphids (Aphis gossypii), white fly (Bemisia tabaci), leaf roller (Eublemma olivacae), shoot and fruit borer (Leucinodes orbonalis), epilachna beetle (Epilachna vigintioctopunctata), leaf webber (Psara bipunctalis) and grass hopper (Chrotogonus spp.). Among them, brinjal shoot and fruit borer (L. orbonalis) was recorded as major pest. Jassids (A. biguttula biguttula Ishida), aphid (A. gossypii Glov.) and epilachna beetle (E. viginitioctopunctata F....
Food Science and Quality Management, 2014
The prevention of food wasted is enough o resolves hunger crises hunger crises. Food is the prima... more The prevention of food wasted is enough o resolves hunger crises hunger crises. Food is the primary need to sustains the of human being life. Although, many techniques are engages to increase to food production and prevents of hunger and malnutrition of population. Presently, we produce sufficient agriculture food production, by using irrigation, pesticides, chemical fertilizer and high yielding variety. But these, are not seem to meet the enough food demands of present and future population. To encounter the hunger and secure food and nutritional security to need increasing the production and productivity, by using limited resources in sustainable manner and ensure the security of natural resources. The increasing productivity is the obvious choice to supply of food to increasing population. The other alternate way to provided food of available and increased population, the maximum efficiency use of every unit of resources including preventing pre and post harvest losses from insectpests and diseases, proper and scientific storage of agriculture produces. Because post harvest losses about 30 % of the crops due to this reason. One third of total foods production annual wasted due to lack of proper infrastructure unscientific handling. The total food lost, wasted in each year in the more than which would be solving the four times hunger crises of population. In the present review article focused on production and losses of agricultural produces. INTRODUCTION: "If there is anything we are serious about, it is neither religion nor earning but food" Food security is defined as economic access to food along with food production and food availability. With 1,270,272,105 (1.27 billion) people that is Current Population of India, is the second most populous country in the world, (According to the final census released former Home Minister Sushil kumar Shinde). The population of India on 1 March 2011 was 1,210,193,422. India added 181.5 million to its population since 2001, slightly lower than the population of Brazil. India with 2.4% of the world's surface area accounts for 17.5% of its population. The figures shows that India represents almost 17.31% of the world's population, which means one out of six people on this planet, live in India. With the population growth rate at 1.58%, India is predicted to have more than 1.53 billion people by the end of 2030. According to Alexandratos and Bruinsma (2012), food supplies would need to increase by 60% (estimated at 2005 food production levels) in order to meet the food demand in 2050. The scientist and planner are focused only increased food production, not on protection of post harvest food losses. Increasing productivity of agricultural products is critical for ensuring food security, but this may not be sufficient for providing food for increasing population. To sustainably achieve the goals of food security, food availability needs to be also increased through reductions in the post-harvest process at farm, retail and consumer levels. Present data shown that the past three decades, significant focus and resources have been allocated to increase food production. For example, 95% of the research investments during the past 30 years were reported to have focused on increasing productivity and only 5% directed towards reducing losses (Kader 2005; Kader and Roller 2004; WFLO 2010). The importance of human resources as the engines powering national development and gave high priority to improvement of the health and nutritional status of the population. Article 47 of the Constitution of India states that, "the State shall regard raising the level of nutrition and standard of living of its people and improvement in public health among its primary duties" (Planning Commission of India). In 1950s India the Food Science and Quality Management
Different strains of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were isolated from the diseased samples collected f... more Different strains of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were isolated from the diseased samples collected from different hosts and locations. Among the 14 isolates, 12 isolates colonies covered the entire Petri plates within 96 hours but, two isolates from fababean and yellow mustard showed slow colony growth within 96 hours. All isolates produced sclerotia which were varied in number, but the fenugreek isolate produced maximum (43) number of sclerotia and lambs quarter isolate produced minimum number of sclerotia (12) on PDA medium. To examine inhibitory effect of fungicide on the mycelial growth of the pathogen, 9 fungicides were tested in vitro against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, of those carbendazim, carboxin, topsin-M and carbendazim+ mancozeb (SAAF) were found most effective and inhibited the mycelial growth of pathogen up to 100 per cent at 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.2% concentration. The effect of different bioagents viz., Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride, T. koningii, T. atroviride, T. longibraciatum, Aspergillus niger, Chaetomium globosome and Penicillium notatum in inhibiting the growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was studied through-Dual Culture Technique‖. The data showed that among the eight biocontrol agent six were fond effective. The maximum inhibition was found by T. harzianum causing 70.82% inhibition of mycelial growth of the pathogen S. sclerotiorum.
Journal of Biology Agriculture and Healthcare, 2014
The present investigation was carried out during Kharif, 2011 at Crop Research Centre (CRC) of Sa... more The present investigation was carried out during Kharif, 2011 at Crop Research Centre (CRC) of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut (U.P.). During the studies on the insectpests succession revealed that a total of eight insect species were found associated with brinjal crop at different crop growth stages. The first attack on the crop appeared in the one week after transplantation and continued up to till crop harvested. pests were found attacking on the crop were jassids (Amrasca biguttula biguttula), aphids (Aphis gossypii), white fly (Bemisia tabaci), leaf roller (Eublemma olivacae), shoot and fruit borer (Leucinodes orbonalis), epilachna beetle (Epilachna vigintioctopunctata), leaf webber (Psara bipunctalis) and grass hopper (Chrotogonus spp.). Among them, brinjal shoot and fruit borer (L. orbonalis) was recorded as major pest. Jassids (A. biguttula biguttula Ishida), aphid (A. gossypii Glov.) and epilachna beetle (E. viginitioctopunctata F.) were found to damage the crop moderately. Other insects pests recorded on the crop were of less importance and extent of damage caused by them was found without much economic loss.
Rice is one of the most important food crops of India in term of area, production and consumer ... more Rice is one of the most important food crops of India in term of area, production and consumer preference. India is the second largest producer and consumer of rice in the world. But production of basmati rice is limited due to losses cause by insect-pests and disease to various times at nursery to harvesting and after harvesting loses continuous in rice by store grain pests. To know loses in basmati rice varieties at different level conduct a survey in basmati rice growing areas in western U.P in khrief 2013 for the observation of insect-pests and diseases which cause significance losses of basmati rice varieties. Major pest problems of rice are yellow stem borer, leaf folder, Bakanae and blast. For their control farmers used application of pesticides (tricyclazole for blast, streptocycline for BLB, buprofezin for BPH) which leaves residual effect on grain surface and its play a role to reject a consignment in export.
Евразийский лингвистический институт в г. Иркутске – филиал ФГБОУ ВПО «МГЛУ», 2012
The experiment was conducted with different Basmati rice varieties at farm of Basmati Export Deve... more The experiment was conducted with different Basmati rice varieties at farm of Basmati Export Development Foundation (BEDF), in kharif 2012 and 2013 to find out the effect of nitrogen levels on yield components of Basmati rice cultivars. Results revealed that during Kharif 2012 and 2013 Nitrogen had significant positive effect and was equally superior in terms of tillers hill-1, tillers hill
Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 2015
The Rice leaf folder, (RLF) Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenee) is widely distributed in rice growi... more The Rice leaf folder, (RLF) Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenee) is widely distributed in rice growing areas in all over the world. The leaf folder has been considered a miner pest of rice growing areas but after the existence, high yielding and Basmati rice varieties increasing the importance of these pests. Feeding rates of the first three larval instars rice leaf folder on rice plants were significantly lower than those of the fourth and fifth instars. The first three instars consumed less than 10% of the larva's total consumption. Feeding also decreased with increasing plant age. To understand about life cycle and management’s tactics is help to reduce the yield losses. In present review articles discusses about life cycle and abundance of rice leaf folder. Key word Cnaphalocrocis medinalis , life cycle, abundance
Journal of Resources Development and Management, 2015
India being agriculturally dominant country and over two-third of its entire working population a... more India being agriculturally dominant country and over two-third of its entire working population are engaged in agriculture activities, in recent past, sectors like services. IT and manufacturing has shown smart progress but at same time progress in agriculture sectors have been sluggish. One can argue that this is more because of unpredictable climate/global warming. As the contribution of agriculture in country’s GDP is dwindling with time, and the latest prediction of the decelerated food production to a very alarming rate, the planners, executers and other agencies have started realizing for a significant change/reform in agriculture sector. There is a need to boots agriculture products with new technologies which can help increasing the production.
Rice (Oryza sativa) s one of the most important food crops of India in term of area, production a... more Rice (Oryza sativa) s one of the most important food crops of India in term of area, production and consumer preference. But production of Basmati rice is limited due to losses cause by disease at various stages from nursery to harvesting. Conducted a survey in Basmati rice growing areas in Western U.P in khrief 2013, observed major diseases which cause significance losses in Basmati. During the survey, Blast and Bakanae diseases were found at significant level. For their control farmers used application of pesticides which leaves residual effect on grain surface and it plays major role to reject a consignment in export.
Indian journal of entomology, 2014
A field trial was conducted to manage shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee of brinj... more A field trial was conducted to manage shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee of brinjal through novel insecticides at Crop Research Centre, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Modipuram, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh. The efficacy of insecticides viz. spinosad 45 SC, novaluron 10 EC, carbosulfan 25 EC, bifenthrin 20 EC, profenofos 50 EC, thiomethoxem, cypermethrin 20 EC, and Bacillus thuringiensis @ 2.5 kg/ha revealed that all these were significantly superior. The most effective was spinosad followed by novaluron. Bacillus thuringiensis was found least effective but it was significantly superior over control. The maximum cost: benefit ratio 1: 8.50 was recorded in novaluron with increase in yield of 47.3 q/ha followed by carbosulfan with 1:7.34 cost benefit ratio.
Annals of Plant Protection Sciences, 2013
An investigation was carried out to study the “Pest succession and management of shoot and fruit ... more An investigation was carried out to study the “Pest succession and management of shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee of brinjal” during kharif, 2011 at Crop Research Centre, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut. The experiment comprised of nine treatments and laid out in randomized block design with three replications. During the crop season, nine insect pest species were found attacking the crop at different growth stages. Among them, brinjal shoot and fruit borer, L. orbonalis Guenee (August end to December end) was recorded as major pest. Leaf hopper, Amrasca biguttula biguttula Ishida (July end to mid December), Cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii G. (August to December end) and white fly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (July end to mid December) were found moderately damaging the crop. The leaf roller, Eublemma olivacae W. (August to mid November), epilachna beetle, Epilachna vigintioctopunctata Fab. (july end to mid December), leaf webber...
European Researcher
Different strains of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were isolated from the diseased samples collected f... more Different strains of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were isolated from the diseased samples collected from different hosts and locations. Among the 14 isolates, 12 isolates colonies covered the entire Petri plates within 96 hours but, two isolates from fababean and yellow mustard showed slow colony growth within 96 hours. All isolates produced sclerotia which were varied in number, but the fenugreek isolate produced maximum (43) number of sclerotia and lambs quarter isolate produced minimum number of sclerotia (12) on PDA medium. To examine inhibitory effect of fungicide on the mycelial growth of the pathogen, 9 fungicides were tested in vitro against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, of those carbendazim, carboxin, topsin-M and carbendazim+ mancozeb (SAAF) were found most effective and inhibited the mycelial growth of pathogen up to 100 per cent at 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.2% concentration. The effect of different bioagents viz., Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride, T. koningii, T. atroviride, T. longibraciatum, Aspergillus niger, Chaetomium globosome and Penicillium notatum in inhibiting the growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was studied through-Dual Culture Technique‖. The data showed that among the eight biocontrol agent six were fond effective. The maximum inhibition was found by T. harzianum causing 70.82% inhibition of mycelial growth of the pathogen S. sclerotiorum.
Handbuch Offenlandmanagement, 2004
Offenlandschaften auf ehemaligen und aktiven Truppenubungsplatzen weisen eine Reihe von bereits i... more Offenlandschaften auf ehemaligen und aktiven Truppenubungsplatzen weisen eine Reihe von bereits im Kap. 1 naher erlauterte Spezifika wie Grosflachigkeit und Storungsarmut, geringe Nutzungsintensitat, anhaltende Dynamik und breites Lebensraumspektrum auf, die bei der Auswahl der Methoden zur okologischen Datenerfassung berucksichtigt werden mussen:
European Journal of Molecular Biotechnology, 2014
European Researcher
Allium humile is a medicinal plant found at the Alpine Himalayas of Uttarakhand at altitute of 25... more Allium humile is a medicinal plant found at the Alpine Himalayas of Uttarakhand at altitute of 2500-3000 meters height of sea level. In India, Allium humile, is used by local people as a spice and in ethano-medicine. In the present study, Allium humile leaves were explored for their analgesic potential on experimental model and compared to standard drugs. Allium humile at the doses of 100 mg/kg and aspirin 25 mg/kg exhibited significant (p>0.05) inhibition of the control writhes at the rate of 64.25%, 44.54%, 44.54% and 59.89% respectively when compared to that of control. Thus, methanolic extract of the plant can be fully explored for its analgesic potential which has not been reported so far. The plant extract showed a relative low toxicity hence justifies the folkloric use of plant by the local people in Western Himalayan region for curing inflammation and painful conditions.
The present investigation was carried out during Kharif, 2011 at Crop Research Centre (CRC) of Sa... more The present investigation was carried out during Kharif, 2011 at Crop Research Centre (CRC) of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut (U.P.). During the studies on the insect-pests succession revealed that a total of eight insect species were found associated with brinjal crop at different crop growth stages. The first attack on the crop appeared in the one week after transplantation and continued up to till crop harvested. pests were found attacking on the crop were jassids (Amrasca biguttula biguttula), aphids (Aphis gossypii), white fly (Bemisia tabaci), leaf roller (Eublemma olivacae), shoot and fruit borer (Leucinodes orbonalis), epilachna beetle (Epilachna vigintioctopunctata), leaf webber (Psara bipunctalis) and grass hopper (Chrotogonus spp.). Among them, brinjal shoot and fruit borer (L. orbonalis) was recorded as major pest. Jassids (A. biguttula biguttula Ishida), aphid (A. gossypii Glov.) and epilachna beetle (E. viginitioctopunctata F....
Food Science and Quality Management, 2014
The prevention of food wasted is enough o resolves hunger crises hunger crises. Food is the prima... more The prevention of food wasted is enough o resolves hunger crises hunger crises. Food is the primary need to sustains the of human being life. Although, many techniques are engages to increase to food production and prevents of hunger and malnutrition of population. Presently, we produce sufficient agriculture food production, by using irrigation, pesticides, chemical fertilizer and high yielding variety. But these, are not seem to meet the enough food demands of present and future population. To encounter the hunger and secure food and nutritional security to need increasing the production and productivity, by using limited resources in sustainable manner and ensure the security of natural resources. The increasing productivity is the obvious choice to supply of food to increasing population. The other alternate way to provided food of available and increased population, the maximum efficiency use of every unit of resources including preventing pre and post harvest losses from insectpests and diseases, proper and scientific storage of agriculture produces. Because post harvest losses about 30 % of the crops due to this reason. One third of total foods production annual wasted due to lack of proper infrastructure unscientific handling. The total food lost, wasted in each year in the more than which would be solving the four times hunger crises of population. In the present review article focused on production and losses of agricultural produces. INTRODUCTION: "If there is anything we are serious about, it is neither religion nor earning but food" Food security is defined as economic access to food along with food production and food availability. With 1,270,272,105 (1.27 billion) people that is Current Population of India, is the second most populous country in the world, (According to the final census released former Home Minister Sushil kumar Shinde). The population of India on 1 March 2011 was 1,210,193,422. India added 181.5 million to its population since 2001, slightly lower than the population of Brazil. India with 2.4% of the world's surface area accounts for 17.5% of its population. The figures shows that India represents almost 17.31% of the world's population, which means one out of six people on this planet, live in India. With the population growth rate at 1.58%, India is predicted to have more than 1.53 billion people by the end of 2030. According to Alexandratos and Bruinsma (2012), food supplies would need to increase by 60% (estimated at 2005 food production levels) in order to meet the food demand in 2050. The scientist and planner are focused only increased food production, not on protection of post harvest food losses. Increasing productivity of agricultural products is critical for ensuring food security, but this may not be sufficient for providing food for increasing population. To sustainably achieve the goals of food security, food availability needs to be also increased through reductions in the post-harvest process at farm, retail and consumer levels. Present data shown that the past three decades, significant focus and resources have been allocated to increase food production. For example, 95% of the research investments during the past 30 years were reported to have focused on increasing productivity and only 5% directed towards reducing losses (Kader 2005; Kader and Roller 2004; WFLO 2010). The importance of human resources as the engines powering national development and gave high priority to improvement of the health and nutritional status of the population. Article 47 of the Constitution of India states that, "the State shall regard raising the level of nutrition and standard of living of its people and improvement in public health among its primary duties" (Planning Commission of India). In 1950s India the Food Science and Quality Management
Different strains of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were isolated from the diseased samples collected f... more Different strains of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were isolated from the diseased samples collected from different hosts and locations. Among the 14 isolates, 12 isolates colonies covered the entire Petri plates within 96 hours but, two isolates from fababean and yellow mustard showed slow colony growth within 96 hours. All isolates produced sclerotia which were varied in number, but the fenugreek isolate produced maximum (43) number of sclerotia and lambs quarter isolate produced minimum number of sclerotia (12) on PDA medium. To examine inhibitory effect of fungicide on the mycelial growth of the pathogen, 9 fungicides were tested in vitro against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, of those carbendazim, carboxin, topsin-M and carbendazim+ mancozeb (SAAF) were found most effective and inhibited the mycelial growth of pathogen up to 100 per cent at 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.2% concentration. The effect of different bioagents viz., Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride, T. koningii, T. atroviride, T. longibraciatum, Aspergillus niger, Chaetomium globosome and Penicillium notatum in inhibiting the growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was studied through-Dual Culture Technique‖. The data showed that among the eight biocontrol agent six were fond effective. The maximum inhibition was found by T. harzianum causing 70.82% inhibition of mycelial growth of the pathogen S. sclerotiorum.
Journal of Biology Agriculture and Healthcare, 2014
The present investigation was carried out during Kharif, 2011 at Crop Research Centre (CRC) of Sa... more The present investigation was carried out during Kharif, 2011 at Crop Research Centre (CRC) of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut (U.P.). During the studies on the insectpests succession revealed that a total of eight insect species were found associated with brinjal crop at different crop growth stages. The first attack on the crop appeared in the one week after transplantation and continued up to till crop harvested. pests were found attacking on the crop were jassids (Amrasca biguttula biguttula), aphids (Aphis gossypii), white fly (Bemisia tabaci), leaf roller (Eublemma olivacae), shoot and fruit borer (Leucinodes orbonalis), epilachna beetle (Epilachna vigintioctopunctata), leaf webber (Psara bipunctalis) and grass hopper (Chrotogonus spp.). Among them, brinjal shoot and fruit borer (L. orbonalis) was recorded as major pest. Jassids (A. biguttula biguttula Ishida), aphid (A. gossypii Glov.) and epilachna beetle (E. viginitioctopunctata F.) were found to damage the crop moderately. Other insects pests recorded on the crop were of less importance and extent of damage caused by them was found without much economic loss.