Sanjit sarkar - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Sanjit sarkar
PLOS Global Public Health
A healthy and diversified diet is essential for preventing several non-communicable diseases (NCD... more A healthy and diversified diet is essential for preventing several non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Given the increasing evidence of diet-related health burdens and the rising prevalence of NCDs among Indian adults, the present study aims to explore dietary diversity patterns among adult men in India and their association with non-communicable diseases (NCDs). For this purpose, the study used the fourth round of the National Family and Health Survey (NFHS-4) to analyze adult male samples (n = 1,12,122). Dietary Diversity Scores (DDS) were computed by the weighted sum of the number of different food groups consumed by an individual. The prevalence of diabetes, heart disease, and cancer among adult men is considered a non-communicable disease. Bivariate and logistic regression was carried out to examine the association between DDS and NCDs by estimating chi-squared tests (χ2-test), odds ratio (OR), and 95% confidence interval (CI). The prevalence of diabetes, heart disease, and cance...
PLOS global public health, Apr 26, 2023
A healthy and diversified diet is essential for preventing several non-communicable diseases (NCD... more A healthy and diversified diet is essential for preventing several non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Given the increasing evidence of diet-related health burdens and the rising prevalence of NCDs among Indian adults, the present study aims to explore dietary diversity patterns among adult men in India and their association with non-communicable diseases (NCDs). For this purpose, the study used the fourth round of the National Family and Health Survey (NFHS-4) to analyze adult male samples (n = 1,12,122). Dietary Diversity Scores (DDS) were computed by the weighted sum of the number of different food groups consumed by an individual. The prevalence of diabetes, heart disease, and cancer among adult men is considered a non-communicable disease. Bivariate and logistic regression was carried out to examine the association between DDS and NCDs by estimating chi-squared tests (χ 2-test), odds ratio (OR), and 95% confidence interval (CI). The prevalence of diabetes, heart disease, and cancer among adult men in India is 2.1 percent, 1.2 percent, and 0.3 percent, respectively. Results show a positive association between dietary diversity score and the prevalence of the non-communicable disease. High-level dietary diversity scores increase to two times the likelihood of diabetes (OR 2.15 with p<0.05) among adult men than to better-off counterparts while controlling all the covariates. However, a moderate dietary diversity score significantly decreases the likelihood of heart disease (OR 0.88 with p<0.10) and Cancer (OR 0.71 with p<0.05) for adult men compared to a lower score of dietary diversity. In addition, age, marital status, drinking and smoking habits, occupation, and wealth index are also significantly associated with the odds of non-communicable diseases among adult men.
Adolescent childbearing has emerged as an issue of increasing concern throughout the developing a... more Adolescent childbearing has emerged as an issue of increasing concern throughout the developing and developed countries once with the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) held at Cairo in 1994. The concern derives primarily from the desire to improve the social status of adolescent girls and safeguard the health of young mothers and their children [1], [2]. “Adolescence” has been defined in several of ways in many studies depending on the subject matter of research. It has been defined as “the state or process of growing up”, “the period of life from puberty to maturity” and “the period of transition from childhood to adulthood” [3], [4]. However, the operational definition varies mainly because of the variations in defining the age range for adolescents. United Nations have taken the age range of 13 – 19 years to understand the reproductive behaviour of adolescents [5]. The World Health Organization (WHO) defined ‘adolescence’ as the transition from childho...
Asian Journal of Research in Social Sciences and Humanities, 2012
Reducing infant mortality is a global effort (MDG Goal-4). Madhya Pradesh is one of the high vigi... more Reducing infant mortality is a global effort (MDG Goal-4). Madhya Pradesh is one of the high vigilant states of infant mortality in India. This state has reduced MR from 111 to 72 per1000 live births in 17 years during the time period of 1990 to 2007 (SRS), which accounts only 35 percent of reduction. Nowadays districts performance in reducing the infant mortality becomes a prime concern as districts presentation in a whole gives the state's picture. There is a need to identify the spatial pattern of infant mortality for the resource allocation and policy purpose. So district level estimation of Infant Mortality is important. This paper aims to understand the trends, level and Spatial Pattern of Infant Mortality in Madhya Pradesh. Data sources which are used for this study taken from Sample Registration System, DLHS-3 and other publications. This paper has made an attempt to estimate the district level IMR using Mean Children Ever Born and Mean Children Surviving data form DLHS-...
The present study aimed to examine the determinants of dietary diversity in the rural provinces o... more The present study aimed to examine the determinants of dietary diversity in the rural provinces of West Bengal, India. This study used a cross-sectional data that covered a sample of 485 households collected from rural Bankura District in West Bengal. Dietary Diversity Score (DSS) was calculated to capture the diversity in diet and households are categorised into ‘low dietary diversity’; ‘medium dietary diversity’ and ‘high dietary diversity groups’. Bivariate and multivariate analysis were applied. The study showed that 40 percent of the households reported a medium level dietary diversity, 39 percent reported low level of dietary diversity and only 21 percent households reported high level of dietary diversity. Result from ordinal logistic regression model showed that chances of having high level of dietary diversity versus combined middle and low level of dietary diversity is lower for female headed houses (OR:0.508; CL,0.228-1.134) compared to male headed houses. Odds of having ...
Background: Infertility is an emergent issue in India. Until recently, very few studies have unde... more Background: Infertility is an emergent issue in India. Until recently, very few studies have understood the patterns and consequences of infertility in India. Family planning programs in India also viewed exclusively the patterns and determinants of overfertility rather than infertility. Furthermore, there is the lack of information about treatment seeking behavior of infertile couples. Therefore, this paper aimed to examine the extent of infertility and treatment seeking behavior among infertile women in India. An attempt was also made to evaluate the effects of socio-demographic factors on treatment seeking behavior. Methods: The study used the data from the District Level Household and Facility Survey carried out in India during 2007-08. Several statistical techniques such as chi-square test, proportional hazard model and binary logistic regression model were used for the analysis. Results: Approximately, 8% of currently married women suffered from infertility in India and most o...
Social Science Spectrum, 2017
This study aims to understand the depth of household food insecurity and elucidates the coping me... more This study aims to understand the depth of household food insecurity and elucidates the coping mechanisms opted by households. A cross sectional study was conducted among 485 households in rural setting of West Bengal. Findings revealed that only 20 per cent households were food secure, whereas 44 per cent categorised as ‘food insecure’, 30 per cent were ‘food insecure with hunger (moderately)’ and six per cent households identified as ‘food insecure with hunger (severe). Multivariate binary logistic regression model showed that education of head of the household, caste, source of income, MPCE status and availability of livestock were significantly associated with the household food security. The most common coping strategies opted by households were to consume less preferred and less expensive food (98%), followed by borrowed food from relatives (73%). Similarly, common livelihood coping mechanisms were use of past saving cash (95%) and reduction of spending on other expense (94%)....
Journal of Reproduction & Infertility, 2016
Background: Infertility is an emergent issue in India. Until recently, very few studies have unde... more Background: Infertility is an emergent issue in India. Until recently, very few studies have understood the patterns and consequences of infertility in India. Family planning programs in India also viewed exclusively the patterns and determinants of overfertility rather than infertility. Furthermore, there is the lack of information about treatment seeking behavior of infertile couples. Therefore, this paper aimed to examine the extent of infertility and treatment seeking behavior among infertile women in India. An attempt was also made to evaluate the effects of socio-demographic factors on treatment seeking behavior. Methods: The study used the data from the District Level Household and Facility Survey carried out in India during 2007–08. Several statistical techniques such as chi-square test, proportional hazard model and binary logistic regression model were used for the analysis. Results: Approximately, 8% of currently married women suffered from infertility in India and most o...
Constitutionally, children up to age 14 years in India have fundamental right to free and compuls... more Constitutionally, children up to age 14 years in India have fundamental right to free and compulsory education, but many children remain far from school, either they are never enrolled or enrolled but drop out. Despite of several efforts like ‘Survya Shikshya Avijan’ ‘Midday meal scheme’ etc., enrollment rate has increased and dropout rate has decreased over the time but nowadays performance of children in school become important researchable issues. Child's performance in school not only depends on the school quality or teacher's quality but also on the family environment where the child grew. This study is an attempt to observe the role of family environmental factors on children's educational status. Analyzing secondary dataset National Family Health Survey-3, the study shows that ever enrollment status is affected significantly by all components of family environment-living situation, parental survival status, educational environment and economic environment, whereas...
Contraception is considered as the direct method to regulate fertility. Hence, promoting contrace... more Contraception is considered as the direct method to regulate fertility. Hence, promoting contraception uses is government effort for most of the high fertility countries. India is the first nation of the world to formulate the National Family Welfare Programme in 1952 with the objective of reducing the birth rate for population stabilization. The programme has experienced a significant growth in terms of financial support, service delivery, and range of contraceptive methods offered, science from its inception. National Population Policy in India (2002) also emphasised on unmet need of contraception. It affirms the government’s commitment to the provision of quality services, information and counselling, and expanding contraceptive method choices in order to enable people to make voluntary and informed choices (Santhya 2003). Uses of contraception have been increased significantly in India due to government effort and program interventions. It has increased from 13 percent in 1970 t...
International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care
Purpose The spread of COVID-19 from Wuhan to the global countries has a direct association with h... more Purpose The spread of COVID-19 from Wuhan to the global countries has a direct association with human mobility. Perhaps, human mobility increases the hazards of COVID-19 due to its communicable characteristic of human-to-human transmission. Thus, the volume of migrants and migration may have a significant role in the outbreaks of COVID-19 in any country. Given that India homes more than 45 crores of migrants, the present study aims to examine the linkages between migration flows and COVID-19. Design/methodology/approach The present study has used secondary sources such as data sharing portals, census, news and media reports and Web sources. The updated COVID-19 data was retrieved from the www.covid19india.org, whereas migration rates were analysed from the D-series of census 2011. Findings Nearly 23% of total inter-state migration occurred for the livelihood only. The numbers of cases have raised much earlier and faster in migrant's destination states than in migrant's origi...
Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health
GeoJournal
Using a cross-sectional survey, the study aims to understand scarcity of nutrition consumption am... more Using a cross-sectional survey, the study aims to understand scarcity of nutrition consumption among rural households in West Bengal. Most of the research related to nutrition and health measured under-nutrition at household using anthropometric outcomes of household members, hence, ignored nutrients based deprivations. This study has taken an advantage to analyses household’s nutrition deprivation by comparing between nutrients requirement and consumption, calculated using RDA norms as given by Indian Council of Medical Research and nutrients coefficients of Indian foods as given by National Institute of Nutrition, respectively. In addition to estimating of calorie, protein and fat deprivation, the study examines multiple nutrients deprivations in the households. Bi-variate analysis was carried out to examine socio-economic variations of nutritional deprivation whereas multi-variates regression analysis, such as binary logistic model and multinomial regression model, were used to determine significant risk factors of nutritional deficiency as well as multi-nutrients deficiency in the households. The findings reveal that more than half (55%) of households were deficient in multiple nutrients. Furthermore, multi-variate analyses show that size of households, working as agricultural labor and living in an extent family were positively associated with the nutrition deficiency. On other hand, household’s income, education of head of the households were negatively associated nutritional deficiency at households.
Using a cross-sectional survey, the study aims to understand scarcity of nutrition consumption am... more Using a cross-sectional survey, the study aims to understand scarcity of nutrition consumption among rural households in West Bengal. Most of the research related to nutrition and health measured under-nutrition at household using anthropometric outcomes of household members, hence, ignored nutrients based deprivations. This study has taken an advantage to analyses household’s nutrition deprivation by comparing between nutrients requirement and consumption, calculated using RDA norms as given by Indian Council of Medical Research and nutrients coefficients of Indian foods as given by National Institute of Nutrition, respectively. In addition to estimating of calorie, protein and fat deprivation, the study examines multiple nutrients deprivations in the households. Bi-variate analysis was carried out to examine socio-economic variations of nutritional deprivation whereas multi-variates regression analysis, such as binary logistic model and multinomial regression model, were used to determine significant risk factors of nutritional deficiency as well as multi-nutrients deficiency in the households. The findings reveal that more than half (55%) of households were deficient in multiple nutrients. Furthermore, multi-variate analyses show that size of households, working as agricultural labor and living in an extent family were positively associated with the nutrition deficiency. On other hand, household’s income, education of head of the households were negatively associated nutritional deficiency at households.
International Journal of Population Studies
Using a cross-sectional study of 485 sample households in 2013, the present paper examines the pr... more Using a cross-sectional study of 485 sample households in 2013, the present paper examines the prevalence and risk factors of child malnutrition among children under the age of five in West Bengal, India. As a part of this investigation, children’s underweight status, wasting, and stunting were examined in order to determine child nutritional status using the WHO growth standard. We performed bivariate analyses in order to elucidate differentials in nutritional indices and fitted multinomial logistic regression models to examine the net effect of different socio-economic factors on the likelihood of child malnutri-tion. Analysis results revealed stunting (51%) as the most common form of malnutrition among children aged under five, followed by underweight status (41%), and wasting (22%).Gender discrimination among children increases with age, whereby girls are more deprived (as measured by nutritional indic-es) compared to boys later in childhood relative to younger ages. Results fro...
Journal of reproduction & infertility
Infertility is an emergent issue in India. Until recently, very few studies have understood the p... more Infertility is an emergent issue in India. Until recently, very few studies have understood the patterns and consequences of infertility in India. Family planning programs in India also viewed exclusively the patterns and determinants of overfertility rather than infertility. Furthermore, there is the lack of information about treatment seeking behavior of infertile couples. Therefore, this paper aimed to examine the extent of infertility and treatment seeking behavior among infertile women in India. An attempt was also made to evaluate the effects of socio-demographic factors on treatment seeking behavior. The study used the data from the District Level Household and Facility Survey carried out in India during 2007-08. Several statistical techniques such as chi-square test, proportional hazard model and binary logistic regression model were used for the analysis. Approximately, 8% of currently married women suffered from infertility in India and most of them were secondary infertil...
Agricultural Resource Use and Management, 2014
'population momentum'. Population dynamic simply means the short-terms and long-terms changes in ... more 'population momentum'. Population dynamic simply means the short-terms and long-terms changes in the size and age structure of the population. It deals with the way population is affected by birth and death rates and by immigration and emigration. The linkage between population dynamic, food production and nutrition security is complex to generalize [4, 5]. There is no steady relationship between population growth Centre for Research on Settlements and Urbanism Journal of Settlements and Spatial Planning J o u r n a l h o m e p a g e: http://jssp.reviste.ubbcluj.ro This paper examines the dynamics in population growth and sustainability of food grain production in West Bengal. Linkage between population growth and food production is an issue of debate since late eighteen century when Malthus predicted that population growth will outstrip the food supply. Though fertility level in West Bengal reached to bellow replacement (TFR is <2.1) but population will increase till next few decades due to the mechanism of population momentum. Average annual growth rate has declined over the last two decades but absolute growth in the population increases the demand for food. There has been remarkable increase in the food grain production in West Bengal after 1980s but till the current level of food production is not sufficient enough to meet the domestic food requirement, though this gap decreased over the time. Besides, slow growth in the agricultural in the last few years is another concern of sustainable food production. Population growth in the West Bengal has significant association with food grain production and agriculture. Cultivable land and net sown area has reduced significantly due to the rapid growth of population. Cropping intensity increased drastically because of the reduction of net sown area and increase in population. Hence, it is very essential to increase the current level of food production more than proportional of population growth to ensure the food security in the near future in West Bengal.
Journal of Young Medical Researchers, 2014
Background: The extent of gender-based violence (GBV) varies across the countries but their negat... more Background: The extent of gender-based violence (GBV) varies across the countries but their negative impact on individual, especially on women is universal and it has direct link with the reproductive and sexual health (RSH) of women. Hence this study depicts an association between gender-based violence and adverse reproductive outcomes of the women in West Bengal. Methods: Third round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) conducted during 2005-2007 was utilized. NFHS is a cross-sectional study and open for public use. Only recently married women aged 15- 49 years in West Bengal have been analyzed (N=4973).Bivariates andmultivariate analysis have been conducted in this study. Result: Almost 31%recently married women in West Bengal experienced physical violence whereas 11% and 21% women experienced emotional and sexual violence respectively. Majority of the women (25.5%) agreed that wife beating by their husband is justifiable if she neglects children or argues with him. Women whoterminated pregnanciesalso shows a positive association with the spousal violence (OR=1.51; p<0.01). Conclusion: The study reveals a close association between GBV and adverse reproductive health outcomes. Reductions in the GBV have potential to further decrease the level of unwanted pregnancy and the problems associated with women reproductive health. Key words: Gender-based violence, women’s reproductive right, women’s reproductive and sexual health.
PLOS Global Public Health
A healthy and diversified diet is essential for preventing several non-communicable diseases (NCD... more A healthy and diversified diet is essential for preventing several non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Given the increasing evidence of diet-related health burdens and the rising prevalence of NCDs among Indian adults, the present study aims to explore dietary diversity patterns among adult men in India and their association with non-communicable diseases (NCDs). For this purpose, the study used the fourth round of the National Family and Health Survey (NFHS-4) to analyze adult male samples (n = 1,12,122). Dietary Diversity Scores (DDS) were computed by the weighted sum of the number of different food groups consumed by an individual. The prevalence of diabetes, heart disease, and cancer among adult men is considered a non-communicable disease. Bivariate and logistic regression was carried out to examine the association between DDS and NCDs by estimating chi-squared tests (χ2-test), odds ratio (OR), and 95% confidence interval (CI). The prevalence of diabetes, heart disease, and cance...
PLOS global public health, Apr 26, 2023
A healthy and diversified diet is essential for preventing several non-communicable diseases (NCD... more A healthy and diversified diet is essential for preventing several non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Given the increasing evidence of diet-related health burdens and the rising prevalence of NCDs among Indian adults, the present study aims to explore dietary diversity patterns among adult men in India and their association with non-communicable diseases (NCDs). For this purpose, the study used the fourth round of the National Family and Health Survey (NFHS-4) to analyze adult male samples (n = 1,12,122). Dietary Diversity Scores (DDS) were computed by the weighted sum of the number of different food groups consumed by an individual. The prevalence of diabetes, heart disease, and cancer among adult men is considered a non-communicable disease. Bivariate and logistic regression was carried out to examine the association between DDS and NCDs by estimating chi-squared tests (χ 2-test), odds ratio (OR), and 95% confidence interval (CI). The prevalence of diabetes, heart disease, and cancer among adult men in India is 2.1 percent, 1.2 percent, and 0.3 percent, respectively. Results show a positive association between dietary diversity score and the prevalence of the non-communicable disease. High-level dietary diversity scores increase to two times the likelihood of diabetes (OR 2.15 with p<0.05) among adult men than to better-off counterparts while controlling all the covariates. However, a moderate dietary diversity score significantly decreases the likelihood of heart disease (OR 0.88 with p<0.10) and Cancer (OR 0.71 with p<0.05) for adult men compared to a lower score of dietary diversity. In addition, age, marital status, drinking and smoking habits, occupation, and wealth index are also significantly associated with the odds of non-communicable diseases among adult men.
Adolescent childbearing has emerged as an issue of increasing concern throughout the developing a... more Adolescent childbearing has emerged as an issue of increasing concern throughout the developing and developed countries once with the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) held at Cairo in 1994. The concern derives primarily from the desire to improve the social status of adolescent girls and safeguard the health of young mothers and their children [1], [2]. “Adolescence” has been defined in several of ways in many studies depending on the subject matter of research. It has been defined as “the state or process of growing up”, “the period of life from puberty to maturity” and “the period of transition from childhood to adulthood” [3], [4]. However, the operational definition varies mainly because of the variations in defining the age range for adolescents. United Nations have taken the age range of 13 – 19 years to understand the reproductive behaviour of adolescents [5]. The World Health Organization (WHO) defined ‘adolescence’ as the transition from childho...
Asian Journal of Research in Social Sciences and Humanities, 2012
Reducing infant mortality is a global effort (MDG Goal-4). Madhya Pradesh is one of the high vigi... more Reducing infant mortality is a global effort (MDG Goal-4). Madhya Pradesh is one of the high vigilant states of infant mortality in India. This state has reduced MR from 111 to 72 per1000 live births in 17 years during the time period of 1990 to 2007 (SRS), which accounts only 35 percent of reduction. Nowadays districts performance in reducing the infant mortality becomes a prime concern as districts presentation in a whole gives the state's picture. There is a need to identify the spatial pattern of infant mortality for the resource allocation and policy purpose. So district level estimation of Infant Mortality is important. This paper aims to understand the trends, level and Spatial Pattern of Infant Mortality in Madhya Pradesh. Data sources which are used for this study taken from Sample Registration System, DLHS-3 and other publications. This paper has made an attempt to estimate the district level IMR using Mean Children Ever Born and Mean Children Surviving data form DLHS-...
The present study aimed to examine the determinants of dietary diversity in the rural provinces o... more The present study aimed to examine the determinants of dietary diversity in the rural provinces of West Bengal, India. This study used a cross-sectional data that covered a sample of 485 households collected from rural Bankura District in West Bengal. Dietary Diversity Score (DSS) was calculated to capture the diversity in diet and households are categorised into ‘low dietary diversity’; ‘medium dietary diversity’ and ‘high dietary diversity groups’. Bivariate and multivariate analysis were applied. The study showed that 40 percent of the households reported a medium level dietary diversity, 39 percent reported low level of dietary diversity and only 21 percent households reported high level of dietary diversity. Result from ordinal logistic regression model showed that chances of having high level of dietary diversity versus combined middle and low level of dietary diversity is lower for female headed houses (OR:0.508; CL,0.228-1.134) compared to male headed houses. Odds of having ...
Background: Infertility is an emergent issue in India. Until recently, very few studies have unde... more Background: Infertility is an emergent issue in India. Until recently, very few studies have understood the patterns and consequences of infertility in India. Family planning programs in India also viewed exclusively the patterns and determinants of overfertility rather than infertility. Furthermore, there is the lack of information about treatment seeking behavior of infertile couples. Therefore, this paper aimed to examine the extent of infertility and treatment seeking behavior among infertile women in India. An attempt was also made to evaluate the effects of socio-demographic factors on treatment seeking behavior. Methods: The study used the data from the District Level Household and Facility Survey carried out in India during 2007-08. Several statistical techniques such as chi-square test, proportional hazard model and binary logistic regression model were used for the analysis. Results: Approximately, 8% of currently married women suffered from infertility in India and most o...
Social Science Spectrum, 2017
This study aims to understand the depth of household food insecurity and elucidates the coping me... more This study aims to understand the depth of household food insecurity and elucidates the coping mechanisms opted by households. A cross sectional study was conducted among 485 households in rural setting of West Bengal. Findings revealed that only 20 per cent households were food secure, whereas 44 per cent categorised as ‘food insecure’, 30 per cent were ‘food insecure with hunger (moderately)’ and six per cent households identified as ‘food insecure with hunger (severe). Multivariate binary logistic regression model showed that education of head of the household, caste, source of income, MPCE status and availability of livestock were significantly associated with the household food security. The most common coping strategies opted by households were to consume less preferred and less expensive food (98%), followed by borrowed food from relatives (73%). Similarly, common livelihood coping mechanisms were use of past saving cash (95%) and reduction of spending on other expense (94%)....
Journal of Reproduction & Infertility, 2016
Background: Infertility is an emergent issue in India. Until recently, very few studies have unde... more Background: Infertility is an emergent issue in India. Until recently, very few studies have understood the patterns and consequences of infertility in India. Family planning programs in India also viewed exclusively the patterns and determinants of overfertility rather than infertility. Furthermore, there is the lack of information about treatment seeking behavior of infertile couples. Therefore, this paper aimed to examine the extent of infertility and treatment seeking behavior among infertile women in India. An attempt was also made to evaluate the effects of socio-demographic factors on treatment seeking behavior. Methods: The study used the data from the District Level Household and Facility Survey carried out in India during 2007–08. Several statistical techniques such as chi-square test, proportional hazard model and binary logistic regression model were used for the analysis. Results: Approximately, 8% of currently married women suffered from infertility in India and most o...
Constitutionally, children up to age 14 years in India have fundamental right to free and compuls... more Constitutionally, children up to age 14 years in India have fundamental right to free and compulsory education, but many children remain far from school, either they are never enrolled or enrolled but drop out. Despite of several efforts like ‘Survya Shikshya Avijan’ ‘Midday meal scheme’ etc., enrollment rate has increased and dropout rate has decreased over the time but nowadays performance of children in school become important researchable issues. Child's performance in school not only depends on the school quality or teacher's quality but also on the family environment where the child grew. This study is an attempt to observe the role of family environmental factors on children's educational status. Analyzing secondary dataset National Family Health Survey-3, the study shows that ever enrollment status is affected significantly by all components of family environment-living situation, parental survival status, educational environment and economic environment, whereas...
Contraception is considered as the direct method to regulate fertility. Hence, promoting contrace... more Contraception is considered as the direct method to regulate fertility. Hence, promoting contraception uses is government effort for most of the high fertility countries. India is the first nation of the world to formulate the National Family Welfare Programme in 1952 with the objective of reducing the birth rate for population stabilization. The programme has experienced a significant growth in terms of financial support, service delivery, and range of contraceptive methods offered, science from its inception. National Population Policy in India (2002) also emphasised on unmet need of contraception. It affirms the government’s commitment to the provision of quality services, information and counselling, and expanding contraceptive method choices in order to enable people to make voluntary and informed choices (Santhya 2003). Uses of contraception have been increased significantly in India due to government effort and program interventions. It has increased from 13 percent in 1970 t...
International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care
Purpose The spread of COVID-19 from Wuhan to the global countries has a direct association with h... more Purpose The spread of COVID-19 from Wuhan to the global countries has a direct association with human mobility. Perhaps, human mobility increases the hazards of COVID-19 due to its communicable characteristic of human-to-human transmission. Thus, the volume of migrants and migration may have a significant role in the outbreaks of COVID-19 in any country. Given that India homes more than 45 crores of migrants, the present study aims to examine the linkages between migration flows and COVID-19. Design/methodology/approach The present study has used secondary sources such as data sharing portals, census, news and media reports and Web sources. The updated COVID-19 data was retrieved from the www.covid19india.org, whereas migration rates were analysed from the D-series of census 2011. Findings Nearly 23% of total inter-state migration occurred for the livelihood only. The numbers of cases have raised much earlier and faster in migrant's destination states than in migrant's origi...
Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health
GeoJournal
Using a cross-sectional survey, the study aims to understand scarcity of nutrition consumption am... more Using a cross-sectional survey, the study aims to understand scarcity of nutrition consumption among rural households in West Bengal. Most of the research related to nutrition and health measured under-nutrition at household using anthropometric outcomes of household members, hence, ignored nutrients based deprivations. This study has taken an advantage to analyses household’s nutrition deprivation by comparing between nutrients requirement and consumption, calculated using RDA norms as given by Indian Council of Medical Research and nutrients coefficients of Indian foods as given by National Institute of Nutrition, respectively. In addition to estimating of calorie, protein and fat deprivation, the study examines multiple nutrients deprivations in the households. Bi-variate analysis was carried out to examine socio-economic variations of nutritional deprivation whereas multi-variates regression analysis, such as binary logistic model and multinomial regression model, were used to determine significant risk factors of nutritional deficiency as well as multi-nutrients deficiency in the households. The findings reveal that more than half (55%) of households were deficient in multiple nutrients. Furthermore, multi-variate analyses show that size of households, working as agricultural labor and living in an extent family were positively associated with the nutrition deficiency. On other hand, household’s income, education of head of the households were negatively associated nutritional deficiency at households.
Using a cross-sectional survey, the study aims to understand scarcity of nutrition consumption am... more Using a cross-sectional survey, the study aims to understand scarcity of nutrition consumption among rural households in West Bengal. Most of the research related to nutrition and health measured under-nutrition at household using anthropometric outcomes of household members, hence, ignored nutrients based deprivations. This study has taken an advantage to analyses household’s nutrition deprivation by comparing between nutrients requirement and consumption, calculated using RDA norms as given by Indian Council of Medical Research and nutrients coefficients of Indian foods as given by National Institute of Nutrition, respectively. In addition to estimating of calorie, protein and fat deprivation, the study examines multiple nutrients deprivations in the households. Bi-variate analysis was carried out to examine socio-economic variations of nutritional deprivation whereas multi-variates regression analysis, such as binary logistic model and multinomial regression model, were used to determine significant risk factors of nutritional deficiency as well as multi-nutrients deficiency in the households. The findings reveal that more than half (55%) of households were deficient in multiple nutrients. Furthermore, multi-variate analyses show that size of households, working as agricultural labor and living in an extent family were positively associated with the nutrition deficiency. On other hand, household’s income, education of head of the households were negatively associated nutritional deficiency at households.
International Journal of Population Studies
Using a cross-sectional study of 485 sample households in 2013, the present paper examines the pr... more Using a cross-sectional study of 485 sample households in 2013, the present paper examines the prevalence and risk factors of child malnutrition among children under the age of five in West Bengal, India. As a part of this investigation, children’s underweight status, wasting, and stunting were examined in order to determine child nutritional status using the WHO growth standard. We performed bivariate analyses in order to elucidate differentials in nutritional indices and fitted multinomial logistic regression models to examine the net effect of different socio-economic factors on the likelihood of child malnutri-tion. Analysis results revealed stunting (51%) as the most common form of malnutrition among children aged under five, followed by underweight status (41%), and wasting (22%).Gender discrimination among children increases with age, whereby girls are more deprived (as measured by nutritional indic-es) compared to boys later in childhood relative to younger ages. Results fro...
Journal of reproduction & infertility
Infertility is an emergent issue in India. Until recently, very few studies have understood the p... more Infertility is an emergent issue in India. Until recently, very few studies have understood the patterns and consequences of infertility in India. Family planning programs in India also viewed exclusively the patterns and determinants of overfertility rather than infertility. Furthermore, there is the lack of information about treatment seeking behavior of infertile couples. Therefore, this paper aimed to examine the extent of infertility and treatment seeking behavior among infertile women in India. An attempt was also made to evaluate the effects of socio-demographic factors on treatment seeking behavior. The study used the data from the District Level Household and Facility Survey carried out in India during 2007-08. Several statistical techniques such as chi-square test, proportional hazard model and binary logistic regression model were used for the analysis. Approximately, 8% of currently married women suffered from infertility in India and most of them were secondary infertil...
Agricultural Resource Use and Management, 2014
'population momentum'. Population dynamic simply means the short-terms and long-terms changes in ... more 'population momentum'. Population dynamic simply means the short-terms and long-terms changes in the size and age structure of the population. It deals with the way population is affected by birth and death rates and by immigration and emigration. The linkage between population dynamic, food production and nutrition security is complex to generalize [4, 5]. There is no steady relationship between population growth Centre for Research on Settlements and Urbanism Journal of Settlements and Spatial Planning J o u r n a l h o m e p a g e: http://jssp.reviste.ubbcluj.ro This paper examines the dynamics in population growth and sustainability of food grain production in West Bengal. Linkage between population growth and food production is an issue of debate since late eighteen century when Malthus predicted that population growth will outstrip the food supply. Though fertility level in West Bengal reached to bellow replacement (TFR is <2.1) but population will increase till next few decades due to the mechanism of population momentum. Average annual growth rate has declined over the last two decades but absolute growth in the population increases the demand for food. There has been remarkable increase in the food grain production in West Bengal after 1980s but till the current level of food production is not sufficient enough to meet the domestic food requirement, though this gap decreased over the time. Besides, slow growth in the agricultural in the last few years is another concern of sustainable food production. Population growth in the West Bengal has significant association with food grain production and agriculture. Cultivable land and net sown area has reduced significantly due to the rapid growth of population. Cropping intensity increased drastically because of the reduction of net sown area and increase in population. Hence, it is very essential to increase the current level of food production more than proportional of population growth to ensure the food security in the near future in West Bengal.
Journal of Young Medical Researchers, 2014
Background: The extent of gender-based violence (GBV) varies across the countries but their negat... more Background: The extent of gender-based violence (GBV) varies across the countries but their negative impact on individual, especially on women is universal and it has direct link with the reproductive and sexual health (RSH) of women. Hence this study depicts an association between gender-based violence and adverse reproductive outcomes of the women in West Bengal. Methods: Third round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) conducted during 2005-2007 was utilized. NFHS is a cross-sectional study and open for public use. Only recently married women aged 15- 49 years in West Bengal have been analyzed (N=4973).Bivariates andmultivariate analysis have been conducted in this study. Result: Almost 31%recently married women in West Bengal experienced physical violence whereas 11% and 21% women experienced emotional and sexual violence respectively. Majority of the women (25.5%) agreed that wife beating by their husband is justifiable if she neglects children or argues with him. Women whoterminated pregnanciesalso shows a positive association with the spousal violence (OR=1.51; p<0.01). Conclusion: The study reveals a close association between GBV and adverse reproductive health outcomes. Reductions in the GBV have potential to further decrease the level of unwanted pregnancy and the problems associated with women reproductive health. Key words: Gender-based violence, women’s reproductive right, women’s reproductive and sexual health.