Syed Esam Mahmood | Integral University (original) (raw)
Papers by Syed Esam Mahmood
Research and Humanities in Medical Education, 2020
According to the World Health Organization, "spiritual health refers to that part of the individu... more According to the World Health Organization, "spiritual health refers to that part of the individual which reaches out and strives for meaning and purpose in life".[1] Spiritual health can be achieved through devotion, purity, dedication, charity, forgiveness, connectedness, faith in oneself, dealing smoothly with issues of death and death anxiety, prayer, yogameditation and positive thinking.[2] "Realization of one's Full Potential"; "Meaning and Purpose of Life"; and "Happiness From Within" are the three important aspects of spiritual heath.[3]
Journal of Diabetes & Metabolism, 2011
Archives of Public Health, 2012
Background: One of the greatest problems for India is undernutrition among children. The country ... more Background: One of the greatest problems for India is undernutrition among children. The country is still struggling with this problem. Malnutrition, the condition resulting from faulty nutrition, weakens the immune system and causes significant growth and cognitive delay. Growth assessment is the measurement that best defines the health and nutritional status of children, while also providing an indirect measurement of well-being for the entire population. Methods: A cross-sectional study, in which we explored nutritional status in school-age slum children and analyze factors associated with malnutrition with the help of a pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire, anthropometric measurements and clinical examination from December 2010 to April 2011 in urban slums of Bareilly, Uttar-Pradesh (UP), India. Result: The mean height and weight of boys and girls in the study group was lower than the CDC 2000 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) standards in all age groups. Regarding nutritional status, prevalence of stunting and underweight was highest in age group 11 yrs to 13 yrs whereas prevalence of wasting was highest in age group 5 yrs to 7 yrs. Except refractive errors all illnesses are more common among girls, but this gender difference is statistically significant only for anemia and rickets. The risk of malnutrition was significantly higher among children living in joint families, children whose mother's education was [less than or equal to] 6th standard and children with working mothers. Conclusions: Most of the school-age slum children in our study had a poor nutritional status. Interventions such as skills-based nutrition education, fortification of food items, effective infection control, training of public healthcare workers and delivery of integrated programs are recommended.
Nutrients
Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) has been widely used for its health benefits as an edible and trad... more Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) has been widely used for its health benefits as an edible and traditional medicinal mushroom for thousands of years in Asian countries. It is currently used as a nutraceutical and functional food owing to its major bioactive compounds, polysaccharides and triterpenoids. G. lucidum exhibits a broad range of hepatoprotective impacts in various liver disorders, such as hepatic cancer, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcohol-induced liver disease, hepatitis B, hepatic fibrosis, and liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and α-amanitin. G. lucidum protects the liver through a broad range of mechanisms that include the modulation of liver Phase I and II enzymes, the suppression of β-glucuronidase, antifibrotic and antiviral actions, the regulation of the production of nitric oxide (NO), the maintenance of hepatocellular calcium homeostasis, immunomodulatory activity, and scavenging free radicals. G. lucidum could signify an encouraging...
Sustainability
The COVID-19 pandemic at its peak compelled students to stay home and adapt to the distance learn... more The COVID-19 pandemic at its peak compelled students to stay home and adapt to the distance learning system. The world has gone through phases of fear and respite in the recent years. There have been a number of studies related to student learning via online teaching during the pandemic. Now, as the vaccination coverage picks up and the pandemic appears to have achieved a plateau, it is time to take a view of students’ perceptions of online learning and its effectiveness in skill development during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study assesses the students’ preferences and perceptions regarding offline and online learning post-COVID-19 lockdown and with the resumption of offline classes. A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Khalid University, Aseer region, from the period of 1 January 2022 to 30 January 2022. A convenience sampling technique was utilized to collect data from female students. Data analysis was conducted by using SPSS version 22.0. A total of 480 students partic...
Vaccines
Introduction: Vaccines are an important part of the COVID-19 pandemic response plan. This study w... more Introduction: Vaccines are an important part of the COVID-19 pandemic response plan. This study was undertaken to find out the percentage of supporters in the Saudi population for COVID-19 vaccination among children, and to assess the study population’s perceptions towards COVID-19 vaccination among children. Material and Methods: This nationwide study adopted a cross-sectional survey of adult participants, conducted by trained medical students. The anonymous questionnaire was published on social media tools. Statistical analysis was conducted using two-tailed tests. Results: Six hundred and twenty (620) participants were recruited for this study. Nearly 17.0% of participants had a chronic health problem/comorbidity. About 28.7% of the study participants reported having COVID-19 infection. The COVID-19 vaccine was received among 94.7% of the study respondents. The majority of the vaccination supporters (89.0%) wanted to get the third dose. There was a statistically significant assoc...
Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences
BACKGROUND Adolescence is the phase of transition when a child's body changes into that of an adu... more BACKGROUND Adolescence is the phase of transition when a child's body changes into that of an adult. Food product advertisements through electronic media may influence the eating habits amongst adolescents. The study aimed to find the usage of electronic media and its influence on the changing trends in the eating habits among adolescents. METHODS This is a school-based cross-sectional study conducted for three months in the three randomly selected schools of Ramghat Road locality of Aligarh City, U.P., India. A total of 600 adolescents formed the study sample selected by convenient sampling. A close-ended self-structured and pre-tested questionnaire was used as the study tool. Ethical clearance & consent were obtained from the Principal of the respective schools & study subjects. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed by SPSS version 25. RESULTS All adolescents had access to at least one form of electronic media. Television was the most preferred electronic medium (42.83 %). Majority of the television viewers (70.3 %) watched TV for more than 2 hours a day. About 68.2 % of adolescents were bodyconscious. About 66.5 % were under the influence of advertisements for their eating habits. Around 48.8 % of the subjects preferred junk foods. Among the television viewers, majority (93.8 %) had the habit of eating food items while watching television. CONCLUSIONS There is a statistically significant influence of electronic media in changing the eating habits of adolescents. It is recommended to have strict advertisement policy for food products being advertised, targeting adolescents as they have a direct or indirect effect on their health.
Journal of Personalized Medicine
Mortality and morbidity from influenza and other respiratory viruses are significant causes of co... more Mortality and morbidity from influenza and other respiratory viruses are significant causes of concern worldwide. Infections in the respiratory tract are often underappreciated because they tend to be mild and incapacitated. On the other hand, these infections are regarded as a common concern in clinical practice. Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections, albeit this is becoming more challenging since many of the more prevalent infection causes have acquired a wide range of antimicrobial resistance. Resistance to frontline treatment medications is constantly rising, necessitating the development of new antiviral agents. Probiotics are one of several medications explored to treat respiratory viral infection (RVI). As a result, certain probiotics effectively prevent gastrointestinal dysbiosis and decrease the likelihood of secondary infections. Various probiotic bacterias and their metabolites have shown immunomodulating and antiviral properties. Unfortunately, the mechanism...
Indian Journal of Community Health
Introduction: Children who play violent video games can become violent and aggressive. An aggress... more Introduction: Children who play violent video games can become violent and aggressive. An aggressive emotional change in their behavior and deviation in academic performance is usually noticed. Aim: To assess the impact of violent video games playing among school going adolescents. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among a random sample of 400 adolescents recruited from four selected English medium schools of a City of Northern India by convenient sampling. Each student was interviewed by using a self-structured questionnaire which covered demographics, video gaming behaviors, and effects of video game playing on adolescents. Statistical Analysis: Collected data were entered in Microsoft Excel and subjected to suitable statistical tests. Results: 83.75% of the participants play video games while 1/3rd preferred to play violent games. 72.24% of the parents did not monitor the video game content of their children. Both boys (58.56%) and girls (17.12%) got ag...
Sustainability
Nutrition information on food labels can help consumers to choose healthier food. We investigated... more Nutrition information on food labels can help consumers to choose healthier food. We investigated consumers’ awareness of food labels and their influence on the decision to buy food items among students of health sciences of King Khalid University, Abha. This cross-sectional study involved 350 females who gave informed verbal consent and were selected by systematic random sampling technique. Data was collected by using a self-administered questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS version 21. Overall 76.3% of students knew food labeling. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed between the knowledge about food labeling and education, the number of family members, earning members, frequency of shopping and income. Almost half of the students checked food labels before buying, 43.7% replaced food on an importance basis and value of labeling, and 60% replaced on a cost basis. More than half of students were ready to buy food items with no labels, and 21.7% ev...
Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2021
BACKGROUND Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a recognized public health problem with the increasing... more BACKGROUND Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a recognized public health problem with the increasing burden of disability and death occurring globally. We wanted to assess the perceptions about traumatic brain injury and also find its overall awareness among preventive medicine residents. METHODS This cross-sectional study involved preventive medicine program residents of Aseer region. Participants were recruited from Oct 1 2019, to Sept 30 2019. After giving a brief explanation and taking voluntary consent, a 40 item self-reported questionnaire was administered to the participants. Data entry and statistical analysis were performed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS windows version 16.0 software. Descriptive statistics (means, standard deviations) were performed for the patient's age and overall awareness level. Three points Likert scale was used to assess the effects of brain injury, causes and preventive measures as reported by program residents. RESULTS The majority of respondents ...
Psychology Research and Behavior Management
The infectious pandemics are generally accompanied by an often-overlooked impact it has on the ps... more The infectious pandemics are generally accompanied by an often-overlooked impact it has on the psychology of the masses. Healthcare students and workers are expected to develop significant levels of stress as compared to the general population. The significance of this study is to assess the depression, anxiety and stress faced by the healthcare students that may lead to unfavourable effects on learning and their overall psychological health. Methods: This assessment was done by means of an anonymous, online, closed-ended questionnaire. DASS-21 scale was the primary instrument used for this purpose. The responses were recorded on a 4-point Likert scale. Results: The study had more male students, majority were between 21 and 23 years of age, asymptomatic and almost equal proportion of students from the fraternity of dentistry, medicine, pharmacy and nursing. Dental and pharmacy students were associated with lower stress than medical students whereas nursing students experienced higher anxiety as compared to medical students. Close contact with confirmed COVID-19 cases experienced higher stress and anxiety. Daily patient exposure was associated with significantly higher stress anxiety and depression. Conclusion: Based on the observations of the present study, a support program for psychological training for these health care students should be introduced.
Journal of Family and Community Medicine, 2012
Background: Breastfeeding is one of the most important determinants of child survival, birth spac... more Background: Breastfeeding is one of the most important determinants of child survival, birth spacing, and the prevention of childhood infections. The beneficial effects of breastfeeding depend on its initiation, duration, and the age at which the breastfed child is weaned. Breastfeeding practices vary among different regions and communities. Objectives: To assess the pattern of infant feeding and its relation to certain practices of maternity and newborn care, and to assess the knowledge of mothers on the advantages of exclusive breastfeeding. The cross-sectional study was carried out in randomly selected villages of the Bhojipura Block of Bareilly district, Uttar Pradesh. A total of 123 women who had delivered within the last year were interviewed in a house-to-house survey. A study instrument was used to collect data. Chi-square test and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: Most of the mothers were aged less than 30 years (78.04%) and were Hindus (73.9%). Most were illiterate (69.9%) and belonged to the lower socioeconomic class (97.5%). The majority were housewives (99.1%) and multiparous (68.2%). Most had initiated breastfeeding (78.8%) within 24 hours of delivery. About 15.4% of the infants did not receive colostrum and 22.8% of the infants were not exclusively breastfed. Ghutti (water mixed with honey and herbs), boiled water, tea, and animal milk were commonly used pre-lacteal feeds. About 47.2% of the respondents were not aware of the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding. About one quarter of the mothers started complementary feeding before the child was six months old. About half the deliveries had taken place at home and only a quarter of the females had had three or more antenatal visits during pregnancy. The birth weight of the majority (78%) of newborns was not measured. A majority (69.9%) of the mothers did not receive advice on child feeding. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that maternity and newborn care variables had no significant association with exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusions: Despite higher rates of early initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding, awareness of the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding was low. This indicates the need to promote awareness of the correct method of infant feeding and care of the newborn. Creating an awareness of the advantages of exclusive breastfeeding will further strengthen and support this common practice in rural communities and avoid an early introduction to complementary foods for sociocultural reasons.
Archives of Public Health
Background The provision of health care services including maternal and newborn care is a dynamic... more Background The provision of health care services including maternal and newborn care is a dynamic system of entitlement and obligations among the community, the service providers, and the government. Thermal control remains poor in newborns owing to immaturity of the thermoregulatory center and newborn become vulnerable to hypothermia especially premature babies, intrauterine growth retardation and LBW babies, and even normal babies.This study aimed to assess the knowledge & practices regarding thermal protection their determinants. Methods Cross-sectional study was conducted in the Amroha district. The study population comprised women of reproductive age (15 to 49 years) who have delivered a live baby within the past 12 weeks before the conduct of the study. Out of 6 blocks, 2 most populous villages were selected. Total 61 villages from 6 blocks were covered under the study. Knowledge and practices regarding newborn thermal care were expressed in percentages and compared. Results T...
Objectives: To find out the prevalence of VAD among urban school children of District Bareilly, t... more Objectives: To find out the prevalence of VAD among urban school children of District Bareilly, to identify the associated biosocial factors and to suggest the suitable measures to prevent xerophthalmia among them. Methods: Six month cross sectional study was conducted among school going children in 2 purposively selected schools in an urban area of Bareilly District. A structured proforma was used to collect the information. Chi- square test was used to analyze data. Results: Of the 800 children examined, the overall prevalence of VAD was found to be 6.37%. The prevalence of VAD was highest in 11-12 years of age group children and lowest in the 3-5 years age group (P-value>.05). The prevalence of VAD was slightly higher among boys as compared to girls (P-value>.05). The prevalence of VAD was significantly higher among the children belonging to lower socioeconomic class as compared to those belonging to upper and middle socioeconomic class (P-value>.05). Nearly 48.5 % of ch...
National journal of community medicine, 2011
The average prevalence of hypertension in India is 25% in urban and 10% in rural inhabitants. Pre... more The average prevalence of hypertension in India is 25% in urban and 10% in rural inhabitants. Prevalence of hypertension has been found to increase in traditional populations undergoing modernization. There is a strong correlation between changing lifestyle factors and increase in hypertension. The objectives of the study were to find out Prevalence of hypertension and identification of associated risk factors amongst labour population of District Bareilly. The cross sectional field study involved 185 respondents, aged 18 years and above using simple random sampling technique. A study instrument which included behavioral risk factor questionnaire (Tobacco use, alcohol consumption and type of diet) and physical measurements of height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference and blood pressure was used to collect data. Chi- square test and regression analysis were used to analyze data. The overall prevalence of hypertension was found to be 10.81%. Prevalence of hypertension was...
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science, 2021
Background: Cancer of the cervix is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths amongst women ... more Background: Cancer of the cervix is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths amongst women in India. Apart from the availability of healthcare services, awareness and attitude, the cornerstone of public health measures such as screening and vaccination are useful in the control of cervical cancer. There is a lack of studies regarding cervical cancer in the selected region. Objectives: To assess the knowledge of cervical cancer and its associated factors amongst rural women in a densely populated state of Northern India. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was undertaken for a period of one year, i.e., from April 2018 to March 2019, in five randomly selected villages of the Bakshi Ka Talab Block of District Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. Systematic random sampling was performed to include females aged 15 years and above by a house to house survey. Trained social workers interviewed the consenting participants using a self-structured, pretested and validated questionnaire. The suit...
International Journal of Advances in Medicine, 2017
Background: Surgical fine needle aspiration cytology is most popular diagnostic aid in patients w... more Background: Surgical fine needle aspiration cytology is most popular diagnostic aid in patients with lymphadenopathy. Methods: This one year observational study comprised of aspirate collected from lymph nodes of patients attending Mahamaya Rajkiya Allopathic Medical College and Hospital, Ambedkarnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India. Fine needle aspiration was performed in all the patients and slides were stained with H and E, PAP and Ziehl Neelsen stains. SPSS was used for data analysis. Fischer’s Exact test was applied. Results: Out of the 51 patients, the most common site of lymph node aspirated was cervical (72.5%). A higher proportion of cases were diagnosed as chronic nonspecific lymphadenitis (23.5%) followed by granulomatous abscess (23.5%), tubercular lymph node (21.6%) and reactive (17.6%). A significant association found between FNAC diagnosis and age was found (p≤ 0.05). Conclusions: FNAC is a simple and useful procedure in patients with lymphadenopathy.
BioMed Research International, 2021
Background Obesity causes different diseases, eventually. In our study, the results of resistance... more Background Obesity causes different diseases, eventually. In our study, the results of resistance exercises were examined on selected biochemical markers in Abha City, Saudi Arabia, which is at the height of 2,270 meters above sea level. Methods A randomized controlled research was conducted with 60 participants equally divided into three groups, 20 subjects in each group: group 1 was composed of obese people who received resistance training exercise, group 2 was composed of the obese control group who did not receive resistance training exercise, and group 3 was composed of normal individuals who received resistance exercise training. The resistance exercises were done in the 6th and 12th weeks. Biochemical blood tests were done. Results Comparing to the control group, glucose decreased very little with insulin also showing little difference. It has been seen that TC, TG, and LDL reduced to a reasonable extent after resistance exercise, while HDL was increased (p ≤ 0.01). Plasma ur...
Research and Humanities in Medical Education, 2020
According to the World Health Organization, "spiritual health refers to that part of the individu... more According to the World Health Organization, "spiritual health refers to that part of the individual which reaches out and strives for meaning and purpose in life".[1] Spiritual health can be achieved through devotion, purity, dedication, charity, forgiveness, connectedness, faith in oneself, dealing smoothly with issues of death and death anxiety, prayer, yogameditation and positive thinking.[2] "Realization of one's Full Potential"; "Meaning and Purpose of Life"; and "Happiness From Within" are the three important aspects of spiritual heath.[3]
Journal of Diabetes & Metabolism, 2011
Archives of Public Health, 2012
Background: One of the greatest problems for India is undernutrition among children. The country ... more Background: One of the greatest problems for India is undernutrition among children. The country is still struggling with this problem. Malnutrition, the condition resulting from faulty nutrition, weakens the immune system and causes significant growth and cognitive delay. Growth assessment is the measurement that best defines the health and nutritional status of children, while also providing an indirect measurement of well-being for the entire population. Methods: A cross-sectional study, in which we explored nutritional status in school-age slum children and analyze factors associated with malnutrition with the help of a pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire, anthropometric measurements and clinical examination from December 2010 to April 2011 in urban slums of Bareilly, Uttar-Pradesh (UP), India. Result: The mean height and weight of boys and girls in the study group was lower than the CDC 2000 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) standards in all age groups. Regarding nutritional status, prevalence of stunting and underweight was highest in age group 11 yrs to 13 yrs whereas prevalence of wasting was highest in age group 5 yrs to 7 yrs. Except refractive errors all illnesses are more common among girls, but this gender difference is statistically significant only for anemia and rickets. The risk of malnutrition was significantly higher among children living in joint families, children whose mother's education was [less than or equal to] 6th standard and children with working mothers. Conclusions: Most of the school-age slum children in our study had a poor nutritional status. Interventions such as skills-based nutrition education, fortification of food items, effective infection control, training of public healthcare workers and delivery of integrated programs are recommended.
Nutrients
Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) has been widely used for its health benefits as an edible and trad... more Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) has been widely used for its health benefits as an edible and traditional medicinal mushroom for thousands of years in Asian countries. It is currently used as a nutraceutical and functional food owing to its major bioactive compounds, polysaccharides and triterpenoids. G. lucidum exhibits a broad range of hepatoprotective impacts in various liver disorders, such as hepatic cancer, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcohol-induced liver disease, hepatitis B, hepatic fibrosis, and liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and α-amanitin. G. lucidum protects the liver through a broad range of mechanisms that include the modulation of liver Phase I and II enzymes, the suppression of β-glucuronidase, antifibrotic and antiviral actions, the regulation of the production of nitric oxide (NO), the maintenance of hepatocellular calcium homeostasis, immunomodulatory activity, and scavenging free radicals. G. lucidum could signify an encouraging...
Sustainability
The COVID-19 pandemic at its peak compelled students to stay home and adapt to the distance learn... more The COVID-19 pandemic at its peak compelled students to stay home and adapt to the distance learning system. The world has gone through phases of fear and respite in the recent years. There have been a number of studies related to student learning via online teaching during the pandemic. Now, as the vaccination coverage picks up and the pandemic appears to have achieved a plateau, it is time to take a view of students’ perceptions of online learning and its effectiveness in skill development during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study assesses the students’ preferences and perceptions regarding offline and online learning post-COVID-19 lockdown and with the resumption of offline classes. A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Khalid University, Aseer region, from the period of 1 January 2022 to 30 January 2022. A convenience sampling technique was utilized to collect data from female students. Data analysis was conducted by using SPSS version 22.0. A total of 480 students partic...
Vaccines
Introduction: Vaccines are an important part of the COVID-19 pandemic response plan. This study w... more Introduction: Vaccines are an important part of the COVID-19 pandemic response plan. This study was undertaken to find out the percentage of supporters in the Saudi population for COVID-19 vaccination among children, and to assess the study population’s perceptions towards COVID-19 vaccination among children. Material and Methods: This nationwide study adopted a cross-sectional survey of adult participants, conducted by trained medical students. The anonymous questionnaire was published on social media tools. Statistical analysis was conducted using two-tailed tests. Results: Six hundred and twenty (620) participants were recruited for this study. Nearly 17.0% of participants had a chronic health problem/comorbidity. About 28.7% of the study participants reported having COVID-19 infection. The COVID-19 vaccine was received among 94.7% of the study respondents. The majority of the vaccination supporters (89.0%) wanted to get the third dose. There was a statistically significant assoc...
Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences
BACKGROUND Adolescence is the phase of transition when a child's body changes into that of an adu... more BACKGROUND Adolescence is the phase of transition when a child's body changes into that of an adult. Food product advertisements through electronic media may influence the eating habits amongst adolescents. The study aimed to find the usage of electronic media and its influence on the changing trends in the eating habits among adolescents. METHODS This is a school-based cross-sectional study conducted for three months in the three randomly selected schools of Ramghat Road locality of Aligarh City, U.P., India. A total of 600 adolescents formed the study sample selected by convenient sampling. A close-ended self-structured and pre-tested questionnaire was used as the study tool. Ethical clearance & consent were obtained from the Principal of the respective schools & study subjects. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed by SPSS version 25. RESULTS All adolescents had access to at least one form of electronic media. Television was the most preferred electronic medium (42.83 %). Majority of the television viewers (70.3 %) watched TV for more than 2 hours a day. About 68.2 % of adolescents were bodyconscious. About 66.5 % were under the influence of advertisements for their eating habits. Around 48.8 % of the subjects preferred junk foods. Among the television viewers, majority (93.8 %) had the habit of eating food items while watching television. CONCLUSIONS There is a statistically significant influence of electronic media in changing the eating habits of adolescents. It is recommended to have strict advertisement policy for food products being advertised, targeting adolescents as they have a direct or indirect effect on their health.
Journal of Personalized Medicine
Mortality and morbidity from influenza and other respiratory viruses are significant causes of co... more Mortality and morbidity from influenza and other respiratory viruses are significant causes of concern worldwide. Infections in the respiratory tract are often underappreciated because they tend to be mild and incapacitated. On the other hand, these infections are regarded as a common concern in clinical practice. Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections, albeit this is becoming more challenging since many of the more prevalent infection causes have acquired a wide range of antimicrobial resistance. Resistance to frontline treatment medications is constantly rising, necessitating the development of new antiviral agents. Probiotics are one of several medications explored to treat respiratory viral infection (RVI). As a result, certain probiotics effectively prevent gastrointestinal dysbiosis and decrease the likelihood of secondary infections. Various probiotic bacterias and their metabolites have shown immunomodulating and antiviral properties. Unfortunately, the mechanism...
Indian Journal of Community Health
Introduction: Children who play violent video games can become violent and aggressive. An aggress... more Introduction: Children who play violent video games can become violent and aggressive. An aggressive emotional change in their behavior and deviation in academic performance is usually noticed. Aim: To assess the impact of violent video games playing among school going adolescents. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among a random sample of 400 adolescents recruited from four selected English medium schools of a City of Northern India by convenient sampling. Each student was interviewed by using a self-structured questionnaire which covered demographics, video gaming behaviors, and effects of video game playing on adolescents. Statistical Analysis: Collected data were entered in Microsoft Excel and subjected to suitable statistical tests. Results: 83.75% of the participants play video games while 1/3rd preferred to play violent games. 72.24% of the parents did not monitor the video game content of their children. Both boys (58.56%) and girls (17.12%) got ag...
Sustainability
Nutrition information on food labels can help consumers to choose healthier food. We investigated... more Nutrition information on food labels can help consumers to choose healthier food. We investigated consumers’ awareness of food labels and their influence on the decision to buy food items among students of health sciences of King Khalid University, Abha. This cross-sectional study involved 350 females who gave informed verbal consent and were selected by systematic random sampling technique. Data was collected by using a self-administered questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS version 21. Overall 76.3% of students knew food labeling. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed between the knowledge about food labeling and education, the number of family members, earning members, frequency of shopping and income. Almost half of the students checked food labels before buying, 43.7% replaced food on an importance basis and value of labeling, and 60% replaced on a cost basis. More than half of students were ready to buy food items with no labels, and 21.7% ev...
Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2021
BACKGROUND Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a recognized public health problem with the increasing... more BACKGROUND Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is a recognized public health problem with the increasing burden of disability and death occurring globally. We wanted to assess the perceptions about traumatic brain injury and also find its overall awareness among preventive medicine residents. METHODS This cross-sectional study involved preventive medicine program residents of Aseer region. Participants were recruited from Oct 1 2019, to Sept 30 2019. After giving a brief explanation and taking voluntary consent, a 40 item self-reported questionnaire was administered to the participants. Data entry and statistical analysis were performed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS windows version 16.0 software. Descriptive statistics (means, standard deviations) were performed for the patient's age and overall awareness level. Three points Likert scale was used to assess the effects of brain injury, causes and preventive measures as reported by program residents. RESULTS The majority of respondents ...
Psychology Research and Behavior Management
The infectious pandemics are generally accompanied by an often-overlooked impact it has on the ps... more The infectious pandemics are generally accompanied by an often-overlooked impact it has on the psychology of the masses. Healthcare students and workers are expected to develop significant levels of stress as compared to the general population. The significance of this study is to assess the depression, anxiety and stress faced by the healthcare students that may lead to unfavourable effects on learning and their overall psychological health. Methods: This assessment was done by means of an anonymous, online, closed-ended questionnaire. DASS-21 scale was the primary instrument used for this purpose. The responses were recorded on a 4-point Likert scale. Results: The study had more male students, majority were between 21 and 23 years of age, asymptomatic and almost equal proportion of students from the fraternity of dentistry, medicine, pharmacy and nursing. Dental and pharmacy students were associated with lower stress than medical students whereas nursing students experienced higher anxiety as compared to medical students. Close contact with confirmed COVID-19 cases experienced higher stress and anxiety. Daily patient exposure was associated with significantly higher stress anxiety and depression. Conclusion: Based on the observations of the present study, a support program for psychological training for these health care students should be introduced.
Journal of Family and Community Medicine, 2012
Background: Breastfeeding is one of the most important determinants of child survival, birth spac... more Background: Breastfeeding is one of the most important determinants of child survival, birth spacing, and the prevention of childhood infections. The beneficial effects of breastfeeding depend on its initiation, duration, and the age at which the breastfed child is weaned. Breastfeeding practices vary among different regions and communities. Objectives: To assess the pattern of infant feeding and its relation to certain practices of maternity and newborn care, and to assess the knowledge of mothers on the advantages of exclusive breastfeeding. The cross-sectional study was carried out in randomly selected villages of the Bhojipura Block of Bareilly district, Uttar Pradesh. A total of 123 women who had delivered within the last year were interviewed in a house-to-house survey. A study instrument was used to collect data. Chi-square test and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: Most of the mothers were aged less than 30 years (78.04%) and were Hindus (73.9%). Most were illiterate (69.9%) and belonged to the lower socioeconomic class (97.5%). The majority were housewives (99.1%) and multiparous (68.2%). Most had initiated breastfeeding (78.8%) within 24 hours of delivery. About 15.4% of the infants did not receive colostrum and 22.8% of the infants were not exclusively breastfed. Ghutti (water mixed with honey and herbs), boiled water, tea, and animal milk were commonly used pre-lacteal feeds. About 47.2% of the respondents were not aware of the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding. About one quarter of the mothers started complementary feeding before the child was six months old. About half the deliveries had taken place at home and only a quarter of the females had had three or more antenatal visits during pregnancy. The birth weight of the majority (78%) of newborns was not measured. A majority (69.9%) of the mothers did not receive advice on child feeding. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that maternity and newborn care variables had no significant association with exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusions: Despite higher rates of early initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding, awareness of the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding was low. This indicates the need to promote awareness of the correct method of infant feeding and care of the newborn. Creating an awareness of the advantages of exclusive breastfeeding will further strengthen and support this common practice in rural communities and avoid an early introduction to complementary foods for sociocultural reasons.
Archives of Public Health
Background The provision of health care services including maternal and newborn care is a dynamic... more Background The provision of health care services including maternal and newborn care is a dynamic system of entitlement and obligations among the community, the service providers, and the government. Thermal control remains poor in newborns owing to immaturity of the thermoregulatory center and newborn become vulnerable to hypothermia especially premature babies, intrauterine growth retardation and LBW babies, and even normal babies.This study aimed to assess the knowledge & practices regarding thermal protection their determinants. Methods Cross-sectional study was conducted in the Amroha district. The study population comprised women of reproductive age (15 to 49 years) who have delivered a live baby within the past 12 weeks before the conduct of the study. Out of 6 blocks, 2 most populous villages were selected. Total 61 villages from 6 blocks were covered under the study. Knowledge and practices regarding newborn thermal care were expressed in percentages and compared. Results T...
Objectives: To find out the prevalence of VAD among urban school children of District Bareilly, t... more Objectives: To find out the prevalence of VAD among urban school children of District Bareilly, to identify the associated biosocial factors and to suggest the suitable measures to prevent xerophthalmia among them. Methods: Six month cross sectional study was conducted among school going children in 2 purposively selected schools in an urban area of Bareilly District. A structured proforma was used to collect the information. Chi- square test was used to analyze data. Results: Of the 800 children examined, the overall prevalence of VAD was found to be 6.37%. The prevalence of VAD was highest in 11-12 years of age group children and lowest in the 3-5 years age group (P-value>.05). The prevalence of VAD was slightly higher among boys as compared to girls (P-value>.05). The prevalence of VAD was significantly higher among the children belonging to lower socioeconomic class as compared to those belonging to upper and middle socioeconomic class (P-value>.05). Nearly 48.5 % of ch...
National journal of community medicine, 2011
The average prevalence of hypertension in India is 25% in urban and 10% in rural inhabitants. Pre... more The average prevalence of hypertension in India is 25% in urban and 10% in rural inhabitants. Prevalence of hypertension has been found to increase in traditional populations undergoing modernization. There is a strong correlation between changing lifestyle factors and increase in hypertension. The objectives of the study were to find out Prevalence of hypertension and identification of associated risk factors amongst labour population of District Bareilly. The cross sectional field study involved 185 respondents, aged 18 years and above using simple random sampling technique. A study instrument which included behavioral risk factor questionnaire (Tobacco use, alcohol consumption and type of diet) and physical measurements of height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference and blood pressure was used to collect data. Chi- square test and regression analysis were used to analyze data. The overall prevalence of hypertension was found to be 10.81%. Prevalence of hypertension was...
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science, 2021
Background: Cancer of the cervix is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths amongst women ... more Background: Cancer of the cervix is the most common cause of cancer-related deaths amongst women in India. Apart from the availability of healthcare services, awareness and attitude, the cornerstone of public health measures such as screening and vaccination are useful in the control of cervical cancer. There is a lack of studies regarding cervical cancer in the selected region. Objectives: To assess the knowledge of cervical cancer and its associated factors amongst rural women in a densely populated state of Northern India. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was undertaken for a period of one year, i.e., from April 2018 to March 2019, in five randomly selected villages of the Bakshi Ka Talab Block of District Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. Systematic random sampling was performed to include females aged 15 years and above by a house to house survey. Trained social workers interviewed the consenting participants using a self-structured, pretested and validated questionnaire. The suit...
International Journal of Advances in Medicine, 2017
Background: Surgical fine needle aspiration cytology is most popular diagnostic aid in patients w... more Background: Surgical fine needle aspiration cytology is most popular diagnostic aid in patients with lymphadenopathy. Methods: This one year observational study comprised of aspirate collected from lymph nodes of patients attending Mahamaya Rajkiya Allopathic Medical College and Hospital, Ambedkarnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India. Fine needle aspiration was performed in all the patients and slides were stained with H and E, PAP and Ziehl Neelsen stains. SPSS was used for data analysis. Fischer’s Exact test was applied. Results: Out of the 51 patients, the most common site of lymph node aspirated was cervical (72.5%). A higher proportion of cases were diagnosed as chronic nonspecific lymphadenitis (23.5%) followed by granulomatous abscess (23.5%), tubercular lymph node (21.6%) and reactive (17.6%). A significant association found between FNAC diagnosis and age was found (p≤ 0.05). Conclusions: FNAC is a simple and useful procedure in patients with lymphadenopathy.
BioMed Research International, 2021
Background Obesity causes different diseases, eventually. In our study, the results of resistance... more Background Obesity causes different diseases, eventually. In our study, the results of resistance exercises were examined on selected biochemical markers in Abha City, Saudi Arabia, which is at the height of 2,270 meters above sea level. Methods A randomized controlled research was conducted with 60 participants equally divided into three groups, 20 subjects in each group: group 1 was composed of obese people who received resistance training exercise, group 2 was composed of the obese control group who did not receive resistance training exercise, and group 3 was composed of normal individuals who received resistance exercise training. The resistance exercises were done in the 6th and 12th weeks. Biochemical blood tests were done. Results Comparing to the control group, glucose decreased very little with insulin also showing little difference. It has been seen that TC, TG, and LDL reduced to a reasonable extent after resistance exercise, while HDL was increased (p ≤ 0.01). Plasma ur...