Saif H. Alrubaee | University of Technology/Iraq (original) (raw)

Papers by Saif H. Alrubaee

Journal of communications, Mar 1, 2024

The rapid expansion of vehicular communication systems emphasizes the integration of LTE-V networ... more The rapid expansion of vehicular communication systems emphasizes the integration of LTE-V networks, crucial for applications like road safety, traffic management, and infotainment. High-speed scenarios demand efficient downlink scheduling due to constantly changing channel conditions influenced by factors like throughput and Bit Error Rate (BER). Mobility-induced channel variations lead to signal quality fluctuations, interference, and congestion. LTE-V networks require robust Quality of Service (QoS) for safety applications, necessitating algorithms that detect and mitigate interference by dynamically adjusting scheduling. Existing algorithms struggle with Doppler shift effects, interference, and predicting network patterns, prompting the exploration of an Intelligent Downlink Scheduling (IDS) scheme based on Support Vector Machines (SVM) for highspeed LTE-V networks. This work focuses on the optimization of the resource allocation, improving spectral efficiency, and predicting network congestion. Leveraging machine learning and optimization, it addresses challenges posed by varying vehicle densities, mobility patterns, and QoS needs. Extensive simulations show the IDS's superiority, significantly enhancing throughput and reducing BER. The improved throughput signifies reduced data loss in scheduling queues, while lower BER indicates enhanced received data post-scheduling. The IDS facilitates real-time decision-making and data-driven insights, ideal for managing and optimizing downlink scheduling in dynamic Long-Term Evolution-Vehicle (LTE-V) networks. Simulation results demonstrate a substantial 13 dB improvement over the best CQI scheduler at a 10-4 BER and a 24 Mbps increase at a 20 dB SNR for a vehicle density of 40, showcasing the IDS's performance enhancements.

In the Beyond-5G (B5G) and sixth generation (6G), several advanced techniques are based on high-f... more In the Beyond-5G (B5G) and sixth generation (6G), several advanced techniques are based on high-frequency millimeter-wave wireless communications. This paper proposes the design of a novel B5G and 6G wireless radio access network (RAN) architecture. This architecture aims to be a key enabling factor for significantly increasing network capacity, promoting the deployment of new services, and integrating with the evolution of the previous cellular wireless access network architecture. Furthermore, the proposed architecture is adaptable to the various characteristics of high-frequency millimeter-wave communication. It leverages on the allocation of each layer resources of the different networks for more efficient deployment.

Journal of Communications, 2024

The rapid expansion of vehicular communication systems emphasizes the integration of LTE-V networ... more The rapid expansion of vehicular communication systems emphasizes the integration of LTE-V networks, crucial for applications like road safety, traffic management, and infotainment. High-speed scenarios demand efficient downlink scheduling due to constantly changing channel conditions influenced by factors like throughput and Bit Error Rate (BER). Mobility-induced channel variations lead to signal quality fluctuations, interference, and congestion. LTE-V networks require robust Quality of Service (QoS) for safety applications, necessitating algorithms that detect and mitigate interference by dynamically adjusting scheduling. Existing algorithms struggle with Doppler shift effects, interference, and predicting network patterns, prompting the exploration of an Intelligent Downlink Scheduling (IDS) scheme based on Support Vector Machines (SVM) for highspeed LTE-V networks. This work focuses on the optimization of the resource allocation, improving spectral efficiency, and predicting network congestion. Leveraging machine learning and optimization, it addresses challenges posed by varying vehicle densities, mobility patterns, and QoS needs. Extensive simulations show the IDS's superiority, significantly enhancing throughput and reducing BER. The improved throughput signifies reduced data loss in scheduling queues, while lower BER indicates enhanced received data post-scheduling. The IDS facilitates real-time decision-making and data-driven insights, ideal for managing and optimizing downlink scheduling in dynamic Long-Term Evolution-Vehicle (LTE-V) networks. Simulation results demonstrate a substantial 13 dB improvement over the best CQI scheduler at a 10-4 BER and a 24 Mbps increase at a 20 dB SNR for a vehicle density of 40, showcasing the IDS's performance enhancements.

IEEE, 2024

In the Beyond-5G (B5G) and sixth generation (6G), several advanced techniques are based on high-f... more In the Beyond-5G (B5G) and sixth generation (6G), several advanced techniques are based on high-frequency millimeter-wave wireless communications. This paper proposes the design of a novel B5G and 6G wireless radio access network (RAN) architecture. This architecture aims to be a key enabling factor for significantly increasing network capacity, promoting the deployment of new services, and integrating with the evolution of the previous cellular wireless access network architecture. Furthermore, the proposed architecture is adaptable to the various characteristics of high-frequency millimeter-wave communication. It leverages on the allocation of each layer resources of the different networks for more efficient deployment.

2023 5th International Congress on Human-Computer Interaction, Optimization and Robotic Applications (HORA)

2022 International Symposium on Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies (ISMSIT)

In the case of state quantizers for MIMO nonlinear block-triangular pure-feedback systems, there ... more In the case of state quantizers for MIMO nonlinear block-triangular pure-feedback systems, there is a certain sort of uncertainty that may be tolerated, we describe a quantized state feedback tracking mechanism. All state variables that may be measured for feedback are thought to benefit from uniform quantizers. In this study, we focus on the problem of tracking of output for a certain kind of MIMO nonlinear systems composed of interconnected modules with widely varying degrees of uncertainty. To begin, the total disturbance in the subsystems' control channels is refined to account for all uncertainties impacting the performance of the controlled outputs, such as internal unmodeled dynamics, external disturbances, and unknown nonlinear interactions between subsystems. It is shown that the total disturbance level is low enough for a real-time estimate to be made by an extended state observer (ESO) utilising the observed outputs from the separate subsystems. Stability study of the closed-loop system with quantized state feedback is also performed using the Lyapunov stability theorem. Finally, illustrative simulation examples, such as a network of inverted pendulums, are shown to prove that the suggested control approach works as intended.

2022 International Symposium on Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies (ISMSIT)

One area of study that has gained popularity recently is communication technology. Due to the exp... more One area of study that has gained popularity recently is communication technology. Due to the exponential growth in data transfer rates, optical fibre communication (OFC) is the only viable solution. The OFC technology provides extremely high bandwidth and rates of up to several gigabits per second. Optical fibre can carry a lot of data while being quite lightweight. Unfortunately, attenuation, dispersion, and nonlinearity are all phenomena of optical fibre transmission systems that might increase fibre signals. Rather of relying on dispersive effects, an improved approach lies in the use of optical solitons. Different from non-soliton communication systems, solitons do not grow in size as the distance between nodes increases. This research compares and contrasts the efficiency of solitons and non-solitons in fibres. By comparing the eye diagrams and bit error rates, we may deduce that soli-ton-based fibre systems are the most distortion-free, whereas non-soliton-based fibre systems exhibit some level of background noise.

Journal of Communications, 2020

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) is an important field of study nowadays. VANETs attracts atten... more Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) is an important field of study nowadays. VANETs attracts attention of vehicles communication researcher due to its potential to improve vehicle road safety, enhance traffic and travel efficiency, and provide convenience and comfort for passengers and drivers. Due to the fact that modern life, especially when travelling in vehicles, is in need for high throughput, this paper investigates the Block Error Rate (BLER) and throughput performance of vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication between LTE node and vehicles in urban-low environment using two different stochastic channel model used urban-low areas because urban-low speed areas is the common road situation for a large number of users require connection with LTE node. Vehicle-to-Infrastructure - Urban (V2I-U) is used in urban areas and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure – Urban Small intersection (V2I-US) channel model, used as a reference model, has the largest maximum excess delay near to the 3GPP...

2022 International Symposium on Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies (ISMSIT), 2022

In the case of state quantizers for MIMO nonlinear block-triangular pure-feedback systems, there ... more In the case of state quantizers for MIMO nonlinear block-triangular pure-feedback systems, there is a certain sort of uncertainty that may be tolerated, we describe a quantized state feedback tracking mechanism. All state variables that may be measured for feedback are thought to benefit from uniform quantizers. In this study, we focus on the problem of tracking of output for a certain kind of MIMO nonlinear systems composed of interconnected modules with widely varying degrees of uncertainty. To begin, the total disturbance in the subsystems' control channels is refined to account for all uncertainties impacting the performance of the controlled outputs, such as internal unmodeled dynamics, external disturbances, and unknown nonlinear interactions between subsystems. It is shown that the total disturbance level is low enough for a real-time estimate to be made by an extended state observer (ESO) utilising the observed outputs from the separate subsystems. Stability study of the closed-loop system with quantized state feedback is also performed using the Lyapunov stability theorem. Finally, illustrative simulation examples, such as a network of inverted pendulums, are shown to prove that the suggested control approach works as intended.

2022 International Congress on Human-Computer Interaction, Optimization and Robotic Applications (HORA)

The growth demand in wireless communication and its application leads to a great effort should be... more The growth demand in wireless communication and its application leads to a great effort should be into researcher's consideration to meet the future requirement of wireless network architecture. It's expected that the traffic will reaches multiple of hundreds than this in nowadays and to increase the capacity of the network with high and efficient energy efficiency. This can be reached by the use of small cell configuration like micro and pico cells, and use massive MIMO (Massive Multiple-input Multiple-output) with lowcost components which are prone to hardware impairments. This configuration leads to high energy efficiency for large number of base stations and user density. This article focuses in simulating an area covered by random deployment of small cells to serve hundreds of users in the simulation area. The results show that the (Energy efficiency) decreases as the SINR values increases, which is why it is important to specify a target SINR; otherwise the energy efficiency maximizing operation point might be very spectrally inefficient, and the efficient energy can be greatly improved by increasing the base station density, meaning that small cells are a promising solution for maximal energy efficiency deployment.

2022 International Symposium on Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies (ISMSIT), 2022

One area of study that has gained popularity recently is communication technology. Due to the exp... more One area of study that has gained popularity recently is communication technology. Due to the exponential growth in data transfer rates, optical fibre communication (OFC) is the only viable solution. The OFC technology provides extremely high bandwidth and rates of up to several gigabits per second. Optical fibre can carry a lot of data while being quite lightweight. Unfortunately, attenuation, dispersion, and nonlinearity are all phenomena of optical fibre transmission systems that might increase fibre signals. Rather of relying on dispersive effects, an improved approach lies in the use of optical solitons. Different from non-soliton communication systems, solitons do not grow in size as the distance between nodes increases. This research compares and contrasts the efficiency of solitons and non-solitons in fibres. By comparing the eye diagrams and bit error rates, we may deduce that soli-ton-based fibre systems are the most distortion-free, whereas non-soliton-based fibre systems exhibit some level of background noise.

2022 International Congress on Human-Computer Interaction, Optimization and Robotic Applications (HORA), 2022

The growth demand in wireless communication and its application leads to a great effort should be... more The growth demand in wireless communication and its application leads to a great effort should be into researcher's consideration to meet the future requirement of wireless network architecture. It's expected that the traffic will reaches multiple of hundreds than this in nowadays and to increase the capacity of the network with high and efficient energy efficiency. This can be reached by the use of small cell configuration like micro and pico cells, and use massive MIMO (Massive Multiple-input Multiple-output) with lowcost components which are prone to hardware impairments. This configuration leads to high energy efficiency for large number of base stations and user density. This article focuses in simulating an area covered by random deployment of small cells to serve hundreds of users in the simulation area. The results show that the (Energy efficiency) decreases as the SINR values increases, which is why it is important to specify a target SINR; otherwise the energy efficiency maximizing operation point might be very spectrally inefficient, and the efficient energy can be greatly improved by increasing the base station density, meaning that small cells are a promising solution for maximal energy efficiency deployment.

Journal of Optoelectronics Laser, 2022

In this study, optical effects occurring in the plasma region inside the luminous discharge lamps... more In this study, optical effects occurring in the plasma region inside the luminous discharge lamps (GDD) were investigated. changes in radiation due to millimeter wave radiation and external electromagnetic field observed and measured. In optical radiation when millimeter wave (MD) is applied alone It is seen that the effect seen is around 3% relatively. With the effect of electromagnetic field (EM) There is a 5% increase in radiation. Application of a 600 Gauss magnetic field increased the sensitivity of optical radiation to millimeter wave radiation by 0.4 dB. More It is planned to test high magnetic field values.

2021 International Conference on Communication & Information Technology (ICICT), Oct 26, 2021

Through the new wireless generation, technology is required to composition the fifth generation b... more Through the new wireless generation, technology is required to composition the fifth generation base station and the configuration of all of that base station This procedure takes into account many qualifications, such as Electromagnetic Fields levels radiated by means of the installed base station. the scientist developed many technologies, including theses five major technology, the utilize each of small cells, massive multiple-input, multiple-output, device to device communication, Machine-to-machine communication, and of millimeter Wave band. each one of these technologies have to designed with a constrain of (EMF) aware with a view to promote the network performance. This paper provides an elaborate survey concerning the fifth-generation network and relating to the prospect health peril related with Electromagnetic Fields exposure and the various metrics that are actually utilized for estimating the impacts of this sort of exposition on the public. likewise, challenges are illustrated and several EMF constraints are mentioned. This paper as well reviews the probable impacts of new 5G technologies (mm wave) exposure on human body together with focusing on physiological impacts (human skin) and biological impact (immune system).

This study is carried out to manage the link stability for the Software-Defined Vehicular Network... more This study is carried out to manage the link stability for the Software-Defined Vehicular Networks (SDVN) to have fast response SDN, cost-effective communication, and high-speed link with maximum throughput, high Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) and very low latency to be used in mmwave systems as one of the 5G technologies.

Journal of Communications, 2020

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) is an important field of study nowadays. VANETs attracts the a... more Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) is an important field of study nowadays. VANETs attracts the attention of vehicles communication researcher due to its potential to improve vehicle road safety, enhance traffic and travel efficiency, and provide convenience and comfort for passengers and drivers. Due to the fact that modern life, especially when travelling in vehicles, is in need for high throughput, this paper investigates the Block Error Rate (BLER) and throughput performance of vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication between LTE node and vehicles in an urban-low environment using two different stochastic channel model used urban-low areas because urban-low speed areas are the common road situation for a large number of users require connection with LTE node. Vehicle-to-Infrastructure-Urban (V2I-U) is used in urban areas and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure-Urban Small intersection (V2I-US) channel model, used as a reference model, has the largest maximum excess delay near to the 3GPP Extended Vehicular A (EVA) channel model. The performed simulation is done at low speed, 40 km/h in 10 MHz bandwidth for the 2.6 GHz carrier frequency. Results show that V2I-U meets the highest value in the throughput that reaches 20 Mbps as those obtained from the EVA one without a huge effect on the BLER. This result can be attributed to the fact of using Line-of-Sight (LoS) which leads to less dispersion of the frequency and less Doppler frequency shift.

Journal of Communications, 2020

Modern wireless communication like 5G systems are expected to serve a wider range of scenarios th... more Modern wireless communication like 5G systems are expected to serve a wider range of scenarios than current mobile communications systems. One of the major network applications related to 5G is Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication that improves vehicle road safety, enhances traffic and travel efficiency, and provides convenience and comfort for passengers and drivers. However, supporting high mobility is a challenge on the air interface. Accordingly, more multicar modulation as multiple access is used to enhance the connection between vehicles and to overcome this challenge. In this paper, two multicarrier modulations are simulated. The first one is the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) while the second one is the Filter Bank Multi-Carrier with Offset Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (FBMC/OQAM) which is called FBMC. Simulation results show that all waveforms have comparable BER performance. The throughput of the FBMC is greater than the OFDM and the spectral efficiency is increased according to the use of the OQAM modulation. The FBMC throughput reaches 5 Mbps while the OFDM reaches 4 Mbps; these results are due to the higher usable bandwidth and because of using filters in FBMC which reduces the effect of Cyclic Prefix (CP) on the signal especially when CP is large in OFDM.
Index Terms: Multicarrier, V2V, 5G, OFDM, FBMC

researchgate, 2019

Network and Internet applications are growing very fast since the need to secure these applicatio... more Network and Internet applications are growing very fast since the need to secure these applications are very fast. For this purpose cryptography algorithms (symmetric & Asymmetric) are proposed. The use of relevant algorithm deals with the level of data safety in the cloud because data security in cloud computing is a serious issue as the data centres are located worldwide. Authentication is the most essential procedure to ensure cloud data in a secured manner. However, strong user authentication is the main requirement for cloud computing that reduces the unauthorized user access of data on the cloud. Data security is a more important issue in cloud computing. Thus, the need to ensure the safety of the information that is exchanged between the users and the cloud became more significant. Many security and authentication techniques have been proposed to secure the exchanged data. These techniques aim to keep the authentication, privacy and reliability levels of data. Here in this survey paper, some algorithms in cloud computing are discussed.

Journal of communications, Mar 1, 2024

The rapid expansion of vehicular communication systems emphasizes the integration of LTE-V networ... more The rapid expansion of vehicular communication systems emphasizes the integration of LTE-V networks, crucial for applications like road safety, traffic management, and infotainment. High-speed scenarios demand efficient downlink scheduling due to constantly changing channel conditions influenced by factors like throughput and Bit Error Rate (BER). Mobility-induced channel variations lead to signal quality fluctuations, interference, and congestion. LTE-V networks require robust Quality of Service (QoS) for safety applications, necessitating algorithms that detect and mitigate interference by dynamically adjusting scheduling. Existing algorithms struggle with Doppler shift effects, interference, and predicting network patterns, prompting the exploration of an Intelligent Downlink Scheduling (IDS) scheme based on Support Vector Machines (SVM) for highspeed LTE-V networks. This work focuses on the optimization of the resource allocation, improving spectral efficiency, and predicting network congestion. Leveraging machine learning and optimization, it addresses challenges posed by varying vehicle densities, mobility patterns, and QoS needs. Extensive simulations show the IDS's superiority, significantly enhancing throughput and reducing BER. The improved throughput signifies reduced data loss in scheduling queues, while lower BER indicates enhanced received data post-scheduling. The IDS facilitates real-time decision-making and data-driven insights, ideal for managing and optimizing downlink scheduling in dynamic Long-Term Evolution-Vehicle (LTE-V) networks. Simulation results demonstrate a substantial 13 dB improvement over the best CQI scheduler at a 10-4 BER and a 24 Mbps increase at a 20 dB SNR for a vehicle density of 40, showcasing the IDS's performance enhancements.

In the Beyond-5G (B5G) and sixth generation (6G), several advanced techniques are based on high-f... more In the Beyond-5G (B5G) and sixth generation (6G), several advanced techniques are based on high-frequency millimeter-wave wireless communications. This paper proposes the design of a novel B5G and 6G wireless radio access network (RAN) architecture. This architecture aims to be a key enabling factor for significantly increasing network capacity, promoting the deployment of new services, and integrating with the evolution of the previous cellular wireless access network architecture. Furthermore, the proposed architecture is adaptable to the various characteristics of high-frequency millimeter-wave communication. It leverages on the allocation of each layer resources of the different networks for more efficient deployment.

Journal of Communications, 2024

The rapid expansion of vehicular communication systems emphasizes the integration of LTE-V networ... more The rapid expansion of vehicular communication systems emphasizes the integration of LTE-V networks, crucial for applications like road safety, traffic management, and infotainment. High-speed scenarios demand efficient downlink scheduling due to constantly changing channel conditions influenced by factors like throughput and Bit Error Rate (BER). Mobility-induced channel variations lead to signal quality fluctuations, interference, and congestion. LTE-V networks require robust Quality of Service (QoS) for safety applications, necessitating algorithms that detect and mitigate interference by dynamically adjusting scheduling. Existing algorithms struggle with Doppler shift effects, interference, and predicting network patterns, prompting the exploration of an Intelligent Downlink Scheduling (IDS) scheme based on Support Vector Machines (SVM) for highspeed LTE-V networks. This work focuses on the optimization of the resource allocation, improving spectral efficiency, and predicting network congestion. Leveraging machine learning and optimization, it addresses challenges posed by varying vehicle densities, mobility patterns, and QoS needs. Extensive simulations show the IDS's superiority, significantly enhancing throughput and reducing BER. The improved throughput signifies reduced data loss in scheduling queues, while lower BER indicates enhanced received data post-scheduling. The IDS facilitates real-time decision-making and data-driven insights, ideal for managing and optimizing downlink scheduling in dynamic Long-Term Evolution-Vehicle (LTE-V) networks. Simulation results demonstrate a substantial 13 dB improvement over the best CQI scheduler at a 10-4 BER and a 24 Mbps increase at a 20 dB SNR for a vehicle density of 40, showcasing the IDS's performance enhancements.

IEEE, 2024

In the Beyond-5G (B5G) and sixth generation (6G), several advanced techniques are based on high-f... more In the Beyond-5G (B5G) and sixth generation (6G), several advanced techniques are based on high-frequency millimeter-wave wireless communications. This paper proposes the design of a novel B5G and 6G wireless radio access network (RAN) architecture. This architecture aims to be a key enabling factor for significantly increasing network capacity, promoting the deployment of new services, and integrating with the evolution of the previous cellular wireless access network architecture. Furthermore, the proposed architecture is adaptable to the various characteristics of high-frequency millimeter-wave communication. It leverages on the allocation of each layer resources of the different networks for more efficient deployment.

2023 5th International Congress on Human-Computer Interaction, Optimization and Robotic Applications (HORA)

2022 International Symposium on Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies (ISMSIT)

In the case of state quantizers for MIMO nonlinear block-triangular pure-feedback systems, there ... more In the case of state quantizers for MIMO nonlinear block-triangular pure-feedback systems, there is a certain sort of uncertainty that may be tolerated, we describe a quantized state feedback tracking mechanism. All state variables that may be measured for feedback are thought to benefit from uniform quantizers. In this study, we focus on the problem of tracking of output for a certain kind of MIMO nonlinear systems composed of interconnected modules with widely varying degrees of uncertainty. To begin, the total disturbance in the subsystems' control channels is refined to account for all uncertainties impacting the performance of the controlled outputs, such as internal unmodeled dynamics, external disturbances, and unknown nonlinear interactions between subsystems. It is shown that the total disturbance level is low enough for a real-time estimate to be made by an extended state observer (ESO) utilising the observed outputs from the separate subsystems. Stability study of the closed-loop system with quantized state feedback is also performed using the Lyapunov stability theorem. Finally, illustrative simulation examples, such as a network of inverted pendulums, are shown to prove that the suggested control approach works as intended.

2022 International Symposium on Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies (ISMSIT)

One area of study that has gained popularity recently is communication technology. Due to the exp... more One area of study that has gained popularity recently is communication technology. Due to the exponential growth in data transfer rates, optical fibre communication (OFC) is the only viable solution. The OFC technology provides extremely high bandwidth and rates of up to several gigabits per second. Optical fibre can carry a lot of data while being quite lightweight. Unfortunately, attenuation, dispersion, and nonlinearity are all phenomena of optical fibre transmission systems that might increase fibre signals. Rather of relying on dispersive effects, an improved approach lies in the use of optical solitons. Different from non-soliton communication systems, solitons do not grow in size as the distance between nodes increases. This research compares and contrasts the efficiency of solitons and non-solitons in fibres. By comparing the eye diagrams and bit error rates, we may deduce that soli-ton-based fibre systems are the most distortion-free, whereas non-soliton-based fibre systems exhibit some level of background noise.

Journal of Communications, 2020

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) is an important field of study nowadays. VANETs attracts atten... more Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) is an important field of study nowadays. VANETs attracts attention of vehicles communication researcher due to its potential to improve vehicle road safety, enhance traffic and travel efficiency, and provide convenience and comfort for passengers and drivers. Due to the fact that modern life, especially when travelling in vehicles, is in need for high throughput, this paper investigates the Block Error Rate (BLER) and throughput performance of vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication between LTE node and vehicles in urban-low environment using two different stochastic channel model used urban-low areas because urban-low speed areas is the common road situation for a large number of users require connection with LTE node. Vehicle-to-Infrastructure - Urban (V2I-U) is used in urban areas and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure – Urban Small intersection (V2I-US) channel model, used as a reference model, has the largest maximum excess delay near to the 3GPP...

2022 International Symposium on Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies (ISMSIT), 2022

In the case of state quantizers for MIMO nonlinear block-triangular pure-feedback systems, there ... more In the case of state quantizers for MIMO nonlinear block-triangular pure-feedback systems, there is a certain sort of uncertainty that may be tolerated, we describe a quantized state feedback tracking mechanism. All state variables that may be measured for feedback are thought to benefit from uniform quantizers. In this study, we focus on the problem of tracking of output for a certain kind of MIMO nonlinear systems composed of interconnected modules with widely varying degrees of uncertainty. To begin, the total disturbance in the subsystems' control channels is refined to account for all uncertainties impacting the performance of the controlled outputs, such as internal unmodeled dynamics, external disturbances, and unknown nonlinear interactions between subsystems. It is shown that the total disturbance level is low enough for a real-time estimate to be made by an extended state observer (ESO) utilising the observed outputs from the separate subsystems. Stability study of the closed-loop system with quantized state feedback is also performed using the Lyapunov stability theorem. Finally, illustrative simulation examples, such as a network of inverted pendulums, are shown to prove that the suggested control approach works as intended.

2022 International Congress on Human-Computer Interaction, Optimization and Robotic Applications (HORA)

The growth demand in wireless communication and its application leads to a great effort should be... more The growth demand in wireless communication and its application leads to a great effort should be into researcher's consideration to meet the future requirement of wireless network architecture. It's expected that the traffic will reaches multiple of hundreds than this in nowadays and to increase the capacity of the network with high and efficient energy efficiency. This can be reached by the use of small cell configuration like micro and pico cells, and use massive MIMO (Massive Multiple-input Multiple-output) with lowcost components which are prone to hardware impairments. This configuration leads to high energy efficiency for large number of base stations and user density. This article focuses in simulating an area covered by random deployment of small cells to serve hundreds of users in the simulation area. The results show that the (Energy efficiency) decreases as the SINR values increases, which is why it is important to specify a target SINR; otherwise the energy efficiency maximizing operation point might be very spectrally inefficient, and the efficient energy can be greatly improved by increasing the base station density, meaning that small cells are a promising solution for maximal energy efficiency deployment.

2022 International Symposium on Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies (ISMSIT), 2022

One area of study that has gained popularity recently is communication technology. Due to the exp... more One area of study that has gained popularity recently is communication technology. Due to the exponential growth in data transfer rates, optical fibre communication (OFC) is the only viable solution. The OFC technology provides extremely high bandwidth and rates of up to several gigabits per second. Optical fibre can carry a lot of data while being quite lightweight. Unfortunately, attenuation, dispersion, and nonlinearity are all phenomena of optical fibre transmission systems that might increase fibre signals. Rather of relying on dispersive effects, an improved approach lies in the use of optical solitons. Different from non-soliton communication systems, solitons do not grow in size as the distance between nodes increases. This research compares and contrasts the efficiency of solitons and non-solitons in fibres. By comparing the eye diagrams and bit error rates, we may deduce that soli-ton-based fibre systems are the most distortion-free, whereas non-soliton-based fibre systems exhibit some level of background noise.

2022 International Congress on Human-Computer Interaction, Optimization and Robotic Applications (HORA), 2022

The growth demand in wireless communication and its application leads to a great effort should be... more The growth demand in wireless communication and its application leads to a great effort should be into researcher's consideration to meet the future requirement of wireless network architecture. It's expected that the traffic will reaches multiple of hundreds than this in nowadays and to increase the capacity of the network with high and efficient energy efficiency. This can be reached by the use of small cell configuration like micro and pico cells, and use massive MIMO (Massive Multiple-input Multiple-output) with lowcost components which are prone to hardware impairments. This configuration leads to high energy efficiency for large number of base stations and user density. This article focuses in simulating an area covered by random deployment of small cells to serve hundreds of users in the simulation area. The results show that the (Energy efficiency) decreases as the SINR values increases, which is why it is important to specify a target SINR; otherwise the energy efficiency maximizing operation point might be very spectrally inefficient, and the efficient energy can be greatly improved by increasing the base station density, meaning that small cells are a promising solution for maximal energy efficiency deployment.

Journal of Optoelectronics Laser, 2022

In this study, optical effects occurring in the plasma region inside the luminous discharge lamps... more In this study, optical effects occurring in the plasma region inside the luminous discharge lamps (GDD) were investigated. changes in radiation due to millimeter wave radiation and external electromagnetic field observed and measured. In optical radiation when millimeter wave (MD) is applied alone It is seen that the effect seen is around 3% relatively. With the effect of electromagnetic field (EM) There is a 5% increase in radiation. Application of a 600 Gauss magnetic field increased the sensitivity of optical radiation to millimeter wave radiation by 0.4 dB. More It is planned to test high magnetic field values.

2021 International Conference on Communication & Information Technology (ICICT), Oct 26, 2021

Through the new wireless generation, technology is required to composition the fifth generation b... more Through the new wireless generation, technology is required to composition the fifth generation base station and the configuration of all of that base station This procedure takes into account many qualifications, such as Electromagnetic Fields levels radiated by means of the installed base station. the scientist developed many technologies, including theses five major technology, the utilize each of small cells, massive multiple-input, multiple-output, device to device communication, Machine-to-machine communication, and of millimeter Wave band. each one of these technologies have to designed with a constrain of (EMF) aware with a view to promote the network performance. This paper provides an elaborate survey concerning the fifth-generation network and relating to the prospect health peril related with Electromagnetic Fields exposure and the various metrics that are actually utilized for estimating the impacts of this sort of exposition on the public. likewise, challenges are illustrated and several EMF constraints are mentioned. This paper as well reviews the probable impacts of new 5G technologies (mm wave) exposure on human body together with focusing on physiological impacts (human skin) and biological impact (immune system).

This study is carried out to manage the link stability for the Software-Defined Vehicular Network... more This study is carried out to manage the link stability for the Software-Defined Vehicular Networks (SDVN) to have fast response SDN, cost-effective communication, and high-speed link with maximum throughput, high Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR) and very low latency to be used in mmwave systems as one of the 5G technologies.

Journal of Communications, 2020

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) is an important field of study nowadays. VANETs attracts the a... more Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) is an important field of study nowadays. VANETs attracts the attention of vehicles communication researcher due to its potential to improve vehicle road safety, enhance traffic and travel efficiency, and provide convenience and comfort for passengers and drivers. Due to the fact that modern life, especially when travelling in vehicles, is in need for high throughput, this paper investigates the Block Error Rate (BLER) and throughput performance of vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication between LTE node and vehicles in an urban-low environment using two different stochastic channel model used urban-low areas because urban-low speed areas are the common road situation for a large number of users require connection with LTE node. Vehicle-to-Infrastructure-Urban (V2I-U) is used in urban areas and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure-Urban Small intersection (V2I-US) channel model, used as a reference model, has the largest maximum excess delay near to the 3GPP Extended Vehicular A (EVA) channel model. The performed simulation is done at low speed, 40 km/h in 10 MHz bandwidth for the 2.6 GHz carrier frequency. Results show that V2I-U meets the highest value in the throughput that reaches 20 Mbps as those obtained from the EVA one without a huge effect on the BLER. This result can be attributed to the fact of using Line-of-Sight (LoS) which leads to less dispersion of the frequency and less Doppler frequency shift.

Journal of Communications, 2020

Modern wireless communication like 5G systems are expected to serve a wider range of scenarios th... more Modern wireless communication like 5G systems are expected to serve a wider range of scenarios than current mobile communications systems. One of the major network applications related to 5G is Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication that improves vehicle road safety, enhances traffic and travel efficiency, and provides convenience and comfort for passengers and drivers. However, supporting high mobility is a challenge on the air interface. Accordingly, more multicar modulation as multiple access is used to enhance the connection between vehicles and to overcome this challenge. In this paper, two multicarrier modulations are simulated. The first one is the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) while the second one is the Filter Bank Multi-Carrier with Offset Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (FBMC/OQAM) which is called FBMC. Simulation results show that all waveforms have comparable BER performance. The throughput of the FBMC is greater than the OFDM and the spectral efficiency is increased according to the use of the OQAM modulation. The FBMC throughput reaches 5 Mbps while the OFDM reaches 4 Mbps; these results are due to the higher usable bandwidth and because of using filters in FBMC which reduces the effect of Cyclic Prefix (CP) on the signal especially when CP is large in OFDM.
Index Terms: Multicarrier, V2V, 5G, OFDM, FBMC

researchgate, 2019

Network and Internet applications are growing very fast since the need to secure these applicatio... more Network and Internet applications are growing very fast since the need to secure these applications are very fast. For this purpose cryptography algorithms (symmetric & Asymmetric) are proposed. The use of relevant algorithm deals with the level of data safety in the cloud because data security in cloud computing is a serious issue as the data centres are located worldwide. Authentication is the most essential procedure to ensure cloud data in a secured manner. However, strong user authentication is the main requirement for cloud computing that reduces the unauthorized user access of data on the cloud. Data security is a more important issue in cloud computing. Thus, the need to ensure the safety of the information that is exchanged between the users and the cloud became more significant. Many security and authentication techniques have been proposed to secure the exchanged data. These techniques aim to keep the authentication, privacy and reliability levels of data. Here in this survey paper, some algorithms in cloud computing are discussed.

Safe driving is essential for both community and automotive manufactures since it reduces the hum... more Safe driving is essential for both community and automotive manufactures since it reduces the human death numbers and accidents cost. Many modules and applications are developed recently to increase the safety factor through driving. An automatic brake system that adapts the brake pressure based on inter-vehicle distance and speed is proposed in this project. The proposed fuzzy control performs significantly as the distance decrease reaching the dead zone. We consider the too close distance is the dominator in our design. Finally, comparing our design with another one in the literature shows that they are close together.
The main problem of this project is as follows:
• Human driving, which involves reaction times, delays, and judgment errors are not enough to avoid emergency braking or road accidents.
• Moreover, and in many such cases, the cause of the accident is driver distraction and failure to react in time.
• So, in this project, we design human free brake system that maintains both the vehicle speed and inter-vehicle distance, to automatically decelerate the vehicle on urgent demands by controlling the brake force pressure.