Akhtar Baloch | University of Karachi (original) (raw)
Papers by Akhtar Baloch
Advances in human resources management and organizational development book series, Feb 20, 2023
Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies
Gomal University Journal of Research, Dec 31, 2014
Social Science Research Network, Oct 1, 2014
Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies, 2018
The global war on terror has created a human rights dilemma for the most marginalised groups in s... more The global war on terror has created a human rights dilemma for the most marginalised groups in societies. In a highly patriarchal society like Pakistan, this dilemma is further magnified due to the lack of focus on human rights problems it creates for subsections of society that do not have equal access to mainstream resources, such as women. This paper seeks to identify the human rights issues created due to terrorism and counter-terrorism from a gendered perspective in the context of women in Swat, Pakistan. Secondary data analysis has been used as a research methodology, and the Feminist Theory has been applied as the theoretical framework. Findings reveal that women in Swat have suffered human rights abuses in the economic, social and cultural context far more than men, and continue to suffer from psychological problems. The militant activity in Swat altered the mindset of women towards terrorism, creating women militants. The paper concludes that women in Swat suffered severe human rights abuses to their economic, social and cultural freedoms, and were not beneficiary to adequate rehabilitation initiatives, leaving emotional and mental after-effects on these women.
Keywords: Terrorism; Counter-Terrorism; Human Rights; Women.
Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies, 2019
This study was conducted to discover the impact of work-life conflict on organizational commitmen... more This study was conducted to discover the impact of work-life conflict on
organizational commitment of female faculty at private universities in Karachi,
Pakistan. To test association between the two variables, correlation was used. The
results were further corroborated by the use of contingency table. The target
population was permanently employed female faculty of private universities. The
study was done through interviews and questionnaire survey. The method employed
for this purpose wast-test of correlation and chi-square test of association. The study
revealed that faculty members at private universities in Karachi had time-based
conflict but they did not have strain-based and behaviour-based Conflict. The female
faculty were committed to their organizations and the affective commitment showed
higher result than continuance and normative commitment. The study reveals that
there exists a weak association between two critical variables i.e. work-life conflicts
and organizational commitment.
Keywords: Work- Life Conflict, Organizational Commitment, Female Faculty.
ISSRA Papers, 2018
This paper attempts to investigate the prevalence of interpersonal workplace aggression (IWA), or... more This paper attempts to investigate the prevalence of interpersonal workplace aggression (IWA), organisational citizenship behaviours (OCBs) and counterproductive work behaviours (CWBs) among employees in Pakistani organisations. Interpersonal workplace aggression, organisational citizenship behaviours and counterproductive work behaviours were measured through adopted instruments after establishing the validity of measures. The population of the study included private sector organisations in Pakistan. Data was collected by administering close-ended questionnaires to a sample of 123 respondents selected through convenience sampling design. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, correlation and multiple regressions statistical tools. The results indicated significant positive relationship between IWA and counterproductive work behaviours, whereas significant negative relationship was found between organisational citizenship behaviours and counterproductive work behaviours. The study’s implications, limitations and directions for future studies are discussed.
Key Words: Interpersonal Workplace Aggression, Counterproductive Work Behaviours, Organisational Citizenship Behaviours.
IBT Journal of Business Studies
Talent' has become a popular term amongst academicians and practitioners during the last two ... more Talent' has become a popular term amongst academicians and practitioners during the last two decades. A general problem, despite this increased interest on “Talent”, is that the construct of Talent and Talent Management lack theoretical vigor and standardized definition. The aim of this paper is to make a contribution to the literature on “Talent” and “Talent Management” by a critical review of the construct of “Talent”. The evolution of the definition of the term “Talent” was traced through different time periods starting from the Biblical Times when talent was used for a very large sum of money to the present times when it is considered as a cognitive ability. A philological perspective was also taken to identify the roots of different approaches towards “Talent” in speakers of different languages and terms, that are interchangeably used in lieu of Talent were also explored. Different definitions of the term “Talent Management” were analyzed to understand the different approac...
European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 2015
This paper aims at exploring the political economy of Balochistan and the underlying causes of so... more This paper aims at exploring the political economy of Balochistan and the underlying causes of social and economic development of the province. The paper presents a brief and critical account on the historical development of the Baloch nation and nationhood. The paper argues that The Baloch notwithstanding having a huge and resourceful land has failed to keep the pace of socio-economic development and modernity with other fellow nations in the region. After the independence of Pakistan and the formation of Balochistan as a province of Pakistan, the Baloch because of her political disorganization and economic backwardness failed to exert herself within the federation to grab the resource share. The story of economic and social backwardness of the Baloch and Balochistan is a multifaceted puzzle. A section of the Baloch nationalists believe that the centralist nature of Pakistani federation is such that small nationalities like the Baloch would find it hard to accommodate within the fe...
This article investigates the impact of traditional and modern training programs on the overall p... more This article investigates the impact of traditional and modern training programs on the overall performance and commitment to employees in public banking sector of Pakistan. Additionally, the study examines the relationship between antecedents of organizational commitment and job satisfaction. Bank of Khyber, First Women Bank, National Bank of Pakistan, Sindh Bank, and The Bank of Punjab are currently operating public banks in Pakistan. Thus, all five considered in this study using strata sampling technique. Total 26 Branch Managers participated in interviews whereas 292 completed survey questionnaire. Results showed modern T&D methods preferred by contractual employees whereas permanent employees prefer traditional methods of training and development. Moreover, T&D significantly affect the continuance commitment (CC) of female employees whereas salary increment enhances males' normative commitment (NC) and affective commitment (AC). Additionally, both modern and traditional T&D...
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, Nov 4, 2017
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences
Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies
The global war on terror has created a human rights dilemma for the mostmarginalised groups in so... more The global war on terror has created a human rights dilemma for the mostmarginalised groups in societies. In a highly patriarchal society like Pakistan, this dilemma is further magnified due to the lack of focus on human rights problems it creates for subsections of society that do not have equal access to mainstream resources, such as women. This paper seeks to identify the human rights issues created due to terrorism and counter-terrorism from a gendered perspective in the context of women in Swat, Pakistan. Secondary data analysis has been used as a research methodology, and the Feminist Theory has been applied as the theoretical framework. Findings reveal that women in Swat have suffered human rights abuses in the economic, social and cultural context far more than men, and continue to suffer from psychological problems. The militant activity in Swat altered the mindset of women towards terrorism, creating women militants. The paper concludes that women in Swat suffered severe h...
Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies
Pakistan Journal of Engineering, Technology & Science
Aggregate Real Private Consumption (ARPC) is one of the major components of the Gross Domestic Pr... more Aggregate Real Private Consumption (ARPC) is one of the major components of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP)that contributes to specify any economy’s long term living standards. The contribution of ARPC stands on an average around 55%. It is therefore important to understand the components of the consumption which is almost more than half of the aggregate economic expenditure. The study is an attempt to make a case for developing countries to bring policy level changes in order to determine the consumption pattern of developing countries’ GDP. Using appropriate empirical model the study investigates the validity of Permanent Income Hypothesis (PIH) and Absolute Income Hypothesis (AIH)on ARPC for selected developed economies. The results of the study reveals that the important determinants of ARPC in the long-run are real GDP and wealth, while in the short-run they are real interest rate and unemployment rate.
Montenegrin Journal of Economics
Engineering Economics
The undertaken study examines economic aspects of business operations of the airline industry vis... more The undertaken study examines economic aspects of business operations of the airline industry vis-à-vis organizational complaint handling and customer loyalty. For this purpose, we used a structured questionnaire to collect sample data of 200 respondents from university students and households of Pakistan who are the customers of the airline industry. We employed five independent variables, namely, response time, complaint resolution perfection, executives’ attitude, brand image and responsiveness to complaints. We used the descriptive analysis and SEM-based approaches; namely, confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis for estimation purposes. The findings of the undertaken study demonstrated that the resolution of complaints, timely response, and responsiveness to complaints had a significant and positive influence on satisfaction of customers and loyalty of clients using international airline services, and this leads to the economic prospects of business operation in the airli...
Advances in human resources management and organizational development book series, Feb 20, 2023
Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies
Gomal University Journal of Research, Dec 31, 2014
Social Science Research Network, Oct 1, 2014
Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies, 2018
The global war on terror has created a human rights dilemma for the most marginalised groups in s... more The global war on terror has created a human rights dilemma for the most marginalised groups in societies. In a highly patriarchal society like Pakistan, this dilemma is further magnified due to the lack of focus on human rights problems it creates for subsections of society that do not have equal access to mainstream resources, such as women. This paper seeks to identify the human rights issues created due to terrorism and counter-terrorism from a gendered perspective in the context of women in Swat, Pakistan. Secondary data analysis has been used as a research methodology, and the Feminist Theory has been applied as the theoretical framework. Findings reveal that women in Swat have suffered human rights abuses in the economic, social and cultural context far more than men, and continue to suffer from psychological problems. The militant activity in Swat altered the mindset of women towards terrorism, creating women militants. The paper concludes that women in Swat suffered severe human rights abuses to their economic, social and cultural freedoms, and were not beneficiary to adequate rehabilitation initiatives, leaving emotional and mental after-effects on these women.
Keywords: Terrorism; Counter-Terrorism; Human Rights; Women.
Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies, 2019
This study was conducted to discover the impact of work-life conflict on organizational commitmen... more This study was conducted to discover the impact of work-life conflict on
organizational commitment of female faculty at private universities in Karachi,
Pakistan. To test association between the two variables, correlation was used. The
results were further corroborated by the use of contingency table. The target
population was permanently employed female faculty of private universities. The
study was done through interviews and questionnaire survey. The method employed
for this purpose wast-test of correlation and chi-square test of association. The study
revealed that faculty members at private universities in Karachi had time-based
conflict but they did not have strain-based and behaviour-based Conflict. The female
faculty were committed to their organizations and the affective commitment showed
higher result than continuance and normative commitment. The study reveals that
there exists a weak association between two critical variables i.e. work-life conflicts
and organizational commitment.
Keywords: Work- Life Conflict, Organizational Commitment, Female Faculty.
ISSRA Papers, 2018
This paper attempts to investigate the prevalence of interpersonal workplace aggression (IWA), or... more This paper attempts to investigate the prevalence of interpersonal workplace aggression (IWA), organisational citizenship behaviours (OCBs) and counterproductive work behaviours (CWBs) among employees in Pakistani organisations. Interpersonal workplace aggression, organisational citizenship behaviours and counterproductive work behaviours were measured through adopted instruments after establishing the validity of measures. The population of the study included private sector organisations in Pakistan. Data was collected by administering close-ended questionnaires to a sample of 123 respondents selected through convenience sampling design. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, correlation and multiple regressions statistical tools. The results indicated significant positive relationship between IWA and counterproductive work behaviours, whereas significant negative relationship was found between organisational citizenship behaviours and counterproductive work behaviours. The study’s implications, limitations and directions for future studies are discussed.
Key Words: Interpersonal Workplace Aggression, Counterproductive Work Behaviours, Organisational Citizenship Behaviours.
IBT Journal of Business Studies
Talent' has become a popular term amongst academicians and practitioners during the last two ... more Talent' has become a popular term amongst academicians and practitioners during the last two decades. A general problem, despite this increased interest on “Talent”, is that the construct of Talent and Talent Management lack theoretical vigor and standardized definition. The aim of this paper is to make a contribution to the literature on “Talent” and “Talent Management” by a critical review of the construct of “Talent”. The evolution of the definition of the term “Talent” was traced through different time periods starting from the Biblical Times when talent was used for a very large sum of money to the present times when it is considered as a cognitive ability. A philological perspective was also taken to identify the roots of different approaches towards “Talent” in speakers of different languages and terms, that are interchangeably used in lieu of Talent were also explored. Different definitions of the term “Talent Management” were analyzed to understand the different approac...
European Scientific Journal, ESJ, 2015
This paper aims at exploring the political economy of Balochistan and the underlying causes of so... more This paper aims at exploring the political economy of Balochistan and the underlying causes of social and economic development of the province. The paper presents a brief and critical account on the historical development of the Baloch nation and nationhood. The paper argues that The Baloch notwithstanding having a huge and resourceful land has failed to keep the pace of socio-economic development and modernity with other fellow nations in the region. After the independence of Pakistan and the formation of Balochistan as a province of Pakistan, the Baloch because of her political disorganization and economic backwardness failed to exert herself within the federation to grab the resource share. The story of economic and social backwardness of the Baloch and Balochistan is a multifaceted puzzle. A section of the Baloch nationalists believe that the centralist nature of Pakistani federation is such that small nationalities like the Baloch would find it hard to accommodate within the fe...
This article investigates the impact of traditional and modern training programs on the overall p... more This article investigates the impact of traditional and modern training programs on the overall performance and commitment to employees in public banking sector of Pakistan. Additionally, the study examines the relationship between antecedents of organizational commitment and job satisfaction. Bank of Khyber, First Women Bank, National Bank of Pakistan, Sindh Bank, and The Bank of Punjab are currently operating public banks in Pakistan. Thus, all five considered in this study using strata sampling technique. Total 26 Branch Managers participated in interviews whereas 292 completed survey questionnaire. Results showed modern T&D methods preferred by contractual employees whereas permanent employees prefer traditional methods of training and development. Moreover, T&D significantly affect the continuance commitment (CC) of female employees whereas salary increment enhances males' normative commitment (NC) and affective commitment (AC). Additionally, both modern and traditional T&D...
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, Nov 4, 2017
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences
Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies
The global war on terror has created a human rights dilemma for the mostmarginalised groups in so... more The global war on terror has created a human rights dilemma for the mostmarginalised groups in societies. In a highly patriarchal society like Pakistan, this dilemma is further magnified due to the lack of focus on human rights problems it creates for subsections of society that do not have equal access to mainstream resources, such as women. This paper seeks to identify the human rights issues created due to terrorism and counter-terrorism from a gendered perspective in the context of women in Swat, Pakistan. Secondary data analysis has been used as a research methodology, and the Feminist Theory has been applied as the theoretical framework. Findings reveal that women in Swat have suffered human rights abuses in the economic, social and cultural context far more than men, and continue to suffer from psychological problems. The militant activity in Swat altered the mindset of women towards terrorism, creating women militants. The paper concludes that women in Swat suffered severe h...
Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies
Pakistan Journal of Engineering, Technology & Science
Aggregate Real Private Consumption (ARPC) is one of the major components of the Gross Domestic Pr... more Aggregate Real Private Consumption (ARPC) is one of the major components of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP)that contributes to specify any economy’s long term living standards. The contribution of ARPC stands on an average around 55%. It is therefore important to understand the components of the consumption which is almost more than half of the aggregate economic expenditure. The study is an attempt to make a case for developing countries to bring policy level changes in order to determine the consumption pattern of developing countries’ GDP. Using appropriate empirical model the study investigates the validity of Permanent Income Hypothesis (PIH) and Absolute Income Hypothesis (AIH)on ARPC for selected developed economies. The results of the study reveals that the important determinants of ARPC in the long-run are real GDP and wealth, while in the short-run they are real interest rate and unemployment rate.
Montenegrin Journal of Economics
Engineering Economics
The undertaken study examines economic aspects of business operations of the airline industry vis... more The undertaken study examines economic aspects of business operations of the airline industry vis-à-vis organizational complaint handling and customer loyalty. For this purpose, we used a structured questionnaire to collect sample data of 200 respondents from university students and households of Pakistan who are the customers of the airline industry. We employed five independent variables, namely, response time, complaint resolution perfection, executives’ attitude, brand image and responsiveness to complaints. We used the descriptive analysis and SEM-based approaches; namely, confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis for estimation purposes. The findings of the undertaken study demonstrated that the resolution of complaints, timely response, and responsiveness to complaints had a significant and positive influence on satisfaction of customers and loyalty of clients using international airline services, and this leads to the economic prospects of business operation in the airli...