Dr. S.A.Moshadi Shah | King Faisal University (original) (raw)

Papers by Dr. S.A.Moshadi Shah

International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies, 2023

The surge in internet usage and the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic have emphasized the signif... more The surge in internet usage and the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic have emphasized the significance of online and distance education. However, there is a scarcity of scholarly research on the sustainability of initiatives implemented through these modalities, and the existing measurement methodologies for sustainability are not well suited to this particular context. This study aims to elucidate the relationship between sustainability and the performance of online and distance education and proposes a composite sustainability index to assess these programmes. The methodology for constructing this index follows the stages outlined by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and employs both qualitative and quantitative approaches. The qualitative techniques involve interviews conducted with a group of field experts in order to ascertain the prioritization of indicators. Data from these interviews is used to identify key indicators for further prioritization. The application of quantitative analysis involves the characterization of participants and the execution of calculations for finalizing, weighting, normalizing, and aggregating indicators, resulting in the creation of the composite sustainability index. This mixed-method approach is consistently applied throughout the index development process. The study yields a comprehensive sustainability index that assesses online and remote education programmes. It identifies 15 sustainability criteria corresponding to key sustainability dimensions and quality deployment pillars. The practical implications of these indices hold great significance, as they can provide valuable guidance to strategic decision-makers in enhancing current offers and shaping future policies and resource allocations for programmes delivered through online and distance education methods.

Revista Conrado, 2022

The recent Covid-19 pandemic has drastically changed the higher education landscape and its futur... more The recent Covid-19 pandemic has drastically changed the higher education landscape and its future of achieving sustainability. There has been a surge in enrolment in online courses, and people have expressed greater enthusiasm for online-only options. While a few studies have looked at the impact of online and distance education on sustainability elements, little attention has been paid to the criteria of distance education that are economically, environmentally, and socially sustainable. This study considers the question of "How does online and distance education relate to sustainability?" and attempts to identify the criteria of online and distance education that are related to sustainability. Based on the Triple Bottom Line approach, this study employed a qualitative method by engaging several selected experts in Malaysia in a series of focus group discussions. The results extracted nine, seven, and fifteen criteria for online and distance education that can be categorized into the economic, environmental, and social pillars of sustainability, respectively. Social sustainability seemed to be the most prominent pillar in online and distance education. Future studies may further expand the applicability and operationally of the newly developed framework.

Dynamic Relationships Management Journal, 2023

Business competition, rapid technological changes, and government reforms or deregulations around... more Business competition, rapid technological changes, and government reforms or deregulations around the globe have put companies in difficult situations resulting in the risk of job insecurity, which deteriorates the well-being of the employees, leading to decreased job performance. This research extends the knowledge of the link between job insecurity and job performance by exploring the potential mediating mechanism of Subjective well-being in the food and beverage industry. Data from 357 employees of the food and beverages industry from two districts in Pakistan were collected through a pretested questionnaire. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test the hypotheses using Smart-PLS software. Reliability and validity checks were applied to assess the measurements and structural models. The findings reveal that job insecurity has a negative impact on job performance, whereas subjective well-being has a significantly positive influence on job performance. Furthermore, subjective well-being mediates the negative relationship between job insecurity and job performance. Multi-industry analysis can give more-robust and-generalizable results. In addition to subjective well-being, other mediators and moderators can be added for this relationship. Managers can improve their team performance by reducing on-the-job insecurity and improving the working condition and personal care of employees.

The Discourse, 2021

The aim of the study was to examine the factors contributing towards quality perception among stu... more The aim of the study was to examine the factors contributing towards quality perception among students for foreign qualification in Pakistan. The study has adopted an online survey technique using Google Form facility. The respondents were the registered students of foreign business diploma courses in four leading institutes of Pakistan. A total of 273 valid responses were analyzed using SPSS Version 21. The analysis includes Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Descriptive statistics, Correlation, Cronbach Alpha and Regression Analysis. The finding indicate that supplement education dimension, education pressure, personal aggression, support service and final report preparation are found significant positively associated with student satisfaction towards foreign business diploma courses. Whereas long-term professional horizon, timing & feedback are found negatively associated with student satisfaction. The study found no support between the course contents and communication gates and student satisfaction. The limitations associated with online survey method are unavoidable in the study. The study is limited to the students of only four leading institutes offering foreign business diploma courses whereas future research may include all the institutes offering these courses. Future research may also adopt a qualitative approach i.e. interviewing technique in order to have a better understanding of the student satisfaction level. The study provides practical implication to the institutes offering these business diploma courses; the degree awarding institutes and policy makers. The study provides a basic understanding about the registered students' satisfaction with foreign qualification. It may be helpful to prospective students in their decision making while choosing foreign qualification in the country. The study is first of its kinds that has examined a range of student satisfaction antecedents of foreign business qualification courses being offered in the country.

International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 2021

Electricity is indispensable for socioeconomic developments. Its demand is dramatically increasin... more Electricity is indispensable for socioeconomic developments. Its demand is dramatically increasing in the domestic sector at an incredible pace despite distressing electricity deficiency in most of the world's developing economies like Pakistan. The synthesis of the literature portrays that domestic consumers irresponsibly (consciously or unconsciously) waste a major portion of their electricity consumption that is detrimental to electricity security, climate, and sustainable developments. To effectively deal with the issue of electricity waste, this study is presenting a theoretical research framework containing a fear based promotional marketing strategy. The novelty of the model is to present an intriguing behavioral strategy for developing consumer sustainable responsible behavior. Confronting consumers with the awareness of wasteful consumption and its detrimental conditional impacts (financial, environmental, personal future and electricity security threats and religious punishments) can significantly create threats of electricity wastage (wastophobia) in the electricity consumers' mind. Wastophobia strategy will set ground foundations for the researchers and policymakers to manage electricity waste as well as wastage of other goods and services. This strategy will significantly contribute to the theoretical knowledge of various disciplines, such as marketing, psychology, waste management and so on. Sustainable responsible behavior is categorically supporting consumers as well as holds huge potential in present policy guidelines under the arena of electrical purification and waste management. Moreover, such policy implications are viable, sensible, and supportive for national electrical transmission and production regulatory authorities at both public and public counterparts.

International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy,, 2021

Electricity waste is a bottleneck in availing clean, green, uninterrupted, and sustainable electr... more Electricity waste is a bottleneck in availing clean, green, uninterrupted, and sustainable electricity supply. The synthesis of the studied literature portrays that irresponsible behavior indulges consumers to take irresponsible action, which leads to electricity waste and crisis. Therefore, to get the know-how of irresponsible behavior, this study aims to investigate the role of awareness concerning electricity consumption, wastage, gadget efficiency, and conservation. A questionnaire-focused survey was carried out to collect data and performed descriptive analysis to critically evaluate the data. The results explicate that consumers possess a low level of wasteful consumption awareness and "lack-of-information" is a big issue in waste management. Thus, the study concludes that unawareness is the key determinant that creates and strengthens a sense of irresponsibility in consumer behavior. The academician and practitioners need dire attention to take precautionary measures for developing prominent awareness campaigns and strategic policy guidelines to distort irresponsible human nature by including fearful promotional contents in marketing campaigns.

International Journal of Online Marketing, 2021

This paper empirically examines the trust-based consumer decision-making model in the context of ... more This paper empirically examines the trust-based consumer decision-making model in the context of a
collectivist country (i.e., Pakistan). The target population of the study was the general retail consumers
recruited through online survey. A total of 396 valid responses were analyzed using structural equation
modeling in Smart PLS. The study reports average variance extracted, composite reliability, Cronbach
alpha, and path coefficients. The results confirm that trust and benefits are positively associated with
purchase intention while perceived risk is negatively associated with consumer trust. The study also
reports some unique findings like information quality is found positively associated with both trust
and perceived risk. Also perceived privacy protection is found negatively associated with trust and
positively with risk. The study lays down a foundation for subsequent studies to further explore the
phenomena. The study is the first of its kind that has examined this model in Pakistan and proposes
some useful theoretical, practical, and policy-making implications.

International Journal of Online Marketing, 2021

This paper empirically examines the trust-based consumer decision making model in the context of ... more This paper empirically examines the trust-based consumer decision making model in the context of collectivist country i.e. Pakistan. The target population of the study were the general retail consumers recruited through online survey. A total of 396 valid responses were analyzed using structural equation modeling in Smart PLS. The study reports average variance extracted, composite reliability, Cronbach Alpha, and path coefficients. The results confirm that trust and benefits as being positively associated with purchase intention while perceived risk is negatively associated with consumer trust. The study also reports some unique findings like information quality is found positively associated with both trust and perceived risk. Also perceived privacy protection is found negatively associated with trust and positively with risk. The study lays down foundation for subsequent studies to further explore the phenomena. The study is first of its kind that has examined this model in Pakistan and proposes some useful theoretical, practical, policy making implications.

International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 2021

Electricity waste is a bottleneck in availing clean, green, uninterrupted, and sustainable electr... more Electricity waste is a bottleneck in availing clean, green, uninterrupted, and sustainable electricity supply. The synthesis of the studied literature portrays
that irresponsible behavior indulges consumers to take irresponsible action, which leads to electricity waste and crisis. Therefore, to get the know-how
of irresponsible behavior, this study aims to investigate the role of awareness concerning electricity consumption, wastage, gadget efficiency, and
conservation. A questionnaire-focused survey was carried out to collect data and performed descriptive analysis to critically evaluate the data. The
results explicate that consumers possess a low level of wasteful consumption awareness and “lack-of-information” is a big issue in waste management.
Thus, the study concludes that unawareness is the key determinant that creates and strengthens a sense of irresponsibility in consumer behavior. The academician and practitioners need dire attention to take precautionary measures for developing prominent awareness campaigns and strategic policy guidelines to distort irresponsible human nature by including fearful promotional contents in marketing campaigns.

International Journal of Online Marketing (IJOM), 2021

The aim of the study is to empirically examine the applicability of Muncy & Vitell Scale in Pakis... more The aim of the study is to empirically examine the applicability of Muncy & Vitell Scale in Pakistan and to identify its link with moral intensity and behavioural intention. A field survey research design targeting 410 general retail consumers of three major cities in Hazara region was adopted. Data analysis is carried out using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and exploratory factor analysis through SPSS 17.0 where Structural equation modelling is used for confirmatory factor analysis and model estimation through AMOS 20. The results of the study indicate that consumers in Pakistan consider only two types of ethical issues of merit consideration i.e. the issues that contain harmful outcomes and the issues with harmless outcomes. The role of moral intensity and gender is also found positively associated with consumer situations that result in harmful outcomes. Consumers high on education level showed sensitivity towards questionable behaviours even though they may seem to contain harmless outcomes. The size of the family negatively influences the harmless ethical beliefs of the consumers. The study is among few studies that has empirically examined the famous Muncy & Vitell Scale in Pakistan. The study also links Issue-contingent Model with Muncy & Vitell Scale in Pakistani context.

South Asian Journal of Business Studies, 2018

Purpose: People in both the developing and developed worlds now face issues like work-to-family ... more Purpose:
People in both the developing and developed worlds now face issues like work-to-family and family-to-work conflicts. Accordingly, the purpose of this research is to explore the relationships between work-life balance, work-family conflict, and family-work conflict and perceived employee performance with job satisfaction serving as a moderating variable.

Design/methodology/approach:
The object of this study is a full-time teaching faculty. Responses from 280 young university teaching faculty serving in public-sector universities in Islamabad, Pakistan were investigated by applying linear regression analysis to test six hypotheses.

Findings:
The results show that work-life balance and work-family conflict have a positive effect on employee performance. Job satisfaction has moderating effects on the relationships between work-life balance, work-family conflict, and family-work conflict with perceived employee performance.

Originality/value:
The study presents some unique results, which are different from previous studies such as work-family conflict has a positive significant effect on employee performance, family-work conflict has no significant effect on employee performance and job satisfaction can be a negative moderator between these relations.

The purpose of the study is to examine the effect of moral intensity on self-conscious emotions a... more The purpose of the study is to examine the effect of moral intensity on self-conscious emotions and
neutralization techniques in the context of ethical decision making among consumers. A sample of 388
shopping mall retail consumers was recruited through self-administered survey technique. Descriptive
statistics, exploratory factor analysis, correlation was carried out in SPSS whereas the measurement model and
structural relationships were estimated using AMOS.
Results indicate that moral intensity positively influences consumer’s self-consciousness, neutralization techniques
and behavioural intention. Self-consciousness negatively influence consumer’s defence mechanism i.e.
neutralization techniques. Neither self-consciousness nor neutralization techniques is found to have an impact
on consumers’ behavioural intention. Only self-consciousness is found to complementary mediate the
relationship of moral intensity and neutralization. The limitations associated with field survey and crosssectional
research design are inevitable. The study offers some relevant practical implications for government,
marketing professionals and academia. The study is among the pioneer studies that theoretically links and
empirically examines Issue Contingent Model, theory of neutralization and self-consciousness. The study develops
and tested an Urdu language version of the questionnaire for retail consumers.

The purpose of the study is to empirically examine moral ideology, ethical beliefs, and moral int... more The purpose of the study is to empirically examine moral ideology, ethical beliefs, and moral intensity in the context of Pakistan. Jones (Academy of Management Review, 16(2), 366–395, 1991) model and Muncy and Vitell (Journal of Business Research, 24, 297–311, 1992) have extensively been investigated and validated in west for examining ethical decision-making process. This study examines and validates these models in a collectivist cultural settings, i.e., Pakistan. A self-administered online survey technique using convenience sampling technique was used to gather data from a sample of 1000 consumers in Pakistan. Final analysis was carried out on 338 valid responses. Data was analyzed using from descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and model estimation carried out AMOS. Cronbach’s α was used to test the reliability of the instrument. A majority of the consumers were high on idealism and low on relativism. Consumers dejected questionable activities that have harmful outcomes more than ones that have harmless outcomes. Both idealism and relativism are found to significant predict moral intensity. However, no relationship has been found between moral ideology and ethical beliefs. Consumer’s ethical beliefs are found to significantly affect moral intensity and behavioral intention. Social moral intensity is found to mediate the relationship of relativism and harmful ethical beliefs. The study is among the pioneer studies in Pakistan that examines the link of moral ideology, moral intensity, and ethical beliefs. The study provides an Urdu version of scales that can be utilized for further exploration and validation.

The purpose of the study is to investigate materialism among the youth of Pakistan. The paper exa... more The purpose of the study is to investigate materialism among the youth of Pakistan. The paper examines the impact of age, self-esteem, social comparisons, and attention to television advertisement on materialistic values. The study employs an empirical approach using self-administered survey technique on the youth living in KPK province of Pakistan. The final sample consisted of 280 respondents between 14-22 years of age and registered student. Descriptive statistics, Correlation and Multiple regressions is estimated through SPSS (version 17.0). Results indicate age as a major antecedent in measuring materialism. Adolescents are found to be more materialistic as compare to young adults. The relationship between materialism and age is found negative. The influence of frequent communication with friends and social comparison of consumption was also found related with materialism. Attention to television advertisement is not found to be associated with developing materialism among young consumers. The inbuilt data limitation with cross sectional data is inevitable. Future research may employ longitudinal or qualitative i.e. interviewing techniques to secure data. The study imparts practical implication for parents, academic and professionals. The study is among the pioneer studies examining materialism among youth in Pakistan,

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship of moral philosophy and self-conscious e... more The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship of moral philosophy and self-conscious emotions and the way they impact behavioral intention. The study investigates Forsyth's Ethical Position Theory by theoretically linking it with self-conscious emotions. Behavioral intention is measured through the use of vignettes depicting ethical scenarios in retail settings. A total of 1000 retail consumers were approached through social media (i.e. Facebook), 350 respondents filled in an online survey (Google docs), whereas final analysis included 338 valid responses. Descriptive statistics, Exploratory Factor Analysis, Correlation and Regression Analysis is used to examine the relationship. Findings of the study indicate a relationship between moral philosophy and self-conscious emotions. Private self-conscious emotion is not found to be associated with relativism and ethical behavioral intention. The limitations associated with cross sectional research design and online survey technique are inevitable. Online survey administration is likely to contribute towards non-response bias and social desirable bias. Marketers may develop promotional activities highlighting the company's efforts towards minimizing harmful outcomes to consumers and society will have good chances to enhance brand image and customer loyalty. Business courses targeting consumer behavior in Pakistan may use the findings of the study to educate students about ethical beliefs of the 72 consumers in Pakistan. The study is among the pioneer studies that examines moral philosophy with self-conscious emotions in Pakistan. The target respondents are the general consumers that most previous studies have ignored by using only student samples.

She has earned a gold medal in M.A, COT scholarship PhD degree and HEC funding for Post Doc. She ... more She has earned a gold medal in M.A, COT scholarship PhD degree and HEC funding for Post Doc. She is an active researcher who has published more than 40 papers in renowned journals and has participated in numerous research conferences. Her research interests include micro-econometric analysis, rural finance and business ethics.

This empirical research paper focuses on establishing a relationship between external determinant... more This empirical research paper focuses on establishing a relationship between external determinants and economic growth of Pakistan economy. Empirical analyses are carried out with time series econometric techniques using data over the period of 1977-20104. The main finding is that external determinants such as foreign remittances, foreign direct investment, and foreign imports matter from growth perspective. Foreign remittances and foreign direct investment have a significant positive role in the growth process of Pakistan economy. Further, it is found that foreign imports have adversely influenced the economic growth of Pakistan economy. The study recommends that policy makers shall take appropriate steps to increase the inflow of both foreign remittances and foreign direct investment in order to achieve the long run economic growth.

5th International Conference on Management, Innovation, Leadership, Economics and Strategy, SAICON2013, Bhurban, Pakistan, Dec 4, 2013

International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies, 2023

Revista Conrado, 2022

Dynamic Relationships Management Journal, 2023

The Discourse, 2021

International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 2021

International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy,, 2021

International Journal of Online Marketing, 2021

International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 2021

Electricity waste is a bottleneck in availing clean, green, uninterrupted, and sustainable electr... more Electricity waste is a bottleneck in availing clean, green, uninterrupted, and sustainable electricity supply. The synthesis of the studied literature portrays
that irresponsible behavior indulges consumers to take irresponsible action, which leads to electricity waste and crisis. Therefore, to get the know-how
of irresponsible behavior, this study aims to investigate the role of awareness concerning electricity consumption, wastage, gadget efficiency, and
conservation. A questionnaire-focused survey was carried out to collect data and performed descriptive analysis to critically evaluate the data. The
results explicate that consumers possess a low level of wasteful consumption awareness and “lack-of-information” is a big issue in waste management.
Thus, the study concludes that unawareness is the key determinant that creates and strengthens a sense of irresponsibility in consumer behavior. The academician and practitioners need dire attention to take precautionary measures for developing prominent awareness campaigns and strategic policy guidelines to distort irresponsible human nature by including fearful promotional contents in marketing campaigns.

International Journal of Online Marketing (IJOM), 2021

South Asian Journal of Business Studies, 2018

5th International Conference on Management, Innovation, Leadership, Economics and Strategy, SAICON2013, Bhurban, Pakistan, Dec 4, 2013

The purpose of this chapter is to highlight the importance of social media and theoretically link... more The purpose of this chapter is to highlight the importance of social media and theoretically link it with Knowledge Management (KM). A massive increase in social media usage around the world and its enhanced role in everyday life of employees offer enormous opportunities to businesses. One of the most important challenges that management faces in today's dynamic business environment is knowledge management. This becomes the key concern in professional service firms that are knowledge intensive in nature. The chapter discusses the association between social media and knowledge management. A theoretical model (SECI-SM) proposed by Shah, Khan, and Amjad (2013) is presented and discussed which is an extension of the seminal work of Nonaka and Takeuchi (1995). The model puts social media at the heart of knowledge management system and processes. It purports social media as an ideal vehicle for knowledge sharing and retaining. The chapter discusses the superiority of SECI-SM Model and lays out some useful suggestions for businesses.