Radosław Rybarski | John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin (original) (raw)

Papers by Radosław Rybarski

Research paper thumbnail of Wpływ nauczania religii na religijną wiedzę i wiarę uczniów. Analiza opinii młodzieży

Collectanea Theologica, May 15, 2024

Pogłębianie wiedzy religijnej oraz wiary w Boga stanowi główne zadanie dla nauczania religii w uj... more Pogłębianie wiedzy religijnej oraz wiary w Boga stanowi główne zadanie dla nauczania religii w ujęciu konfesyjno-katechumenalnym, jakie funkcjonuje w Polsce. Często jednak uważa się, że zadania te nie są realizowane w wystarczającym stopniu. W niniejszym artykule podjęto próbę zbadania tego problemu z perspektywy uczniów. W tym celu przeprowadzono analizę opinii młodzieży szkół ponadpodstawowych, pozyskanych podczas ogólnopolskich badań ilościowych. Młodzież sama oceniała, czy i w jakim stopniu udział w lekcjach religii pozytywnie wpływa na jej wiedzę religijną oraz wiarę. Na podstawie analizy tych opinii sformułowano wnioski edukacyjne i pastoralne oraz podjęto próbę znalezienia rozwiązań dla zdiagnozowanych wyzwań.

Research paper thumbnail of Competences of an RE Teacher/Catechist in the Opinion of Schoolchildren

˜The œPerson and the Challenges, Mar 27, 2024

according to secondary school pupils, should have an RE teacher? An attempt to answer such questi... more according to secondary school pupils, should have an RE teacher? An attempt to answer such questions was made on the basis of an analysis of the literature on the subject and the results of a nationwide quantitative and qualitative study of secondary school pupils in Poland. The basic concepts of competence are discussed, groups of competencies relevant to the profession of religion teacher are characterized. Also presented are the results of research on the opinions of secondary school pupils regarding the person of a religion teacher/catechist.

Research paper thumbnail of Religiosity and death anxiety among cancer patients: the mediating role of religious comfort and struggle

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, Sep 10, 2023

Objectives: Religiosity may serve as a personal source of support when people face a life-threate... more Objectives: Religiosity may serve as a personal source of support when people face a life-threatening illness, but it can also elicit stress. The main aim of this study is to show how various religious dimensions interplay in predicting death anxiety in patients diagnosed as having cancer. Material and Methods: In the cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical research, 141 Polish patients who were hospitalized due to cancer were selected using sequential convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Centrality of Religiosity Scale, Religious Comfort and Strain Scale, and the Death Anxiety and Dying Distress Scale. Results: The authors' results show that the effect of the centrality of religiosity on death anxiety is non-linear. The authors can also confirm the mediating role of religious comfort and struggles in the relationship between the centrality of religiosity and death anxiety. Conclusions: Thus, religious struggles appear to weaken the effect of religion on death anxiety, whereas religious comfort (contrary to expectation) does not enhance it.

Research paper thumbnail of Guilt, Shame, and Religious Ingratiation: The Mediating Role of Prayer and the Moderating Role of Intrinsic Religious Orientation

Journal of Psychology and Theology, Sep 7, 2023

Emotions are essential in many areas of human life, including religion. Religion can arouse emoti... more Emotions are essential in many areas of human life, including religion. Religion can arouse emotions, for example, God’s closeness can be a source of joy and gratitude, while God’s silence can cause anger or disappointment. Furthermore, and vice versa, emotions can affect how people experience or refer to God. This study investigated guilt and shame in relation to prayer and ingratiatory behavior toward God. A moderated mediation model was tested in two samples of Polish adults (Sample 1: n = 321; 53.9% female, mean age = 37.07, and Sample 2: n = 344; 57.0% female, mean age = 37.07) to examine the mediating role of prayer and moderating role of religious orientation in the relationship between guilt and shame with religious ingratiation. The Guilt and Shame Proneness Scale, Religious Ingratiation Scale, Multidimensional Prayer Inventory, and Religious Orientation Scale were used in the study. Guilt and shame positively correlated with religious ingratiation. In both samples, the guilt and shame–religious ingratiation link was mediated through adoration, confession, thanksgiving, supplication, and reception prayer among those low in intrinsic religious orientation.

Research paper thumbnail of “Will I or Won’t I Be Sorry?”—Qualitative Research on Emotional Reactions of Secondary School Students in Poland after Resignation from Religion Lessons

Religions, Mar 26, 2024

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Research paper thumbnail of The Relationship of Religious Comfort and Struggle with Anxiety and Satisfaction with Life in Roman Catholic Polish Men: The Moderating Effect of Sexual Orientation

Journal of Religion & Health, Mar 25, 2017

The aim of the research was to analyze the relationships of religious comfort and struggle with s... more The aim of the research was to analyze the relationships of religious comfort and struggle with state anxiety and satisfaction with life in homosexual and heterosexual samples of men. A hundred and eight men aged between 18 and 43 participated in the research in total, 54 declared themselves as homosexual and 54 as heterosexual. The Religious Comfort and Strain Scale, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Satisfaction with Life Scale were applied to the research. The results of hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that sexual orientation moderated the relationships of religious comfort and struggle with state anxiety and satisfaction with life. The highest state anxiety was observed in homosexual participants with high negative social interactions surrounding religion scores. Negative religious social interactions with fellow congregants and religious leaders, including disapproval and criticism, create anxiety among homosexual people. It seems that homosexual participants are engaged in a trade-off between valued and necessary religious engagement and the harassment and persecution they may be forced to endure in order to access that engagement.

Research paper thumbnail of Ku integralnemu dojrzewaniu do kapłaństwa – identyfikacja zagrożeń

Research paper thumbnail of Anxiety and Depression in a Non-Clinical Sample of Young Polish Adults: Presence of Meaning in Life as a Mediator

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Early adulthood, between 18 and 25, is viewed as a decisive period of life for the prevention and... more Early adulthood, between 18 and 25, is viewed as a decisive period of life for the prevention and treatment of anxiety and depression. Although the topic of their mutual relationship is well-known, little has been uncovered about the mechanism underlying this connection. To understand the indirect pathways between anxiety and depression, we chose the sense of meaning of life as a mediator because people’s beliefs that their lives are or can be purposeful may protect against depression. The sample was composed of 277 Polish young adults. A small majority of the participants were women (58.8%). The mean age was M = 22.11 (SD = 1.72). We used in the research the Direct Behavior Rating-Scale Items Scale, the Meaning in Life Questionnaire, and the Brief Screen for Depression. Correlational analysis showed that, consistent with past findings, anxiety correlated positively with depression and searching for meaning. It was also negatively associated with presence of meaning. Moreover, depre...

Research paper thumbnail of Multidimensional Prayer Inventory: Psychometric Properties and Clinical Applications

Religions, 2022

Prayer is one of the most important aspects of religious/spiritual life. The psychological litera... more Prayer is one of the most important aspects of religious/spiritual life. The psychological literature has identified various types of prayer and a few methods for measuring it. The Multidimensional Prayer Inventory (MPI) has received much attention from researchers since it allows for the capture of the most universal forms of prayer, characteristic of the Judeo-Christian tradition: Adoration, Confession, Thanksgiving, Supplication, and Reception. The aim of this article was to examine psychometric properties and clinical applications of the Polish MPI. In four studies, we established the internal structure of the MPI using Principal Component Analysis (PCA, study 1) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA, study 2), examined its validity and reliability in relation to religiousness (study 3), and analysed its clinical application (study 4). The Polish MPI has been confirmed as a reliable and valid measure of five types of prayer for use in research settings.

Research paper thumbnail of The Mediating Effect of Dispositional Gratitude on the Relationship between Religious Struggles and Self-Esteem: Preliminary Results

Religions, 2022

In comforting or distressing circumstances, individuals tend to have various perceptions of thems... more In comforting or distressing circumstances, individuals tend to have various perceptions of themselves. It seems that religious comfort and religious distress correlate differently with people’s self-esteem. Since the relationship between religiosity and self-esteem is not only direct but can be mediated by other factors that are recognized as buffers against adverse situations, our main goal was to verify whether dispositional gratitude may have an indirect effect on the association between both variables. The research involved data from 254 participants aged 18 to 25 (M = 21.24; SD = 2.09) and included 192 women (76%) and 62 men (24%). To measure the title variables, we used: the Religious Comfort and Strain Scale (RCSS), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and the Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ-6). The results showed that people who consider religion as a source of comfort express positive attitudes toward the self and recognize others’ kindness, as well. In contrast, people who...

Research paper thumbnail of Religijność i lęk przed śmiercią a jakość życia osób z rozpoznaną chorobą nowotworową

Wydzial Nauk Spolecznych, Instytut Psychologii; promotor rozprawy doktorskiej: dr hab. Jacek Śliw... more Wydzial Nauk Spolecznych, Instytut Psychologii; promotor rozprawy doktorskiej: dr hab. Jacek Śliwak, prof. KUL

Research paper thumbnail of Centrality of Religiosity Scale in Polish Research: A Curvilinear Mechanism that Explains the Categories of Centrality of Religiosity

Religions, 2020

The centrality of religiosity scale (CRS) is a measure of the importance of religious constructs ... more The centrality of religiosity scale (CRS) is a measure of the importance of religious constructs in personality. The Polish CRS has been applied in more than 40 published studies on the psychology of religion, with over 18,000 total participants. However, no comprehensive overview on the Polish CRS is available. This paper shows how using the CRS sheds light on different patterns in which religion integrates with other psychological variables. It consists of three parts: first, we introduce the Polish adaptation of the CRS; second, we present the review of the research using the Polish CRS; and finally, we provide research results that suggest a curvilinear mechanism for explaining the categories of the centrality of religiosity. Three measures were applied to the research: the CRS, emotions toward God scale, and content of prayer scale-revised. The results indicated that there is a curvilinear relationship between centrality of religiosity and emotions toward God, prayer types, and...

Research paper thumbnail of Polish Validation of a 14-Item Version of the Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale (RSS-14): Factorial Structure, Psychometric Properties, and Clinical Correlates

Journal of Religion and Health

Religious and spiritual (R/S) struggles are defined as the occurrence of tension, conflict, or st... more Religious and spiritual (R/S) struggles are defined as the occurrence of tension, conflict, or strain that focus on matters of ultimate significance perceived by people as sacred. The widespread prevalence of R/S struggles and the growing demand for research in this area created the need for a brief tool. Recently, the 14-item form of the Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale was developed and validated (Exline et al. in Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 2022a). Given the significance of the empirical research on R/S struggles, we implemented the project of structure verification, internal consistency confirmation, reliability, and nomological validation of the Polish variant of the RSS-14 through three separate studies. With respect to the internal structure of the RSS-14, the CFA from three studies confirmed the good fit of the six-factor model, very similar to the one obtained in the original version of the tool. Moreover, both the total score and the subscales had high ...

Research paper thumbnail of Measuring the quality of life of people with life-threatening illnesses: the internal structure of the Polish adaptation of the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire – Revised

Współczesna Onkologia, 2018

The McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire has been widely used for people with life-threatening il... more The McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire has been widely used for people with life-threatening illnesses since 1996. In 2016 Cohen et al. revised the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire and improved its psychometric properties and length. The aim of the present study was to adapt the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire-Revised (MQOL-R) into Polish. The study assessed the factorial structure, reliability, and validity of the Polish adaptation of the MQOL-R. Material and methods: The study had a non-randomised, cross-sectional design. The Polish translation of the MQOL-R was administered to 140 people with life-threatening illnesses. Patients were recruited from acute and palliative care units. Data were analysed using confirmatory factor analysis, and correlational and multiple regression analyses. Results: The results provide support for the measurement structure of the Polish adaptation of the MQOL-R. Both the overall scale and four subscales have satisfactory internal consistency and the construct and concurrent validity. Conclusions: The Polish MQOL-R is psychometrically sound and may serve as a valuable asset in research on quality of life of people with life-threatening illnesses.

Research paper thumbnail of Guilt, Shame, and Religious Ingratiation: The Mediating Role of Prayer and the Moderating Role of Intrinsic Religious Orientation

Journal of Psychology and Theology, 2023

Emotions are essential in many areas of human life, including religion. Religion can arouse emoti... more Emotions are essential in many areas of human life, including religion. Religion can arouse emotions, for example, God’s closeness can be a source of joy and gratitude, while God’s silence can cause anger or disappointment. Furthermore, and vice versa, emotions can affect how people experience or refer to God. This study investigated guilt and shame in relation to prayer and ingratiatory behavior toward God. A moderated mediation model was tested in two samples of Polish adults (Sample 1: n = 321; 53.9% female, mean age = 37.07, and Sample 2: n = 344; 57.0% female, mean age = 37.07) to examine the mediating role of prayer and moderating role of religious orientation in the relationship between guilt and shame with religious ingratiation. The Guilt and Shame Proneness Scale, Religious Ingratiation Scale, Multidimensional Prayer Inventory, and Religious Orientation Scale were used in the study. Guilt and shame positively correlated with religious ingratiation. In both samples, the guilt and shame–religious ingratiation link was mediated through adoration, confession, thanksgiving, supplication, and reception prayer among those low in intrinsic religious orientation.

Research paper thumbnail of Religiosity and death anxiety among cancer patients: the mediating role of religious comfort and struggle

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 2023

Objectives: Religiosity may serve as a personal source of support when people face a life-threate... more Objectives: Religiosity may serve as a personal source of support when people face a life-threatening illness, but it can also elicit stress. The main aim of this study is to show how various religious dimensions interplay in predicting death anxiety in patients diagnosed as having cancer. Material and Methods: In the cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical research, 141 Polish patients who were hospitalized due to cancer were selected using sequential convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Centrality of Religiosity Scale, Religious Comfort and Strain Scale, and the Death Anxiety and Dying Distress Scale. Results: The authors' results show that the effect of the centrality of religiosity on death anxiety is non-linear. We can also confirm the mediating role of religious comfort and struggles in the relationship between the centrality of religiosity and death anxiety. Conclusions: Thus, religious struggles appear to weaken the effect of religion on death anxiety, whereas religious comfort (contrary to expectation) does not enhance it.

Research paper thumbnail of The Relationship of Religious Comfort and Struggle with Anxiety and Satisfaction with Life in Roman Catholic Polish Men: The Moderating Effect of Sexual Orientation

Journal of religion and health, Jan 25, 2017

The aim of the research was to analyze the relationships of religious comfort and struggle with s... more The aim of the research was to analyze the relationships of religious comfort and struggle with state anxiety and satisfaction with life in homosexual and heterosexual samples of men. A hundred and eight men aged between 18 and 43 participated in the research in total, 54 declared themselves as homosexual and 54 as heterosexual. The Religious Comfort and Strain Scale, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Satisfaction with Life Scale were applied to the research. The results of hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that sexual orientation moderated the relationships of religious comfort and struggle with state anxiety and satisfaction with life. The highest state anxiety was observed in homosexual participants with high negative social interactions surrounding religion scores. Negative religious social interactions with fellow congregants and religious leaders, including disapproval and criticism, create anxiety among homosexual people. It seems that homosexual part...

Research paper thumbnail of Wpływ nauczania religii na religijną wiedzę i wiarę uczniów. Analiza opinii młodzieży

Collectanea Theologica, May 15, 2024

Pogłębianie wiedzy religijnej oraz wiary w Boga stanowi główne zadanie dla nauczania religii w uj... more Pogłębianie wiedzy religijnej oraz wiary w Boga stanowi główne zadanie dla nauczania religii w ujęciu konfesyjno-katechumenalnym, jakie funkcjonuje w Polsce. Często jednak uważa się, że zadania te nie są realizowane w wystarczającym stopniu. W niniejszym artykule podjęto próbę zbadania tego problemu z perspektywy uczniów. W tym celu przeprowadzono analizę opinii młodzieży szkół ponadpodstawowych, pozyskanych podczas ogólnopolskich badań ilościowych. Młodzież sama oceniała, czy i w jakim stopniu udział w lekcjach religii pozytywnie wpływa na jej wiedzę religijną oraz wiarę. Na podstawie analizy tych opinii sformułowano wnioski edukacyjne i pastoralne oraz podjęto próbę znalezienia rozwiązań dla zdiagnozowanych wyzwań.

Research paper thumbnail of Competences of an RE Teacher/Catechist in the Opinion of Schoolchildren

˜The œPerson and the Challenges, Mar 27, 2024

according to secondary school pupils, should have an RE teacher? An attempt to answer such questi... more according to secondary school pupils, should have an RE teacher? An attempt to answer such questions was made on the basis of an analysis of the literature on the subject and the results of a nationwide quantitative and qualitative study of secondary school pupils in Poland. The basic concepts of competence are discussed, groups of competencies relevant to the profession of religion teacher are characterized. Also presented are the results of research on the opinions of secondary school pupils regarding the person of a religion teacher/catechist.

Research paper thumbnail of Religiosity and death anxiety among cancer patients: the mediating role of religious comfort and struggle

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, Sep 10, 2023

Objectives: Religiosity may serve as a personal source of support when people face a life-threate... more Objectives: Religiosity may serve as a personal source of support when people face a life-threatening illness, but it can also elicit stress. The main aim of this study is to show how various religious dimensions interplay in predicting death anxiety in patients diagnosed as having cancer. Material and Methods: In the cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical research, 141 Polish patients who were hospitalized due to cancer were selected using sequential convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Centrality of Religiosity Scale, Religious Comfort and Strain Scale, and the Death Anxiety and Dying Distress Scale. Results: The authors' results show that the effect of the centrality of religiosity on death anxiety is non-linear. The authors can also confirm the mediating role of religious comfort and struggles in the relationship between the centrality of religiosity and death anxiety. Conclusions: Thus, religious struggles appear to weaken the effect of religion on death anxiety, whereas religious comfort (contrary to expectation) does not enhance it.

Research paper thumbnail of Guilt, Shame, and Religious Ingratiation: The Mediating Role of Prayer and the Moderating Role of Intrinsic Religious Orientation

Journal of Psychology and Theology, Sep 7, 2023

Emotions are essential in many areas of human life, including religion. Religion can arouse emoti... more Emotions are essential in many areas of human life, including religion. Religion can arouse emotions, for example, God’s closeness can be a source of joy and gratitude, while God’s silence can cause anger or disappointment. Furthermore, and vice versa, emotions can affect how people experience or refer to God. This study investigated guilt and shame in relation to prayer and ingratiatory behavior toward God. A moderated mediation model was tested in two samples of Polish adults (Sample 1: n = 321; 53.9% female, mean age = 37.07, and Sample 2: n = 344; 57.0% female, mean age = 37.07) to examine the mediating role of prayer and moderating role of religious orientation in the relationship between guilt and shame with religious ingratiation. The Guilt and Shame Proneness Scale, Religious Ingratiation Scale, Multidimensional Prayer Inventory, and Religious Orientation Scale were used in the study. Guilt and shame positively correlated with religious ingratiation. In both samples, the guilt and shame–religious ingratiation link was mediated through adoration, confession, thanksgiving, supplication, and reception prayer among those low in intrinsic religious orientation.

Research paper thumbnail of “Will I or Won’t I Be Sorry?”—Qualitative Research on Emotional Reactions of Secondary School Students in Poland after Resignation from Religion Lessons

Religions, Mar 26, 2024

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Research paper thumbnail of The Relationship of Religious Comfort and Struggle with Anxiety and Satisfaction with Life in Roman Catholic Polish Men: The Moderating Effect of Sexual Orientation

Journal of Religion & Health, Mar 25, 2017

The aim of the research was to analyze the relationships of religious comfort and struggle with s... more The aim of the research was to analyze the relationships of religious comfort and struggle with state anxiety and satisfaction with life in homosexual and heterosexual samples of men. A hundred and eight men aged between 18 and 43 participated in the research in total, 54 declared themselves as homosexual and 54 as heterosexual. The Religious Comfort and Strain Scale, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Satisfaction with Life Scale were applied to the research. The results of hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that sexual orientation moderated the relationships of religious comfort and struggle with state anxiety and satisfaction with life. The highest state anxiety was observed in homosexual participants with high negative social interactions surrounding religion scores. Negative religious social interactions with fellow congregants and religious leaders, including disapproval and criticism, create anxiety among homosexual people. It seems that homosexual participants are engaged in a trade-off between valued and necessary religious engagement and the harassment and persecution they may be forced to endure in order to access that engagement.

Research paper thumbnail of Ku integralnemu dojrzewaniu do kapłaństwa – identyfikacja zagrożeń

Research paper thumbnail of Anxiety and Depression in a Non-Clinical Sample of Young Polish Adults: Presence of Meaning in Life as a Mediator

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Early adulthood, between 18 and 25, is viewed as a decisive period of life for the prevention and... more Early adulthood, between 18 and 25, is viewed as a decisive period of life for the prevention and treatment of anxiety and depression. Although the topic of their mutual relationship is well-known, little has been uncovered about the mechanism underlying this connection. To understand the indirect pathways between anxiety and depression, we chose the sense of meaning of life as a mediator because people’s beliefs that their lives are or can be purposeful may protect against depression. The sample was composed of 277 Polish young adults. A small majority of the participants were women (58.8%). The mean age was M = 22.11 (SD = 1.72). We used in the research the Direct Behavior Rating-Scale Items Scale, the Meaning in Life Questionnaire, and the Brief Screen for Depression. Correlational analysis showed that, consistent with past findings, anxiety correlated positively with depression and searching for meaning. It was also negatively associated with presence of meaning. Moreover, depre...

Research paper thumbnail of Multidimensional Prayer Inventory: Psychometric Properties and Clinical Applications

Religions, 2022

Prayer is one of the most important aspects of religious/spiritual life. The psychological litera... more Prayer is one of the most important aspects of religious/spiritual life. The psychological literature has identified various types of prayer and a few methods for measuring it. The Multidimensional Prayer Inventory (MPI) has received much attention from researchers since it allows for the capture of the most universal forms of prayer, characteristic of the Judeo-Christian tradition: Adoration, Confession, Thanksgiving, Supplication, and Reception. The aim of this article was to examine psychometric properties and clinical applications of the Polish MPI. In four studies, we established the internal structure of the MPI using Principal Component Analysis (PCA, study 1) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA, study 2), examined its validity and reliability in relation to religiousness (study 3), and analysed its clinical application (study 4). The Polish MPI has been confirmed as a reliable and valid measure of five types of prayer for use in research settings.

Research paper thumbnail of The Mediating Effect of Dispositional Gratitude on the Relationship between Religious Struggles and Self-Esteem: Preliminary Results

Religions, 2022

In comforting or distressing circumstances, individuals tend to have various perceptions of thems... more In comforting or distressing circumstances, individuals tend to have various perceptions of themselves. It seems that religious comfort and religious distress correlate differently with people’s self-esteem. Since the relationship between religiosity and self-esteem is not only direct but can be mediated by other factors that are recognized as buffers against adverse situations, our main goal was to verify whether dispositional gratitude may have an indirect effect on the association between both variables. The research involved data from 254 participants aged 18 to 25 (M = 21.24; SD = 2.09) and included 192 women (76%) and 62 men (24%). To measure the title variables, we used: the Religious Comfort and Strain Scale (RCSS), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and the Gratitude Questionnaire (GQ-6). The results showed that people who consider religion as a source of comfort express positive attitudes toward the self and recognize others’ kindness, as well. In contrast, people who...

Research paper thumbnail of Religijność i lęk przed śmiercią a jakość życia osób z rozpoznaną chorobą nowotworową

Wydzial Nauk Spolecznych, Instytut Psychologii; promotor rozprawy doktorskiej: dr hab. Jacek Śliw... more Wydzial Nauk Spolecznych, Instytut Psychologii; promotor rozprawy doktorskiej: dr hab. Jacek Śliwak, prof. KUL

Research paper thumbnail of Centrality of Religiosity Scale in Polish Research: A Curvilinear Mechanism that Explains the Categories of Centrality of Religiosity

Religions, 2020

The centrality of religiosity scale (CRS) is a measure of the importance of religious constructs ... more The centrality of religiosity scale (CRS) is a measure of the importance of religious constructs in personality. The Polish CRS has been applied in more than 40 published studies on the psychology of religion, with over 18,000 total participants. However, no comprehensive overview on the Polish CRS is available. This paper shows how using the CRS sheds light on different patterns in which religion integrates with other psychological variables. It consists of three parts: first, we introduce the Polish adaptation of the CRS; second, we present the review of the research using the Polish CRS; and finally, we provide research results that suggest a curvilinear mechanism for explaining the categories of the centrality of religiosity. Three measures were applied to the research: the CRS, emotions toward God scale, and content of prayer scale-revised. The results indicated that there is a curvilinear relationship between centrality of religiosity and emotions toward God, prayer types, and...

Research paper thumbnail of Polish Validation of a 14-Item Version of the Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale (RSS-14): Factorial Structure, Psychometric Properties, and Clinical Correlates

Journal of Religion and Health

Religious and spiritual (R/S) struggles are defined as the occurrence of tension, conflict, or st... more Religious and spiritual (R/S) struggles are defined as the occurrence of tension, conflict, or strain that focus on matters of ultimate significance perceived by people as sacred. The widespread prevalence of R/S struggles and the growing demand for research in this area created the need for a brief tool. Recently, the 14-item form of the Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale was developed and validated (Exline et al. in Psychology of Religion and Spirituality, 2022a). Given the significance of the empirical research on R/S struggles, we implemented the project of structure verification, internal consistency confirmation, reliability, and nomological validation of the Polish variant of the RSS-14 through three separate studies. With respect to the internal structure of the RSS-14, the CFA from three studies confirmed the good fit of the six-factor model, very similar to the one obtained in the original version of the tool. Moreover, both the total score and the subscales had high ...

Research paper thumbnail of Measuring the quality of life of people with life-threatening illnesses: the internal structure of the Polish adaptation of the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire – Revised

Współczesna Onkologia, 2018

The McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire has been widely used for people with life-threatening il... more The McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire has been widely used for people with life-threatening illnesses since 1996. In 2016 Cohen et al. revised the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire and improved its psychometric properties and length. The aim of the present study was to adapt the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire-Revised (MQOL-R) into Polish. The study assessed the factorial structure, reliability, and validity of the Polish adaptation of the MQOL-R. Material and methods: The study had a non-randomised, cross-sectional design. The Polish translation of the MQOL-R was administered to 140 people with life-threatening illnesses. Patients were recruited from acute and palliative care units. Data were analysed using confirmatory factor analysis, and correlational and multiple regression analyses. Results: The results provide support for the measurement structure of the Polish adaptation of the MQOL-R. Both the overall scale and four subscales have satisfactory internal consistency and the construct and concurrent validity. Conclusions: The Polish MQOL-R is psychometrically sound and may serve as a valuable asset in research on quality of life of people with life-threatening illnesses.

Research paper thumbnail of Guilt, Shame, and Religious Ingratiation: The Mediating Role of Prayer and the Moderating Role of Intrinsic Religious Orientation

Journal of Psychology and Theology, 2023

Emotions are essential in many areas of human life, including religion. Religion can arouse emoti... more Emotions are essential in many areas of human life, including religion. Religion can arouse emotions, for example, God’s closeness can be a source of joy and gratitude, while God’s silence can cause anger or disappointment. Furthermore, and vice versa, emotions can affect how people experience or refer to God. This study investigated guilt and shame in relation to prayer and ingratiatory behavior toward God. A moderated mediation model was tested in two samples of Polish adults (Sample 1: n = 321; 53.9% female, mean age = 37.07, and Sample 2: n = 344; 57.0% female, mean age = 37.07) to examine the mediating role of prayer and moderating role of religious orientation in the relationship between guilt and shame with religious ingratiation. The Guilt and Shame Proneness Scale, Religious Ingratiation Scale, Multidimensional Prayer Inventory, and Religious Orientation Scale were used in the study. Guilt and shame positively correlated with religious ingratiation. In both samples, the guilt and shame–religious ingratiation link was mediated through adoration, confession, thanksgiving, supplication, and reception prayer among those low in intrinsic religious orientation.

Research paper thumbnail of Religiosity and death anxiety among cancer patients: the mediating role of religious comfort and struggle

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 2023

Objectives: Religiosity may serve as a personal source of support when people face a life-threate... more Objectives: Religiosity may serve as a personal source of support when people face a life-threatening illness, but it can also elicit stress. The main aim of this study is to show how various religious dimensions interplay in predicting death anxiety in patients diagnosed as having cancer. Material and Methods: In the cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical research, 141 Polish patients who were hospitalized due to cancer were selected using sequential convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Centrality of Religiosity Scale, Religious Comfort and Strain Scale, and the Death Anxiety and Dying Distress Scale. Results: The authors' results show that the effect of the centrality of religiosity on death anxiety is non-linear. We can also confirm the mediating role of religious comfort and struggles in the relationship between the centrality of religiosity and death anxiety. Conclusions: Thus, religious struggles appear to weaken the effect of religion on death anxiety, whereas religious comfort (contrary to expectation) does not enhance it.

Research paper thumbnail of The Relationship of Religious Comfort and Struggle with Anxiety and Satisfaction with Life in Roman Catholic Polish Men: The Moderating Effect of Sexual Orientation

Journal of religion and health, Jan 25, 2017

The aim of the research was to analyze the relationships of religious comfort and struggle with s... more The aim of the research was to analyze the relationships of religious comfort and struggle with state anxiety and satisfaction with life in homosexual and heterosexual samples of men. A hundred and eight men aged between 18 and 43 participated in the research in total, 54 declared themselves as homosexual and 54 as heterosexual. The Religious Comfort and Strain Scale, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Satisfaction with Life Scale were applied to the research. The results of hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that sexual orientation moderated the relationships of religious comfort and struggle with state anxiety and satisfaction with life. The highest state anxiety was observed in homosexual participants with high negative social interactions surrounding religion scores. Negative religious social interactions with fellow congregants and religious leaders, including disapproval and criticism, create anxiety among homosexual people. It seems that homosexual part...