Manjula Upadhyay | University of Lucknow (original) (raw)

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Papers by Manjula Upadhyay

Asian Journal of Research in Business Economics and Management, 2015

Asian Journal of Research in Business Economics and Management, 2014

In the federal set up, debt of constituent units is interlinked substantially with that of centra... more In the federal set up, debt of constituent units is interlinked substantially with that of central government as well as with other macroeconomic aggregates. Therefore, it becomes inevitable to study the behavioural relationship between fiscal variables of States and debt dynamics of States. This paper examines the debt structure of Uttar Pradesh (U.P.) since it occupies a central place in Indian federal fiscal system due to its large population size. The main objectives are: to analyze the dynamics of government borrowing in U.P. and to explore the impact of fiscal reforms and FRBM Act on composition of fiscal deficit. Fiscal imbalance in U.P. was found much higher as compared to other states and U.P.’s development was heavily constrained by severe fiscal crisis reflected in deterioration in revenue and fiscal balance relative to GSDP towards the end of the nineties. Improvement was witnessed due to adoption of fiscal reforms and introduction of Fiscal Responsibility Budget Management (FRBM) Act in 2004 in U.P.

Desafíos: Economía y Empresa

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has disrupted daily life, challenging national health systems... more The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has disrupted daily life, challenging national health systems, stalling growth and affecting population in general. It was especially detrimental to vulnerable groups, which include people with disabilities, the elderly, impoverished people and indigenous populations. Additionally, crises in the food, health, security, employment and labor sectors have troubled the economic and social world structures. Consequently, the pandemic has seen workers suffered from malnutrition while exposing tens of millions to extreme poverty. Even today some are still stuck in these situations. Considering all the aforementioned, our document covers the global crisis caused by COVID-19 and proposes possible efforts that could be carried out to overcome its devastating consequences.

International Journal of Advanced Research in Multidisciplinary Sciences eISSN 2581-8996, Jan 30, 2020

This paper examines the trends and tendencies of revenues and expenditures of U.P. Thus, an attem... more This paper examines the trends and tendencies of revenues and expenditures of U.P. Thus, an attempt has been made to study the empirical behavior of revenues and expenditures of the state. After broadlining the structure of public revenue and expenditures of States, estimates relating to these are presented. This is subsequently followed by estimation of compound annual growth rates of aggregate revenue and aggregate expenditure. For estimating compound annual growth rate semi-log regression model is used. Also, linear regression model on aggregate expenditure to aggregate revenue has been used.

Traditionally governments were solely catering to the needs of improvement in living conditions o... more Traditionally governments were solely catering to the needs of improvement in living conditions of people but the demand is much more than is being supplied by government. In present day scenario corporate sector is reaping the benefits of policy change adopted since 1991 an era of privatization, globalization and marketization therefore it is expected from the corporate sector to contribute to the societal upliftment. The socio-economic inequalities need to be reduced, apart from governmental efforts capable groups needs to contribute. Apart from profit the role of business sector should also be to assist in solving social problems as society and business has high level of inter-linkages. Corporate Social Responsibility in India has passed through four phases of evolution and the current phase is a mix of traditional philanthropic activities and steps taken adopt CSR as a sustainable business strategy. With regard to the stakeholders they are skeptical that CSR approach lacks trans...

India is the third leading economy after the United State and China in Purchasing Power Parity (P... more India is the third leading economy after the United State and China in Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) terms. Our GDP is growing with 6.9% growth rate in the year 2011–12. In order to maintain growth rate of GDP as well as to achieve targeted growth rate for becoming developed economy, an acceleration of gross investment is needed. Gross investment of the economy is equal to the domestic investment both private & public, plus the foreign investment made by the foreigners, NRIs and OCBs. Among the foreign component, FDI has played a pivotal role in last two decades. The central concern of this paper is to analyze the trend of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Indian textile industry. For this purpose, the semi log regression model has been used. The analysis is based on annual time series data. The result reveals that trend of FDI inflows in all sectors is increased since 2000 with the peak of FDI inflows being reached in 2008–09 whereas the peak of FDI inflows in textile sectors bein...

International Journal of Advanced Research in Management and Social Sciences, 2015

The health of rural economy can be boosted through adoption of sustainable agriculture approach t... more The health of rural economy can be boosted through adoption of sustainable agriculture approach towards development. Large scale efforts are needed to increase production, productivity of agriculture and related products sustainably to be self-reliant and qualitatively feed our huge size of population. The quality of life and income of the farmers needs to be taken care of as it is nation's liability to care for those who feed the nation. Most of our farms are small in size therefore farmer needs more marketable surplus and climate resilient farming techniques. Knowledge, skill based and local natural resource model should be adopted instead of conventional “external input driven”. Gradual withdrawal of chemicals should be done which will boost the natural fauna and flora. The adoption of sustainable agriculture techniques will reduce cost of cultivation, increase yield, increase incomes, increase access to food, help in building social capital and building organic and chemical ...

Tribals have been divided into several tribal belts in India on the basis of physical characters ... more Tribals have been divided into several tribal belts in India on the basis of physical characters and other aspects of life. They live in forest hills and naturally isolated regions but some are in contact with people of modern culture either by migrating to cities for work, developmental projects if carried out in their area, people going to study their living and now government trying to bring them in purview of inclusive development. In the course of acculturation they have also been cheated by many so called civilized people who grabbed their land in lieu of providing assistance. They have to a great extent retained their traditions and customs as socially distinct communities in contrast to their counterparts. Tribal have attracted more and more scholars to study them. In developing societies tribal people have specific local knowledge as a result of close interaction with natural and physical environments and cultural adaptation being more eco-friendly and sustainable instead of encouraging tribal farmers to adopt input intensive agriculture the state departments should advocate the cultivation of crops organically. Sustainable practices have been followed by them then coming in contact with modern civilization had adopted unsustainable capital intensive practices in agriculture leading to problems of indebtedness. The present approach by government, non government organizations, research institutes again are teaching and reviving sustainable organic practices to tribal people for increasing their incomes. Tribal welfare is the concern for inclusive growth.

After pursuing an inward looking development strategy with the state assuming an important role f... more After pursuing an inward looking development strategy with the state assuming an important role for more than four decades, India decided to take a historic step of changing tracks in 1991. The essence of economic reforms is the dismantling of controls over the economy with the state yielding to market forces. Infact, the pillars of these reforms have been privatization, marketisation, liberalization and globalization. The imperatives of economic reforms are 'deregulation' ' decontrol' 'delicensing' and ' devaluation'. The pro development literature enforces that with rapid industrialization economic inequalities will be reduced substantially. It was thought that poverty will automatically reduce. In context of inequalities growth story is impressive in the service sector and in particular in Information Technology, the rural agricultural economy has shown negative growth and unemployment among the rural poor has increased. The second generation reforms are needed to focus on 'inward looking strategies' keeping in mind that India being a developing economy, too much dependence on foreign capital and technology will expose it to open international competition which it cannot withstand due to certain structural bottlenecks.

In the federal set up, debt of constituent units is interlinked substantially with that of centra... more In the federal set up, debt of constituent units is interlinked substantially with that of central government as well as with other macroeconomic aggregates. Therefore, it becomes inevitable to study the behavioural relationship between fiscal variables of States and debt dynamics of States. This paper examines the debt structure of Uttar Pradesh (U.P.) since it occupies a central place in Indian federal fiscal system due to its large population size. The main objectives are: to analyze the dynamics of government borrowing in U.P. and to explore the impact of fiscal reforms and FRBM Act on composition of fiscal deficit. Fiscal imbalance in U.P. was found much higher as compared to other states and U.P.'s development was heavily constrained by severe fiscal crisis reflected in deterioration in revenue and fiscal balance relative to GSDP towards the end of the nineties. Improvement was witnessed due to adoption of fiscal reforms and introduction of Fiscal Responsibility Budget Management (FRBM) Act in 2004 in U.P.

In this paper the focus is on tracing out the need and contours of the state level fiscal reforms... more In this paper the focus is on tracing out the need and contours of the state level fiscal reforms in the perspective of fiscal crisis with which the government has been confronting with. Before examining the specifics of fiscal reforms in UP, some emerging core issues in the realm of state level fiscal reforms have been indicated. The trends and tendencies clearly indicate that U.P. is on the track of fiscal reforms with almost all major fiscal indicators of fiscal sustainability evincing improvement. Since, 2006-07 a very positive trend in the state finances has been observed in terms of 'revenue surplus'. This is a clear-cut evidence of 'fiscal efficiency' attributable to the strategy of fiscal correction. Thus, FRBM Act 2004 has yielded positive results. The need is to sustain the process of fiscal consolidation.

Asian Journal of Research in Business Economics and Management, 2015

Asian Journal of Research in Business Economics and Management, 2014

Desafíos: Economía y Empresa

International Journal of Advanced Research in Multidisciplinary Sciences eISSN 2581-8996, Jan 30, 2020

International Journal of Advanced Research in Management and Social Sciences, 2015

In the federal set up, debt of constituent units is interlinked substantially with that of centra... more In the federal set up, debt of constituent units is interlinked substantially with that of central government as well as with other macroeconomic aggregates. Therefore, it becomes inevitable to study the behavioural relationship between fiscal variables of States and debt dynamics of States. This paper examines the debt structure of Uttar Pradesh (U.P.) since it occupies a central place in Indian federal fiscal system due to its large population size. The main objectives are: to analyze the dynamics of government borrowing in U.P. and to explore the impact of fiscal reforms and FRBM Act on composition of fiscal deficit. Fiscal imbalance in U.P. was found much higher as compared to other states and U.P.'s development was heavily constrained by severe fiscal crisis reflected in deterioration in revenue and fiscal balance relative to GSDP towards the end of the nineties. Improvement was witnessed due to adoption of fiscal reforms and introduction of Fiscal Responsibility Budget Management (FRBM) Act in 2004 in U.P.