Martin Fischer | Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (original) (raw)
Papers by Martin Fischer
![Research paper thumbnail of Konzeption und Erfahrungen mit dem deutschen Master of Medical Education (MME)-Studiengang des medizinischen Fakultätentages (MFT) an der Medizinischen Fakultät Heidelberg []](https://attachments.academia-assets.com/114399750/thumbnails/1.jpg)
](DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), May 1, 2006
GMS Zeitschrift für Medizinische Ausbildung, Nov 1, 2013
Abstract Background:Effectiveteamperformanceisessentialinthedeliveryofhigh-qualityhealth-care.Lea... more Abstract Background:Effectiveteamperformanceisessentialinthedeliveryofhigh-qualityhealth-care.Leadershipskillsthereforeareanimportant JanKiesewetter 1 MarionSchmidt-Huber 2 partofphysicians’everydayclinicallife.Todate,thedevelopmentofleadershipskillsareunderrepresentedinmedicalcurricula.Appropriate JanineNetzel 2 trainingmethodsforequippingdoctorswiththeseleadershipskillsare AlexandraC.Krohn 2,3 highlydesirable. MatthiasAngstwurm 4 Objective:Thereviewaimstosummarizethefindingsinthecurrentlit-eratureregardingtraininginleadershipskillsinmedicineandtriestointegratethefindingstoguidefutureresearchandtrainingdevelopment. MartinR.Fischer 5 Method:ThePubMED,ERIC,andPsycArticles,PsycINFO,PSYNDEXandAcademicsearchcompleteofEBSCOhostweresearchedfortraining 1MunichUniversityHospital,LMUUniversity,Munich, ofleadershipskillsinmedicineinGermanandEnglish.Relevantarticles Germany wereidentifiedandfindingswereintegratedandconsolidatedregarding 2Ludwig-Maximilians- theleadershipprinciples,targetgroupoftrainingandnumberofparti-
Background:Effectiveteamperformanceisessentialinthedeliveryofhigh-qualityhealth-care.Leadershipsk... more Background:Effectiveteamperformanceisessentialinthedeliveryofhigh-qualityhealth-care.Leadershipskillsthereforeareanimportant JanKiesewetter 1 MarionSchmidt-Huber 2 partofphysicians’everydayclinicallife.Todate,thedevelopmentofleadershipskillsareunderrepresentedinmedicalcurricula.Appropriate JanineNetzel 2 trainingmethodsforequippingdoctorswiththeseleadershipskillsare AlexandraC.Krohn 2,3 highlydesirable. MatthiasAngstwurm 4 Objective:Thereviewaimstosummarizethefindingsinthecurrentlit-eratureregardingtraininginleadershipskillsinmedicineandtriestointegratethefindingstoguidefutureresearchandtrainingdevelopment. MartinR.Fischer 5 Method:ThePubMED,ERIC,andPsycArticles,PsycINFO,PSYNDEXandAcademicsearchcompleteofEBSCOhostweresearchedfortraining 1MunichUniversityHospital,LMUUniversity,Munich, ofleadershipskillsinmedicineinGermanandEnglish.Relevantarticles Germany wereidentifiedandfindingswereintegratedandconsolidatedregarding 2Ludwig-Maximilians- theleadershipprinciples,targetgroupoftraining...
GMS Journal for Medical Education, 2018
Objective: Representations are mental summaries of a clinical case and help in understanding a cl... more Objective: Representations are mental summaries of a clinical case and help in understanding a clinical problem. However, it is still largely unknown which clinical information medical students include in their case representations. In this study, therefore, the structure and quality of students’ case representations were examined to better understand the diagnostic process and its relationship to diagnostic accuracy. What information do medical students include in their representations and is there an association between this information and the diagnostic accuracy? Method: 43 medical students in the fourth and fifth clinical year worked on four clinical cases. During the diagnostic process, they were asked three times per case to write a case representation. 516 representations were qualitatively evaluated using a content-based coding scheme. An analysis was made of the nature and composition of the clinical information. In addition, the association between the general representat...
GMS Journal for Medical Education, 2020
Objective: ECG interpretation is prone to errors that can lead to relevant misdiagnoses and incor... more Objective: ECG interpretation is prone to errors that can lead to relevant misdiagnoses and incorrect treatment. Prompts are one way in lectures to encourage learning from one’s own mistakes and to reduce error rates. Prompts are measures such as questions, hints, and suggestions of content-related or metacognitive nature, which can lead to self-explanation in the learner and thus to a deeper understanding of an issue. The aim of the study was therefore to investigate whether the use of prompts can reduce the error rate in ECG interpretation among students. Method: In a 2x2 experimental test and control group design, N=100 final year medical students carried out ECG interpretation tasks in the form of online case vignettes in CASUS®. In these tasks, justification prompts (B) and error analysis prompts (F) were systematically varied in four groups and the learning success was measured using a knowledge test. In addition, prior knowledge in ECG interpretation, motivation, interest in ...
GMS Journal for Medical Education, 2019
Background: Clinical reasoning is one of the central competencies in everyday clinical practice. ... more Background: Clinical reasoning is one of the central competencies in everyday clinical practice. Diagnostic competence is often measured based on diagnostic accuracy. It is implicitly assumed that a correct diagnosis is based on a proper diagnostic process, although this has never been empirically tested. The frequency and nature of errors in students’ diagnostic processes in correctly solved cases was analyzed in this study. Method: 148 medical students processed 15 virtual patient cases in internal medicine. After each case, they were asked to state their final diagnosis and justify it. These explanations were qualitatively analyzed and assigned to one of the following three categories: correct explanation, incorrect explanation and diagnosis guessed right. Results: The correct diagnosis was made 1,135 times out of 2,080 diagnostic processes. The analysis of the associated diagnostic explanations showed that 92% (1,042) reasoning processes were correct, 7% (80) were incorrect, and...
GMS Journal for Medical Education, 2020
Medical education has the responsibility to react to developments and changing demands in healthc... more Medical education has the responsibility to react to developments and changing demands in healthcare. This implies the need for experts in the area of medical education as well as nationally coordinated initiatives. An innovative model based on trans-institutional cooperation and nationwide consensus for establishing a master’s degree course in Medical Education (MME) and long-term results are presented here to other countries and other programs, facing similar challenges. A MME program with the following goals was implemented at the Medical Faculty of Heidelberg University, Germany, in 2004: Qualification of leaders in medical faculties, professionalization and improvement of teaching quality, promotion of nationwide and international exchange, and stimulation of research in medical education. Since then, 15 cohorts with a total of 380 participants have started their studies, 179 participants have graduated and 90 publications resulted from the master’s theses (as at November 2018)...
BMC Medical Education, 2020
Introduction Clinical reasoning has been fostered with varying case formats including the use of ... more Introduction Clinical reasoning has been fostered with varying case formats including the use of virtual patients. Existing literature points to different conclusions regarding which format is most beneficial for learners with diverse levels of prior knowledge. We designed our study to better understand which case format affects clinical reasoning outcomes and cognitive load, dependent on medical students’ prior knowledge. Methods Overall, 142 medical students (3 rd to 6 th year) were randomly assigned to either a whole case or serial cue case format. Participants worked on eight virtual patients in their respective case format. Outcomes included diagnostic accuracy, knowledge, and cognitive load. Results We found no effect of case format on strategic knowledge scores pre- vs post-test (whole case learning gain = 3, 95% CI. -.01 to .01, serial cue learning gain = 3, 95% CI. -.06 to .00 p = .50). In both case formats, students with high baseline knowledge (determined by median split ...
GMS journal for medical education, 2017
Aim: With the resolution from April 28, 2014, the Bavarian state government in Germany decided to... more Aim: With the resolution from April 28, 2014, the Bavarian state government in Germany decided to found a new medical school at Augsburg University, thereby requiring the development of a competency-based medical curriculum. Methods: Two interdisciplinary groups developed a spiral curriculum (following Harden) employing the model of Thumser-Dauth & Öchsner. The curriculum focuses on specifically defined competencies: medical expertise, independent scientific reasoning, argumentation and scholarship, as well as communication skills. Results: The spiral curriculum was developed as a hybrid curriculum. Its modular structure incorporates the mandatory subjects required by the German regulations for medical licensure (Approbationsordnung) into organ- and system-centered blocks which are integrated both horizontally and vertically. Basic preclinical sciences are covered in the blocks "Movement," "Balance" and "Contact." The clinical sciences are organized acc...
GMS journal for medical education, 2017
Introduction: Topics of patient safety are being taught increasingly within medical eudcation. To... more Introduction: Topics of patient safety are being taught increasingly within medical eudcation. To date, however, there is no suitable means of measuring the status quo of medical students' attitudes towards patient safety in German-speaking Europe. The German validation of a short version of the Attitude towards Patient Safety Questionnaire (G-APSQshort) is meant to fill this gap with the aid of two validation studies. Methods: In Study 1, item and reliability analyses were used to examine internal consistency as well as factorial structure. In Study 2, the measurement sensitivity of the G-APSQshort in detecting changes in attitudes was assessed. Results: Study 1 comprised N=83 participants (M=23.16 years; 21 female). Adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's α=.722-.903) was reached in 6 of the seven subscales. The factor analysis showed that the six extracted factors matched the theoretically conceived subscales. Study 2 comprised N=21 participants (M=26 years; 11 female)....
GMS journal for medical education, 2016
The university medicine in Germany is indispensable. There is no doubt about that. In its stateme... more The university medicine in Germany is indispensable. There is no doubt about that. In its statement on the "Perspective of University Medicine" [1] published on October 21, 2016, the Science Council ("Wissenschaftsrat") rightly stated that university medicine is the interface between the science and health system "with its singular task of research, teaching and healthcare (p. 17). Patients should be treated as best as possible according to the most up-to-date rules of medical practice. To this end, innovation is needed, which results from research only. But what is also needed and indispensable is teaching to pass on the new knowledge. And to create a common foundation of knowledge, skills and attitudes, so that relevant research questions can arise to improve health care. Translational research from the bench to the bedside and back. An important cycle that runs the risk of stagnation since basic medical researchers are generally no physicians anymore and clinicians are no longer doing enough research. Without a translational research that connects basic medicine with clinical medicine, the central functions of the university medicine cannot be sustained, according to the scientific council: "Scientifically and clinically active university physicians need reliable scope for development and conditions, that allows them to work on specific subject-related as well as interdisciplinary research questions within the clinical context. Only these prerequis-1/6
GMS journal for medical education, 2016
During their formal studies medical students acquire extensive medical expertise. However, the me... more During their formal studies medical students acquire extensive medical expertise. However, the medical profession demands additional competencies, such as those involved in efficient resource allocation, business administration, development, organization, and process management in the healthcare system. At present students are not sufficiently prepared for the physician's role as manager. In response, we designed the seminar course, MeCuM-SiGma, to impart basic knowledge about healthcare policy and management to students of medicine. This project report describes our teaching strategies and the initial evaluation of this educational project. In this semester-long, seminar course introduced in 2010, medical students gather experience with the competencies mentioned above as well as learn basic management skills. The course is offered each winter semester, and students sign up to attend voluntarily; course coordination and organization is done on a voluntary basis by physicians an...
GMS journal for medical education, 2016
In describing the inverted classroom model (ICM), the following paper is meant to provide an intr... more In describing the inverted classroom model (ICM), the following paper is meant to provide an introduction to the subject matter and to serve as a practical guide for those wishing to employ its methods in basic and advanced medical training and education. The ICM is a blended-learning method in which a self-directed learning phase (individual phase) precedes the classroom-instruction phase. During the online phase, factual knowledge is imparted that serves as a basis for the classroom phase. The classroom phase should subsequently be used to assimilate and implement the previously gained knowledge. In contrast, traditional course concepts impart factual knowledge in lectures, for example, or in other face-to-face teaching formats and are followed by the students' self-instruction in order to assimilate this knowledge. The goal of the ICM is the shift from passive learning to accelerated learning in order to foster learning at cognitively demanding levels such as analysis, synthe...
GMS journal for medical education, 2016
With its so-called Masterplan for Medical Education ("Masterplan Medizinstudium") 2020, the Germa... more With its so-called Masterplan for Medical Education ("Masterplan Medizinstudium") 2020, the German government together with the federal states intends to develop measures with the aim of enabling a more targeted selection of study applicants, increase the orientation towards practice, and strengthen the primary care aspects throughout the studies [Shaping Germany's Future, coalition treaty between CDU, CSU and SPD, retrieved 30.1.2016]. In the internet, one can already find a variety of statements as well as suggestions for according measures by the Medical Faculty Association (MFT), German Medical Students' Association (bvmd), German Medical Association, German physicians' union (Marburger Bund, Hartmannbund), as well as some societies within the Association of Scientific Medical Societies in Germany (AWMF). These various perspectives paint a multi-faceted and partly contradicting image of recommendations. However, what most of these recommendations have in common is that they are not based on scientific evidence.
GMS Zeitschrift für medizinische Ausbildung, 2015
This is the original (English) version. The translated (German) version starts at p. 4.
Medical students often lack the ability to develop strategies for problem solving based on adequa... more Medical students often lack the ability to develop strategies for problem solving based on adequate diagnostic and therapeutic measures. Case studies are an appropriate learning as well as examining tool for this purpose. For in-house examinations new computer based examinations are playing an important role, because they permit a chronological approach to clinical cases. At the same time this method allows the use of new question and answer formats. Based on this background CASUS was introduced at the Heinrich-Heine-University of Duesseldorf as a mandatory case and computer-based learning system including an online computer-based exam for the first time in Germany. About 140 students participated in the examination which was held at the university’s computer centre. The introduction of the online examination led to a significant increase in the use of the CASUS study cases during the term. The study cases as well as the online examination were accepted very well among the students....
World Conference on the WWW and Internet, 1997
GMS Zeitschrift für medizinische Ausbildung, 2010
The Medical Curriculum Munich (MeCuM) has been implemented since 2004 and was completely establis... more The Medical Curriculum Munich (MeCuM) has been implemented since 2004 and was completely established in 2007. In this study the clinical part of MeCuM was evaluated with respect to retention of the knowledge in internal medicine (learning objectives of the 6th/7th semester). In summer of 2009 and winter of 2009/2010 1065 students participated in the Progress Test Medizin (PTM) from Charité Medical School Berlin. Additionally the students answered a questionnaire regarding the acceptance and rating of the progress test and basic demographic data. The knowledge of internal medicine continuously increases during the clinical part of the medical curriculum in Munich. However, significant differences between the sub-disciplines of internal medicine could be observed. The overall acceptance of the PTM was high and increased further with the study progress. Interestingly, practical experiences like clinical clerkships positively influenced the test score. The PTM is a useful tool for the e...
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), May 1, 2006
GMS Zeitschrift für Medizinische Ausbildung, Nov 1, 2013
Abstract Background:Effectiveteamperformanceisessentialinthedeliveryofhigh-qualityhealth-care.Lea... more Abstract Background:Effectiveteamperformanceisessentialinthedeliveryofhigh-qualityhealth-care.Leadershipskillsthereforeareanimportant JanKiesewetter 1 MarionSchmidt-Huber 2 partofphysicians’everydayclinicallife.Todate,thedevelopmentofleadershipskillsareunderrepresentedinmedicalcurricula.Appropriate JanineNetzel 2 trainingmethodsforequippingdoctorswiththeseleadershipskillsare AlexandraC.Krohn 2,3 highlydesirable. MatthiasAngstwurm 4 Objective:Thereviewaimstosummarizethefindingsinthecurrentlit-eratureregardingtraininginleadershipskillsinmedicineandtriestointegratethefindingstoguidefutureresearchandtrainingdevelopment. MartinR.Fischer 5 Method:ThePubMED,ERIC,andPsycArticles,PsycINFO,PSYNDEXandAcademicsearchcompleteofEBSCOhostweresearchedfortraining 1MunichUniversityHospital,LMUUniversity,Munich, ofleadershipskillsinmedicineinGermanandEnglish.Relevantarticles Germany wereidentifiedandfindingswereintegratedandconsolidatedregarding 2Ludwig-Maximilians- theleadershipprinciples,targetgroupoftrainingandnumberofparti-
Background:Effectiveteamperformanceisessentialinthedeliveryofhigh-qualityhealth-care.Leadershipsk... more Background:Effectiveteamperformanceisessentialinthedeliveryofhigh-qualityhealth-care.Leadershipskillsthereforeareanimportant JanKiesewetter 1 MarionSchmidt-Huber 2 partofphysicians’everydayclinicallife.Todate,thedevelopmentofleadershipskillsareunderrepresentedinmedicalcurricula.Appropriate JanineNetzel 2 trainingmethodsforequippingdoctorswiththeseleadershipskillsare AlexandraC.Krohn 2,3 highlydesirable. MatthiasAngstwurm 4 Objective:Thereviewaimstosummarizethefindingsinthecurrentlit-eratureregardingtraininginleadershipskillsinmedicineandtriestointegratethefindingstoguidefutureresearchandtrainingdevelopment. MartinR.Fischer 5 Method:ThePubMED,ERIC,andPsycArticles,PsycINFO,PSYNDEXandAcademicsearchcompleteofEBSCOhostweresearchedfortraining 1MunichUniversityHospital,LMUUniversity,Munich, ofleadershipskillsinmedicineinGermanandEnglish.Relevantarticles Germany wereidentifiedandfindingswereintegratedandconsolidatedregarding 2Ludwig-Maximilians- theleadershipprinciples,targetgroupoftraining...
GMS Journal for Medical Education, 2018
Objective: Representations are mental summaries of a clinical case and help in understanding a cl... more Objective: Representations are mental summaries of a clinical case and help in understanding a clinical problem. However, it is still largely unknown which clinical information medical students include in their case representations. In this study, therefore, the structure and quality of students’ case representations were examined to better understand the diagnostic process and its relationship to diagnostic accuracy. What information do medical students include in their representations and is there an association between this information and the diagnostic accuracy? Method: 43 medical students in the fourth and fifth clinical year worked on four clinical cases. During the diagnostic process, they were asked three times per case to write a case representation. 516 representations were qualitatively evaluated using a content-based coding scheme. An analysis was made of the nature and composition of the clinical information. In addition, the association between the general representat...
GMS Journal for Medical Education, 2020
Objective: ECG interpretation is prone to errors that can lead to relevant misdiagnoses and incor... more Objective: ECG interpretation is prone to errors that can lead to relevant misdiagnoses and incorrect treatment. Prompts are one way in lectures to encourage learning from one’s own mistakes and to reduce error rates. Prompts are measures such as questions, hints, and suggestions of content-related or metacognitive nature, which can lead to self-explanation in the learner and thus to a deeper understanding of an issue. The aim of the study was therefore to investigate whether the use of prompts can reduce the error rate in ECG interpretation among students. Method: In a 2x2 experimental test and control group design, N=100 final year medical students carried out ECG interpretation tasks in the form of online case vignettes in CASUS®. In these tasks, justification prompts (B) and error analysis prompts (F) were systematically varied in four groups and the learning success was measured using a knowledge test. In addition, prior knowledge in ECG interpretation, motivation, interest in ...
GMS Journal for Medical Education, 2019
Background: Clinical reasoning is one of the central competencies in everyday clinical practice. ... more Background: Clinical reasoning is one of the central competencies in everyday clinical practice. Diagnostic competence is often measured based on diagnostic accuracy. It is implicitly assumed that a correct diagnosis is based on a proper diagnostic process, although this has never been empirically tested. The frequency and nature of errors in students’ diagnostic processes in correctly solved cases was analyzed in this study. Method: 148 medical students processed 15 virtual patient cases in internal medicine. After each case, they were asked to state their final diagnosis and justify it. These explanations were qualitatively analyzed and assigned to one of the following three categories: correct explanation, incorrect explanation and diagnosis guessed right. Results: The correct diagnosis was made 1,135 times out of 2,080 diagnostic processes. The analysis of the associated diagnostic explanations showed that 92% (1,042) reasoning processes were correct, 7% (80) were incorrect, and...
GMS Journal for Medical Education, 2020
Medical education has the responsibility to react to developments and changing demands in healthc... more Medical education has the responsibility to react to developments and changing demands in healthcare. This implies the need for experts in the area of medical education as well as nationally coordinated initiatives. An innovative model based on trans-institutional cooperation and nationwide consensus for establishing a master’s degree course in Medical Education (MME) and long-term results are presented here to other countries and other programs, facing similar challenges. A MME program with the following goals was implemented at the Medical Faculty of Heidelberg University, Germany, in 2004: Qualification of leaders in medical faculties, professionalization and improvement of teaching quality, promotion of nationwide and international exchange, and stimulation of research in medical education. Since then, 15 cohorts with a total of 380 participants have started their studies, 179 participants have graduated and 90 publications resulted from the master’s theses (as at November 2018)...
BMC Medical Education, 2020
Introduction Clinical reasoning has been fostered with varying case formats including the use of ... more Introduction Clinical reasoning has been fostered with varying case formats including the use of virtual patients. Existing literature points to different conclusions regarding which format is most beneficial for learners with diverse levels of prior knowledge. We designed our study to better understand which case format affects clinical reasoning outcomes and cognitive load, dependent on medical students’ prior knowledge. Methods Overall, 142 medical students (3 rd to 6 th year) were randomly assigned to either a whole case or serial cue case format. Participants worked on eight virtual patients in their respective case format. Outcomes included diagnostic accuracy, knowledge, and cognitive load. Results We found no effect of case format on strategic knowledge scores pre- vs post-test (whole case learning gain = 3, 95% CI. -.01 to .01, serial cue learning gain = 3, 95% CI. -.06 to .00 p = .50). In both case formats, students with high baseline knowledge (determined by median split ...
GMS journal for medical education, 2017
Aim: With the resolution from April 28, 2014, the Bavarian state government in Germany decided to... more Aim: With the resolution from April 28, 2014, the Bavarian state government in Germany decided to found a new medical school at Augsburg University, thereby requiring the development of a competency-based medical curriculum. Methods: Two interdisciplinary groups developed a spiral curriculum (following Harden) employing the model of Thumser-Dauth & Öchsner. The curriculum focuses on specifically defined competencies: medical expertise, independent scientific reasoning, argumentation and scholarship, as well as communication skills. Results: The spiral curriculum was developed as a hybrid curriculum. Its modular structure incorporates the mandatory subjects required by the German regulations for medical licensure (Approbationsordnung) into organ- and system-centered blocks which are integrated both horizontally and vertically. Basic preclinical sciences are covered in the blocks "Movement," "Balance" and "Contact." The clinical sciences are organized acc...
GMS journal for medical education, 2017
Introduction: Topics of patient safety are being taught increasingly within medical eudcation. To... more Introduction: Topics of patient safety are being taught increasingly within medical eudcation. To date, however, there is no suitable means of measuring the status quo of medical students' attitudes towards patient safety in German-speaking Europe. The German validation of a short version of the Attitude towards Patient Safety Questionnaire (G-APSQshort) is meant to fill this gap with the aid of two validation studies. Methods: In Study 1, item and reliability analyses were used to examine internal consistency as well as factorial structure. In Study 2, the measurement sensitivity of the G-APSQshort in detecting changes in attitudes was assessed. Results: Study 1 comprised N=83 participants (M=23.16 years; 21 female). Adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's α=.722-.903) was reached in 6 of the seven subscales. The factor analysis showed that the six extracted factors matched the theoretically conceived subscales. Study 2 comprised N=21 participants (M=26 years; 11 female)....
GMS journal for medical education, 2016
The university medicine in Germany is indispensable. There is no doubt about that. In its stateme... more The university medicine in Germany is indispensable. There is no doubt about that. In its statement on the "Perspective of University Medicine" [1] published on October 21, 2016, the Science Council ("Wissenschaftsrat") rightly stated that university medicine is the interface between the science and health system "with its singular task of research, teaching and healthcare (p. 17). Patients should be treated as best as possible according to the most up-to-date rules of medical practice. To this end, innovation is needed, which results from research only. But what is also needed and indispensable is teaching to pass on the new knowledge. And to create a common foundation of knowledge, skills and attitudes, so that relevant research questions can arise to improve health care. Translational research from the bench to the bedside and back. An important cycle that runs the risk of stagnation since basic medical researchers are generally no physicians anymore and clinicians are no longer doing enough research. Without a translational research that connects basic medicine with clinical medicine, the central functions of the university medicine cannot be sustained, according to the scientific council: "Scientifically and clinically active university physicians need reliable scope for development and conditions, that allows them to work on specific subject-related as well as interdisciplinary research questions within the clinical context. Only these prerequis-1/6
GMS journal for medical education, 2016
During their formal studies medical students acquire extensive medical expertise. However, the me... more During their formal studies medical students acquire extensive medical expertise. However, the medical profession demands additional competencies, such as those involved in efficient resource allocation, business administration, development, organization, and process management in the healthcare system. At present students are not sufficiently prepared for the physician's role as manager. In response, we designed the seminar course, MeCuM-SiGma, to impart basic knowledge about healthcare policy and management to students of medicine. This project report describes our teaching strategies and the initial evaluation of this educational project. In this semester-long, seminar course introduced in 2010, medical students gather experience with the competencies mentioned above as well as learn basic management skills. The course is offered each winter semester, and students sign up to attend voluntarily; course coordination and organization is done on a voluntary basis by physicians an...
GMS journal for medical education, 2016
In describing the inverted classroom model (ICM), the following paper is meant to provide an intr... more In describing the inverted classroom model (ICM), the following paper is meant to provide an introduction to the subject matter and to serve as a practical guide for those wishing to employ its methods in basic and advanced medical training and education. The ICM is a blended-learning method in which a self-directed learning phase (individual phase) precedes the classroom-instruction phase. During the online phase, factual knowledge is imparted that serves as a basis for the classroom phase. The classroom phase should subsequently be used to assimilate and implement the previously gained knowledge. In contrast, traditional course concepts impart factual knowledge in lectures, for example, or in other face-to-face teaching formats and are followed by the students' self-instruction in order to assimilate this knowledge. The goal of the ICM is the shift from passive learning to accelerated learning in order to foster learning at cognitively demanding levels such as analysis, synthe...
GMS journal for medical education, 2016
With its so-called Masterplan for Medical Education ("Masterplan Medizinstudium") 2020, the Germa... more With its so-called Masterplan for Medical Education ("Masterplan Medizinstudium") 2020, the German government together with the federal states intends to develop measures with the aim of enabling a more targeted selection of study applicants, increase the orientation towards practice, and strengthen the primary care aspects throughout the studies [Shaping Germany's Future, coalition treaty between CDU, CSU and SPD, retrieved 30.1.2016]. In the internet, one can already find a variety of statements as well as suggestions for according measures by the Medical Faculty Association (MFT), German Medical Students' Association (bvmd), German Medical Association, German physicians' union (Marburger Bund, Hartmannbund), as well as some societies within the Association of Scientific Medical Societies in Germany (AWMF). These various perspectives paint a multi-faceted and partly contradicting image of recommendations. However, what most of these recommendations have in common is that they are not based on scientific evidence.
GMS Zeitschrift für medizinische Ausbildung, 2015
This is the original (English) version. The translated (German) version starts at p. 4.
Medical students often lack the ability to develop strategies for problem solving based on adequa... more Medical students often lack the ability to develop strategies for problem solving based on adequate diagnostic and therapeutic measures. Case studies are an appropriate learning as well as examining tool for this purpose. For in-house examinations new computer based examinations are playing an important role, because they permit a chronological approach to clinical cases. At the same time this method allows the use of new question and answer formats. Based on this background CASUS was introduced at the Heinrich-Heine-University of Duesseldorf as a mandatory case and computer-based learning system including an online computer-based exam for the first time in Germany. About 140 students participated in the examination which was held at the university’s computer centre. The introduction of the online examination led to a significant increase in the use of the CASUS study cases during the term. The study cases as well as the online examination were accepted very well among the students....
World Conference on the WWW and Internet, 1997
GMS Zeitschrift für medizinische Ausbildung, 2010
The Medical Curriculum Munich (MeCuM) has been implemented since 2004 and was completely establis... more The Medical Curriculum Munich (MeCuM) has been implemented since 2004 and was completely established in 2007. In this study the clinical part of MeCuM was evaluated with respect to retention of the knowledge in internal medicine (learning objectives of the 6th/7th semester). In summer of 2009 and winter of 2009/2010 1065 students participated in the Progress Test Medizin (PTM) from Charité Medical School Berlin. Additionally the students answered a questionnaire regarding the acceptance and rating of the progress test and basic demographic data. The knowledge of internal medicine continuously increases during the clinical part of the medical curriculum in Munich. However, significant differences between the sub-disciplines of internal medicine could be observed. The overall acceptance of the PTM was high and increased further with the study progress. Interestingly, practical experiences like clinical clerkships positively influenced the test score. The PTM is a useful tool for the e...