Guido Carlo Pigliasco | University of Hawaii at Manoa (original) (raw)

Books by Guido Carlo Pigliasco

Firenze University Press, 2020

Emerging from more than two decades of research in the field and in the archives, the essays coll... more Emerging from more than two decades of research in the field and in the archives, the essays collected here explore the multifaceted topic of the Fijian firewalking ceremony, the vilavilairevo. The collection examines the intersection of the intertwined topics of cultural property, reproduction of tradition, and change with issues of (post)colonial representation, authenticity, and ethnic identity. The essays advance new insights on the tourist gaze and the safeguarding of intangible cultural heritage and pose serious questions regarding the role of digital and social media as tools for preserving cultural legacies and extending traditional cultural worlds into new domains. Focusing on the response of the Sawau tribe of the island of Beqa to the commodification of the vilavilairevo as their iconic practice, this essay collection ultimately illuminates how the Christian cultural dynamics and unprecedented dogmatic schism surrounding the vilavilairevo spectacle are reshaping local notions of heritage, social sentiment, and social capital.

At Home and In the Field: Ethnographic Encounters In Asia and the Pacific Islands, 2015

Crossing disciplinary boundaries, At Home and in the Field is an anthology of twenty-first centur... more Crossing disciplinary boundaries, At Home and in the Field is an anthology of twenty-first century ethnographic research and writing about the global worlds of home and disjuncture in Asia and the Pacific Islands. These stories reveal novel insights into the serendipitous nature of fieldwork. Unique in its inclusion of "homework"—ethnography that directly engages with issues and identities in which the ethnographer finds political solidarity and belonging in fields at home—the anthology contributes to growing trends that complicate the distinction between "insiders" and "outsiders." The obligations that fieldwork engenders among researchers and local communities are exemplified by contributors who are often socially engaged with the peoples and places they work. In its focus on Asia and the Pacific Islands, the collection offers ethnographic updates on topics that range from ritual money burning in China to the militarization of Hawai'i to the social role of text messages in identifying marriage partners in Vanuatu to the cultural power of robots in Japan. Thought provoking, sometimes humorous, these cultural encounters will resonate with readers and provide valuable talking points for exploring the human diversity that makes the study of ourselves and each other simultaneously rewarding and challenging.

Storie Straordinarie di Italiani nel Pacifico portrays the narratives and memoirs of unhonored, e... more Storie Straordinarie di Italiani nel Pacifico portrays the narratives and memoirs of unhonored, enigmatic, buried in oblivion Italian pioneers in fin-de-siècle Oceania intersecting and clashing with the postmodern clichés populating the mind of Italian literati, cinematographers, and the pages of popular magazines and comic books.

Its content and nostalgic cover à la Hugo Pratt are winning the attention of the book review sections on Italian newspapers and media. Without any doubt, one of the very few publications in Italian about Italians involved in that 1/3 of the globe historically ignored and often misrepresented in Italy.

Introduction by Marco Cuzzi; Chapters from Matteo Aria, Louis Bousquet & Lorenz Gonschor, Lorenzo Brutti & Elisabetta Gnecchi-Ruscone, Gaia Cottino, Elisabetta de Dominis & Paola Predolin, Incoronata Inserra, Massimo Morello, Alessandro Marzo-Magno, Antonio Pagliaro, Andrea Vento; Epilogue by Guido Carlo Pigliasco; Afterword by Laura Scarpa.

Crossing disciplinary boundaries, At Home and in the Field: Ethnographic Encounters in Asia and t... more Crossing disciplinary boundaries, At Home and in the Field: Ethnographic Encounters in Asia and the Pacific Islands is an anthology of twenty-first century ethnographic research and writing about the global worlds of home and disjuncture in Asia and the Pacific Islands. These stories reveal novel insights into the serendipitous nature of fieldwork. Unique in its inclusion of “homework”— ethnography that directly engages with issues and identities in which the ethnographer finds political solidarity and belonging in fields at home —the anthology contributes to growing trends that complicate the distinction between “insiders” and “outsiders.” The obligations that fieldwork engenders among researchers and local communities are exemplified by contributors who are often socially engaged with the peoples and places they work. In its focus on Asia and the Pacific Islands, the collection offers ethnographic updates on topics that range from ritual money burning in China to the militarization of Hawai‘i to the social role of text messages in identifying marriage partners in Vanuatu to the cultural power of robots in Japan. Thought provoking, sometimes humorous, these ethnographic encounters will resonate with readers and provide valuable talking points for exploring the human diversity that makes the study of ourselves and each other simultaneously rewarding and challenging.

Comunque è qui che vorrei portarvi, nelle spiagge, dove tutto appare un po' relativo, mutato, dov... more Comunque è qui che vorrei portarvi, nelle spiagge, dove tutto appare un po' relativo, mutato, dove la tradizione è tanto inventata quanto tramandata, dove ciò che è diverso è sia una scoperta che il riflesso di qualcosa di amico.

Articles by Guido Carlo Pigliasco

Anthropology News, Mar 13, 2014

People and Culture in Oceania (28), Dec 2012

This paper is a critical analysis of the rapid changes that have been taking place within the Saw... more This paper is a critical analysis of the rapid changes that have been taking place within the Sawau community on the Island of Beqa, Fiji, over the past ten years. The Fijian firewalking ceremony (vilavilairevo) traditionally performed only by members of the Sawau people is a prime example of a propitiation ritual that has become commodified to suit the requirements of tourism. More recently, the reproduction of tradition among the Sawau and their vilavilairevo practice is causing an unprecedented dogmatic schism between Fiji's Methodist Church and two Pentecostal churches. Over the last two centuries, the "gift" of firewalking has transmuted itself into a sociocultural tool that has consistently indigenized the power of the foreign, allowing its custodians to locally sustain their community and to gain a reach and respect across the nation and beyond. To disentangle the intertwined topics of tradition and change on the Island of Beqa, and understand whose cultural views and values are being privileged or debased, this paper pays close attention to the Christian cultural dynamics and social tensions surrounding the vilavilairevo created by a denominational opposition swiftly reshaping local notions of heritage, social sentiment, and social capital.

The Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (Jinbun Gahuko), Tokyo Metropolitan University, 2012

La Ricerca Folklorica (63), Apr 2011

International Journal of Cultural Property, Jan 1, 2009

Journal of Material Culture, Jan 1, 2005

Ligabue Magazine 29(2): 82-105, 1996

Ligabue Magazine 23(2): 50-67., 1993

Ligabue Magazine 38(1): 86-111, 2001

Firenze University Press, 2020

At Home and In the Field: Ethnographic Encounters In Asia and the Pacific Islands, 2015

Anthropology News, Mar 13, 2014

People and Culture in Oceania (28), Dec 2012

The Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (Jinbun Gahuko), Tokyo Metropolitan University, 2012

La Ricerca Folklorica (63), Apr 2011

International Journal of Cultural Property, Jan 1, 2009

Journal of Material Culture, Jan 1, 2005

Ligabue Magazine 29(2): 82-105, 1996

Ligabue Magazine 23(2): 50-67., 1993

Ligabue Magazine 38(1): 86-111, 2001

Il Giornale di Vicenza, 2018

Desiderio di conoscenza, doveri militari, commercio, fughe “all’inglese” o semplicemente l’anelit... more Desiderio di conoscenza, doveri militari, commercio, fughe “all’inglese” o semplicemente l’anelito a una vita migliore. Questi e altri motivi spinsero alcuni nostri connazionali “dall’altra parte del mondo”. Come il nume tutelare di tutti i viaggiatori dei Mari del Sud: il galantuomo di fortuna uscito dalla matita di Hugo Pratt, questi particolari individui spesso vissero vite straordinarie e romanzesche.
Il professor Marco Cuzzi assieme al collega antropologo Guido Carlo Pigliasco (seppur in absentia) ed al noto saggista Alessandro Marzo Magno racconteranno queste storie, a partire dalla collettanea Storie straordinarie di italiani nel Pacifico (a cura di Marco Cuzzi e Guido Carlo Pigliasco, Odoya, Bologna 2016), volume nato dalla collaborazione di autori italiani che risiedono tra l’Italia, le Hawaii e Bangkok.

Tutti gli eventi in programma a casaBASE necessitano di prenotazione obbligatoria presso l’info point del punto cardinale a partire da 45 minuti prima dell’incontro.

This paper is a combined reflection on a couple of recent publications: At Home and in the Field:... more This paper is a combined reflection on a couple of recent publications: At Home and in the Field: Ethnographic Encounters in Asia and the Pacific Islands (S. Finney, M. Mostafanezhad, G. C. Pigliasco and F. Young, eds. Hawai‘i University Press 2015) and Tides of Innovation: Value, Materiality, Aesthetics (A. Paini and L. Gnecchi-Ruscone, eds. ANU Press, forthcoming).

The paper examines the relevance of anthropology to the articulation of the complexity of property relations in relation to cultural heritage policies acquiring a new social and political value in Fiji and in the Pacific Island region. Just a decade ago, traditional knowledge and expressions of culture were not regarded as proper concerns of intellectual property laws. Today, Fiji and other Pacific Island countries are seeking a model that will influence government decision making towards explicit guidelines to regulate intellectual property and the management of cultural heritage in the service of positive nation-building and the development of cultural and creative industries. Drawing upon long term fieldwork and applied work in the region, my research shows how iTaukei (ethnic Fijian) notions of material and immaterial possessions, and kinship relationships are challenging notions of “ownership” and relations of culture and power in Fiji and Oceania.

Il Giornale di Vicenza, Jul 22, 2016

Biologi in Amazzonia, geologi in Lapponia, ingcgncri chc a 22 anni progettano oleodotti ai confin... more Biologi in Amazzonia, geologi in Lapponia, ingcgncri chc a 22 anni progettano oleodotti ai confini del pianeta. C'é chi difende le tribü dei Mari del Sud e chi vive nella Cajcnna dellc piattaformc petrolifcre. Sono gli espatriati off limits, giovani professionisti in fuga davvero spericolata ALESSANDRO SANDRIN. Nella foto durañte una spedizione in Lapponia. Lavora all'lstiluto geoiogico danese.

Tourism is a uniquely situated prism through which we can examine a fascinating range of issues such as cultural representation, identity, space/place, embodiment, development, inequality, globalization and cultural and environmental change. This stacked course offers students an opportunity to critically examine these contexts primarily using theoretical frameworks from anthropology, geography, and cultural studies.

ANTH 316 Highlights

writing-intensive; 2) weekly blogs; 3) zero-textbook-cost.

In addition to theorizing tourism practice, the participation of graduate students in this stacked course will allow undergraduate students to consider these issues in relation to ethnographic fieldwork—the cornerstone of cultural geography and anthropology—and the study of touristic phenomena. Graduate students not just will act as mentors to undergraduates and facilitate discussions throughout the semester but will be presenting to the class their ethnographic research project on a topic related to their interests.

ANTH 610 Highlights

ethnographic research; 2) critical précis; and 3) peer-reviewed academic publishing.

The goal of this course is to offer a comparative approach to the concept of culture and an analy... more The goal of this course is to offer a comparative approach to the concept of culture and an analysis of how culture structures the worlds in which we live. This course provides a general overview of cultural anthropology for both majors and non-majors, giving them a fundamental grasp of the distinctive interrogatives about culture and social institutions from an anthropological point of view. Cultural anthropology is the study of multicultural perspectives and cultural diversity of human societies. It examines human societies from their beginnings to the postindustrial age and considers the development of various forms of social organization and their significance for family and kinship, economics, politics, and religion. Culture is manifested through visible symbols embedded in gestures, ceremonies, ritual performances, and artifacts situated in various environments. The use of ethnographic films throughout this course conveys and shapes anthropological experience, knowledge, methods and perspectives.

Visual anthropology is today one of the most rapidly growing sub-field in cultural anthropology. ... more Visual anthropology is today one of the most rapidly growing sub-field in cultural anthropology. This course will consider the problems of representation, problems particular to visual media as well as problems of representation per se. This course has a Contemporary Ethical Issues Focus designation. Through the use of lectures, discussions and assignments, students will develop basic competency in recognizing and analyzing ethical issues, responsibly deliberating on ethical issues, and making ethically determined judgments...

Anthropology is a word-driven discipline. However, "it has tended to ignore the visual-pictorial ... more Anthropology is a word-driven discipline. However, "it has tended to ignore the visual-pictorial world perhaps because of distrust of the ability of images to convey abstract ideas" (Ruby, 1996). Visual anthropology is today one of the most rapidly growing sub-field in cultural anthropology. This course will consider the problems of representation, problems particular to visual media as well as problems of representation per se. Culture is manifested through visible symbols embedded in gestures, ceremonies, ritual performances, and artifacts situated in constructed and natural environments, from cave paintings to museum displays. The use of these visual aspects conveys and shapes anthropological knowledge. The main purpose of this course is to develop a critical and ethical awareness of the implications of who represents who to whom, and how. This will be accomplished through a combination of readings in visual anthropology, the screening of selected films, and discussions. This course is writing intensive yet is not meant to be a hands-on production course. Students will be introduced to the history of visual anthropology and ethnographic film, as well as contemporary developments that have widened the possibilities of visual anthropology beyond its early confines as a tool for illustration.

As a mode of travel, interaction, and experience, tourism has become an integral part of all soci... more As a mode of travel, interaction, and experience, tourism has become an integral part of all societies, eliciting poignant, complex responses. The course will go through interactions and mobilities to examine the categories and meanings by which tourism impacts people's lives. While we are maintaining a Hawaiian, Pacific Island focus, case studies are taken from around the world in particular from Europe to explore the social, ethical, cultural, semiotic and ecological outcomes of such touristic processes, including the psycho-cultural motivations, and issues related to globalization, economic development, cross-cultural communication, ethnicity, nationalism and gender. Tourism is a uniquely situated prism through which we can examine a fascinating range of issues such as cultural representation, identity, space/place, embodiment, development, inequality, globalization and cultural and environmental change. This stacked course offers students an opportunity to critically examine these contexts primarily using theoretical frameworks from anthropology, geography, and cultural studies. Course material All the readings listed in the syllabus for each week will be posted on Laulima/Resources.

Description Considered the largest geographical feature on earth, the Pacific Ocean displays an e... more Description Considered the largest geographical feature on earth, the Pacific Ocean displays an extraordinary human and cultural diversity. The Pacific has represented an object of European interest and fantasies since the European first age of discovery of the Oceanic region. In the popular imagination, the islands of the Pacific conjure exotic images both serene and savage. "Islands of love." Mysterious rituals. Cannibals stories. "Disappearing' cultures." Threatened or "collapsed" ecologies. These fantasies continue to reflect Western desires and discourses but have very little to do with how most Pacific Islanders live their lives today. Our focus is to analyze and discuss the contemporary reality, the entanglement of "tradition" and "modernity" in the Pacific. The experience of Pacific communities, past and present, has much to teach us about living in communities that contend with global flows of people, culture, and capital. In almost all respects-religious, political, and cultural-Pacific islanders' identities have been evolving and taking new forms as they become increasingly caught up in globalizing forces. Today, islanders are not only faced with the necessity of defining and articulating "national" identities in multiethnic and multicultural nation states, they are also faced with redefining their cultural and social identities as their lives and communities are barraged by change (Lockwood 2004: 31). Our cultural identities are always in a state of becoming, a journey in which we never arrive; who we are is not a rock that it passed on from generation to generation, fixed and unchanging. Cultural identity is a process (Hereniko 1997: 428-429).

Ethos Journal of the Society for Psychological Anthropology, 2011

Marvels & Tales, Jan 1, 2008

Final Call for Papers Critical Tourism Studies Asia Pacific, 4 to 6 March, 2018. The Asia Pacif... more Final Call for Papers
Critical Tourism Studies Asia Pacific, 4 to 6 March, 2018.

The Asia Pacific is one of the fastest growing regions in the world for both international and domestic tourism. The growth of this region has radically altered the global tourism landscape and contributed to new modes of tourism practice, while engendering a decentering of Anglo-Western centrism in tourism theory. In this inaugural conference of the Critical Tourism Studies Asia Pacific network (CTS-AP), we seek to draw attention to the multiple modalities and recenterings of critical tourism scholarship.

Abstracts due October 15. http://www.criticaltourismstudies.com

A Sawau community collaborative project (THE SAWAU PROJECT) explores and poses a serious question... more A Sawau community collaborative project (THE SAWAU PROJECT) explores and poses a serious question to the role of digital and social media as tools for “repatriating” audiovisual indigenous cultural legacies in Fiji, and their capacity to extend traditional cultural worlds into new domains.

Tourism in troubled times: Responsibility, Resistance and Resurgence in the Asia Pacific, 2020

FIRST CALL FOR PAPERS 1 August, 2019. Abstract submission deadline (250-300 words) The three guid... more FIRST CALL FOR PAPERS 1 August, 2019. Abstract submission deadline (250-300 words)
The three guiding themes of the CTS-Asia Pacific 2020 Conference address the multifaceted and paradoxical implications of doing tourism in increasingly troubled times. We welcome presentations from scholars and practitioners that employ a critical approach to tourism studies. Rather than simply being “critical of tourism”, we base our analyses in critical theory and praxis, and recognize the need and desire for tourism as both an industry and social practice. We anticipate the participation of practitioners, travel writers and tourism-focused scholars from across a range of disciplines such as anthropology, geography, sociology, political science, and cultural, environmental, women’s, area, and tourism studies. The conference is organized around three themes: Responsibility, Resistance, and Resurgence.

Confirmed Keynotes speakers.
Tony Wheeler (Author and co-founder of the travel publisher The Lonely Planet).
Christine R. Yano (Professor of Anthropology at the University of Hawai`i).
Dr. Tazim Jamal (Professor in the Department of Recreation, Park and Tourism Sciences at Texas A&M University).
Shinji Yamashita (Emeritus Professor of Cultural Anthropology at the University of Tokyo).
Hideki Endo (Professor of Tourism Studies in Faculty of Letters, Ritsumeikan University).
Kumi Kato (Professor of Tourism, Wakayama University).

For further enquiries regarding conference fees and program, recommended accommodation, conference excursion options, and the registration form, please visit the following website: https://www.criticaltourismstudies.com

Why is intangible cultural property renamed "heritage" and suddenly so valuable and also so probl... more Why is intangible cultural property renamed "heritage" and suddenly so valuable and also so problematic? The way in which we have sustained intellectual property claims for so long is under severe scrutiny. Fiji, like other Pacific Island countries continue to face the unauthorized use of their traditional knowledge and practices. While conventional intellectual property laws exist in all Pacific Island countries, they fail to protect traditional knowledge and expressions of culture from exploitation. The issue of ownership of cultural property is becoming a prime moral issue in contemporary Oceania, the sine qua non of understanding the sociocultural evolution and innovation of indigenous traditional knowledge and expressions of culture. My research in Fiji, indicates that the combination of the two notions, cultural property and cultural heritage, is particularly relevant to the reification of identity in the case of intangible cultural heritage ownership. Fiji's iTaukei Institute of Language and Culture in collaboration with the Department of National Heritage, Culture and Arts, and international agencies is developing innovative sui generis legal systems accompanied by a cultural mapping project. A close study of Fiji's cultural mapping project may challenge some anthropological bedrock assumptions about the inept value of these initiatives, repositioning the purpose of cultural inventories in contemporary Oceania. Initiatives to safeguard intangible cultural heritage are laudable endeavors lending institutional weight to the idea that cultural diversity is a valued and important part of the heritage of humanity, however some poignant questions also arise.

This paper observes how spectacular indigenous rituals involving “savage” acts of bravery elicit ... more This paper observes how spectacular indigenous rituals involving “savage” acts of bravery elicit the fantasies and voyeuristic gaze of tourist and media audiences. Shaped by the audiences’ predilection for highly visual cultural performances, the firewalking ceremony (vilavilairevo) has become a signature brand statement of Fijian culture. Nicholas Thomas reminds us that the British rule in the former Crown Colony of Fiji was an elaborate and paradoxical affair, characterized by intense interest in indigenous society and a singularly paternalistic and protective attitude towards it. Focusing on the representation of the Fijian firewalkers in colonial and contemporary narratives, the paper analyzes the circulation of tourist-oriented images and trite clichés on indigenous cultural products accelerated by certain tourist media. Ten years ago the Sawau community of Beqa launched The Sawau Project (A Ituvatuva Ni Vakadidike E Sawau), a multimedia digital storytelling limited distribution DVD advocating a form of social intervention in situ to negotiate and promote alternative forms of sui generis protection of the Sawau tangible and intangible heritage. More recently, with all six Sawau villages linked in via open social media like Facebook interchanges and dialogue enabled an unforeseen indigenous response to the perpetuation of Sawau cultural heritage. Ten years after, The Sawau Project may show that the imposition of culturally alien technology does not necessarily dissociate indigenous culture from its context, depriving it of meaning. In particular, the Sawau community responses may suggest a new role for digital and social “archives” as tools for repatriating audiovisual Sawau cultural documentation, and their capacity to extend traditional cultural worlds into new domains.

CRITICAL TOURISM STUDIES ASIA-PACIFIC CONFERENCE Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 4... more CRITICAL TOURISM STUDIES ASIA-PACIFIC CONFERENCE
Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
4-6, March, 2018
http://www.criticaltourismstudies.com/call-for-papers.html

In this inaugural conference of the Critical Tourism Studies Asia Pacific network (CTS-AP), we seek to draw attention to the multiple modalities and recenterings of critical tourism scholarship. See CFP http://www.criticaltourismstudies.com/call-for-papers.html

Confirmed Keynote Speakers:
Kathleen Adams (Loyola University Chicago, USA), Michael Mel, Stroma Cole (University of the West of England, UK), Chris Gibson (University of Wollongong, Australia),Tim Edensor (Manchester Metropolitan University, UK), Wiendu Nuryanti (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia), Ploysri Porananond (Chiang Mai University, Thailand), Regina Scheyvens (Massey University, New Zealand).

Additionally, several workshops will be offered (e.g. travel writing by Lonely Planet authors) and tourism related films will be shown at the conference.

One of our key aims is to ensure registration for this conference is affordable (Early bird rates: students US60,ASEANparticipantsUS60, ASEAN participants US60,ASEANparticipantsUS110, Non-ASEAN $180).

The Asia Pacific is one of the fastest growing regions in the world for both international and do... more The Asia Pacific is one of the fastest growing regions in the world for both international and domestic tourism. The growth of this region has radically altered the global tourism landscape and contributed to new modes of tourism practice, while engendering a decentering of Anglo-Western centrism in tourism theory. In this inaugural conference of the Critical Tourism Studies Asia Pacific network (CTS-AP), we seek to draw attention to the multiple modalities and recenterings of critical tourism scholarship. See full call for papers here. We are accepting workshops, films and other non-traditional presentation formats. Confirmed films so far include Waiting for John (Jessica Sherry) and Paradise Paradigm (Britta Boyer). Additionally, several workshops will be offered (e.g. travel writing by Lonely Planet authors) and tourism related films will be shown at the conference.

Drawing upon fieldwork among Fiji culture and heritage institutions in this paper, I discuss how ... more Drawing upon fieldwork among Fiji culture and heritage institutions in this paper, I discuss how cultural heritage policies are meant to acquire a new social and political value in Fiji and in the Pacific Island region. Until a decade ago, traditional knowledge and expressions of culture (TKEC) were not regarded as the proper concerns of any intellectual property laws. In the last ten years, considerable efforts have been made to make sure that culture is not treated in isolation from other national policies governing trade, development, and education. However, the path guiding Fiji to solve policy and legislative deficiencies in the field to TKEC at national and regional and level appears very slippery and tortuous.
Since 2004, Fiji has been at the forefront in the region in envisioning an innovative sui generis intellectual property rights system to safeguard Fiji's tangible and intangible cultural heritage, involving a prospected legislation to protect iTaukei (ethnic Fijians) traditional knowledge and expressions of culture accompanied by an ambitious cultural mapping project. While both attempts are extremely important at regional and international level, at national level after setting up a body of self-contained rules Fiji policy makers are facing the difficulties of a policy to inform, or perhaps reform the legislative process indigenizing problems, players, and policy. In Fiji and in contemporary Oceania, culture and policy are indicated as a strategic binomial artifact to structure collective action and community values. In Fiji and other Pacific Island countries such a model is sought to mobilize rules and government decision-making towards explicit guidelines for the regulation of intellectual property and the management of cultural heritage in the service of positive nation-building, and development of cultural and creative industries.

At Home and in the Field: Ethnographic Updates from Asia and the Pacific Islands, 2015

In At Home and in the Field: Ethnographic Updates from Asia and the Pacific Islands (S. Finney, M... more In At Home and in the Field: Ethnographic Updates from Asia and the Pacific Islands (S. Finney, M. Mostafanezhad, G. C. Pigliasco and F. Young, eds.) Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press.

The issue of ownership of cultural property is becoming a prime moral issue in legal anthropologi... more The issue of ownership of cultural property is becoming a prime moral issue in legal anthropological parlance, the sine qua non of understanding the sociocultural evolution of indigenous traditional knowledge and expressions of culture (TKEC). In Oceania, the combination of the two notions, cultural heritage and cultural property, is particularly relevant to the reification of identity in the case of intangible TKEC ownership. Why is intangible cultural property and heritage suddenly so valuable and also so problematic? The way in which we have sustained intellectual property claims for so long is under severe scrutiny, Pacific Island countries continue to face the unauthorized use of their traditional knowledge and practices. While conventional intellectual property laws exist in all Pacific Island countries, they fail to protect TKEC from exploitation. To remedy this, international agencies in collaboration with Pacific Island countries are developing conventions, treaties sui generis laws, and national inventories of culture.

In Made in Oceania: Social Movements, Cultural Heritage and the State in the Pacific, K. Rio and E. Hviding, eds. Pp. 322-337. Oxford: Sean Kingston, 2011

Epilogo Storie straordinarie di italiani nel Pacifico

The Invisible Firewalker: Negotiating Sentiment and Inalienable Possessions on a Fijian Island.” ... more The Invisible Firewalker: Negotiating Sentiment and Inalienable Possessions on a Fijian Island.” Pp. 149-154

The Invisible Firewalker: Negotiating Sentiment and Inalienable Possessions on a Fijian Island.”
In Cultural Encounters: Ethnographic Updates from Asia and the Pacific Islands (S. Finney, M. Mostafanezhad, G. C. Pigliasco and F. Young, eds.) Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press, Pp. 149-154.

Bibliografia III: OPERE DI CONTENUTO GIURIDICO CRIMINO-LOGICO Premessa La pena capitale La preven... more Bibliografia III: OPERE DI CONTENUTO GIURIDICO CRIMINO-LOGICO Premessa La pena capitale La prevenzione dei crimini L 'emenda penale La minore responsabilità penale delle donne. Le origini storiche del diritto di punire Le leggi nella stampa Il duello IV: OPERE DI CONTENUTO POLITICO Premessa La Tirannide borghese La sovranità popolare La riforma civile CAPITOLO V: OPERE DI CONTENUTO SOCIOLOGICO CAPITOLO VI: CONCLUSIONI BIBLIOGRAFIA CAPITOLO I LA CULTURA DEL POSITIVISMO IN ITALIA I.I.-PREMESSA Prima di intraprendere l 'analisi del pensiero di Pietro Ellero, sembra opportuno inquadrare breve mente il momento storico-culturale nel quale egli visse, al fine di meglio comprendere i contenuti della sua opera. Per quanto concerne la politica estera, questo è il periodo delle conquiste coloniali, mentre, all'in terno del Paese, cominciano a manifestarsi i con flitti sociali determinanti dall'allora nascente industrializzazione con conseguente spostamento della manodopera. Questi disagi erano, evidentemente, acuiti dalla immaturità sociale, economica e civile propria di uno Stato di recente formazione. In campo filosofico, la scuola positivista incorag giò lo sviluppo delle scienze sociali, determinando la nascita della sociologia del diritto, che appli cò il metodo positivo allo studio della realtà sociale. Anche se, come è stato autorevolmente sottolineato (1), "i positivisti italiani non riuscirono a creare alcuna dottrina realmente nuova e feconda", malgrado ciò, l'influenza del positivismo in Ita lia, negli anni 1860-1885, fu notevolissima. Il positivismo trovava certo in Italia condizioni di sviluppo industriale e di storia culturale meno adatte di quelle delle nazioni in cui era sorto, ma tuttavia rispondeva alle nuove esigenze dei tempi. Di fronte allo sviluppo della scienza, il ripudio della metafisica e la celebrazione del "fatto" capisaldi del positivismo -apparivano, anche in Italia, come l'unico atteggiamento possibile. Da queste premesse deriva quel complesso di idee e di atteggiamenti-base che hanno caratterizzato la cultura di quel periodo: fiducia nella scienza e nel suo potere liberatorio (dalla superstizione, (1) L. GEYMONAT, Il problema della conoscenza nel positivismo, Torino, 1931. dai limiti fideistici, dalla malattia e dalla mise ria) ; fiducia in un progresso inarrestabile desti nato a seguire deterministicamente una spirale che non può che portare a livelli sempre più alti; la larga diffusione di una mentalità laica che, però, per una specifica ragione storica, (l'opposizione della Curia Romana al processo risorgimentale) diventa "anticlericalismo"; un impegno di dif fusione della cultura e quindi una meritoria lotta per il diritto all'istruzione e contro l'analfabe tismo. E tutto ciò al di là del discutibile concetto di "scienza" elaborato dai positivisti, al di là di certe rozzezze o semplicistiche soluzioni che furo no proprie di questa filosofia. I .2.-POSITIVISMO E DIRITTO PENALE Il positivismo ebbe, in Italia, una notevolissima influenza sullo studio del diritto penale in genere e, in particolare, sulla persona del delinquente. E' doveroso anzi sottolineare come, proprio nello ambito della scienza penale, i positivisti italiani crearono qualcosa di originale, di veramente nuovo, destinato ad avere una profondissima eco anche fuori dei confini nazionali; la "c.d. <<scuola ita l i a n a^1 ', infatti, come venne immediatamente definita (per scuola italiana si intendeva sia la scuola antropologica lombrosiana che la scuola positiva di Ferri) diventò il punto di riferimento d'obbligo della cultura penalistica di quegli anni (2 ). Le idee positiviste trovarono infatti una sistema zione dogmatica coerente nella Scuola Positiva, che (2) Sulla diffusione europea della scuola italiana, con particolare riferimento all'Antropologia criminale, V. Criminologia e scienze sociali nel dibattito europeo sulla "Scuola Italiana" di antropologia criminale (1876-1900), Emilio R. Papa, in Positivismo e la Cultura italiana, Franco Angeli, 1985. si erge, nel panorama scientifico di quel periodo, come decisa reazione ai dettami della c.d. Scuola Classica. Quest'ultima, fra i cui più noti esponenti ricor diamo Francesco Carrara, elaborò un sistema di diritto penale tanto perfetto quanto dogmatico: suoi cardini erano la minuziosa previsione nei codici di ogni fattispecie delittuosa e la commi surazione della pena alla gravità del reato; suoi fini prevenire gli abusi dell'autorità e garantire parità di trattamento per tutti. Secondo la Scuola Classica, il reato andava considerato una entità di diritto, e non di fatto, astratta da qualsiasi tipo di valutazione in ordine al suo autore, alle condizioni sociali e individua li interferenti con l'agire di quest'ultimo. Il reo, infatti, in ottemperanza ai principi del pensiero liberale che vedeva l'uomo come essere pienamente responsabile delle sue azioni, era astrattamente dotato di una completa libertà di arbitrio (3). Il positivismo imperante in Europa nella seconda metà del secolo XIX non poteva tuttavia non toccare anche il campo del diritto penale, portando ad un completo capovolgimento della concezione del reato: esso appariva ai positivisti come una manifesta zione necessitata, nel determinismo universale dei fenomeni naturali. Di conseguenza, la nozione di "pena" era ingiusti ficata, non essendo concepibile un castigo per un male non liberamente commesso; il delitto non doveva quindi essere considerato come ente giuridi co, ma come un fatto umano individuale avente la sua origine nella struttura biologica e sociale del delinquente. Il capostipite di questo nuovo modo di affrontare lo studio del diritto penale viene pacificamente (3) Sui dettami della scuola classica del diritto, V. Francesco Carrara, Programma del corso di diritto criminale, Lucca, 1863-considerato Cesare Lombroso che, saldamente ancora to ai principi ed alla filosofia delle scienze dominanti in quegli anni (evoluzionismo di Darwin, teoria della degenerazione di Morel, positivismo scientifico, atteggiamento fideistico nei confronti della scienza e del progresso come destinati a risolvere i problemi dell'umanità) ebbe il merito di far convergere 1'interesse delle scienze penali stiche sulla personalità del delinquente (4). Senza addentrarci in un'analisi approfondita delle teorie lombrosiane, ricordiamo qui la più nota, quella del "delinquente nato", secondo la quale un'alta percentuale di criminali presenta disposi zioni congenite che, indipendentemente dalle condi zioni ambientali, li renderebbero antisociali. Particolari caratteristiche anatomiche, filosofiche e psicologiche si accompagnano, secondo Lombroso, a (4) C. LOMBROSO, L'uomo delinquente studiato in rapporto all'antropologia, alla medicina le gale e alle discipline carcerarie, Torino, 1876. queste disposizioni, consentendone l'identifica zione. Come accennato in precedenza, le teorie lombrosiane sul delitto costituirono la base di un nuovo orientamento giuridico-criminologico denominato Scuola Positiva a sottolinearne la fedeltà al metodo sperimentale ed induttivo, caratteristico delle scienze naturali e sociali, in contrapposi zione a quello del pensiero giuridico e deduttivo, cui si informava invece la Scuola Classica. Lombroso, che era medico psichiatra, accentrò il suo interesse sulla componente antropologica; Enrico Ferri, sociologo e criminalista, mise in evidenza la componente sociale; egli studiò il delitto anche dall'angolo visuale del determinismo sociale, muovendo dall'innegabile constatazione che la popolazione delle carceri è in massima parte composta dalle cosiddette classi inferiori (5). (5) E. FERRI, Sociologia criminale, Siena, 1884. I principi della Scuola Positiva si tradussero in un vero e proprio programma di politica penale. Al posto della responsabilità penale, fu proposto il principio della responsabilità sociale, cioè la responsabilità di ogni individuo verso la società e lo Stato e quello della responsabilità legale, basato sull'effettivo accertamento della commissio ne del fatto da parte del delinquente. Accertata la responsabilità del singolo autore, egli non doveva essere giudicato in relazione alla gravità del delitto commesso, ma alla sua pericolo sità per la società, cioè in funzione degli altri delitti che avrebbe potuto commettere; in sostituzione delle pene, determinate in funzione della gravità del delitto, dovevano essere adottate mi sure di difesa sociale proporzionate alla pericolo sità del reo e da mantenersi per un tempo indeter minato fino al cessare della pericolosità stessa. Un sistema penale siffatto portata inevitabilmente con sè il rischio di un'eccessiva discrezionalità, di una indeterminatezza delle misure, della assenza di ogni certezza del diritto. Per questo motivo, il progetto di codice penale elaborato dal Ferri nel 1921 per incarico del Guardasigilli Mortara ispirato ai concetti della Scuola Positiva non venne mai adottato. Tuttavia,alcuni principi della Scuola Positiva han no trovato applicazione nel diritto vigente e sono diventati patrimonio comune della cultura penale. Basti pensare all'introduzione nel Codice Rocco delle misure di sicurezza, sia pure parallelamente alle tradizionali pene retributive, che ha dato origine al c.d. sistema del doppio binario. Ed ancora, alla valutazione della personalità del delinquente e delle sue condizioni di vita individuali, familiari e sociali, che è uno dei cardini del potere del giudice nella commisurazione in concreto della pena, sancito dall'art. 133 2° comma c.p. (6). (6) Su quanto è rimasto, oggi, nel diritto penale vigente della scuola positiva, V. Diritto Penale e Nella seconda metà dell'ottocento in Italia si sviluppò anche una vera e propria scienza della politica: questa nuova disciplina trovava terreno fertile in un Paese di recente formazione che doveva fare i conti con l'inadeguatezza e la corruzione della sua classe politica, palesemente non in grado di affrontare i pressanti problemi della Nazione. La nuova scienza nacque...

University of Hawaii Press eBooks, Dec 31, 2017

Crossing disciplinary boundaries, At Home and in the Field is an anthology of twenty-first centur... more Crossing disciplinary boundaries, At Home and in the Field is an anthology of twenty-first century ethnographic research and writing about the global worlds of home and disjuncture in Asia and the Pacific Islands. Unique in its inclusion of "homework"-ethnography that directly engages with issues and identities in which the ethnographer finds political solidarity and belonging in fields at home-the anthology contributes to growing trends that complicate the distinction between "insiders" and "outsiders." In its focus on Asia and the Pacific Islands, the collection offers ethnographic updates on topics that range from ritual money burning in China to the militarization of Hawai'i to the cultural power of robots in Japan. Thought provoking, sometimes humorous, these cultural encounters will resonate with readers and provide valuable talking points for exploring the human diversity that makes the study of ourselves and each other simultaneously rewardi...

Journal of Material Culture, 2005

Centering on the analysis of the omiyage (gifts brought back from trips for family, friends and c... more Centering on the analysis of the omiyage (gifts brought back from trips for family, friends and colleagues) in Japan, this article describes the Japanese office ladies’ (OLs) practices of consumption in Hawaii. In contemporary Japan, foreign goods, especially brand name ones, are not only bearers of intrinsic aesthetic value but are forms negotiating OLs’ emancipatory social action. Based on interviews with OLs visiting Hawaii’s shopping scene between 1994 and 2004, this article explores the nature and evolution of the Japanese omiyage, analyzing its metamorphosis and trespasses, along with issues of internationalization and consumption. These changes delineate an historical transformation from a traditional culture characterized by a non-individualistic, others-oriented omiyage practice, to a material one, self-oriented and characterized by a form of Occidentalism, fetishized fads and style-status symbols.

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Storie straordinarie di italiani nel Pacifico portrays the narratives and memoirs of unhonored, e... more Storie straordinarie di italiani nel Pacifico portrays the narratives and memoirs of unhonored, enigmatic, buried in oblivion Italian pioneers in fin-de-siècle Oceania intersecting and clashing with the postmodern clichés populating the mind of Italian literati, cinematographers, and the pages of popular magazines and comic books. Its content and nostalgic cover à la Hugo Pratt are winning the attention of the book review sections on Italian newspapers and media. Without any doubt, one of the very few publications in Italian about Italians involved in that 1/3 of the globe historically ignored and often misrepresented in Italy. Introduction by Marco Cuzzi; Chapters from Matteo Aria, Louis Bousquet & Lorenz Gonschor, Lorenzo Brutti & Elisabetta Gnecchi-Ruscone, Gaia Cottino, Elisabetta de Dominis & Paola Predolin, Incoronata Inserra, Massimo Morello, Alessandro Marzo-Magno, Antonio Pagliaro, Andrea Vento; Epilogue by Guido Carlo Pigliasco; Afterword by Laura Scarpa. https://www.amazon.it/Storie-straordinarie-italiani-nel-Pacifico/dp/8862883242

Strumenti per la didattica e la ricerca, 2020

Ethos, 2011

This book is at heart an ethnography. Based on intensive fieldwork over two decades, and translat... more This book is at heart an ethnography. Based on intensive fieldwork over two decades, and translated into Italian from an original English language manuscript (left incomplete by Saunders' impairment), the author examines the experience of Pentecostal Christians in two churches in Tuscany. George Saunders questions why some people choose Pentecostal Christianity in a context so thoroughly dominated by Catholicism. There are two main research sites: the first is a relatively large and well established church associated with the Assemblies of God in Italy in a working-class suburb of Florence, and the second in the nearby industrial city of Prato.

Anthropology News, 2007

, both of James Madison University, have been named the new editors of Visual Anthropology Review... more , both of James Madison University, have been named the new editors of Visual Anthropology Review. Liam and Laura have both published on visual anthropology and have impressive records of professional and community involvement. Together, their theoretical and geographic interests will contribute new perspectives to the journal, and enrich VAR's pool of potential contributors and reviewers. The SVA board would also like to extend our deepest thanks and appreciation to our outgoing editors, Najwa Adra and Andrea Walsh, who have enriched our journal through their dedication, vision and aspirations for visual anthropology.

At Home and in the Field, 2017

Tides of Innovation in Oceania, 2017

Centering on the analysis of the omiyage (gifts brought back from trips for family, friends and c... more Centering on the analysis of the omiyage (gifts brought back from trips for family, friends and colleagues) in Japan, this article describes the Japanese office ladies ’ (OLs) practices of consumption in Hawaii. In contemporary Japan, foreign goods, especially brand name ones, are not only bearers of intrinsic aesthetic value but are forms negotiating OLs ’ emancipatory social action. Based on interviews with OLs visiting Hawaii’s shopping scene between 1994 and 2004, this article explores the nature and evolution of the Japanese omiyage, analyzing its metamorphosis and trespasses, along with issues of internationalization and consumption. These changes delineate an historical transformation from a traditional culture characterized by a non-individualistic, others-oriented omiyage practice, to a material one, self-oriented and characterized by a form of Occidentalism, fetishized fads and style-status symbols. Key Words ◆ aesthetics ◆ consumption ◆ office ladies ’ (OLs’) lifestyle ◆ ...

Considered the largest geographical feature on earth, the Pacific Ocean displays an extraordinary... more Considered the largest geographical feature on earth, the Pacific Ocean displays an extraordinary human and cultural diversity. The Pacific has represented an object of European interest and fantasies since the European first age of discovery of the Oceanic region. In the popular imagination, the islands of the South Pacific conjure exotic images both serene and savage. “Islands of love. ” Mysterious rituals. Cannibals stories. “Disappearing ’ cultures. ” Threatened or “collapsed ” ecologies. These fantasies continue to reflect Western desires and discourses but have very little to do with how most Pacific Islanders live their lives today. Our focus is to analyze and discuss the contemporary reality, the entanglement of “tradition ” and “modernity ” in the Pacific. In almost all respects—religious, political, and cultural—Pacific islanders ’ identities have been evolving and taking new forms as they become increasingly caught up in globalizing forces. Today, islanders are not only f...

Marvels & Tales, 2007

Return to Culture: Oral Tradition and Society in the Southern Cook Islands. By Anna-Leena Siikala... more Return to Culture: Oral Tradition and Society in the Southern Cook Islands. By Anna-Leena Siikala and Jukka Siikala. FF Communications Vol. 136, No. 287. Helsinki: Academia Scientiarum Fennica, 2005. 327pp. What is the significance of oral tradition in Pacific Islands culture? How integrated is oral tradition into life in the Cook Islands? To what extent does a theoretical understanding of oral tradition practices enable an analytic understanding of social action, political structure, narrative practices, and the cultural milieu of the southern Cook Islanders? In this book the collaborative approach between a folklorist (Anna-Leena Siikala) and an anthropologist (Jukka Siikala) situates these questions in an empirical analysis of the processes of identity formation of the people of Ma'uke and Atiu through customary discursive practices. Not satisfied to regard the past as past, but implicitly recognizing that "folklore" is a non-omnibus discipline suffering an epistemo...

in Morocco reminds us that fieldwork “involves constant valuation and revaluation ” (Bellah 1977,... more in Morocco reminds us that fieldwork “involves constant valuation and revaluation ” (Bellah 1977, xi). In this article, we revaluate some reflec-tions that we have exchanged in relation to our unfolding projects: The