Rob Toonen | University of Hawaii at Manoa (original) (raw)
Papers by Rob Toonen
Authorea (Authorea), May 18, 2022
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Journal of Fish Biology
The gap between spawning and settlement location of marine fishes, where the larvae occupy an oce... more The gap between spawning and settlement location of marine fishes, where the larvae occupy an oceanic phase, is a great mystery in both natural history and conservation. Recent genomic approaches provide some resolution, especially in linking parent to offspring with assays of nucleotide polymorphisms. Here, the authors applied this method to the endemic Hawaiian convict tang (Acanthurus triostegus sandvicensis), a surgeonfish with a long pelagic larval stage of c. 54–77 days. They collected 606 adults and 607 juveniles from 23 locations around the island of Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi. Based on 399 single nucleotide polymorphisms, the authors assigned 68 of these juveniles back to a parent (11.2% assignment rate). Each side of the island showed significant population differentiation, with higher levels in the west and north. The west and north sides of the island also had little evidence of recruitment, which may be due to westerly currents in the region or an artefact of uneven sampling. In co...
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Raw nubbin growth data in Excel format from Jury, Delano & Toonen study entitled "High herit... more Raw nubbin growth data in Excel format from Jury, Delano & Toonen study entitled "High heritability of coral calcification rates and evolutionary potential under ocean acidification."
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Total Biomass Chlorophyll a Coral reefs are among the most ecologically diverse and economically ... more Total Biomass Chlorophyll a Coral reefs are among the most ecologically diverse and economically important habitats on earth, yet the combined effects of ocean acidification and warming threaten the integrity of these ecosystems globally. The reefs surrounding Oahu, Hawaii provide an exceptional opportunity to survey physiological variation among coral species as they have responded to naturally occurring ocean condition gradients. Peak summer temperature and pCO2 in Kane’ohe Bay (Sites 3&4; see 1a) mirror values that are expected to persist globally by mid-century, while other sites exhibit conditions comparable to the current global mean for tropical reefs. We hypothesize that populations of coral can adapt to high temperature and pCO2 conditions by adjusting aspects of their physiology that confer resilience. By comparing biomass and chlorophyll a from three species of coral distributed over four discrete sites, we seek to address the following questions: • Do high temp. and pCO2...
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Functional Ecology, 2020
The extent to which populations persist under environmental stress depends on the reproductive ou... more The extent to which populations persist under environmental stress depends on the reproductive output of individuals that survive the stress. In coral systems, corals bleach in response to stress from elevated water temperature. However, little is known of the extent to which thermal stress impairs the reproductive capacity of the survivors over the following years, limiting the capacity to predict how populations will persist in the Anthropocene. Using histology to quantify the abundance and size of oocytes and spermaries per polyp, we tested how bleaching impairs the reproductive response of the coral Pocillopora meandrina over two reproductive seasons following the 2015 mass bleaching event in the Hawaiian Islands. We found that smaller colonies not only had a greater probability of bleaching but also suffered greater reproductive impacts over a longer time. In contrast, larger colonies generated comparable reproductive output regardless of bleaching severity, although bleached c...
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Ecology and Society, 2020
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Molecular Ecology
In Andrews et al. (2010) Table 4 is missing 3 asterisks, and additionally six cells of the table ... more In Andrews et al. (2010) Table 4 is missing 3 asterisks, and additionally six cells of the table should be shaded grey. The corrected table is presented here in this Erratum.
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Bulletin, Southern California Academy of Sciences, 2011
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Crustacean Issues, 2011
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Molecular ecology, 2014
What shapes variation in genetic structure within a community of codistributed species is a centr... more What shapes variation in genetic structure within a community of codistributed species is a central but difficult question for the field of population genetics. With a focus on the isolated coral reef ecosystem of the Hawaiian Archipelago, we assessed how life history traits influence population genetic structure for 35 reef animals. Despite the archipelago's stepping stone configuration, isolation by distance was the least common type of genetic structure, detected in four species. Regional structuring (i.e. division of sites into genetically and spatially distinct regions) was most common, detected in 20 species and nearly in all endemics and habitat specialists. Seven species displayed chaotic (spatially unordered) structuring, and all were nonendemic generalist species. Chaotic structure also associated with relatively high global FST. Pelagic larval duration (PLD) was not a strong predictor of variation in population structure (R2=0.22), but accounting for higher FST values...
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PeerJ, 2013
The effects of tides on littoral marine habitats are so ubiquitous that shorelines are commonly d... more The effects of tides on littoral marine habitats are so ubiquitous that shorelines are commonly described as 'intertidal', whereas waves are considered a secondary factor that simply modifies the intertidal habitat. However mean significant wave height exceeds tidal range at many locations worldwide. Here we construct a simple sinusoidal model of coastal water level based on both tidal range and wave height. From the patterns of emergence and submergence predicted by the model, we derive four vertical shoreline benchmarks which bracket up to three novel, spatially distinct, and physically defined zones. The (1) emergent tidal zone is characterized by tidally driven emergence in air; the (2) wave zone is characterized by constant (not periodic) wave wash; and the (3) submergent tidal zone is characterized by tidally driven submergence. The decoupling of tidally driven emergence and submergence made possible by wave action is a critical prediction of the model. On wave-dominat...
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Molecular Ecology, 2014
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Molecular Ecology, 2013
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Authorea (Authorea), May 18, 2022
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Journal of Fish Biology
The gap between spawning and settlement location of marine fishes, where the larvae occupy an oce... more The gap between spawning and settlement location of marine fishes, where the larvae occupy an oceanic phase, is a great mystery in both natural history and conservation. Recent genomic approaches provide some resolution, especially in linking parent to offspring with assays of nucleotide polymorphisms. Here, the authors applied this method to the endemic Hawaiian convict tang (Acanthurus triostegus sandvicensis), a surgeonfish with a long pelagic larval stage of c. 54–77 days. They collected 606 adults and 607 juveniles from 23 locations around the island of Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi. Based on 399 single nucleotide polymorphisms, the authors assigned 68 of these juveniles back to a parent (11.2% assignment rate). Each side of the island showed significant population differentiation, with higher levels in the west and north. The west and north sides of the island also had little evidence of recruitment, which may be due to westerly currents in the region or an artefact of uneven sampling. In co...
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Raw nubbin growth data in Excel format from Jury, Delano & Toonen study entitled "High herit... more Raw nubbin growth data in Excel format from Jury, Delano & Toonen study entitled "High heritability of coral calcification rates and evolutionary potential under ocean acidification."
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Total Biomass Chlorophyll a Coral reefs are among the most ecologically diverse and economically ... more Total Biomass Chlorophyll a Coral reefs are among the most ecologically diverse and economically important habitats on earth, yet the combined effects of ocean acidification and warming threaten the integrity of these ecosystems globally. The reefs surrounding Oahu, Hawaii provide an exceptional opportunity to survey physiological variation among coral species as they have responded to naturally occurring ocean condition gradients. Peak summer temperature and pCO2 in Kane’ohe Bay (Sites 3&4; see 1a) mirror values that are expected to persist globally by mid-century, while other sites exhibit conditions comparable to the current global mean for tropical reefs. We hypothesize that populations of coral can adapt to high temperature and pCO2 conditions by adjusting aspects of their physiology that confer resilience. By comparing biomass and chlorophyll a from three species of coral distributed over four discrete sites, we seek to address the following questions: • Do high temp. and pCO2...
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Functional Ecology, 2020
The extent to which populations persist under environmental stress depends on the reproductive ou... more The extent to which populations persist under environmental stress depends on the reproductive output of individuals that survive the stress. In coral systems, corals bleach in response to stress from elevated water temperature. However, little is known of the extent to which thermal stress impairs the reproductive capacity of the survivors over the following years, limiting the capacity to predict how populations will persist in the Anthropocene. Using histology to quantify the abundance and size of oocytes and spermaries per polyp, we tested how bleaching impairs the reproductive response of the coral Pocillopora meandrina over two reproductive seasons following the 2015 mass bleaching event in the Hawaiian Islands. We found that smaller colonies not only had a greater probability of bleaching but also suffered greater reproductive impacts over a longer time. In contrast, larger colonies generated comparable reproductive output regardless of bleaching severity, although bleached c...
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Ecology and Society, 2020
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Molecular Ecology
In Andrews et al. (2010) Table 4 is missing 3 asterisks, and additionally six cells of the table ... more In Andrews et al. (2010) Table 4 is missing 3 asterisks, and additionally six cells of the table should be shaded grey. The corrected table is presented here in this Erratum.
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Bulletin, Southern California Academy of Sciences, 2011
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Crustacean Issues, 2011
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Molecular ecology, 2014
What shapes variation in genetic structure within a community of codistributed species is a centr... more What shapes variation in genetic structure within a community of codistributed species is a central but difficult question for the field of population genetics. With a focus on the isolated coral reef ecosystem of the Hawaiian Archipelago, we assessed how life history traits influence population genetic structure for 35 reef animals. Despite the archipelago's stepping stone configuration, isolation by distance was the least common type of genetic structure, detected in four species. Regional structuring (i.e. division of sites into genetically and spatially distinct regions) was most common, detected in 20 species and nearly in all endemics and habitat specialists. Seven species displayed chaotic (spatially unordered) structuring, and all were nonendemic generalist species. Chaotic structure also associated with relatively high global FST. Pelagic larval duration (PLD) was not a strong predictor of variation in population structure (R2=0.22), but accounting for higher FST values...
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PeerJ, 2013
The effects of tides on littoral marine habitats are so ubiquitous that shorelines are commonly d... more The effects of tides on littoral marine habitats are so ubiquitous that shorelines are commonly described as 'intertidal', whereas waves are considered a secondary factor that simply modifies the intertidal habitat. However mean significant wave height exceeds tidal range at many locations worldwide. Here we construct a simple sinusoidal model of coastal water level based on both tidal range and wave height. From the patterns of emergence and submergence predicted by the model, we derive four vertical shoreline benchmarks which bracket up to three novel, spatially distinct, and physically defined zones. The (1) emergent tidal zone is characterized by tidally driven emergence in air; the (2) wave zone is characterized by constant (not periodic) wave wash; and the (3) submergent tidal zone is characterized by tidally driven submergence. The decoupling of tidally driven emergence and submergence made possible by wave action is a critical prediction of the model. On wave-dominat...
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Molecular Ecology, 2014
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Molecular Ecology, 2013
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