Ebrahim Salehifar | Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences (original) (raw)

Papers by Ebrahim Salehifar

Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine, 2020

Background: Acute radiation proctitis (ARP) is a usual adverse effect in patients undergoing pelv... more Background: Acute radiation proctitis (ARP) is a usual adverse effect in patients undergoing pelvic radiotherapy. The symptoms include diarrhea, rectal blood or mucus discharge, fecal urgency and tenesmus with pain. Sucralfate, an aluminum-based salt of sucrose octasulfate, is a cytoprotective agent that forms a coating barrier at injured sites by adhering to mucoproteins. It has been used in topical management of a wide variety of local lesion. This study was designed to evaluate the preventive effect of rectal sucralfate on acute radiotherapy induced proctitis. Methods: Seven percent sucralfate ointment was prepared for topical use. Drug quantification, chemical stability and microbial limit tests were performed carefully. In this randomized double blind placebo controlled trial, fifty-seven patients with pelvic malignancies undergoing radiotherapy were allocated to receive either 1 g of sucralfate or 1 g of placebo, given as a twice daily ointment, one day before and during radio...

ABSTRACT Background: DUE (Drug Utilization Evaluation) studies can help identify and correct prob... more ABSTRACT Background: DUE (Drug Utilization Evaluation) studies can help identify and correct problems associated with irrational use of drugs. Considering lack of data regarding how rational vancomycin is being used, we evaluated this DUE study in a referral infectious center to evaluate compliance with guidelines in terms of rational use of this valuable antibiotic. Methods: This retrospective study was done for 6 months from March to September 2012 at Razi hospital, an educational hospital affiliated to Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. Data including patients' demographics, vancomycin dose, kidney function assessment, dose adjustments, sampling and culture were collected. Based on the HICPAC (Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee) and Up-to-date 2012 advices, the concordance of practice with standard guidelines was assessed. Results: One hundred and forty six medical records were reviewed in this study. Fever and shortness of breath were the most common symptoms at the time of initiation of vancomycin. Skin infections, lower respiratory tract infection and septicemia were the most common initial diagnosis of patients. Sampling was done in almost one-third of patients. Most of patient with a specific order were received vancomycin in half an hour. Considering the indication, Vancomycin was administered appropriately in 58 percent of patients. Conclusion: Vancomycin was used irrationally in a great proportion of patients. The main observed drawbacks were empiric use of vancomycin without subsequent adjustment of antimicrobial agent according to culture and sensitivity data and lack of paying enough attention to calculation of creatinine clearance and dosage adjustment. jpc.tums.ac.ir

Journal of Pharmaceutical Care, May 17, 2014

ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Backgrounds: All of Long-acting β2-agonists are beneficial in maintenance treat... more ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Backgrounds: All of Long-acting β2-agonists are beneficial in maintenance treatment of asthma but their use in relieving acute asthma attacks is not well known. The aim of this study was to compare rapid bronchodilatory effects of Salmeterol and Formoterol in patient with moderate to severe asthma. Methods: It was a randomized, double blind, cross-over study on 60 patients with moderate to severe asthma. Patients randomly received 50 micrograms of salmeterol or 18 micrograms of formoterol and after one-week washed out period exchanged their medications. All patients undergone spirometry for four times (before receiving the drugs, as well as 3, 30 and 60 minutes after drug inhalation) and Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), FVC percentage predicted value, FEV1/FVC, Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) and PEFR percentage predicted value were measured. Results: Both medications could significantly increase FEV1/FVC and PEFR at 3, 30 and 60 minutes after inhalation (P<0.001 compared to baseline).Three minutes after inhalation of salmeterol and formoterol, FEV1 increased by 8.7% and 12.2% respectively. Formoterol was associated with more increase in the amounts of FEV1 compared to Salmeterol. Conclusion: This study showed that fromoterol has a more rapid onset of bronchodilating action compared with salmeterol at 3 minutes after inhalation. Both agents had significant increases in FEV1/FVC and PEFR compared to baseline with no significant differences between two drugs.

Wounds : a compendium of clinical research and practice, 2009

The aim of this study was to investigate the concordance between swab and tissue biopsy sample... more The aim of this study was to investigate the concordance between swab and tissue biopsy samples in terms of microbiological isolates and their time-related changes. A total of 156 samples (78 swab and 78 biopsy) were collected from 39 cases of partial- or full-thickness burns and compared at days 7 and 14 after admission regarding the type of microorganisms and their time-related changes. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Citrobacter freundii were the two most common microorganisms found by both sampling methods. While the majority of swab and biopsy samples were concordant in day 7, the rate of concordance in day 14 was less than day 7-87.1% versus 66.6%, respectively. After comparing the ratio of P aeruginosa and C freundii in positive swab and biopsy cultures on days 7 and 14, unlike the swab samples, the biopsy samples yielded similar results both times (75% P aeruginosa and 25% C freundii, respectively). The results of this study show that the swab is a sufficient tool for burn wou...

Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research, Jan 15, 2015

Gastric cancer has been known as a poor prognosis disease with a high degree of mortality. In Ira... more Gastric cancer has been known as a poor prognosis disease with a high degree of mortality. In Iran, it has been increased during the previous two decades, especially in northern part of the country. The aim of this study was to determine the demographic and clinical characteristics of gastric cancer in Mazandaran province. All patients with gastric cancer diagnosis treated in the Imam Khomeini educational hospital or Touba Polyclinic, a university affiliated center, from March 2008 to March 2014 were included. Demographic data, the symptoms at the time of presentation, tumor size, type of tumor, lymph node involvement, status in terms of metastatic disease, therapeutic plan and type of chemotherapy regimens were gathered from patients' medical records. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS, version 16. Totally, 643 patients were investigated. The mean age of patients was 64.34 years and men were more affected than women. "Time to relapse" and "time to progression" were 13 and 6.5 months, respectively. The most common initial symptoms at diagnosis were nausea, vomiting and epigastric pain (47.4%). Only in 6.3%, the disease was diagnosed at the initial stages. The most common site of involvement was cardia (almost 40%) and antrum (32%). More than 91% of tumors were adenocarcinoma. DCF (Docetaxel, Cisplatin, 5FU) (43.3%), Xeloda (15.2%), DOX (Docetaxel, Oxaliplatin) (13.8%) and ECF (Epirubicin, Cisplatin.5FU) (9.2%) were the most common used regimens. There was a trend for improved survival with DCF regimen (P = 0.08). Most gastric cancer patients were referred in the advanced stage or metastatic disease. The demographic characteristics are consistent with other previous reports. DCF regimen may have some advantages over other chemotherapy regimens.

Daru Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2005

Oxidative damage to membrane lipid is one of the prime events occurring in aging and other undesi... more Oxidative damage to membrane lipid is one of the prime events occurring in aging and other undesirable physiological processes. In this study experiments were performed on liposomes (prepared either from crude erythrocyte phospholipids or purified egg yolk phosphatidylcholine) as models of lipid bilayer portion of biomembranes. The effects of β-carotene, and phospholipid composition on peroxidation process, initiated by Fe 2+ , were studied. It was found that β-carotene does not show any noticeable antioxidant effect on the peroxidation process initiated by Fe 2+ in liposomes prepared from erythrocyte phosphatides, whereas it effectively suppressed the same process in egg yolk phosphatidylcholine (EYPC). It is concluded that the anti-/pro-oxidant activity of β-carotene is also dependent on the membrane lipid composition and this may provide an explanation about the conflicting reports on its role in ordinary or promoted oxidation experiments.

Journal of Research in Pharmacy Practice, 2015

The inappropriate use of antibiotics remains the primary factor in antimicrobial drug resistance.... more The inappropriate use of antibiotics remains the primary factor in antimicrobial drug resistance. In this study, we evaluate the use of meropenem in surgical/medical wards of Imam Khomeini Tertiary Referral Hospital, Sari, Iran. This retrospective observational study was used to assess rational use of meropenem. The study was conducted by reviewing medical records of 100 admitted patients who received meropenem during March 2013 to January 2014. Meropenem was prescribed most frequently in Intensive Care Unit (22%), and pneumonia was the most common diagnosis (35%). The third-generation cephalosporins were the most frequently prescribed antimicrobials after meropenem (53%). In 21% of the patients, imipenem was changed to meropenem. Most of the inappropriate uses were seen in terms of frequency of meropenem use (34%), followed by duration of meropenem therapy (28%). Comparing our study results has shown higher inappropriate use. It is necessary to take action to improve prescribing habit in order to reduce the unnecessary usage of antibiotic thus enhance rational antibiotic use.

Iranian journal of allergy, asthma, and immunology

Asthma is the most common chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by cough, wheezing and dysp... more Asthma is the most common chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by cough, wheezing and dyspnea in children. Nutrition is an important factor which influences on induction and exacerbation of asthma. There are controversies to use Vitamin E in asthmatic patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin E supplement in children with moderate asthma. This is a randomized double blind placebo-controlled trial performed on children (age 2-17 years old) with moderate asthma (5-17 years old) from March 2010 to March 2012. Case group were treated with fluticasone and vitamin E (50mg/day) and control group received fluticasone plus placebo for 8 weeks. Out of 300 cases, 240 cases completed the study. Female to male ratio was 0.84. Serum level of Vitamin E significantly increased after treatment in intervention group. FEV1 and FEV1/FVC ratio was significantly improved in case group compared to the control group. It can be concluded that vitamin E supplement could imp...

Journal of Tehran University Heart Center

Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element mainly obtained from seafood, meat, and cereals. Se d... more Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element mainly obtained from seafood, meat, and cereals. Se deficiency has been identified as a major contributing factor in the pathogenesis of certain congestive heart failure (CHF) syndromes. Since there is controversy over the prevalence of Se deficiency among patient with CHF, the aim of this study was to assess the serum Se concentrations in patients with CHF and compared them with the Se status of healthy controls. The study included 77 patients (age, 68.4 ± 10.4 years old; 40.3% female) and 73 healthy volunteers (64.9 ± 4.7 years old; 35.6% female). A complete medical/drug history and physical examination were performed for all patients and healthy volunteers. All patients had symptoms and signs of CHF and had a left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) of < 40% obtained by echocardiography. The Se concentration was assessed by atomic absorption spectrometer with the Graphite Tube Atomizer. The limit of measurement was 5 μg/L. The Se conc...

BioMed Research International, 2015

Escherichia coliremains as one of the most important bacteria causing infections in pediatrics an... more Escherichia coliremains as one of the most important bacteria causing infections in pediatrics and producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) making them resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics. In this study we aimed to genotype ESBL-producingE. coliisolates from pediatric patients for ESBL genes and determine their association with antimicrobial resistance. One hundred of theE. coliisolates were initially considered ESBL producing based on their MIC results. These isolates were then tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence or absence ofCTX,TEM,SHV,GES, andVEBbeta-lactamase genes. About 30.5% of isolatedE. coliwas ESBL-producing strain. TheTEMgene was the most prevalent (49%) followed bySHV(44%),CTX(28%),VEB(8%), andGES(0%) genes. The ESBL-producingE. coliisolates were susceptible to carbapenems (66%) and amikacin (58%) and showed high resistance to cefixime (99%), colistin (82%), and ciprofloxacin (76%). In conclusion, carbapenems were the most effective an...

Iranian journal of allergy, asthma, and immunology, 2014

Iranian journal of pediatrics, 2013

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is an important disorder that could be diagnosed in antenatal or post... more Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is an important disorder that could be diagnosed in antenatal or postnatal period. The natural history of VUR seems to be different between prenatal or postnatal forms of the disease. We compared the natural history and outcome of vesicoureteral reflux in infants less than one year old diagnosed prenatally or postnatally. All infants less than 12 months old with VUR were enrolled in two groups. Group 1 composed of patients with antenatal hydronephrosis and group2, infants with diagnosis of VUR because of UTI or other postnatal problems. We followed patients for an average of 33 months. Outcome was assessed by several factors: somatic growth, need for surgery, resolution, occurrence of UTI and scar formation. We studied 236 renal units in 152 patients (70 boys, 82girls), 67 patients in group 1 and 85 patients in group2. Occurrence of recurrent UTI was 10.6% with no significant difference between two groups. Reflux resolved in postnatal group more significa...

The journal of Tehran Heart Center, 2012

Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 2011

Functional constipation is prevalent in children. Recently polyethylene glycol has been introduce... more Functional constipation is prevalent in children. Recently polyethylene glycol has been introduced as an effective and safe drug to treat chronic constipation. There are only a few clinical trials on comparison of PEG and liquid paraffin in childhood constipation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical efficacy and safety of PEG 3350 solution and liquid paraffin in the treatment of children with functional constipation in Sari Toba clinic during the period of 2008-2009. Children with a history of functional constipation were subjects of this study. One hundred and sixty children of 2-12 years old with functional constipation were randomized in two PEG and paraffin treatment groups. Patients received either 1.0-1.5 g/kg/day PEG 3350 or 1.0-1.5 ml/kg/day liquid paraffin for 4 months. Clinical efficacy was evaluated by stool and encopresis frequency/week and overall treatment success rate was compared in two groups. Compared with the baseline, defecation frequency/ week inc...

Iranian journal of kidney diseases, 2011

The aim of this study was to investigate power Doppler ultrasonography for diagnosis and predicti... more The aim of this study was to investigate power Doppler ultrasonography for diagnosis and prediction of scarring compared with technetium Tc 99m dimercaptosuccinic acid scintigraphy in acute pyelonephritis. Sixty-six children, aged 2 months to 6 years old, admitted with clinical and biological signs of their first febrile urinary tract infection were studied. All of the children underwent PDU and technetium Tc 99m dimercaptosuccinic acid scintigraphy within 7 days after diagnosis and repeat scintigraphy at least 6 months later, if results of the first study were abnormal. Scintigraphic and Doppler studies were interpreted and compared. Dimercaptosuccinic acid scintigraphy demonstrated scar in 7.6% of renal units, 3.1% of patients without reflux and 66.7% of those with high-grade reflux. Kidneys with permanent kidney damage had a mean resistive index (RI) of 0.71 ± 0.06, while the RI value for nonscarred kidneys was 0.66 ± 0.06 (P = .02). The best cutoff point of RI value was 0.715, w...

Biological Trace Element Research, 2008

Changes in the cupper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) concentrations have been reported previously in idiopath... more Changes in the cupper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) concentrations have been reported previously in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCMP). As a result of controversial results, the aim of this study was to compare the Zn and Cu concentrations and Zn/Cu ratio of IDCMP patients to healthy volunteers. In addition, the correlation of Cu and Zn levels with age has been evaluated. The study population consisted of 18 IDCMP patients and 27 healthy volunteers. IDCMP patients had normal angiography with echocardiography

Trace Elements and Electrolytes, 2010